CN111303887A - A kind of soil conditioner prepared by utilizing calcium silicate board waste and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of soil conditioner prepared by utilizing calcium silicate board waste and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111303887A
CN111303887A CN202010197639.9A CN202010197639A CN111303887A CN 111303887 A CN111303887 A CN 111303887A CN 202010197639 A CN202010197639 A CN 202010197639A CN 111303887 A CN111303887 A CN 111303887A
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calcium silicate
silicate board
parts
powder
soil conditioner
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任子杰
王康
高惠民
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/02Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
    • C09K17/06Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂,包括如下重量份的组分:硅酸钙板颗粒5~50份,陶粒50~95份,所述陶粒由如下重量份的组分制备得到:硅酸钙板粉末70~90份和粘结剂10~30份;其中所述硅酸钙板颗粒的粒径大于100目小于20目,所述硅酸钙板粉末的粒径小于100目。本发明中提供的土壤改良剂以硅酸钙板为主要原料,硅酸钙板具有吸附性强、比重低和孔隙多的特点,其可以吸附土壤中植被所需的有用元素和水分,防止有用元素和水分的流失,提高土壤保肥能力和持水能力。本发明还提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备土壤改良剂的方法。

Figure 202010197639

The invention discloses a soil conditioner prepared by using calcium silicate board waste, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5-50 parts of calcium silicate board particles, 50-95 parts of ceramsite, and the ceramsite is composed of the following The components in parts by weight are prepared: 70-90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of binder; wherein the particle size of the calcium silicate board particles is greater than 100 meshes and less than 20 meshes, and the calcium silicate board particles are The particle size of the powder is less than 100 mesh. The soil conditioner provided in the present invention uses calcium silicate board as the main raw material, and the calcium silicate board has the characteristics of strong adsorption, low specific gravity and many pores, which can absorb the useful elements and water required by vegetation in the soil, prevent useful The loss of elements and water improves soil fertility and water holding capacity. The present invention also provides a method for preparing soil conditioner by utilizing calcium silicate board waste.

Figure 202010197639

Description

一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂及其制备方法A kind of soil conditioner prepared by utilizing calcium silicate board waste and preparation method thereof

技术领域technical field

本发明属于废弃材料再利用技术领域,具体涉及一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of waste material recycling, and in particular relates to a soil conditioner prepared by using calcium silicate board waste and a preparation method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

硅酸钙板是以硅质原料(粉煤灰、硅藻土、粉石英)和钙质原料(石灰、电石泥等)为原料,通过添加增强纤维(如石棉、玻璃纤维等),经过制浆、成型、预养护、蒸压养护、烘干、切割、砂光等工序制成的板材。硅酸钙板具有高强度、隔热、防火、防潮、不易变形、寿命长、无有毒有害化学成分等特点,适用于墙体、吊顶、地板、家具、道路隔声、吸声屏障、船舶隔舱和风道等工业用板及吸声墙、吸声顶棚、浇筑墙体、复合墙板的面板等领域。Calcium silicate board is made of siliceous raw materials (fly ash, diatomite, powder quartz) and calcareous raw materials (lime, calcium carbide mud, etc.), and is made by adding reinforcing fibers (such as asbestos, glass fibers, etc.). Sheets made from pulping, forming, pre-curing, autoclaving, drying, cutting, sanding and other processes. Calcium silicate board has the characteristics of high strength, heat insulation, fire prevention, moisture resistance, not easy to deform, long life, no toxic and harmful chemical components, etc. It is suitable for walls, ceilings, floors, furniture, road sound insulation, sound absorption barriers, ship insulation Industrial panels such as cabins and air ducts, as well as sound-absorbing walls, sound-absorbing ceilings, pouring walls, panels of composite wall panels, etc.

随着建筑工业化和住宅产业化进程的加快,根据国家节能减排以及绿色环保的政策要求,硅酸钙板作为新型墙体材料的大量应用将成为趋势。硅酸钙板在大量生产的同时,会产生大量的废弃物,如硅酸钙板的残次品、抛光粉以及边角料等。若硅酸钙板废弃物得不到妥善的处理,会污染环境,而单独处理这些废弃物成本较高,如何有效处理硅酸钙板废弃物,是目前亟需解决的问题。With the acceleration of construction industrialization and residential industrialization, according to the national policy requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction and green environmental protection, the large-scale application of calcium silicate board as a new wall material will become a trend. When the calcium silicate board is produced in large quantities, a large amount of waste will be generated, such as the defective products of the calcium silicate board, polishing powder and leftovers. If the calcium silicate board waste is not properly treated, it will pollute the environment, and the cost of dealing with these wastes alone is high. How to effectively deal with the calcium silicate board waste is an urgent problem to be solved at present.

