CN111313700A - Power supply circuit and power supply method - Google Patents

Power supply circuit and power supply method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111313700A
CN111313700A CN202010249196.3A CN202010249196A CN111313700A CN 111313700 A CN111313700 A CN 111313700A CN 202010249196 A CN202010249196 A CN 202010249196A CN 111313700 A CN111313700 A CN 111313700A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
power
voltage
current
power supply
converter
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Pending
Application number
CN202010249196.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吕明
赖鹏捷
姜剑
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Chengdu Monolithic Power Systems Co Ltd
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Chengdu Monolithic Power Systems Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from US16/372,391 external-priority patent/US10892637B2/en
Application filed by Chengdu Monolithic Power Systems Co Ltd filed Critical Chengdu Monolithic Power Systems Co Ltd
Publication of CN111313700A publication Critical patent/CN111313700A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B33/00—Constructional parts, details or accessories not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • G11B33/12—Disposition of constructional parts in the apparatus, e.g. of power supply, of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/1566—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with means for compensating against rapid load changes, e.g. with auxiliary current source, with dual mode control or with inductance variation

Abstract

The application discloses a power supply circuit and a power supply method. The power supply circuit includes an eFuse power switch, a power backup converter, and a controller. The power backup converter provides power support to the load when the load current encounters a current limit. The power supply circuit and the power supply method have higher operation efficiency and more flexible operation mode.

Description

Power supply circuit and power supply method
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an electronic circuit, and more particularly, to a power supply circuit and a power supply method.
Background
In applications such as solid state disk drives of high-end enterprises, for example, solid state disk drives of SAS interfaces (serial attached SCSI interfaces), PCI E cards (peripheral component interconnect express cards), and the like, there are usually two input power supplies for supplying power to the system. In conventional architectures, these two input power sources are utilized separately. Therefore, when one of the input power sources encounters its set limit peak, the system cannot draw more energy from that input power source. This limits the performance of the system. Furthermore, most solid state disk drives require power backup functionality. The existing solution is to couple the power (power) backup circuit to one of the input power sources. Thus, when multiple loads all require power support, they will all be coupled to the input power supply, further limiting the performance of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the present invention is directed to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to provide an improved power supply circuit and power supply method.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a power supply including: an eFuse power switch to deliver input power to the bus terminal to provide a bus voltage; a power backup converter coupled to the bus terminal to provide a charging channel from the bus terminal to the storage capacitor and a discharging channel from the storage capacitor to the bus terminal; a controller controls the power backup converter based on a current sample signal indicative of current flowing through the eFuse power switch and a feedback voltage indicative of the bus voltage.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a power supply including: an eFuse power switch to deliver input power to the bus terminal to provide a bus voltage; a power backup converter that controls a storage capacitor to store energy when a load current is below a current limit; the power backup converter controls the energy stored in the storage capacitor to be released to the load when the load current hits a current limit and the output voltage is below a voltage threshold.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a power supply method including: converting an input voltage to an output voltage to power a load, the input voltage simultaneously charging a storage capacitor via a power backup converter; the load current and output voltage are monitored, and if the load current exceeds a current limit and the output voltage drops to a voltage threshold, the energy stored in the storage capacitor is released by the power backup converter to provide power support.
