CN111313381B - Relay protection device for small-resistance grounding power distribution network - Google Patents
Relay protection device for small-resistance grounding power distribution network Download PDFInfo
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- CN111313381B CN111313381B CN202010084289.5A CN202010084289A CN111313381B CN 111313381 B CN111313381 B CN 111313381B CN 202010084289 A CN202010084289 A CN 202010084289A CN 111313381 B CN111313381 B CN 111313381B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/16—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass
- H02H3/162—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass for ac systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/28—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for meshed systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a relay protection device for a small-resistance grounding power distribution network, which comprises an acquisition module, a judgment module, a program module and a driving module, wherein the input stage of the acquisition module is electrically connected with the secondary sides of a plurality of zero sequence current transformers respectively and is used for acquiring the electric signals of the zero sequence current transformers; the input stage of the judgment module is electrically connected with the output stage of the acquisition module, and the judgment module controls the driving module according to the acquisition signal of the acquisition module; the input of the driving module is electrically connected with the output stage of the judging module, and the driving module is used for switching on a tripping circuit and removing faults; the program module is stored in the relay protection device of the small-resistance grounding power distribution network, and comprises the following steps: according to the collected signal of the collecting module, calculating the characteristic value E of the reference linei(ii) a According to the characteristic value E of the reference lineiMake a judgment if Ei>If gamma is determined to be a non-fault line, starting the driving module and removing the fault; if EiAnd if the gamma is less than or equal to gamma, determining the fault line as a fault line, and not starting the driving module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power system equipment, in particular to a relay protection device for a small-resistance grounding power distribution network.
Background
With the rapid development of economic level, outgoing lines in the transformer substation are increased day by day, and the capacitance current is increased when a line fault occurs. The small-resistance grounding system can provide large short-circuit current when a grounding fault occurs, is beneficial to relay protection to rapidly act and trip, and can avoid accidents such as breakdown of insulation weak positions, cable phase short circuit, resonance overvoltage of a voltage transformer and the like caused by bus voltage rising. However, when a high-resistance ground fault occurs in a low-resistance ground system, the fault current is too small, so that the relay protection cannot operate correctly, and adverse effects are brought to the safe and stable operation of the power system. Therefore, the problems of high-resistance grounding and multipoint grounding of a low-resistance grounding system are solved, and the popularization and the use of the operation mode can be greatly influenced.
At present, zero sequence overcurrent protection is mainly adopted for removing a grounding fault line in a small-resistance grounding power distribution network, and the protection setting value needs to avoid line capacitance current, so that the setting value is high. When a high-transition resistance ground fault occurs, the zero-sequence current of a fault line is far lower than a setting value, so that the protection cannot act correctly, namely the protection fails to act. If the setting value is reduced, the non-fault circuit can cause that the capacitor current cannot be kept away, so that protection misoperation occurs. Therefore, the key point is how to reduce the setting value of the zero-sequence overcurrent protection without causing malfunction and refusal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a relay protection device for a small-resistance grounding power distribution network. By the method, practitioners can realize the reaction of the high-transition resistance grounding fault by using the inverse time limit characteristic, reduce the setting value, ensure the accurate removal of the fault line and effectively ensure the equipment safety of the low-resistance grounding system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a relay protection device for a low-resistance grounding power distribution network comprises an acquisition module, a judgment module, a program module and a driving module, wherein,
the input stage of the acquisition module is respectively and electrically connected with the secondary sides of the plurality of zero sequence current transformers and is used for acquiring the electric signals of the zero sequence current transformers; the zero sequence current transformer is arranged in the switch cabinet;
the input stage of the judging module is electrically connected with the output stage of the collecting module, and the judging module controls the driving module according to the collecting signal of the collecting module;
the input stage of the driving module is electrically connected with the output stage of the judging module, and the driving module is used for switching on a tripping circuit and removing faults;
the program module is stored in the relay protection device of the small-resistance grounding power distribution network, and comprises the following steps:
according to the collected signal of the collecting module, calculating the characteristic value E of the reference linei；
According to the characteristic value E of the reference lineiMake a judgment if Ei>If gamma is determined to be a non-fault line, starting the driving module and removing the fault; if EiAnd if the gamma is less than or equal to gamma, determining the fault line as a fault line, and not starting the driving module.