我国作为农业大国,土地资源不容乐观,一方面城镇化的发展占用了大量的优良耕地,另一方面水土流失不断加剧造成土地退化而不再适合农作物生长,再加上人们不合理的耕作、连作以及过度使用化肥、农药,造成土壤退化日益严重,土壤肥力下降,生产力降低。土壤问题的日益严峻促使了土壤改良剂的发展,土壤改良剂的使用对土壤改良有了显著的效果,但由于目前大部分土壤改良剂成本高、用量大、作用单一,无法大面积推广,因此,研发低成本、作用多的土壤改良剂意义重大。As a big agricultural country, my country's land resources are not optimistic. On the one hand, the development of urbanization has occupied a large amount of good cultivated land. On the other hand, the continuous increase of soil erosion has caused land degradation and is no longer suitable for crop growth. As well as the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, soil degradation has become increasingly serious, soil fertility has declined, and productivity has decreased. The increasingly serious soil problems have prompted the development of soil amendments. The use of soil amendments has a significant effect on soil improvement. However, due to the high cost, large dosage and single effect of most soil amendments, they cannot be widely promoted. , It is of great significance to develop low-cost, multi-function soil conditioners.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的在于克服上述技术不足,提出一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂,该土壤改良剂有效的利用了废弃的硅酸钙板,制得的土壤改良剂能提高土壤保肥、保水能力和增强土壤透气性,而且无有毒有害化学成分。本发明另一方面的目的在于,提出利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备土壤改良剂的方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, and propose a soil conditioner prepared by utilizing calcium silicate board waste, which effectively utilizes discarded calcium silicate boards, and the prepared soil conditioner can improve soil performance. Fertilizer, water retention and enhanced soil permeability without toxic and harmful chemicals. Another object of the present invention is to propose a method for preparing a soil conditioner by using calcium silicate board waste.

为达到上述技术目的,本发明的技术方案提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂,包括如下重量份的组分:硅酸钙板颗粒5~50份,陶粒50~95份,所述陶粒由如下重量份的组分制备得到:硅酸钙板粉末70~90份和粘结剂10~30份;其中所述硅酸钙板颗粒的粒径大于100目小于20目,所述硅酸钙板粉末的粒径小于100目。In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the technical solution of the present invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by using calcium silicate board waste, including the following components by weight: 5-50 parts of calcium silicate board particles, 50-50 parts of ceramsite 95 parts, the ceramsite is prepared from the following components by weight: 70-90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of binder; wherein the particle size of the calcium silicate board particles is larger than 100 mesh and smaller than 20 mesh, and the particle size of the calcium silicate board powder is less than 100 mesh.

本发明的技术方案还提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备土壤改良剂的方法,包括如下步骤:The technical solution of the present invention also provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner by utilizing calcium silicate board waste, comprising the following steps:

S1、将硅酸钙板残次品粉碎至20目以下,依次过20目筛和100目筛,收集粒径大于100目小于20目的物料,得到硅酸钙板颗粒,收集粒径小于100目粉末和硅酸钙板抛光粉混合,得到硅酸钙板粉末,所述硅酸钙板抛光粉的粒径小于100目;S1. Pulverize the defective calcium silicate board to below 20 mesh, pass through a 20-mesh sieve and a 100-mesh sieve in turn, and collect materials with a particle size larger than 100 mesh and less than 20 mesh to obtain calcium silicate board particles, and the collected particle size is less than 100 mesh. The powder is mixed with calcium silicate board polishing powder to obtain calcium silicate board powder, and the particle size of the calcium silicate board polishing powder is less than 100 meshes;

