CN111307309A - Temperature sensor, composite piezoelectric sensor and axle box or bearing saddle - Google Patents
Temperature sensor, composite piezoelectric sensor and axle box or bearing saddle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111307309A CN111307309A CN201811511261.4A CN201811511261A CN111307309A CN 111307309 A CN111307309 A CN 111307309A CN 201811511261 A CN201811511261 A CN 201811511261A CN 111307309 A CN111307309 A CN 111307309A
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- Prior art keywords
- temperature sensor
- groove
- metal
- base body
- sensor according
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F15/00—Axle-boxes
- B61F15/20—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
- G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
- G01H11/08—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means using piezoelectric devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
- G01M13/045—Acoustic or vibration analysis
Abstract
The invention relates to a temperature sensor, a composite piezoelectric sensor and an axle box or a bearing saddle. The temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of an object to be measured and includes: the head of the base body is provided with an external thread which is used for being screwed with the internal thread of the object to be measured, and the top end part of the base body is provided with a groove; the metal pressing block is arranged in the groove; and the first elastic element is positioned between the bottom wall of the groove of the base body and the metal pressing block and can be compressed along the axial direction of the base body, and the metal pressing block is ensured to protrude out of the base body so as to be contacted with the object to be detected. According to the temperature sensor, the metal pressing block is automatically pressed on the object to be measured and the substrate of the sensor by virtue of the first elastic element, so that heat is transmitted through a metal material in time, and measurement hysteresis and inaccuracy caused by heat transmission of air can be effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a temperature sensor, a composite piezoelectric sensor and an axle box or a bearing saddle for a rail vehicle.
Background
The combined type piezoelectric sensor applied to the high-speed rail locomotive at present is fixed on an axle box through threaded connection, and the temperature and vibration signals of the axle box can be simultaneously acquired by utilizing a measuring probe so as to be used for detecting the temperature and vibration states of the axle box and a bearing. Whether the temperature sensor can timely and accurately reflect the actual temperature of the measuring point plays an important role in monitoring the state of the bearing. Compared with a single sensor, the composite piezoelectric sensor has stronger functions, higher integration level and convenient installation, but has relatively complex structure, and in the process of monitoring the temperature, the temperature sensor is found to have certain hysteresis compared with the actual temperature of a measuring point, for example, the measured temperature of the sensor can be lagged by 5 to more than ten minutes compared with the actual temperature of the measuring point.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned known drawbacks, and a primary object of the present invention is to provide a temperature sensor, a composite piezoelectric sensor including the temperature sensor, and an axle box or saddle for a rail vehicle, which are effective in reducing measurement hysteresis and inaccuracy due to heat transfer from air.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of an object to be measured, the temperature sensor including:
-a base body, the head of which is formed with an external thread for engaging with an internal thread of the object to be measured
A groove is formed at the front end of the base body;
-at least one metal compact, said metal compact being located within said groove; and
-a first elastic element located at the bottom wall of the recess of the base body and at the bottom wall of the recess of the base body
The metal pressing blocks are compressed along the axial direction of the matrix and can be guaranteed to protrude
And the substrate is contacted with the object to be measured.
In at least one embodiment, the temperature sensor further comprises a second resilient element that presses the metal compact against the side wall of the recess to maintain contact therebetween.
In at least one embodiment, the second resilient element is located between a side wall of the recess of the substrate and the metal compact.
In at least one embodiment, the temperature sensor comprises at least two of the metal compacts, the second resilient element being located between the at least two metal compacts.
In at least one embodiment, the bottom of the metal compact is formed with a groove for receiving and/or retaining the first resilient element.
In at least one embodiment, the first resilient element is a coil spring or a diaphragm spring; and/or the second elastic element is a coil spring or a leaf spring.
In at least one embodiment, the recess is adapted to the shape of the contact surface of the metal compact.
In at least one embodiment, two ends of the first elastic element are respectively connected with the bottom wall of the groove and the metal pressing block.
According to another aspect of the invention, a composite piezoelectric sensor is provided having a temperature sensor according to the invention.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided an axle box or a bearing adapter for a rail vehicle, in which a sensor mounting hole is formed, and a temperature sensor and/or a composite piezoelectric sensor according to the present invention is mounted to the sensor mounting hole, wherein the metal compact abuts against a bottom wall of the sensor mounting hole.
According to the temperature sensor, the metal pressing block is automatically pressed on the object to be measured and the substrate of the sensor by virtue of the first elastic element, so that heat is transmitted through a metal material in time, and measurement hysteresis and inaccuracy caused by heat transmission of air can be effectively avoided. The temperature sensor is simple in structure, convenient to install and easy to disassemble.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a temperature sensor of the prior art.
