CN111307495A - Method for determining cutting sampling size of welding joint based on residual stress distribution - Google Patents
Method for determining cutting sampling size of welding joint based on residual stress distribution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of welding joint cutting sampling, and provides a method for determining the cutting sampling size of a welding joint based on residual stress distribution, wherein the welding residual stress distribution is simulated by adopting a sequential coupling method according to the welding process of an actual welding structure by determining the size and the direction of a welding joint, the transverse and longitudinal residual stresses on the surface of the welding joint are tested by adopting a surface indentation method, and the reliability of the simulation method is verified by comparing the test results with simulation results; and extracting the longitudinal residual stress distribution of the upper surface of the welding joint based on a reliable simulation result, obtaining the maximum value of the longitudinal residual stress of the welding joint before cutting and the distribution width of the longitudinal residual tensile stress, and obtaining the transverse dimension W and the longitudinal dimension L of the sample after cutting based on the residual stress release rate. The invention can obtain the optimal test size (vertical welding line and parallel welding line direction) of each test sample, thereby establishing the welding joint sampling cutting method without influencing the distribution state of the residual stress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding joint cutting sampling, in particular to a method for determining the cutting sampling size of a welding joint based on residual stress distribution.
Background
Starting from the study of the properties of materials by humans using laboratory samples, it is inevitable to involve the process of cutting the samples. In practical applications, the welded structure is often too large, and a small test sample should be cut from the whole structure to evaluate the residual stress distribution of the whole structure. For example, in performing neutron diffraction residual stress test experiments, the sample size must be reduced to accommodate the requirements of the test instrument, on the one hand, neutron diffraction measurements require that the test sample not be in contact with the entrance and diffraction slits, and on the other hand, the maximum weight of the test sample requires that the test table be able to safely support the sample and ensure its accurate movement. However, during cutting, the cutting can change the internal constraints of the specimen, thereby changing the stress state close to the cut surface, causing the release of the residual stress part of the actual structure, resulting in a significant underestimation of the effect of the welding residual stress on the structural integrity in the actual evaluation.
Therefore, the influence of the cutting position and the sampling size on the residual stress is accurately mastered, and the optimal testing size (the directions of the vertical welding line and the parallel welding line) of each testing sample is obtained, so that the welding joint sampling and cutting method which does not influence the distribution state of the residual stress is established, and plays a crucial role in testing and evaluating the welding residual stress.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above background, the present invention provides a method for determining a cutting sample size of a welded joint based on a residual stress distribution.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for determining a cutting sampling size of a welding joint based on residual stress distribution comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the size and the direction of a welding joint:
setting the original length of a welding joint sample as L0Width of W0The thickness is T; the vertical weld direction represents the transverse direction, and the direction parallel to the weld direction represents the longitudinal direction;
(2) simulating welding residual stress distribution by adopting a sequential coupling method according to the welding process of an actual welding structure;
(3) testing the transverse and longitudinal residual stress of the surface of the welding joint by adopting a surface indentation method, comparing the tested transverse and longitudinal residual stress with the simulation result of the step (2), and verifying the reliability of the simulation method;
(4) based on reliable simulation results, extracting the longitudinal residual stress distribution of the middle position of the upper surface of the welding joint along the vertical welding seam path to obtain the maximum value sigma of the longitudinal residual stress of the welding joint before cutting0Width W of distribution of longitudinal residual tensile stresst；
(5) Determining the longitudinal residual stress value after longitudinal cutting (parallel to the direction of the welding seam) according to the longitudinal residual stress distribution and the size, and setting the maximum longitudinal residual stress of the sample after cutting as sigmayOriginal longitudinal residual stress of σ0The calculation formula is as follows:
(6) obtaining the transverse dimension W of the cut sample according to a formula (1) on the basis of the residual stress release rate of the maximum longitudinal stress after cutting;
(7) let L be the longitudinal residual length of the sample after cutting, LrelaxIs the zero stress sample weld length (release length for short), LcharIs a characteristic lengthThe maximum longitudinal residual stress after transverse cutting (perpendicular to the direction of the weld) is:
(8) the release length L is represented by the longitudinal tensile stress distribution width WtrelaxIf the thickness T of the sample is less than 20mm, the characteristic length is 3 times of the release length; if the thickness of the sample is more than 20mm and less than 50mm, the characteristic length is 2.8 times of the release length; if the thickness of the sample is more than 50mm and less than 100mm, the characteristic length is 2.2 times of the release length; if the thickness of the sample is more than 100mm, taking the characteristic length as 1.6 times of the release length;
(9) and (4) determining a rule according to the characteristic length in the formula (2) and the step (8) on the basis of the residual stress release rate, and thus obtaining the longitudinal dimension L of the transversely cut sample.