S2、将所述硅酸钙板粉末与粘结剂按硅酸钙板粉末70~90份、粘结剂10~30份混合均匀,并将得到的混合物的含水量调至50~250%,随后进行造粒,对造粒后得到的颗粒进行干燥处理,干燥至含水量为7~12%,得到陶粒;S2, the calcium silicate board powder and the binder are uniformly mixed according to 70-90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of binder, and the water content of the obtained mixture is adjusted to 50-250%, Subsequently, granulation is carried out, and the granules obtained after granulation are dried to a moisture content of 7-12% to obtain ceramsite;

S3、将所述陶粒和硅酸钙板颗粒按陶粒50~95份、硅酸钙板颗粒5~50份混合均匀,得到土壤改良剂。S3, uniformly mixing the ceramsite and calcium silicate board particles according to 50-95 parts of ceramsite and 5-50 parts of calcium silicate board particles to obtain a soil conditioner.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果包括:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

1、本发明中提供的土壤改良剂以废弃硅酸钙板为主要原料,硅酸钙板具有吸附性强、比重低和孔隙多的特点,其可以吸附土壤中植被所需的有用元素和水分,防止有用元素和水分的流失,提高土壤保肥能力和持水能力;1. The soil conditioner provided in the present invention uses waste calcium silicate board as the main raw material. The calcium silicate board has the characteristics of strong adsorption, low specific gravity and many pores, which can absorb the useful elements and moisture required by vegetation in the soil. , prevent the loss of useful elements and water, and improve soil fertility and water holding capacity;

2、本发明中提供的土壤改良剂中硅酸钙板颗粒的粒径大于100目小于20目,陶粒中硅酸钙板粉末的粒径小于100目,通过两种不同粒度的硅酸钙板配合使用,得到的土壤改良剂具有一定的粒度分布,粒度较大的颗粒能使土壤更加疏松,增加土壤的透气性,防止土壤板结,粒度较小的颗粒比表面积较大,能与土壤充分接触;2. The particle size of the calcium silicate board particles in the soil conditioner provided in the present invention is greater than 100 mesh and less than 20 mesh, and the particle size of the calcium silicate board powder in the ceramsite is less than 100 mesh. When used together with the plate, the soil conditioner obtained has a certain particle size distribution. The particles with larger particle size can make the soil looser, increase the permeability of the soil, and prevent soil compaction. The particles with smaller particle size have a larger specific surface area and can fully touch;

3、本发明提供的利用硅酸钙板制备土壤改良剂的制备方法,以废弃的硅酸钙板为原料,原料成本低廉且有效的利用了废弃的硅酸钙板,该制备方法简单,适宜于工业化大批量生产。3. The preparation method for preparing soil conditioner using calcium silicate board provided by the present invention uses waste calcium silicate board as raw material, the raw material cost is low and the waste calcium silicate board is effectively used, and the preparation method is simple and suitable for industrial mass production.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为制备本发明土壤改良剂的工艺流程图。Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram for preparing the soil conditioner of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

本发明的实施例提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂,包括如下重量份的组分:An embodiment of the present invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by using calcium silicate board waste, comprising the following components by weight:

硅酸钙板颗粒5~50份,陶粒50~95份,所述陶粒由如下重量份的组分制备得到:硅酸钙板粉末70~90份和粘结剂10~30份;其中硅酸钙板颗粒的粒径大于100目小于20目,硅酸钙板粉末的粒径小于100目。5-50 parts of calcium silicate board particles and 50-95 parts of ceramsite, the ceramsite is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of binder; The particle size of the calcium silicate board particles is larger than 100 mesh and smaller than 20 mesh, and the particle size of the calcium silicate board powder is less than 100 mesh.

在本发明的一些优选实施方式中,硅酸钙板包括采用硅质物料、钙质物料和助剂基于氧化硅和氧化钙反应原理,通过蒸压法生产得到的硅酸钙板;其中,硅质物料包括粉石英、硅藻土、粉煤灰、珍珠岩和蛋白土中的一种或几种;钙质物料包括石灰和/或电石泥;助剂包括植物纸浆、石棉、硅灰石、玻璃纤维和矿物纤维中的一种或几种。In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the calcium silicate board includes a calcium silicate board produced by an autoclave method using siliceous materials, calcareous materials and additives based on the reaction principle of silicon oxide and calcium oxide; wherein the silicon Calcium materials include one or more of powdered quartz, diatomite, fly ash, perlite and protein soil; calcareous materials include lime and/or calcium carbide mud; additives include plant pulp, asbestos, wollastonite, One or more of glass fiber and mineral fiber.

