CN111303928A - Micro-negative pressure cracking system and cracking method for rubber thermal cycle heating - Google Patents

Micro-negative pressure cracking system and cracking method for rubber thermal cycle heating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111303928A
CN111303928A CN202010234415.0A CN202010234415A CN111303928A CN 111303928 A CN111303928 A CN 111303928A CN 202010234415 A CN202010234415 A CN 202010234415A CN 111303928 A CN111303928 A CN 111303928A
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gas
cracking
rubber
cracking furnace
oil
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高玉斌
王智俊
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Anhui Kelin Taiyou Renewable Resources Technology Co ltd
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Anhui Kelin Taiyou Renewable Resources Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/10Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
    • C08J11/12Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by dry-heat treatment only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1003Waste materials
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rubber thermal cycle heating micro-negative pressure cracking system and a cracking method, which comprises a tire rubber pretreatment system, a cracking furnace, a nitrogen supplementing system, a solid product discharging system and a thermal cycle system, wherein a catalyst is sprayed on crushed rubber blocks through the tire rubber pretreatment system, the nitrogen supplementing system is used for supplementing nitrogen into the cracking furnace and adjusting air pressure, the thermal cycle system comprises an oil-gas separation device, a gas purification device and a gas heat supply device, the bottom of the cracking furnace is connected with the air inlet end of the oil-gas separation device, the oil-gas separation device is connected with the gas purification device, the gas purification device is connected with the gas heat supply device, and the air outlet end of the gas heat supply device is connected with the cracking furnace. The nitrogen is used as a gas medium to provide cracking heat, the whole cracking treatment process is in an anaerobic state, the safety of the cracking process is improved, the generation of toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin in the cracking process is completely stopped by the anaerobic state, and the quality of a cracking product is ensured.