Further, the residual stress release rate in the step (6) and the step (9) is within 10%.
From this, the cut size (the lateral width W of the longitudinally cut sample, the longitudinal length L of the transversely cut sample) based on the residual stress distribution based on the residual stress relaxation rate of 10% can be obtained.
And similarly, the cutting sizes of the samples under other residual stress release rates can be obtained according to the actual needs of engineering personnel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the influence of the cutting position and the sampling size on the residual stress can be accurately mastered, and the optimal testing size (the directions of a vertical welding line and a parallel welding line) of each testing sample can be obtained, so that the welding joint sampling and cutting method without influencing the distribution state of the residual stress is established.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the geometry of a welded joint cut specimen;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the maximum longitudinal residual stress of the specimen after longitudinal cutting as a function of the width of the specimen in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing normalized longitudinal residual stress (. sigma.) in example 1y/σ0) Followed byNormalized sample post transverse cut length (L/L)0) And (5) a variation graph.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments:
referring to fig. 1, a method for determining a cutting sample size of a welded joint based on residual stress distribution includes the following steps:
(1) determining the size and the direction of a welding joint:
setting the original length of a welding joint sample as L0Width of W0The thickness is T; the vertical weld direction represents the transverse direction, and the direction parallel to the weld direction represents the longitudinal direction;
(2) simulating welding residual stress distribution by adopting a sequential coupling method according to the welding process of an actual welding structure;
(3) testing the transverse and longitudinal residual stress of the surface of the welding joint by adopting a surface indentation method, comparing the tested transverse and longitudinal residual stress with the simulation result of the step (2), and verifying the reliability of the simulation method;
(4) based on reliable simulation results, extracting the longitudinal residual stress distribution of the middle position of the upper surface of the welding joint along the vertical welding seam path to obtain the maximum value sigma of the longitudinal residual stress of the welding joint before cutting0Width W of distribution of residual tensile stresst；
(5) Determining the longitudinal residual stress value after longitudinal cutting (parallel to the direction of the welding seam) according to the longitudinal residual stress distribution and the size, and setting the maximum longitudinal residual stress of the sample after cutting as sigmayOriginal longitudinal residual stress of σ0The calculation formula is as follows:
(6) on the basis that the maximum longitudinal stress after cutting is more than 90% of the original longitudinal stress (namely the residual stress release rate is within 10%), calculating the transverse dimension W of the cut sample according to the formula (1);
(7) let L be the longitudinal residual length of the sample after cutting, LrelaxIs the length of the weld of the zero-stress sample (release length for short))，LcharThe characteristic length is obtained, and the maximum longitudinal residual stress after transverse cutting (perpendicular to the direction of a welding seam) is as follows:
(8) the release length L is represented by the longitudinal tensile stress distribution width WtrelaxIf the thickness T of the sample is less than 20mm, the characteristic length is 3 times of the release length; if the thickness of the sample is more than 20mm and less than 50mm, the characteristic length is 2.8 times of the release length; if the thickness of the sample is more than 50mm and less than 100mm, the characteristic length is 2.2 times of the release length; if the thickness of the sample is more than 100mm, taking the characteristic length as 1.6 times of the release length;
(9) and (4) determining a rule according to the formula (2) and the characteristic length in the step (8) on the basis that the residual stress release rate is within 10%, and thus obtaining the longitudinal dimension L of the transversely cut sample.
From this, the cut size (the lateral width W of the longitudinally cut sample, the longitudinal length L of the transversely cut sample) based on the residual stress distribution based on the residual stress relaxation rate of 10% can be obtained.
And similarly, the cutting sizes of the samples under other residual stress release rates can be obtained according to the actual needs of engineering personnel.
Example 1:
taking the S350 steel pulse argon arc welding joint as an example, the length, the width and the height of the sample are respectively 500mm, 400mm and 4 mm. Firstly simulating the welding residual stress distribution, and then obtaining the maximum value of the longitudinal residual stress of 450MPa and the distribution width of the residual tensile stress of 33 mm.
The longitudinal residual stress release prediction curves obtained by the method of the invention under different transverse cutting sizes and longitudinal cutting sizes are shown in fig. 2 and 3. It is obvious from the figure that the residual stress release prediction curve has good consistency with the experimental result, and the method is proved to be capable of better predicting the change rule of the residual stress under different cutting sizes. According to fig. 2 and 3, the cut sizes of the welded joint specimens having a residual stress relief rate of 10% can be obtained as follows: the width of the specimen was 330mm, and the length of the specimen was 261 mm.