The power supply circuit and the power supply method according to the aspects of the invention have higher operation efficiency and more flexible operation mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply 100 according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply 200 according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 schematically shows a circuit configuration diagram of the power-sharing converter 103 in the power supply 300 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a circuit configuration diagram of the controller 105 in the power supply 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a circuit configuration diagram of the controller 105 in the power supply 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply 600 according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a circuit configuration diagram of the controller 105 in the power supply 700 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 schematically illustrates a flow chart 800 of a power supply method according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply 900 according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 schematically illustrates a circuit configuration diagram of the controller 105 in the power supply 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 schematically illustrates eFuse power supply switch (load switch) current limit I during normal operation of power supplies 900 and 1000limCurrent I flowing through eFuseinVoltage V of input power supply PSINBus voltage VBCurrent I flowing through the power backup converter 104LAnd a storage capacitor CSVoltage V acrossSA waveform diagram of (a);
fig. 12 schematically shows the load demand current I when the load current hits its current limitdemandeFuse current limit (i.e. load switch current limit) IlimCurrent I flowing through eFuseinVoltage V of input power supply PSINBus voltage VBFlow-through power backup converter 104 current ILAnd a storage capacitor CSVoltage V acrossSA waveform diagram of (a);
fig. 13 schematically shows a flow chart 1300 of a power supply method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and it should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: it is not necessary to employ these specific details to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "coupled" or "connected" to another element, it can be directly coupled or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly coupled" or "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present. Like reference numerals refer to like elements. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply 100 according to an embodiment of the invention. At the position of FIG. 1In an exemplary embodiment, power supply 100 includes: a first eFuse power switch (electronic fuse) 101 to couple a first input power source PS1Is transmitted to the first bus terminal to provide the first bus voltage VB1(ii) a A second eFuse power switch (electronic fuse) 102 to couple a second input power source PS2To a second bus terminal to provide a second bus voltage VB2(ii) a A power sharing converter 103 coupled between the first bus terminal and the second bus terminal to provide an electrical path between the first bus terminal and the second bus terminal; a power backup converter 104 coupled to the first bus terminal for providing the first bus terminal to the storage capacitor CSAnd a storage capacitor CSA discharge path to the first bus terminal; controller 105 responsive to characterizing first input power source PS1First detection signal Isen1And characterizing the second input power supply PS2Second detection signal Isen2The operation of first eFuse power switch 101, second eFuse power switch 102, power-sharing converter 103, and power backup converter 104 is controlled.
In one embodiment, the first detection signal Isen1Characterizing a first input Power Source PS1Input current (current I, as shown in FIG. 1)in1Through first eFuse power switch 101), second detection signal Isen2Characterizing the second input Power supply PS2Input current (current I, as shown in FIG. 1)in2Through second eFuse power switch 102).
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the power backup converter 104 is coupled to the first bus terminal. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the power backup converter 104 may also be coupled to the second bus terminal.
In one embodiment, the first input power source PS1And a second input power source PS2Can be coupled together, a first bus voltage VB1And a second bus voltage VB2Or may be coupled together to power a load such as a downstream dc converter (not shown). In other embodiments, the first input power source PS1And a second input power source PS2May not be coupled together to be independentPower is supplied to the load.
In one embodiment, if the current flowing through one of the input power sources reaches a current threshold, the other input power source will be interposed and provide power support via the power sharing converter 103. For example, if a load coupled to the first bus terminal requires a large current, or multiple loads are coupled to the first bus terminal at the same time such that the current flowing through the first eFuse power switch 101 reaches its current threshold, then power converter 103 will be activated such that the second input power source PS will be activated2Additional power is provided to the first bus terminal.
In one embodiment, if one of the input power sources is powered down (e.g., if the supply of one of the input power sources is interrupted), the other input power source will be interposed and provide power support via the power-sharing converter 103. For example, if the first input power source PS1When power is off, the second input power PS2The load coupled to the first bus terminal will be powered via the power sharing converter 103. Or if the second input power source PS2When power is off, the first input power PS1The load coupled to the second bus terminal will be powered via the power sharing converter 103.
In one embodiment, if one of the two input power sources is powered down, or both input power sources are powered down, the power backup converter 104 is activated to remove the storage capacitor CSProviding additional power to the load.
In one embodiment, if the first input power source PS1And/or the second input power supply PS2When the power supplied to the load is insufficient (e.g., when the load suddenly jumps to a heavy load for a short time), the power backup converter 104 is activated to remove the storage capacitor CsProviding additional power to the load.
In one embodiment, the power backup converter 104 may also directly power the load. In other embodiments, the power backup converter 104 supplies power to the load via the power sharing converter 103.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply 200 according to an embodiment of the invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, first eFuse power switch 101 and second eFuse power switch 102 each comprise back-to-back switches to block reverse current; the power backup converter 104 comprises a bi-directional buck-boost (buck-boost) converter.