FIG. 2 illustrates an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a temperature sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1 a substrate of a temperature sensor; 2 bottom spring (first elastic element); 3 an intermediate spring (second elastic element); 4, metal briquetting;
41 a tip end portion of the metal compact; 42 the bottom of the metal compact;
10 a circuit board; 20 probe points of the temperature sensor;
c, a gap between the tail end of the base body of the temperature sensor and the bottom wall of the threaded hole of the axle box;
b, a gap between the bottom surface of the metal pressing block and the bottom wall of the groove of the substrate of the temperature sensor;
h the height of the metal pressing block protruding out of the base body of the temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description is intended only to teach one skilled in the art how to practice the invention, and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of the invention.
There are many reasons for the hysteresis of the temperature sensor compared to the actual temperature of the measured point, one of the important reasons being as follows.
Fig. 1 shows a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a temperature sensor in the prior art. It can be seen from fig. 1 that the head of the base body of the temperature sensor is formed with an external thread for cooperation with an internal thread of the threaded bore of the axle housing. When the temperature sensor is screwed to the axle box, a gap c is more or less present between the end surface of the head and the bottom wall of the threaded hole of the axle box (as an example of an object to be measured). As is well known, air is a poor conductor of temperature or heat, and thus heat exchange between the object to be measured and the temperature sensor is not well performed due to the existence of the gap c, so that the probe point 20 located in the head of the temperature sensor cannot measure the temperature of the object to be measured very accurately and in time. Wherein the temperature signal measured by the probe point 20 is transmitted to a data processor or a display device, not shown, through the wiring board 10 by wire or wirelessly.
For the hysteresis, many temperature compensation methods are known. The inventors believe that the most effective way is to reduce hysteresis mechanically.
Fig. 2 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a head of a temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. In order to eliminate the clearance c, the head of the temperature sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 2, and the tip end portion of the base body 1 has a recess in which the metal compact 4 is accommodated. The tip portion 41 of the metal compact 4 always protrudes from the base 1, and the bottom portion 42 of the metal compact 4 on the side opposite to the tip portion 41 is formed with a groove for accommodating the bottom spring 2, and the bottom spring 2 applies an elastic urging force to the metal compact 4 in the axial direction (up-down direction in the drawing) of the base 1. In addition, a middle spring 3 is arranged and used for pressing the metal pressing block 4 to the side wall of the groove of the base body 1, and the metal pressing block 4 is always attached to the side wall of the groove of the base body 1, so that heat is guaranteed to be rapidly transmitted to the base body 1 through the metal pressing block 4, and the temperature sensor probe is provided with an unillustrated detection point.
The bottom spring 2 and the metal pressing block 4 are arranged in this way: even if the temperature sensor is screwed to the bottom, the metal pressing block 4 still protrudes from the groove of the base body 1, namely h is always ensured to be more than 0; and the end surface of the bottom 42 of the metal compact 4 is not contacted with the bottom wall of the groove of the base body 1 under the action of the bottom spring 2. In the figure b shows the gap between the bottom of the groove of the metal compact 4 and the bottom wall of the groove of the base body 1, which is also the length of the bottom spring 2 in the present state, the bottom spring 2 can be in a free state or in a compressed state, but does not reach the minimum length to which it can be compressed, i.e. b > the minimum length to which the bottom spring 2 can be compressed. In other words, the bottom spring is always in a state of not being completely compressed
The intermediate spring 3 presses the metal pressing block 4 against the side wall of the groove of the base body 1, which (as described above) ensures heat transfer between the metal pressing block 4 and the side wall of the groove of the base body 1, and on the other hand also achieves automatic pressing of the metal pressing block 4 against the side wall of the groove of the base body 1, thereby ensuring that the metal pressing block 4 does not fall out of the groove. Illustratively, 2 symmetrical metal compacts 4 may be provided, which have a shape corresponding to the shape of the groove of the substrate 1, for example, if the groove of the substrate 1 is square, the metal compacts 4 have two half-squares, and if the groove of the substrate 1 has a cylindrical shape, the metal compacts have two half-cylinders. The shape of the groove is matched with that of the contact surface of the metal pressing block. In the figure, 2 intermediate springs 3 are provided, but other numbers of intermediate springs 3 may be provided.
Depending on the desired heat transfer effect, metal compacts 4 having different heat transfer coefficients may be selected.
The scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific examples described in the above-described embodiments, but falls within the scope of the present invention as long as the combinations of the technical features of the claims of the present invention are satisfied.
(1) It is to be understood that the number of the metal compacts 4 is not limited to two, but may be one or three or more. For example, in the case where there is one metal compact 4, the intermediate spring 3 may be provided between the side wall of the groove of the base body 1 of the temperature sensor and the metal compact 4.
(2) The number of the intermediate springs 3 is not limited to two, but may be one or three or more. The intermediate spring 3 may be a coil spring, a plate spring, or the like. For example, in the case where the intermediate spring 3 is one, the intermediate spring 3 may be a plate spring. In addition, the middle spring 3 is only an example of the second elastic member of the present invention, and other elastic members may be used to ensure contact between the metal compact 4 and the side wall of the groove.