Description

Micro-negative pressure cracking system and cracking method for rubber thermal cycle heating
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste tire treatment, in particular to a micro-negative pressure cracking system and a cracking method for rubber thermal cycle heating.
Background
Along with the improvement of the living standard of people, more and more families or individuals buy automobiles, the using amount of the automobiles is increased year by year, meanwhile, the scrapping amount of the automobiles is increased year by year, corresponding waste tires are also generated in large quantity, the tires are mainly made of rubber, if the tires are directly discarded, on one hand, the rubber material is difficult to degrade, and great harm is caused to the environment, on the other hand, the production of the natural rubber is increasingly restricted by forest resources, and the development requirements of the existing industry cannot be met. Therefore, at present, the waste tires are mostly crushed and cracked.
Thermal cracking means cracking by heating in the presence of a catalyst, the thermal cracking temperature can reach 750 ℃ at most, and the tire thermal cracking process needs to consume a large amount of heat energy. The traditional incineration and pyrolysis are oxidation and high-temperature processes, the heat transfer is slow, the uniformity is poor, long time is needed for complete pyrolysis, and the pyrolysis time efficiency is low. Meanwhile, on one hand, the high temperature required by cracking is maintained, on the other hand, in the cracking process, the time is long, the oxygen content in the pyrolysis system cannot be controlled intentionally, under the condition of high temperature of pyrolysis, a small amount of oxygen is easy to carry out secondary reaction with primary oil gas generated in the process of tire pyrolysis, complex byproduct compounds are produced, meanwhile, pollutants such as dioxin and the like are generated at a certain risk, the application of cracking products is influenced, the use value of the products is reduced, and meanwhile, great pressure is brought to the tail gas treatment of the cracking system.
Description of the invention
The invention aims to provide a micro-negative pressure cracking method for rubber thermal cycle heating, which realizes controllability of a cracking process of waste tires, improves cracking efficiency and avoids generation of harmful and toxic gases.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a micro-negative pressure cracking method for rubber by thermal cycle heating comprises the following steps:
1) crushing tire rubber into blocks, conveying the blocks to a tire rubber pretreatment system, preheating the crushed rubber blocks by the tire rubber pretreatment system, spraying a catalyst, and stirring and mixing;
2) conveying the tire rubber block pretreated in the step 1) into a cracking furnace, and keeping an anaerobic environment in the cracking furnace through a nitrogen supplementing system before the tire rubber block is conveyed into the cracking furnace;
3) introducing heated nitrogen gas into the cracking furnace, continuously keeping the cracking furnace in a micro-negative pressure or normal pressure state through a nitrogen supplementing system, heating the nitrogen gas to 350-700 ℃ by adopting gas heating equipment, and carrying out cracking reaction treatment to obtain a solid product and an oil-gas mixed product;
4) collecting the solid product through a solid product discharging system, separating the oil-gas mixed product obtained in the step 3) through oil-gas separation equipment to remove pyrolysis oil, and treating the deoiled gas through gas purification equipment;
5) and introducing the purified gas into the gas heating equipment, reheating to 350-700 ℃, and introducing into the cracking furnace again for cyclic cracking of the rubber blocks.
Further, the rubber block is preheated by the tire rubber pretreatment system, wherein the preheating is to preheat the rubber block to 100-400 ℃.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a micro-negative pressure cracking system for rubber thermal cycle heating used in the above cracking method, which comprises a tire rubber pretreatment system, a cracking furnace, a nitrogen supplement system, a solid product discharge system and a thermal cycle system, wherein the tire rubber pretreatment system sprays a catalyst on the crushed rubber blocks, stirs and mixes the crushed rubber blocks, the nitrogen supplement system is used for supplementing nitrogen into the cracking furnace and adjusting the air pressure in the cracking furnace, the nitrogen supplement system comprises a gas storage tank and an air extraction device connected with the cracking furnace, the thermal cycle system comprises an oil-gas separation device, a gas purification device and a gas heat supply device, the bottom of the cracking furnace is connected with the gas inlet end of the oil-gas separation device through an oil-gas output pipeline, the gas outlet end of the oil-gas separation device is connected with the gas inlet end of the gas purification device, the gas outlet end of the gas purification equipment is connected with the gas inlet end of the gas heat supply equipment, and the gas outlet end of the gas heat supply equipment is connected with the cracking furnace.
Furthermore, two air outlets are formed in the air storage tank, one air outlet is directly connected with the air inlet in the cracking furnace, and the other air outlet is connected with the air inlet end of the gas heat supply equipment.
Furthermore, two air outlets of the air storage tank are respectively provided with a one-way air inlet valve.
Further, tire rubber pretreatment system includes pretreatment tank, heating jacket and catalyst jar, the discharge gate of pretreatment tank with the feed inlet of pyrolysis furnace is connected, through the catalyst jar to the rubber piece spraying catalyst of pretreatment tank inside.
Further, the air extraction equipment is connected with an air outlet at the bottom of the cracking furnace.
Further, the solid product discharging system is connected with the discharging end of the cracking furnace.
Further, a pyrolysis oil discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the oil-gas separation equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the tire rubber block is preheated by the pretreatment tank, and then the catalyst is sprayed, and is stirred and mixed to be uniformly attached to the surface of the rubber block, so that the subsequent cracking process is facilitated, and the cracking efficiency is improved;