在本发明的一些优选实施方式中,硅酸钙板粉末包括硅酸钙板残次品破碎后产生的小于100目的物料和硅酸钙板生产过程中产生的粒径小于100目的抛光粉。In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the calcium silicate board powder includes materials smaller than 100 meshes produced after the crushing of defective calcium silicate boards and polishing powders with a particle size smaller than 100 meshes produced during the production of the calcium silicate board.

在本发明的一些优选实施方式中,粘结剂为海泡石和/或凹凸棒土。通过优化粘结剂的种类,选用天然矿物质作为粘结剂,将硅酸钙板粉末粘结在一起,制成陶粒方便运输和播撒,遇水或遇潮可以很好的解散,不会对土壤造成危害。In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the binder is sepiolite and/or attapulgite. By optimizing the types of binders and using natural minerals as binders, the calcium silicate board powders are bonded together to make ceramsite for easy transportation and spreading. Harmful to soil.

本发明的实施例还提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备土壤改良剂的方法,包括如下步骤:An embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner by utilizing calcium silicate board waste, comprising the following steps:

(1)将硅酸钙板残次品粉碎至20目以下,依次过20目筛和100目筛,收集粒径大于100目小于20目的物料,得到硅酸钙板颗粒,收集粒径小于100目粉末和硅酸钙板抛光粉混合,得到硅酸钙板粉末,硅酸钙板抛光粉的粒径小于100目;(1) Crush the defective calcium silicate board to less than 20 mesh, pass through a 20-mesh sieve and a 100-mesh sieve in turn, and collect the materials with a particle size larger than 100 mesh and less than 20 mesh to obtain calcium silicate board particles, and the collected particle size is less than 100 mesh Mesh powder and calcium silicate board polishing powder are mixed to obtain calcium silicate board powder, and the particle size of calcium silicate board polishing powder is less than 100 mesh;

(2)将硅酸钙板粉末与粘结剂按硅酸钙板粉末70~90份、粘结剂10~30份混合均匀,并将得到的混合物的含水量调至50~250%,随后进行造粒,对造粒后得到的颗粒进行干燥处理,干燥至含水量为7~12%,得到陶粒;(2) The calcium silicate board powder and the binder are uniformly mixed according to 70-90 parts of the calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of the binder, and the water content of the obtained mixture is adjusted to 50-250%, and then granulating, drying the granules obtained after granulation, and drying to a moisture content of 7-12% to obtain ceramsite;

(3)将陶粒和硅酸钙板颗粒按陶粒50~95份、硅酸钙板颗粒5~50份混合均匀,得到土壤改良剂。(3) The ceramsite and calcium silicate board particles are uniformly mixed according to 50-95 parts of ceramsite and 5-50 parts of calcium silicate board particles to obtain a soil conditioner.

为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

本发明中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。本发明中所用的实验材料如无特殊说明,均为市场购买得到。The experimental methods in the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The experimental materials used in the present invention are all commercially available unless otherwise specified.

本发明所用硅酸钙板残次品与硅酸钙板抛光粉均来自内蒙某硅酸钙板厂,主要成分为水化硅酸钙;所用海泡石取自湖南湘潭,其氧化镁含量10.55%,二氧化硅含量38.45%;所用凹凸棒土取自安徽明光,其氧化镁含量8.63%,二氧化硅含量40.76%,其中,海泡石和凹凸棒土粒度均在200目以下。The defective calcium silicate board and the calcium silicate board polishing powder used in the present invention are all from a calcium silicate board factory in Inner Mongolia, and the main component is calcium silicate hydrate; the sepiolite used is taken from Xiangtan, Hunan, and its magnesium oxide content is 10.55 %, the silica content is 38.45%; the attapulgite used is taken from Mingguang, Anhui, with a magnesium oxide content of 8.63% and a silica content of 40.76%. The particle sizes of sepiolite and attapulgite are both below 200 mesh.