(3) The number of the bottom springs 2 may be one or more. For example, in the case where the bottom spring 2 is one, the bottom spring 2 may be a coil spring, a diaphragm spring, or the like. In addition, the bottom spring 2 is merely an example of the first elastic element of the present invention, and other elastic elements may be used to ensure that the metal compact 4 protrudes from the tip end portion of the base 1.
The two ends of the bottom spring 2 can be respectively connected with the bottom wall of the groove and the metal pressing block 4, and the connection mode can be welding, clamping and the like. This can further prevent the metal compact 4 from falling off the groove.
(4) It will be appreciated that a groove in the bottom of the metal compact 4 is not essential. The groove may be omitted or a groove for receiving and/or retaining the bottom spring 2 may be added to the bottom wall of the recess of the base body 1.
(5) In addition to preventing the metal compact 4 from falling down by the pressure of the intermediate spring 3, a step, a ridge, a ring groove, or other engaging structure may be provided on the side wall of the groove of the base 1 of the temperature sensor and the outer peripheral surface of the metal compact 4.
The two ends of the middle spring 3 may also be connected to the side walls of the groove and the metal compacts 4, respectively, or to both metal compacts 4, respectively. This facilitates the placement of the metal compact 4 and the intermediate spring 3 together in the recess of the base body 1, which prevents undesired displacement of the intermediate spring 3 relative to the metal compact 4.
(6) It should be understood that the temperature sensor of the present invention and the composite piezoelectric sensor incorporating the same are not limited to being mounted to an axle housing or adapter for measuring the temperature or temperature and vibration of the axle housing or adapter and bearing.
Claims (10)
1. A temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of an object to be measured, the temperature sensor comprising:
-a base body, a head of which is formed with an external thread for screwing with an internal thread of the object to be measured, and a tip end portion of which is formed with a groove;
-at least one metal compact, said metal compact being located within said groove; and
-a first elastic element, which is located between the bottom wall of the groove of the base body and the metal compact and is compressible in the axial direction of the base body and ensures that the metal compact protrudes from the base body for contact with the object to be measured.
2. The temperature sensor according to claim 1, further comprising a second resilient member that presses the metal compact against the side wall of the recess to maintain contact therebetween.
3. The temperature sensor according to claim 2, wherein the second elastic member is located between a side wall of the groove of the base and the metal compact.
4. The temperature sensor according to claim 2, wherein the temperature sensor comprises at least two of the metal compacts, the second elastic element being located between the at least two metal compacts.
5. A temperature sensor according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the metal compact is formed with a groove for receiving and/or retaining the first resilient element.
6. The temperature sensor according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the first elastic element is a coil spring or a diaphragm spring; and/or
The second elastic element is a spiral spring or a plate spring.
7. A temperature sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the recess is adapted to the shape of the contact surface of the metal compact.
8. The temperature sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein both ends of the first elastic member are connected to the bottom wall of the groove and the metal compact, respectively.
9. A composite piezoelectric sensor having a temperature sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An axle box or a bearing adapter for a rail vehicle,
a sensor mounting hole to which the temperature sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and/or the composite piezoelectric sensor according to claim 9 is mounted is formed in the axle box or the bearing adapter,
and the metal pressing block is abutted against the bottom wall of the sensor mounting hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811511261.4A CN111307309A (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | Temperature sensor, composite piezoelectric sensor and axle box or bearing saddle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811511261.4A CN111307309A (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | Temperature sensor, composite piezoelectric sensor and axle box or bearing saddle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111307309A true CN111307309A (en) | 2020-06-19 |
Family
ID=71150454
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811511261.4A Pending CN111307309A (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | Temperature sensor, composite piezoelectric sensor and axle box or bearing saddle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111307309A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101929894A (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-12-29 | 张华文 | Heat probe |
| CN105973486A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-28 | 武汉航空仪表有限责任公司 | High-speed response temperature probe and measuring method thereof |
| CN106994880A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2017-08-01 | 福特全球技术公司 | A kind of temperature sensor of evaporator for air conditioning system for motor vehicle |
| WO2017221703A1 (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-12-28 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | Temperature detection module |
| CN107921977A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2018-04-17 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | The axle box device and temperature-detecting device with temperature sensor unit of railcar bogie |
-
2018
- 2018-12-11 CN CN201811511261.4A patent/CN111307309A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101929894A (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-12-29 | 张华文 | Heat probe |
| CN107921977A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2018-04-17 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | The axle box device and temperature-detecting device with temperature sensor unit of railcar bogie |
| CN106994880A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2017-08-01 | 福特全球技术公司 | A kind of temperature sensor of evaporator for air conditioning system for motor vehicle |
| CN105973486A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-28 | 武汉航空仪表有限责任公司 | High-speed response temperature probe and measuring method thereof |
| WO2017221703A1 (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-12-28 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | Temperature detection module |
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