By the method, practitioners can realize the reaction of the high-transition resistance grounding fault by using the inverse time limit characteristic, reduce the setting value, ensure the accurate removal of the fault line and effectively ensure the equipment safety of the low-resistance grounding system. Meanwhile, as the relay protection system of the small-resistance grounding power distribution network is basically formed and cannot be subjected to complex modification, the zero-sequence overcurrent protection system is light, independent and easy to implement, and can ensure that zero-sequence overcurrent protection can also act correctly under the condition that a high-transition-resistance grounding fault occurs to the power distribution network. Finally, the programming difficulty is low, and the judgment module only needs to carry out simple addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, so that the method can not only reflect the metallic grounding fault, but also reflect various types of high-transition-resistance grounding faults, including single-line single-phase grounding, multi-line multi-phase grounding and other fault types.
In a preferred embodiment, the characteristic value E isiExpressed by the following formula:
in the formula (II)
The sampling values of the zero sequence currents of other lines except the reference line are obtained; said
Is a sampling value of the zero sequence current of the grounding transformer; said
Is a zero sequence current sampling value of a reference line; and n is the number of outlet lines in the switch cabinet.
In the preferred embodiment, KiThe method is defined as a basic value, is the sum of multiples (namely the ratio of the zero-sequence currents) of the zero-sequence currents of the rest outgoing lines (including the zero-sequence currents of the grounding neutral point) and the zero-sequence current of the reference line, and has the principle that the current magnitudes of the fault line and the non-fault line have multiple differences, so that a related ratio formula can be constructed to serve as a basic value for fault judgment. EiThe definition is a characteristic value, the basic value of the reference line is divided by the number n of the outgoing lines, which is equivalent to the averaging and is the final criterion for judging the fault. According to the calculation method of the basic value, as the characteristic value of the fault line is obviously larger, and the characteristic value of the non-fault line is obviously smaller, the judgment and the selection of the fault line can be carried out through the judgment rule according to the characteristic value of each line.
In a preferred embodiment, γ is expressed by the following formula:
in the formula, k is the number of fault lines to be judged; beta is an artificial preset value; and n is the number of outlet lines in the switch cabinet.
In the preferred scheme, the grounding of k lines can cause k 10 basic values of non-fault lines to appear, and the characteristic value is correspondingly larger than
The basic value of the fault line is less than k 10, and the characteristic value is less than or equal to
n serves to avoid a change in the base value due to a change in the number of lines, because the base value will change as the number of lines increases, resulting in an inability to determine a fixed decision threshold. After dividing by n, the base value will be relatively stable as the line increases, and the decision threshold can only be determined.
In a preferred embodiment, the beta is more than or equal to 10.
In the preferred embodiment, the ratio of the faulty line to the non-faulty line is much larger than 10 in practice.
In a preferred aspect, the acquisition module comprises a filter and a sampling element, wherein,
the input stage of the low-pass filter is used as the input stage of the acquisition module, and the input stage of the low-pass filter is electrically connected with the secondary sides of the plurality of zero-sequence current transformers respectively;
the output stage of the low-pass filter is electrically connected with the input stage of the sampling element, and the output stage of the sampling element is used as the output stage of the acquisition module.
In the preferred scheme, the low-pass filter is used for filtering a high-frequency clutter part on the secondary side of the zero-sequence current transformer, so that the judgment result of the judgment module is not influenced by the high-frequency clutter.
In a preferred scheme, the acquisition module further includes an analog-to-digital conversion module, an input stage of the analog-to-digital conversion module is electrically connected with an output stage of the sampling element, and the output stage of the analog-to-digital conversion module is used as an output stage of the acquisition module.
In the preferred embodiment, since the signal of the secondary side of the zero sequence current transformer is an analog signal, the signal needs to be converted into a digital signal to meet the judgment requirement of the judgment module.
In a preferred embodiment, the sampling element is a hall current sensor.
In a preferred scheme, the driving module is an optocoupler relay, a control stage of the optocoupler relay is electrically connected with an output stage of the judging module, and a controlled stage of the optocoupler relay is used as an auxiliary contact for switching on a tripping circuit and cutting off faults.