Example 2:
taking a 304 stainless steel weld joint as an example, the length, width and height of the test specimen were 750mm, 750mm and 25mm, respectively. Firstly simulating the welding residual stress distribution, and then obtaining that the maximum value of the longitudinal residual stress is 338MPa, and the distribution width of the residual tensile stress is 41 mm.
By utilizing the method, the cutting size of the welding joint sample with 10% of residual stress release rate is as follows: the width of the specimen is 410mm, and the length of the specimen is 305 mm.
Example 3:
taking the Q345R pressure vessel steel weld joint as an example, the length, width and height of the test specimen were 1000mm, 1000mm and 60mm, respectively. Firstly simulating the welding residual stress distribution, and then obtaining that the maximum value of the longitudinal residual stress is 362MPa and the distribution width of the residual tensile stress is 52 mm.
By utilizing the method, the cutting size of the welding joint sample with 10% of residual stress release rate is as follows: the width of the test piece is 520mm, and the length of the test piece is 315 mm.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for determining a cutting sampling size of a welding joint based on residual stress distribution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) determining the size and the direction of a welding joint:
setting the original length of a welding joint sample as L0Width of W0The thickness is T; the vertical weld direction represents the transverse direction, and the direction parallel to the weld direction represents the longitudinal direction;
(2) simulating welding residual stress distribution by adopting a sequential coupling method according to the welding process of an actual welding structure;
(3) testing the transverse and longitudinal residual stress of the surface of the welding joint by adopting a surface indentation method, comparing the tested transverse and longitudinal residual stress with the simulation result of the step (2), and verifying the reliability of the simulation method;
(4) based on reliable simulation results, extracting the longitudinal residual stress distribution of the middle position of the upper surface of the welding joint along the vertical welding seam path to obtain the maximum value sigma of the longitudinal residual stress of the welding joint before cutting0Width W of distribution of longitudinal residual tensile stresst；
(5) Determining the longitudinal residual stress value after longitudinal cutting according to the longitudinal residual stress distribution and the size, and setting the maximum longitudinal residual stress of the cut sample as sigmayOriginal longitudinal residual stress of σ0The calculation formula is as follows:
(6) obtaining the transverse dimension W of the cut sample according to a formula (1) on the basis of the residual stress release rate of the maximum longitudinal stress after cutting;
(7) let L be the remaining longitudinal length of the sample after cutting, LrelaxIs the zero stress specimen weld length, i.e. the relief length, LcharIs the characteristic length, and the maximum longitudinal residual stress after transverse cutting is as follows:
(8) the release length L is represented by the longitudinal tensile stress distribution width WtrelaxIf the thickness T of the sample is less than 20mm, the characteristic length is 3 times of the release length; if the thickness of the sample is more than 20mm and less than 50mm, the characteristic length is 2.8 times of the release length; if the thickness of the sample is more than 50mm and less than 100mm, the characteristic length is 2.2 times of the release length; if the thickness of the sample is more than 100mm, taking the characteristic length as 1.6 times of the release length;
(9) and (4) determining a rule according to the characteristic length in the formula (2) and the step (8) on the basis of the residual stress release rate, and thus obtaining the longitudinal dimension L of the transversely cut sample.
2. The method for determining the cutting sampling size of the welding joint based on the residual stress distribution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the residual stress relief rate in the step (6) and the step (9) is within 10%.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN112355451A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-02-12 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Welding method of mining round-link chain |
| CN114295260A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 福建省锅炉压力容器检验研究院 | Welding seam residual stress reliability simulation testing device |
| CN114323732A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 宝钢轧辊科技有限责任公司 | Method for sampling roller sample |
| CN115255509A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-01 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Sheet cutting device for representing residual stress inside sheet |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112355451A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-02-12 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Welding method of mining round-link chain |
| CN114323732A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 宝钢轧辊科技有限责任公司 | Method for sampling roller sample |
| CN114323732B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-04-28 | 宝钢轧辊科技有限责任公司 | Sampling method for roller sample |
| CN114295260A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 福建省锅炉压力容器检验研究院 | Welding seam residual stress reliability simulation testing device |
| CN114295260B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2024-03-26 | 福建省锅炉压力容器检验研究院 | Weld joint residual stress reliability simulation test device |
| CN115255509A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-01 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Sheet cutting device for representing residual stress inside sheet |
| CN115255509B (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-24 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Sheet cutting device for representing residual stress inside sheet |
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