Specifically, when the first input power PS1When switched on, the first input power PS1Is routed to a first bus terminal via first eFuse power switch 101. Storage capacitor CSIs periodically charged by turning on and off the high-side switch 41 and the low-side switch 42 until the storage capacitor CSThe voltage across reaches the target voltage. If the two input power supplies are both powered off, or the power consumed by the load is larger than the first input power supply PS1And a second input power source PS2The maximum power that can be provided (i.e. the current flowing through the two input power supplies reaches the current threshold value set by the two input power supplies), the storage capacitor CSDischarged via the power backup converter 104 to provide power support to the load.
Fig. 3 schematically shows a circuit configuration diagram of the power sharing converter 103 in the power supply 300 according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the power-sharing converter 103 comprises a bi-directional buck-boost converter. For example, in one embodiment, if the second bus voltage VB2In support of the first bus terminal, the power-sharing converter 103 may operate in a buck (buck) converter mode to convert the second bus voltage VB2Down to the first bus voltage VB1. In another embodiment, if the first bus voltage V is lower than the first bus voltage VB1In support of the second bus terminal, the power sharing converter 103 may operate in a boost (boost) converter mode to couple the first bus voltage VB1Pumped to a second bus voltage VB2。
Fig. 4 schematically shows a circuit configuration diagram of the controller 105 in the power supply 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the controller 105 includes: a first comparator 51 for comparing the first detection signal Isen1And a first current threshold Ith1Comparing; the first control unit 1 controls the power-sharing converter 103 in response to the comparison result of the first comparator 51. When the first input power supplyPS1Is higher than a first current threshold Ith1When the power required by the load coupled to the first bus terminal is greater than the set power, the first control unit 1 controls the power sharing converter 103 to be activated, so that the second input power source PS is enabled2Power support is provided to the first bus terminal.
Fig. 5 schematically shows a circuit configuration diagram of the controller 105 in the power supply 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the controller 105 includes: a first comparator 51 for comparing the first detection signal IsenlAnd a first current threshold Ith1Comparing; a second comparator 52 for comparing the second detection signal Isen2And a second current threshold Ith2Comparing; a logical and unit 53 that performs a logical and operation on the comparison results of the first comparator 51 and the second comparator 52; a first control unit 1 for controlling the power-sharing converter 103 in response to the comparison result of the first comparator 51; the second control unit 2 controls the power backup converter 104 in response to the logical and result of the logical and unit 53.
If the first input power supply PS1Is higher than a first current threshold Ith1A second input power source PS2Is higher than a second current threshold Ith2When the first input power supply PS is on1And/or the second input power supply PS2If the energy supplied to the load is insufficient, the second control unit 2 will control the power backup converter 104 to be activated to cause the storage capacitor C to be chargedSAdditional power is provided to support the load.
In one embodiment, the power backup converter 104 may be implemented by sensing the first bus voltage VB1Or detecting the second bus voltage VB2Is activated.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply 600 according to an embodiment of the invention. In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the power supply 600 includes: a first eFuse power switch (electronic fuse) 101 to couple a first input power source PS1Is transmitted to the first bus terminal to provide the first bus voltage VB1(ii) a A second eFuse power switch (electronic fuse) 102 to couple the second eFuseInput power supply PS2To a second bus terminal to provide a second bus voltage VB2(ii) a A power sharing converter 103 coupled between the first bus terminal and the second bus terminal to provide an electrical path between the first bus terminal and the second bus terminal; a power backup converter 104 coupled to the first bus terminal for providing the first bus terminal to the storage capacitor CSAnd a storage capacitor CsA discharge path to the first bus terminal; controller 105, responsive to a current sense signal I indicative of current flowing through first eFuse power switch 101CS1And characterizing the first bus voltage VB1Voltage feedback signal VFB1The operation of first eFuse power switch 101, second eFuse power switch 102, power-sharing converter 103, and power backup converter 104 is controlled.
In one embodiment, second input power supply PS if the current flowing through first eFuse power switch 101 reaches a current threshold2Will intervene via the power sharing converter 103 to provide power support.