2. the micro negative pressure or normal pressure state maintained in the cracking process is maintained through a nitrogen supplementing system, and the whole cracking treatment process is in an anaerobic state under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, so that the safety of the cracking process is improved, the generation of toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin and the like in the cracking process is completely stopped in the anaerobic state, and the quality of a cracking product is ensured;
3. according to the invention, the supplemented nitrogen is recycled as a gas medium to provide cracking heat for the cracking furnace, the rubber blocks can be fully heated under the action of nitrogen airflow, the utilization rate of a heat source is improved, the cracking efficiency is further improved, the energy consumption source for the operation of the whole system is less, and the energy loss is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rubber thermal cycle heating micro-negative pressure cracking system of the present invention.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-tire rubber pretreatment system, 2-cracking furnace, 3-nitrogen supplement system, 4-solid product discharge system, 5-heat cycle system, 101-pretreatment tank, 102-heating jacket, 103-catalyst tank, 201-oil gas output pipeline, 202-air inlet, 203-discharge end, 301-air storage tank, 302-air extraction equipment, 501-oil gas separation equipment, 502-gas purification equipment, 503-gas heat supply equipment and 5011-cracked oil discharge port.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present patent, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present patent and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
A micro-negative pressure cracking system for rubber thermal cycle heating comprises a tire rubber pretreatment system 1, a cracking furnace 2, a nitrogen supplement system 3, a solid product discharge system 4 and a thermal cycle system 5, wherein a catalyst is sprayed on crushed rubber blocks through the tire rubber pretreatment system 1 and is stirred and mixed, the nitrogen supplement system 3 is used for supplementing nitrogen into the cracking furnace 2 and adjusting the air pressure in the cracking furnace 2, the nitrogen supplement system 3 comprises a gas storage tank 301 and an air extraction device 302 which are connected with the cracking furnace 2, the thermal cycle system 5 comprises an oil-gas separation device 501, a gas purification device 502 and a gas heating device 503, the bottom of the cracking furnace 2 is connected with the gas inlet end of the oil-gas separation device 501 through an oil-gas output pipeline 201, and the gas outlet end of the oil-gas separation device 501 is connected with the gas inlet end of the gas purification device 502, the gas outlet end of the gas purification device 502 is connected with the gas inlet end of the gas heat supply device 503, and the gas outlet end of the gas heat supply device 503 is connected with the cracking furnace 2.
Under the action of the nitrogen supplementing system 3, the whole cracking process is in an anaerobic state, and meanwhile, the temperature and the air pressure in the cracking furnace are controlled, so that the waste rubber is efficiently cracked; oil gas generated in the cracking process is subjected to separation and purification treatment, nitrogen is recycled and reused, and is used as a heating medium to be charged into the cracking furnace 2 again, so that the rubber block can be fully heated under the action of nitrogen airflow, the utilization rate of a heat source is improved, and the energy loss is reduced.
In a technical solution of the present invention, the gas storage tank 301 is provided with two gas outlets, wherein one gas outlet is directly connected to the gas inlet 202 of the cracking furnace 2, and the other gas outlet is connected to the gas inlet end of the gas heating apparatus 503.
Wherein, two air outlets of the air storage tank 301 are provided with one-way air inlet valves.
Before the cracking furnace is used, nitrogen can be filled into the cracking furnace through one of the air outlets, so that the interior of the cracking furnace is kept in an oxygen-free state, and the safety of the cracking process and the quality of products after cracking are ensured. In the cracking process, nitrogen can be supplemented into the cracking furnace through the gas outlet connected with the gas inlet end of the gas heating device 503, and the micro-negative pressure or normal pressure state in the cracking furnace is maintained.
In this embodiment, the tire rubber pretreatment system 1 includes a pretreatment tank 101, a heating jacket 102 and a catalyst tank 103, wherein a discharge port of the pretreatment tank 101 is connected with a feed port of the cracking furnace 2, and a catalyst is sprayed to a rubber block inside the pretreatment tank 101 through the catalyst tank 103.
Spraying the catalyst after preheating the tire rubber block through the pretreatment tank 101, mixing through stirring to make the catalyst evenly attach on the rubber block surface, being favorable to subsequent cracking process, improving cracking efficiency.
Further, the air extraction device 302 is connected with an air outlet at the bottom of the cracking furnace 2. Air in the cracking furnace at the beginning stage is exhausted through the air extraction device 302, so that the interior of the cracking furnace is ensured to be in an anaerobic state.
Further, the solid product discharge system 4 is connected to the discharge end 203 of the cracking furnace 2.
Further, a pyrolysis oil discharge port 5011 is arranged at the bottom of the oil-gas separation device 501.
The micro negative pressure or normal pressure state maintained in the cracking process is maintained through a nitrogen supplementing system, and the whole cracking treatment process is in an anaerobic state under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, so that the safety of the cracking process is improved, the generation of toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin and the like in the cracking process is completely stopped in the anaerobic state, and the quality of a cracking product is ensured;
according to the invention, the supplemented nitrogen is recycled as a gas medium to provide cracking heat for the cracking furnace, the rubber blocks can be fully heated under the action of nitrogen airflow, the utilization rate of a heat source is improved, the cracking efficiency is further improved, the energy consumption source for the operation of the whole system is less, and the energy loss is greatly reduced.
In the description of this patent, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for the convenience of describing the patent and for simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the patent.

