CN111303887A - Soil conditioner prepared from calcium silicate board waste and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner prepared from calcium silicate board waste and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111303887A CN111303887A CN202010197639.9A CN202010197639A CN111303887A CN 111303887 A CN111303887 A CN 111303887A CN 202010197639 A CN202010197639 A CN 202010197639A CN 111303887 A CN111303887 A CN 111303887A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/06—Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil conditioner prepared by utilizing calcium silicate board waste, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-50 parts of calcium silicate board particles and 50-95 parts of ceramsite, wherein the ceramsite is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of binder; wherein the particle size of the calcium silicate board particles is larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes, and the particle size of the calcium silicate board powder is smaller than 100 meshes. The soil conditioner provided by the invention takes the calcium silicate board as a main raw material, and the calcium silicate board has the characteristics of strong adsorbability, low specific gravity and more pores, can adsorb useful elements and water required by vegetation in soil, prevents the loss of the useful elements and water, and improves the soil fertility-maintaining capacity and water-retaining capacity. The invention also provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner by utilizing the calcium silicate board waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste material recycling, and particularly relates to a soil conditioner prepared from calcium silicate board waste and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The calcium silicate board is a board prepared by taking siliceous raw materials (fly ash, diatomite and quartz powder) and calcareous raw materials (lime, calcium carbide mud and the like) as raw materials, adding reinforcing fibers (such as asbestos, glass fibers and the like), and performing the working procedures of pulping, forming, pre-curing, autoclaved curing, drying, cutting, sanding and the like. The calcium silicate board has the characteristics of high strength, heat insulation, fire prevention, moisture prevention, difficult deformation, long service life, no toxic or harmful chemical components and the like, and is suitable for the fields of industrial boards such as walls, suspended ceilings, floors, furniture, road sound insulation, sound absorption barriers, ship compartments, air ducts and the like, sound absorption walls, sound absorption ceilings, cast walls, panels of composite wallboards and the like.
With the acceleration of the building industrialization and housing industrialization process, the application of calcium silicate boards as novel wall materials in large quantities will become a trend according to the national policy requirements of energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection. While the calcium silicate board is produced in large quantities, a large amount of waste such as defective products, polishing powder, leftover materials and the like of the calcium silicate board is produced. If the calcium silicate board waste cannot be properly treated, the environment can be polluted, the cost for independently treating the waste is high, and how to effectively treat the calcium silicate board waste is a problem to be solved at present.
As a big agricultural country, China has unobjective land resources, on one hand, the development of urbanization occupies a large amount of excellent cultivated land, on the other hand, the water and soil loss is continuously aggravated to cause land degradation which is no longer suitable for the growth of crops, and on the other hand, unreasonable cultivation and continuous cropping of people and excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides cause increasingly serious soil degradation, the soil fertility is reduced, and the productivity is reduced. The development of soil conditioners is promoted by the increasing severity of the soil problems, the use of the soil conditioners has an obvious effect on soil improvement, but most of the current soil conditioners have high cost, large dosage and single effect and cannot be popularized in a large area, so that the significance of researching and developing the soil conditioners with low cost and multiple effects is great.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provides the soil conditioner prepared by utilizing the waste calcium silicate boards, the soil conditioner effectively utilizes the waste calcium silicate boards, and the prepared soil conditioner can improve the soil fertility preservation and water retention capacity and enhance the soil air permeability and has no toxic and harmful chemical components. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a soil conditioner using calcium silicate board waste.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by utilizing calcium silicate board waste, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-50 parts of calcium silicate board particles and 50-95 parts of ceramsite, wherein the ceramsite is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of binder; wherein the particle size of the calcium silicate board particles is larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes, and the particle size of the calcium silicate board powder is smaller than 100 meshes.