In this preferred scheme, the opto-coupler relay has no mechanical contact, can not appear electrocuteeing wearing and tearing, advantages such as long service life.
In a preferred scheme, the relay protection device for the small-resistance grounded power distribution network further comprises a data storage module, and the data storage module is electrically connected with the judgment module.
In the preferred embodiment, the data storage module is used for storing the acquisition signal of the acquisition module and the judgment result of the judgment module.
In a preferred scheme, the relay protection device for the small-resistance grounded power distribution network further comprises a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is electrically connected with the judgment module.
In the preferred scheme, the wireless communication module is used for sending the acquisition signal of the acquisition module and the judgment result of the judgment module to the mobile terminal of the worker.
In a preferred scheme, the wireless communication module is a mobile communication module, a bluetooth module, a WIFI module, a radio frequency module, or an infrared module.
In a preferred scheme, the relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network further comprises a chargeable and dischargeable source.
In a preferred scheme, the relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network further comprises a display module, and the display module is electrically connected with the judgment module.
In the preferred scheme, the display module is used for informing the staff of the acquisition signals of the acquisition module and the judgment result of the judgment module and serving as a human-computer interface.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by the method, practitioners can realize the reaction of the high-transition resistance grounding fault by using the inverse time limit characteristic, reduce the setting value, ensure the accurate removal of the fault line and effectively ensure the equipment safety of the low-resistance grounding system.
2. As the relay protection system of the small-resistance grounding power distribution network is basically formed and cannot be subjected to complex modification, the invention is used as a light-weight, independent and easy-to-implement relay protection system, ensures that zero-sequence overcurrent protection can also correctly act under the condition of high-transition-resistance grounding fault of the power distribution network, and does not influence the operation of the original protection.
3. The programming difficulty is low, and the judgment module only needs to carry out simple addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, so that the method not only can reflect metallic grounding faults, but also can reflect various types of high-transition-resistance grounding faults, including single-line single-phase grounding, multi-line multi-phase grounding and other fault types.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic working diagram of the optocoupler relay according to the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, a relay protection device for a low-resistance grounded power distribution network comprises an acquisition module, a judgment module, a program module and a driving module, wherein,
the input stage of the acquisition module is respectively and electrically connected with the secondary sides of the plurality of zero sequence current transformers and is used for acquiring the electric signals of the zero sequence current transformers; the zero sequence current transformer is arranged in the switch cabinet;
the input stage of the judgment module is electrically connected with the output stage of the acquisition module, and the judgment module controls the driving module according to the acquisition signal of the acquisition module;
the input stage of the driving module is electrically connected with the output stage of the judging module, and the driving module is used for switching on a tripping circuit and removing faults;
the program module is stored in the relay protection device of the small-resistance grounding power distribution network, and comprises the following steps:
according to the collected signal of the collecting module, calculating the characteristic value E of the reference linei；
According to the characteristic value E of the reference lineiMake a judgment if Ei>If gamma is determined to be a non-fault line, starting the driving module and removing the fault; if EiAnd if the gamma is less than or equal to gamma, determining the fault line as a fault line, and not starting the driving module.
Through the embodiment, a practitioner can utilize the inverse time limit characteristic to realize the reaction of the high-transition resistance grounding fault, the setting value is reduced, meanwhile, the accurate cutting of a fault line is ensured, and the equipment safety of a small-resistance grounding system is effectively ensured. Meanwhile, because the relay protection system of the small-resistance grounding power distribution network is basically formed and cannot be subjected to complex modification, the embodiment is used as a lightweight, independent and easy-to-implement relay protection system, and the zero-sequence overcurrent protection can also correctly act under the condition that a high-transition-resistance grounding fault occurs in the power distribution network. Finally, the programming difficulty is low, and the judgment module only needs to carry out simple addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, so that the method can not only reflect the metallic grounding fault, but also reflect various types of high-transition-resistance grounding faults, including single-line single-phase grounding, multi-line multi-phase grounding and other fault types.
In the above embodiment, the following modifications may also be made: characteristic value EiExpressed by the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is other than the reference lineSampling values of zero-sequence currents of the rest lines;
is a sampling value of the zero sequence current of the grounding transformer;
is a zero sequence current sampling value of a reference line; n is the number of outlet lines in the switch cabinet.