During the starting process, when the first input power PS1When the input power is in place and is higher than the undervoltage threshold value, the first input power supply PS1Storage capacitor C via first eFuse power switch 101SAnd (6) charging.
When characterizing the first bus voltage VB1When the voltage feedback signal falls, the storage capacitor CSIntervene via the power backup converter 104 to provide power support.
In one embodiment, first eFuse power switch 101 and second eFuse power switch 102 in power supply 600 comprise back-to-back switches as shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3.
In one embodiment, the power backup converter 104 in the power supply 600 comprises a bidirectional buck-boost (buck-boost) converter as shown in the embodiment of fig. 2; the power-sharing converter 103 in the power supply 600 comprises a bi-directional buck-boost (buck-boost) converter as shown in the embodiment of fig. 3.
Fig. 7 schematically illustrates a circuit configuration diagram of the controller 105 in the power supply 700 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Shown in FIG. 7In an embodiment, the controller 105 comprises: a first comparator 51 for sampling the current ICS1And a current threshold IthComparing; a first control unit 1 responsive to the current sampling signal ICS1And a current threshold IthControls the power-sharing converter 103; a second comparator 52 for feeding back the voltage signal VFB1And a release threshold VthComparing to detect the first bus voltage VB1Voltage condition of (d); a second control unit 2 responsive to the voltage feedback signal VFB1And a release threshold VthControls the power backup converter 104 as a result of the comparison.
If the current detection signal ICS1Above current threshold IthWhen the current flowing through eFuse power switch 101 reaches a predetermined limit, first control unit 1 controls power sharing converter 103 to be activated to enable second input power supply PS2Intervening to provide power support to the first bus terminal.
If the voltage feedback signal VFB1Below the release threshold VthThe first bus voltage V at this time is characterizedB1If the voltage drops, the second control unit 2 controls the power backup converter 104 to be activated, so that the storage capacitor C is chargedSProviding additional power support to the load.
In one embodiment, the first bus voltage VB1May be due to the first input power supply PS1Or because the load coupled to the first bus terminal suddenly increases rapidly.
Fig. 8 schematically shows a flow chart 800 of a power supply method according to an embodiment of the invention. The method comprises the following steps:
in step 801, a first input voltage is applied to a first bus terminal to create a first electrical path.
Step 802, a second input voltage is delivered to a second bus terminal to create a second electrical channel. The first electrical path and the second electrical path are both used to power a load (such as a downstream dc converter).
In step 803, a power sharing converter is coupled between the first bus terminal and the second bus terminal, and when a current of one of the channels is over-current or an input voltage of the one channel is cut off, the other channel provides power support for the one channel through the power sharing converter.
Step 804, coupling the power backup converter to the first bus terminal or the second bus terminal, such that the first electrical channel or the second electrical channel charges the storage capacitor via the power backup converter, or the storage capacitor discharges the first electrical channel or the second electrical channel via the power backup converter.
In one embodiment, the first electrical path and the second electrical path are each created by an eFuse power switch.
In one embodiment, the power-sharing converter and the power backup converter each include a bidirectional buck-boost converter.
In one embodiment, if the current flowing through one of the electrical channels reaches its current threshold, or the input voltage of one of the electrical channels is powered down, the other input voltage will be inserted via the power sharing converter to provide power support.
In one embodiment, if both input voltages are powered down, a storage capacitor will be interposed via the power backup converter to provide power support.
In one embodiment, if one or neither of the input voltages is capable of providing sufficient power, the storage capacitor will be interposed via the power backup converter to provide power support.
The aforementioned power supply according to various embodiments of the present invention has higher operating efficiency and more flexible operation. Unlike the conventional technology, the aforementioned power supplies according to the embodiments of the present invention can still obtain energy from one input power supply when the other input power supply reaches its set limit peak or a power failure condition occurs. Meanwhile, the power supply according to the embodiments of the invention can obtain energy from the storage capacitor when the two-way input power supply drops or when the input power supply cannot provide enough power to drive the load.