实施例1:Example 1:

本发明的实施例1提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂,包括如下重量份的组分:硅酸钙板颗粒14.3份和陶粒85.7份,陶粒由如下重量份的组分制备得到:硅酸钙板粉末70份和海泡石30份;其中硅酸钙板颗粒的粒径大于100目小于20目,硅酸钙板粉末的粒径小于100目。Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by using calcium silicate board waste, including the following components by weight: 14.3 parts of calcium silicate board particles and 85.7 parts of ceramsite, and the ceramsite is composed of the following parts by weight The components are prepared: 70 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 30 parts of sepiolite; wherein the particle size of calcium silicate board particles is larger than 100 mesh and smaller than 20 mesh, and the particle size of calcium silicate board powder is smaller than 100 mesh.

本实施例1还提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备土壤改良剂的方法,包括如下步骤:The present embodiment 1 also provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner by utilizing calcium silicate board waste, comprising the following steps:

(1)将破碎硅酸钙板残次品粉碎至20目以下,依次用20目筛和100目筛的筛子筛分破碎后的物料,收集粒径大于100目小于20目的物料,得到硅酸钙板颗粒,收集粒径小于100目粉末,将其与硅酸钙板加工过程中产生的粒径小于100目的抛光粉混合,得到硅酸钙板粉末;(1) Crush the broken calcium silicate board defective products to less than 20 meshes, sieve the crushed materials with 20 mesh sieves and 100 mesh sieves in turn, and collect the materials with particle sizes larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes to obtain silicic acid Calcium board particles, collect powder with particle size less than 100 meshes, and mix it with polishing powder with particle size less than 100 meshes produced during the processing of calcium silicate board to obtain calcium silicate board powder;

(2)将硅酸钙板粉末与海泡石按硅酸钙板粉末70份、海泡石30份混合,放入漩涡混匀器,搅拌30min混合均匀,再按混合物与水的质量比为2:3的比例向混合物中加水,将混合物的含水量调至150%,再将含水混合物放入模孔为2.5mm的挤压造粒机中进行造粒,最后将造粒后得到的颗粒在105℃的热风中烘烤10h,将颗粒干燥至含水量为7%,得到陶粒;(2) The calcium silicate board powder and sepiolite are mixed according to 70 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 30 parts of sepiolite, put into a vortex mixer, stirred for 30 minutes and mixed evenly, and then the mass ratio of the mixture to water is Add water to the mixture in a ratio of 2:3, adjust the water content of the mixture to 150%, and then put the water-containing mixture into an extrusion granulator with a die hole of 2.5 mm for granulation, and finally granulate the obtained granules Bake in hot air at 105°C for 10 hours, and dry the particles to a moisture content of 7% to obtain ceramsite;

(3)将陶粒和硅酸钙板颗粒按陶粒85.7份、硅酸钙板颗粒14.3份混合均匀,得到土壤改良剂。(3) The ceramsite and calcium silicate board particles are uniformly mixed according to 85.7 parts of ceramsite and 14.3 parts of calcium silicate board particles to obtain a soil conditioner.

实施例2:Example 2:

本发明的实施例2提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂,包括如下重量份的组分:硅酸钙板颗粒30份和陶粒70份,陶粒由如下重量份的组分制备得到:硅酸钙板粉末80份和海泡石20份;其中硅酸钙板颗粒的粒径大于100目小于20目,硅酸钙板粉末的粒径小于100目。Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by using calcium silicate board waste, including the following components by weight: 30 parts of calcium silicate board particles and 70 parts of ceramsite, and the ceramsite is composed of the following parts by weight The components are prepared: 80 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 20 parts of sepiolite; wherein the particle size of calcium silicate board particles is larger than 100 mesh and smaller than 20 mesh, and the particle size of calcium silicate board powder is smaller than 100 mesh.

本实施例2还提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备土壤改良剂的方法,包括如下步骤:The present embodiment 2 also provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner by utilizing calcium silicate board waste, comprising the following steps:

(1)将破碎硅酸钙板残次品粉碎至20目以下,依次用20目筛和100目筛的筛子筛分破碎后的物料,收集粒径大于100目小于20目的物料,得到硅酸钙板颗粒,收集粒径小于100目粉末,将其与硅酸钙板加工过程中产生的粒径小于100目的抛光粉混合,得到硅酸钙板粉末;(1) Crush the broken calcium silicate board defective products to less than 20 meshes, sieve the crushed materials with 20 mesh sieves and 100 mesh sieves in turn, and collect the materials with particle sizes larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes to obtain silicic acid Calcium board particles, collect powder with particle size less than 100 meshes, and mix it with polishing powder with particle size less than 100 meshes produced during the processing of calcium silicate board to obtain calcium silicate board powder;