In this modification, KiThe method is defined as a basic value, is the sum of multiples (namely the ratio of the zero-sequence currents) of the zero-sequence currents of the rest outgoing lines (including the zero-sequence currents of the grounding neutral point) and the zero-sequence current of the reference line, and has the principle that the current magnitudes of the fault line and the non-fault line have multiple differences, so that a related ratio formula can be constructed to serve as a basic value for fault judgment. EiThe definition is a characteristic value, the basic value of the reference line is divided by the number n of the outgoing lines, which is equivalent to the averaging and is the final criterion for judging the fault. According to the calculation method of the basic value, as the characteristic value of the fault line is obviously larger, and the characteristic value of the non-fault line is obviously smaller, the judgment and the selection of the fault line can be carried out through the judgment rule according to the characteristic value of each line.
In the above embodiment, i.e., the modification, the following modifications may be made: γ is expressed by the following formula:
in the formula, k is the number of fault lines to be judged; beta is an artificial preset value; n is the number of outlet lines in the switch cabinet.
In the present improvement, the grounding of k lines will make k 10 basic values of non-fault lines appear, and the characteristic value will be larger than that of corresponding fault lines
The basic value of the fault line is less than k 10, and the characteristic value is less than or equal to
n serves to avoid a change in the base value due to a change in the number of lines, because the base value will change as the number of lines increases, resulting in an inability to determine a fixed decision threshold. After dividing by n, the base value will be relatively stable as the line increases, and the decision threshold can only be determined.
In the above embodiment, i.e., the modification, the following modifications may be made: beta is more than or equal to 10.
In this modification, the ratio of the faulty line to the non-faulty line is much greater than 10 in practice.
In the above embodiment, i.e., the modification, the following modifications may be made: the acquisition module comprises a filter and a sampling element, wherein,
the input stage of the low-pass filter is used as the input stage of the acquisition module, and the input stage of the low-pass filter is electrically connected with the secondary sides of the plurality of zero-sequence current transformers respectively;
the output stage of the low-pass filter is electrically connected with the input stage of the sampling element, and the output stage of the sampling element is used as the output stage of the acquisition module.
In the improved scheme, the low-pass filter is used for filtering a high-frequency clutter part on the secondary side of the zero-sequence current transformer, so that the judgment result of the judgment module is not influenced by the high-frequency clutter.
In the above embodiment, i.e., the modification, the following modifications may be made: the acquisition module further comprises an analog-to-digital conversion module, an input stage of the analog-to-digital conversion module is electrically connected with an output stage of the sampling element, and an output stage of the analog-to-digital conversion module is used as an output stage of the acquisition module.
In the improved scheme, because the signal of the secondary side of the zero sequence current transformer is an analog signal, the signal needs to be converted into a digital signal to meet the judgment requirement of the judgment module.
In the above embodiment, i.e., the modification, the following modifications may be made: the sampling element is a hall current sensor.
In the above embodiment, i.e., the modification, the following modifications may be made: the driving module is an optical coupling relay, a control level of the optical coupling relay is electrically connected with an output level of the judging module, and a controlled level of the optical coupling relay is used as an auxiliary contact for switching on a tripping circuit and removing faults, as shown in figure 2.
In this improvement scheme, the opto-coupler relay has no mechanical contact, can not appear electrocuting the electric wear, advantages such as long service life are fit for acting as and provide auxiliary contact for microcomputer protection device's export return circuit. When the judging module outputs level to trigger the action of the optical coupling relay and the auxiliary contact is absorbed, an outlet loop of the microcomputer protection device is connected to drive a tripping coil of the circuit breaker to act, and a fault circuit is cut off.
In the above embodiment, i.e., the modification, the following modifications may be made: the relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network further comprises a data storage module, and the data storage module is electrically connected with the judgment module.
In the improved scheme, the data storage module is used for storing the acquisition signals of the acquisition module and the judgment result of the judgment module.
In the above embodiment, i.e., the modification, the following modifications may be made: the relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network further comprises a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is electrically connected with the judgment module.
In the improved scheme, the wireless communication module is used for sending the acquisition signals of the acquisition module and the judgment result of the judgment module to the mobile terminal of the worker.