Claims (9)

1. A micro negative pressure cracking method for rubber thermal cycle heating is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing tire rubber into blocks, conveying the blocks to a tire rubber pretreatment system, preheating the crushed rubber blocks by the tire rubber pretreatment system, spraying a catalyst, and stirring and mixing;
2) conveying the tire rubber block pretreated in the step 1) into a cracking furnace, and keeping an anaerobic environment in the cracking furnace through a nitrogen supplementing system before the tire rubber block is conveyed into the cracking furnace;
3) introducing heated nitrogen gas into the cracking furnace, continuously keeping the cracking furnace in a micro-negative pressure or normal pressure state through a nitrogen supplementing system, heating the nitrogen gas to 350-700 ℃ by adopting gas heating equipment, and carrying out cracking reaction treatment to obtain a solid product and an oil-gas mixed product;
4) collecting the solid product through a solid product discharging system, separating the oil-gas mixed product obtained in the step 3) through oil-gas separation equipment to remove pyrolysis oil, and treating the deoiled gas through gas purification equipment;
5) and introducing the purified gas into the gas heating equipment, reheating to 350-700 ℃, and introducing into the cracking furnace again for cyclic cracking of the rubber blocks.
2. The micro-negative pressure cracking method of rubber thermal cycle heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rubber block is preheated by the tire rubber pretreatment system, wherein the preheating is to preheat the rubber block to 100-400 ℃.
3. A micro negative pressure cracking system for rubber thermal cycle heating of the cracking method of claim 1, which comprises a tire rubber pretreatment system, a cracking furnace, a nitrogen supplement system, a solid product discharge system and a thermal cycle system, wherein the tire rubber pretreatment system sprays a catalyst on the crushed rubber blocks and stirs and mixes the crushed rubber blocks, the nitrogen supplement system is used for supplementing nitrogen into the cracking furnace and adjusting the air pressure in the cracking furnace, the nitrogen supplement system comprises a gas storage tank and an air extraction device which are connected with the cracking furnace, the thermal cycle system comprises an oil-gas separation device, a gas purification device and a gas heat supply device, the bottom of the cracking furnace is connected with the gas inlet end of the oil-gas separation device through an oil-gas output pipeline, the gas outlet end of the oil-gas separation device is connected with the gas inlet end of the gas purification device, the gas outlet end of the gas purification equipment is connected with the gas inlet end of the gas heat supply equipment, and the gas outlet end of the gas heat supply equipment is connected with the cracking furnace.
4. The micro-negative pressure cracking system of claim 3, wherein the gas storage tank is provided with two gas outlets, one of the gas outlets is directly connected to the gas inlet of the cracking furnace, and the other gas outlet is connected to the gas inlet of the gas heating device.
5. The rubber thermal cycle heating micro-negative pressure cracking system of claim 4, wherein one-way air inlet valves are arranged at two air outlets of the air storage tank.
6. The rubber thermal cycle heating micro-negative pressure cracking system of claim 3, wherein the tire rubber pretreatment system comprises a pretreatment tank, a heating jacket and a catalyst tank, a discharge port of the pretreatment tank is connected with a feed port of the cracking furnace, and a catalyst is sprayed to the rubber blocks in the pretreatment tank through the catalyst tank.
7. The rubber thermal cycle heating micro-negative pressure cracking system of claim 3, wherein the air extraction device is connected with the air outlet at the bottom of the cracking furnace.
8. The rubber thermal cycle heating micro-negative pressure cracking system of claim 3, wherein the solid product discharge system is connected with the discharge end of the cracking furnace.
9. The rubber thermal cycle heating micro-negative pressure cracking system of claim 3, wherein a cracked oil discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the oil-gas separation equipment.
CN202010234415.0A 2020-03-30 2020-03-30 Micro-negative pressure cracking system and cracking method for rubber thermal cycle heating Pending CN111303928A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112246832A (en) * 2020-09-28 2021-01-22 威尔能环保科技(苏州)有限公司 Battery material processing system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105733644A (en) * 2016-03-14 2016-07-06 四川宏图普新微波科技有限公司 Tire rubber pyrolysis method combining pyrolysis gas circulation heating and microwaves
CN106350092A (en) * 2016-10-10 2017-01-25 格林美(武汉)城市矿产循环产业园开发有限公司 Method for catalyzing and thermally cracking automobile waste tires at low temperature into gas and oil
CN108384564A (en) * 2018-03-16 2018-08-10 商丘中清环保科技有限公司 Waste old, plastics low temperature tiny structure cleavage method
CN211972228U (en) * 2020-03-30 2020-11-20 安徽省克林泰迩再生资源科技有限公司 Micro-negative pressure cracking system for rubber thermal cycle heating

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105733644A (en) * 2016-03-14 2016-07-06 四川宏图普新微波科技有限公司 Tire rubber pyrolysis method combining pyrolysis gas circulation heating and microwaves
CN106350092A (en) * 2016-10-10 2017-01-25 格林美(武汉)城市矿产循环产业园开发有限公司 Method for catalyzing and thermally cracking automobile waste tires at low temperature into gas and oil
CN108384564A (en) * 2018-03-16 2018-08-10 商丘中清环保科技有限公司 Waste old, plastics low temperature tiny structure cleavage method
CN211972228U (en) * 2020-03-30 2020-11-20 安徽省克林泰迩再生资源科技有限公司 Micro-negative pressure cracking system for rubber thermal cycle heating

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112246832A (en) * 2020-09-28 2021-01-22 威尔能环保科技(苏州)有限公司 Battery material processing system

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