(2)将硅酸钙板粉末与海泡石按硅酸钙板粉末80份、海泡石20份混合,放入漩涡混匀器,搅拌20min混合均匀,再按混合物与水的质量比为1:1的比例向混合物中加水,将混合物的含水量调至100%,再将含水混合物放入模孔为2.5mm的挤压造粒机中进行造粒,最后将造粒后得到的颗粒在110℃的热风中烘烤8h,将颗粒干燥至含水量为10%,得到陶粒;(2) Mix the calcium silicate board powder and sepiolite according to 80 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 20 parts of sepiolite, put them into a vortex mixer, stir for 20 minutes and mix them evenly, and then according to the mass ratio of the mixture to water: Add water to the mixture in a ratio of 1:1, adjust the water content of the mixture to 100%, and then put the water-containing mixture into an extrusion granulator with a die hole of 2.5mm for granulation, and finally granulate the obtained granules Bake in hot air at 110°C for 8 hours, and dry the particles to a moisture content of 10% to obtain ceramsite;

(3)将陶粒和硅酸钙板颗粒按陶粒70份、硅酸钙板颗粒30份混合均匀,得到土壤改良剂。(3) The ceramsite and the calcium silicate board particles are uniformly mixed according to 70 parts of ceramsite and 30 parts of calcium silicate board particles to obtain a soil conditioner.

实施例3:Example 3:

本发明的实施例3提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂,包括如下重量份的组分:硅酸钙板颗粒50份和陶粒50份,陶粒由如下重量份的组分制备得到:硅酸钙板粉末90份和海泡石10份;其中硅酸钙板颗粒的粒径大于100目小于20目,硅酸钙板粉末的粒径小于100目。Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by using calcium silicate board waste, including the following components by weight: 50 parts of calcium silicate board particles and 50 parts of ceramsite, and the ceramsite is composed of the following parts by weight The components are prepared: 90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10 parts of sepiolite; wherein the particle size of calcium silicate board particles is larger than 100 mesh and smaller than 20 mesh, and the particle size of calcium silicate board powder is smaller than 100 mesh.

本实施例3还提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备土壤改良剂的方法,包括如下步骤:The present embodiment 3 also provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner by utilizing calcium silicate board waste, comprising the following steps:

(1)将破碎硅酸钙板残次品粉碎至20目以下,依次用20目筛和100目筛的筛子筛分破碎后的物料,收集粒径大于100目小于20目的物料,得到硅酸钙板颗粒,收集粒径小于100目粉末,将其与硅酸钙板加工过程中产生的粒径小于100目的抛光粉混合,得到硅酸钙板粉末;(1) Crush the broken calcium silicate board defective products to less than 20 meshes, sieve the crushed materials with 20 mesh sieves and 100 mesh sieves in turn, and collect the materials with particle sizes larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes to obtain silicic acid Calcium board particles, collect powder with particle size less than 100 meshes, and mix it with polishing powder with particle size less than 100 meshes produced during the processing of calcium silicate board to obtain calcium silicate board powder;

(2)将硅酸钙板粉末与海泡石按硅酸钙板粉末90份、海泡石10份混合,放入漩涡混匀器,搅拌15min混合均匀,再按混合物与水的质量比为3:2的比例向混合物中加水,将混合物的含水量调至66.7%,再将含水混合物放入模孔为2.5mm的挤压造粒机中进行造粒,最后将造粒后得到的颗粒在100℃的热风中烘烤6h,将颗粒干燥至含水量为12%,得到陶粒;(2) The calcium silicate board powder and sepiolite are mixed according to 90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10 parts of sepiolite, put into a vortex mixer, stirred for 15 minutes and mixed evenly, and then the mass ratio of the mixture to water is Add water to the mixture in a ratio of 3:2, adjust the water content of the mixture to 66.7%, and then put the water-containing mixture into an extrusion granulator with a die hole of 2.5 mm for granulation, and finally granulate the obtained granules Bake in hot air at 100°C for 6 hours, and dry the particles to a moisture content of 12% to obtain ceramsite;

(3)将陶粒和硅酸钙板颗粒按陶粒50份、硅酸钙板颗粒50份混合均匀,得到土壤改良剂。(3) Mixing ceramsite and calcium silicate board particles uniformly according to 50 parts of ceramsite and 50 parts of calcium silicate board particles to obtain a soil conditioner.