In the above embodiment, i.e., the modification, the following modifications may be made: the wireless communication module is a mobile communication module, a Bluetooth module, a WIFI module, a radio frequency module or an infrared module.
In the above embodiment, i.e., the modification, the following modifications may be made: the relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network further comprises a chargeable and dischargeable source.
In the above embodiment, i.e., the modification, the following modifications may be made: the relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network further comprises a display module, and the display module is electrically connected with the judgment module.
In the improved scheme, the display module is used for informing the staff of the acquisition signals of the acquisition module and the judgment result of the judgment module and serving as a human-computer interface.
In the above embodiment, i.e., the modification, the following modifications may be made: the judging module is an enhanced STC15F2K60S2 chip.
In the detailed description of the embodiments, various technical features may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts;
the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
it should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For example, the connection modes of the components in the embodiments are only examples, and other connection modes still belong to the protection scope of the patent, and the embodiments are not limited to the patent.
Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A relay protection device for a low-resistance grounding power distribution network is characterized by comprising an acquisition module, a judgment module, a program module and a driving module, wherein,
the input stage of the acquisition module is respectively and electrically connected with the secondary sides of the plurality of zero sequence current transformers and is used for acquiring the electric signals of the zero sequence current transformers; the zero sequence current transformer is arranged in the switch cabinet;
the input stage of the judging module is electrically connected with the output stage of the collecting module, and the judging module controls the driving module according to the collecting signal of the collecting module;
the input stage of the driving module is electrically connected with the output stage of the judging module, and the driving module is used for switching on a tripping circuit and removing faults;
the program module is stored in the relay protection device of the small-resistance grounding power distribution network, and comprises the following steps:
according to the collected signal of the collecting module, calculating the characteristic value E of the reference lineiCharacteristic value EiExpressed by the following formula:
in the formula (II)
The sampling values of the zero sequence currents of other lines except the reference line are obtained; said
Is a sampling value of the zero sequence current of the grounding transformer; said
Is a zero sequence current sampling value of a reference line; n is the number of outlet lines in the switch cabinet;
according to the characteristic value E of the reference lineiMake a judgment if Ei>If gamma is determined to be a non-fault line, starting the driving module and removing the fault; if EiAnd if the gamma is less than or equal to gamma, determining the fault line and not starting the driving module, wherein the gamma is expressed by the following formula:
in the formula, k is the number of fault lines to be judged; beta is an artificial preset value; and n is the number of outlet lines in the switch cabinet.
2. The relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein β is greater than or equal to 10.
3. The relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the collection module comprises a low-pass filter and a sampling element,
the input stage of the low-pass filter is used as the input stage of the acquisition module, and the input stage of the low-pass filter is electrically connected with the secondary sides of the plurality of zero-sequence current transformers respectively;
the output stage of the low-pass filter is electrically connected with the input stage of the sampling element, and the output stage of the sampling element is used as the output stage of the acquisition module.
4. The relay protection device for the small-resistance grounded power distribution network of claim 3, wherein the acquisition module further comprises an analog-to-digital conversion module, an input stage of the analog-to-digital conversion module is electrically connected with an output stage of the sampling element, and the output stage of the analog-to-digital conversion module is used as the output stage of the acquisition module.
5. The relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network according to claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein the driving module is an optocoupler relay, a control stage of the optocoupler relay is electrically connected with an output stage of the judging module, and a controlled stage of the optocoupler relay is used as an auxiliary contact for switching on a trip circuit and cutting off a fault.
6. The relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network of claim 5, wherein the relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network further comprises a data storage module, and the data storage module is electrically connected with the judgment module.
7. The relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 6, wherein the relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network further comprises a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is electrically connected with the judgment module.
8. The relay protection device for the small-resistance grounding power distribution network according to claim 7, further comprising a display module, wherein the display module is electrically connected with the judgment module.
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| EP2985613B1 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2022-02-09 | Beijing Inhand Networks Technology Co., Ltd. | Method and system for detecting and locating single-phase ground fault on low current grounded power-distribution network |
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| CN109103852B (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2022-09-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Single-phase earth fault protection method of small-resistance earth system based on zero-sequence current comparison |
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