FIG. 9 is a view according to the present inventionThe circuit structure of the power supply 900 according to the embodiment of the present invention is schematically illustrated. In the embodiment shown in fig. 9, the power supply 900 includes: an eFuse power switch (e-fuse) 101 that delivers input power PS to the bus terminals to provide a bus voltage VB(ii) a A power backup converter 104 coupled to the bus terminal to provide the bus terminal to the storage capacitor CSAnd a storage capacitor CSA discharge channel to a bus terminal; a controller 105 for sensing a current sample signal I indicative of a current flowing through the eFuse power switch 101CSAnd characterizing the bus voltage VBIs fed back to the voltage source VFBThe power backup converter 104 is controlled.
In one embodiment, the eFuse power switch 101, also referred to as a load switch, delivers the input power PS to the bus terminals. In one embodiment, the eFuse power switch 101 may comprise a back-to-back switch as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 to block reverse current flow.
In one embodiment, during startup, input power PS is provided to storage capacitor C via eFuse power switch 101 and power backup converter 104SAnd (6) charging. During normal operation of power supply 900, an input voltage is delivered to the bus terminals through the eFuse power switch to power the load. When the load current increases to meet its current limit, such as the current flowing through eFuse power switch 101 reaches its current threshold, bus voltage VBAnd begins to fall. When the bus voltage VBDropping to the voltage threshold, the power backup converter 104 is activated, and the storage capacitor CSIntervene through the power backup converter 104 to provide power support. The power standby converter 104 will operate in a release mode to regulate the bus voltage VBTo a set voltage value; while being stored in the storage capacitor CSThe energy is released to provide additional load power.
Fig. 10 schematically shows a circuit configuration diagram of the controller 105 in the power supply 1000 according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in fig. 10, the controller 105 includes: a current comparator 54 for sampling the current ICSAnd a current threshold IthComparing; voltage comparisonA device 55 for feeding back the voltage VFBAnd releasing the threshold voltage VthComparing; logic AND circuit 56 enables power backup converter 104 to release the stored charge on storage capacitor C in response to the comparison of current comparator 54 and voltage comparator 55STo the energy of (c).
In one embodiment, the and logic circuit 56 performs a logical and operation on the comparison results of the current comparator 54 and the voltage comparator 55. When a) a current sampling signal ICSGreater than a current threshold Ith(ii) a And b) a feedback voltage VFBBelow the release threshold voltage VthAt this time, the power backup converter 104 is activated to store the energy in the storage capacitor CSThe energy is released to provide power support.
In one embodiment, the power backup converter 104 comprises a bidirectional DC converter, such as a bidirectional buck-boost (buck-boost) converter for the power backup converter 104.
In one embodiment, the controller 105 further comprises: a PWM control circuit 57 for controlling the power backup converter 104 in response to the operation result of the AND circuit 56 to regulate the feedback voltage VFBTo a reference voltage.
In one embodiment, the PWM controller 57 includes: a PWM unit, a High Side (HS) driver, and a Low Side (LS) driver. The PWM unit receives the operation result of the AND circuit 56 and the feedback voltage VFBControl signals are generated to control the high-side switch 41 and the low-side switch 42 via the HS driver and the LS driver, respectively.
In one embodiment, the PWM control circuit 57 may include a constant duration controller that controls the bus voltage VBTo a set voltage value.
FIG. 11 schematically illustrates eFuse power supply switch (load switch) current limit I during normal operation of power supplies 900 and 1000limCurrent I flowing through eFuseinVoltage V of input power supply PSINBus voltage VBCurrent I flowing through the power backup converter 104LAnd a storage capacitor CSVoltage V acrossSA waveform diagram of (a). As shown in fig. 11, in normal operationAt times, the load current is below the current limit, and therefore the bus voltage VBFollow input VINAll power required is provided by the input power source PS. Storage capacitor CSIs slightly charged/discharged to maintain the self voltage at a desired voltage value.