实施例4:Example 4:

本发明的实施例4提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂,该土壤改良剂与实施例1的区别在于,粘结剂为凹凸棒土,其余的包括制备方法均与实施例1相同。Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by using calcium silicate board waste. The difference between the soil conditioner and Example 1 is that the binder is attapulgite, and the rest of the preparation methods are the same as Example 1 is the same.

实施例5:Example 5:

本发明的实施例5提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂,该土壤改良剂与实施例2的区别在于,粘结剂为凹凸棒土,其余的包括制备方法均与实施例2相同。Embodiment 5 of the present invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by using calcium silicate board waste. The difference between the soil conditioner and Example 2 is that the binder is attapulgite, and the rest of the preparation methods are the same as Example 2 is the same.

实施例6:Example 6:

本发明的实施例6提供了一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂,该土壤改良剂与实施例3的区别在于,粘结剂为凹凸棒土,其余的包括制备方法均与实施例3相同。Embodiment 6 of the present invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by using calcium silicate board waste. The difference between the soil conditioner and Example 3 is that the binder is attapulgite, and the rest of the preparation methods are the same as Example 3 is the same.

采用如下方法测试本发明实施例1~6中提供的土壤改良剂的效果:The following methods were used to test the effects of the soil conditioners provided in Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention:

将实验培养土分为7份,每份重量均为5kg,每份中均加入等量的尿素与磷酸二氢钙,尿素用量1.5g/kg,磷酸二氢钙用量1g/kg。添加化肥后的7组培养土中随机选出一组不添加土壤改良剂作为对比例,其余六组分别加入实施例1-6所得土壤改良剂,土壤改良剂用量均为100g/kg。将每组培养土搅拌均匀,各加入1000ml去离子水,室外静态培养7天,得到如表1所示的结果,表1中测定淋出率方法为:在每组培养土中各取50g样,每个样使用800ml去离子水淋洗,收集淋出液,测定溶液中速效氮与速效磷的含量。Divide the experimental culture soil into 7 parts, and each part weighs 5kg, and equal amounts of urea and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are added to each part, the consumption of urea is 1.5g/kg, and the consumption of calcium dihydrogen phosphate is 1g/kg. Among the 7 groups of culture soils after adding chemical fertilizers, one group without soil conditioner was randomly selected as a comparative example, and the other six groups were respectively added with the soil conditioner obtained in Examples 1-6, and the dosage of soil conditioner was 100g/kg. Stir each group of culture soils evenly, add 1000ml of deionized water to each, and culture them outdoors for 7 days statically to obtain the results shown in Table 1. The method for determining the leaching rate in Table 1 is: take 50g samples from each group of culture soils. , each sample was rinsed with 800ml of deionized water, the eluate was collected, and the content of available nitrogen and available phosphorus in the solution was determined.

表1实施例1~6和对比例中土壤的各项指标值The index values of soil in Table 1 Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example

Figure BDA0002418190390000071
Figure BDA0002418190390000071

由表1可以看出,与对比例相比,采用实施例1~6中制得的土壤改良剂改良后的土壤的容量降低、孔隙度升高、含水率也升高和淋出率降低,说明采用本发明中的土壤改良剂使土壤的持水能力和保肥能力大幅增高。本发明中提供的土壤改良剂的主要原料为废弃的硅酸钙板和抛光粉,有效的利用了硅酸钙板废弃物,制备土壤改良剂的成本也更低廉。It can be seen from Table 1 that, compared with the comparative example, the capacity of the soil improved with the soil amendments prepared in Examples 1 to 6 decreased, the porosity increased, the water content also increased, and the leaching rate decreased. It is indicated that the soil conditioner in the present invention can greatly increase the water holding capacity and the fertilizer retention capacity of the soil. The main raw materials of the soil conditioner provided in the present invention are discarded calcium silicate board and polishing powder, the calcium silicate board waste is effectively utilized, and the cost of preparing the soil conditioner is also lower.