Fig. 12 schematically shows the load demand current I when the load current hits its current limitdemandeFuse current limit (i.e. load switch current limit) IlimCurrent I flowing through eFuseinVoltage V of input power supply PSINBus voltage VBCurrent I flowing through the power backup converter 104LAnd a storage capacitor CSVoltage V acrossSA waveform diagram of (a). As shown in FIG. 12, when the load demand current meets the load switch current limit IlimBus voltage VBFrom VINAnd begins to fall. When the bus voltage VBDropping to voltage threshold, feedback voltage VFBBelow the release threshold voltage Vth. Voltage comparator 55 now outputs a logic high signal. The logic high signal will control the power backup converter 104 to store in the storage capacitor CSReleases the energy therein and regulates the bus voltage VBTo a desired voltage value. Accordingly, a continuous current I flows through the power backup converter 104LStorage capacitor CSVoltage V acrossSAnd begins to fall. Thus, power support to the load is achieved through the power backup converter 104.
Fig. 13 schematically shows a flow chart 1300 of a power supply method according to an embodiment of the invention. The method comprises the following steps:
step 1301, converting an input voltage to an output voltage to supply power to a load, the input voltage simultaneously charging a storage capacitor via a power backup converter.
At step 1302, load current and output voltage are monitored. If the load current exceeds the current limit and the output voltage drops to the voltage threshold, go to step 1303.
At step 1303, the energy stored in the storage capacitor is discharged through the power backup converter to provide power support.
In one embodiment, the input voltage is delivered to the output voltage via a load switch.
In one embodiment, the load current is monitored by sampling the current flowing through the load switch.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: the output voltage is controlled to a reference voltage by a power backup converter.
While the present invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A power supply, comprising:
an eFuse power switch to deliver input power to the bus terminal to provide a bus voltage;
a power backup converter coupled to the bus terminal to provide a charging channel from the bus terminal to the storage capacitor and a discharging channel from the storage capacitor to the bus terminal;
a controller controls the power backup converter based on a current sample signal indicative of current flowing through the eFuse power switch and a feedback voltage indicative of the bus voltage.
2. The power supply of claim 1, wherein:
the power backup converter is activated to discharge energy stored on the storage capacitor when the current sampling signal is greater than the current threshold and the feedback voltage is less than the discharge threshold voltage.
3. The power supply of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises:
a current comparator that compares the current sampling signal with a current threshold;
a voltage comparator that compares the feedback voltage with a release threshold voltage;
and logic and circuitry responsive to the comparison of the current comparator and the voltage comparator to enable the power backup converter to discharge energy stored on the storage capacitor.
4. The power supply of claim 1, wherein the controller further comprises:
and the PWM control circuit responds to the operation result of the logical AND circuit to control the power standby converter so as to regulate the feedback voltage to the reference voltage.
5. The power supply of claim 1, wherein:
the power backup converter includes: a bidirectional buck-boost converter.
6. A power supply, comprising:
an eFuse power switch to deliver input power to the bus terminal to provide a bus voltage;
a power backup converter that controls a storage capacitor to store energy when a load current is below a current limit; the power backup converter controls the energy stored in the storage capacitor to be released to the load when the load current hits a current limit and the output voltage is below a voltage threshold.
7. The power supply of claim 6, wherein:
the power backup converter includes: a bidirectional buck-boost converter.
8. The power supply of claim 6, wherein:
the eFuse power switch comprises a back-to-back switch.
9. A power supply method, comprising:
converting an input voltage to an output voltage to power a load, the input voltage simultaneously charging a storage capacitor via a power backup converter;
the load current and output voltage are monitored, and if the load current exceeds a current limit and the output voltage drops to a voltage threshold, the energy stored in the storage capacitor is released by the power backup converter to provide power support.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
the output voltage is controlled to a reference voltage by a power backup converter.
CN202010249196.3A 2019-04-01 2020-04-01 Power supply circuit and power supply method Pending CN111313700A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US16/372,391 2019-04-01
US16/372,391 US10892637B2 (en) 2018-02-16 2019-04-01 Power supply and power supplying method with power backup

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CN111313700A true CN111313700A (en) 2020-06-19

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