以上所述本发明的具体实施方式,并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何根据本发明的技术构思所做出的各种其他相应的改变与变形,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围内。The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical concept of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1.一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备的土壤改良剂,其特征在于,包括如下重量份的组分:硅酸钙板颗粒5~50份,陶粒50~95份,所述陶粒由如下重量份的组分制备得到:硅酸钙板粉末70~90份和粘结剂10~30份;其中所述硅酸钙板颗粒的粒径大于100目小于20目,所述硅酸钙板粉末的粒径小于100目。1. a soil conditioner prepared by utilizing calcium silicate board waste is characterized in that, comprising the following components by weight: 5-50 parts of calcium silicate board particles, 50-95 parts of ceramsite, and said ceramsite It is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of binder; wherein the particle size of the calcium silicate board particles is greater than 100 meshes and less than 20 meshes, and the silicic acid The particle size of the calcium board powder is less than 100 meshes. 2.根据权利要求1所述的土壤改良剂,其特征在于,所述硅酸钙板包括采用硅质物料、钙质物料和助剂基于氧化硅和氧化钙反应原理,通过蒸压法生产得到的硅酸钙板;所述硅质物料包括粉石英、硅藻土、粉煤灰、珍珠岩和蛋白土中的一种或几种;所述钙质物料包括石灰和/或电石泥;所述助剂包括植物纸浆、石棉、硅灰石、玻璃纤维和矿物纤维中的一种或几种。2 . The soil conditioner according to claim 1 , wherein the calcium silicate board comprises the use of siliceous materials, calcareous materials and additives based on the reaction principle of silicon oxide and calcium oxide, and is produced by autoclaving. 3 . The calcium silicate board; the siliceous material includes one or more of powder quartz, diatomite, fly ash, perlite and protein soil; the calcareous material includes lime and/or calcium carbide mud; The auxiliary agent includes one or more of plant pulp, asbestos, wollastonite, glass fiber and mineral fiber. 3.根据权利要求1所述的土壤改良剂,其特征在于,所述硅酸钙板粉末包括硅酸钙板残次品破碎后产生的小于100目的物料和硅酸钙板生产过程中产生的粒径小于100目的抛光粉。3 . The soil conditioner according to claim 1 , wherein the calcium silicate board powder includes materials less than 100 meshes produced after the crushing of defective calcium silicate boards and materials produced during the production of calcium silicate boards. 4 . The particle size is less than 100 mesh polishing powder. 4.根据权利要求1所述的土壤改良剂,其特征在于,所述粘结剂为海泡石和/或凹凸棒土。4. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the binder is sepiolite and/or attapulgite. 5.一种利用硅酸钙板废弃物制备土壤改良剂的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:5. a method for utilizing calcium silicate board waste to prepare soil conditioner, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: S1、将硅酸钙板残次品粉碎至20目以下,依次过20目筛和100目筛,收集粒径大于100目小于20目的物料,得到硅酸钙板颗粒,收集粒径小于100目粉末和硅酸钙板抛光粉混合,得到硅酸钙板粉末,所述硅酸钙板抛光粉的粒径小于100目;S1. Pulverize the defective calcium silicate board to below 20 mesh, pass through a 20-mesh sieve and a 100-mesh sieve in turn, and collect materials with a particle size larger than 100 mesh and less than 20 mesh to obtain calcium silicate board particles, and the collected particle size is less than 100 mesh. The powder is mixed with calcium silicate board polishing powder to obtain calcium silicate board powder, and the particle size of the calcium silicate board polishing powder is less than 100 meshes; S2、将所述硅酸钙板粉末与粘结剂按硅酸钙板粉末70~90份、粘结剂10~30份混合均匀,并将得到的混合物的含水量调至50~250%,随后进行造粒,对造粒后得到的颗粒进行干燥处理,干燥至含水量为7~12%,得到陶粒;S2, the calcium silicate board powder and the binder are uniformly mixed according to 70-90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of binder, and the water content of the obtained mixture is adjusted to 50-250%, Subsequently, granulation is carried out, and the granules obtained after granulation are dried to a moisture content of 7-12% to obtain ceramsite; S3、将所述陶粒和硅酸钙板颗粒按陶粒50~95份、硅酸钙板颗粒5~50份混合均匀,得到土壤改良剂。S3, uniformly mixing the ceramsite and calcium silicate board particles according to 50-95 parts of ceramsite and 5-50 parts of calcium silicate board particles to obtain a soil conditioner.
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