The technical scheme of the invention also provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner by utilizing the calcium silicate board waste, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing the defective calcium silicate board products to below 20 meshes, sequentially sieving with a 20-mesh sieve and a 100-mesh sieve, collecting materials with the particle size larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes to obtain calcium silicate board particles, collecting powder with the particle size smaller than 100 meshes and mixing with calcium silicate board polishing powder to obtain calcium silicate board powder, wherein the particle size of the calcium silicate board polishing powder is smaller than 100 meshes;
s2, uniformly mixing the calcium silicate board powder with a binder according to 70-90 parts of the calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of the binder, adjusting the water content of the obtained mixture to 50-250%, then granulating, drying the granules obtained after granulation until the water content is 7-12%, and obtaining ceramsite;
s3, uniformly mixing the ceramsite and the calcium silicate board particles according to 50-95 parts of the ceramsite and 5-50 parts of the calcium silicate board particles to obtain the soil conditioner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the soil conditioner provided by the invention takes the waste calcium silicate board as a main raw material, and the calcium silicate board has the characteristics of strong adsorbability, low specific gravity and more pores, can adsorb useful elements and water required by vegetation in soil, prevents the loss of the useful elements and water, and improves the soil fertility-maintaining capacity and water-retaining capacity;
2. the particle size of calcium silicate board particles in the soil conditioner provided by the invention is larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes, the particle size of calcium silicate board powder in ceramsite is smaller than 100 meshes, the obtained soil conditioner has certain particle size distribution by matching two calcium silicate boards with different particle sizes, the particles with larger particle sizes can enable the soil to be looser, the air permeability of the soil is increased, the soil is prevented from being hardened, the specific surface area of the particles with smaller particle sizes is larger, and the particles can be fully contacted with the soil;
3. the preparation method for preparing the soil conditioner by using the calcium silicate board takes the waste calcium silicate board as the raw material, has low cost of the raw material, effectively utilizes the waste calcium silicate board, is simple, and is suitable for industrial mass production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram for preparing the soil conditioner of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by utilizing calcium silicate board waste, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
5-50 parts of calcium silicate board particles and 50-95 parts of ceramsite, wherein the ceramsite is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of binder; wherein the particle size of calcium silicate plate particles is larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes, and the particle size of calcium silicate plate powder is smaller than 100 meshes.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the calcium silicate board comprises a calcium silicate board produced by an autoclave method using a siliceous material, a calcareous material and an auxiliary agent based on the reaction principle of silica and calcium oxide; wherein the siliceous material comprises one or more of quartz powder, diatomite, fly ash, perlite and opal; the calcareous material comprises lime and/or carbide mud; the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of plant pulp, asbestos, wollastonite, glass fiber and mineral fiber.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the calcium silicate board powder includes a material having a particle size of less than 100 meshes generated after the defective calcium silicate board is crushed and a polishing powder having a particle size of less than 100 meshes generated during the production of the calcium silicate board.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the binder is sepiolite and/or attapulgite. By optimizing the type of the binder, natural mineral substances are selected as the binder, the calcium silicate board powder is bonded together to prepare the ceramsite which is convenient to transport and broadcast, can be well dispersed when meeting water or tide, and cannot cause harm to soil.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner by utilizing the calcium silicate board waste, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the defective calcium silicate board products to below 20 meshes, sequentially sieving the defective calcium silicate board products by a 20-mesh sieve and a 100-mesh sieve, collecting materials with the grain size of more than 100 meshes and less than 20 meshes to obtain calcium silicate board particles, collecting powder with the grain size of less than 100 meshes and mixing the powder with calcium silicate board polishing powder to obtain calcium silicate board powder, wherein the grain size of the calcium silicate board polishing powder is less than 100 meshes;
(2) uniformly mixing calcium silicate board powder with a binder according to 70-90 parts of the calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of the binder, adjusting the water content of the obtained mixture to 50-250%, then granulating, drying the granules obtained after granulation until the water content is 7-12%, and obtaining ceramsite;
(3) and uniformly mixing 50-95 parts of ceramsite and 5-50 parts of calcium silicate board particles to obtain the soil conditioner.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The experimental methods in the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The experimental materials used in the present invention were all purchased from the market unless otherwise specified.
The defective calcium silicate board products and the polishing powder of the calcium silicate board are from a calcium silicate board factory, and the main component of the calcium silicate board is calcium silicate hydrate; the sepiolite is taken from Hunan quan, and has a magnesium oxide content of 10.55% and a silicon dioxide content of 38.45%; the attapulgite is obtained from Anhui Mingming, and has a magnesium oxide content of 8.63% and a silicon dioxide content of 40.76%, wherein the particle sizes of sepiolite and attapulgite are below 200 meshes.
Example 1:
the embodiment 1 of the invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by utilizing calcium silicate board waste, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 14.3 parts of calcium silicate board particles and 85.7 parts of ceramsite, wherein the ceramsite is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 30 parts of sepiolite; wherein the particle size of calcium silicate plate particles is larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes, and the particle size of calcium silicate plate powder is smaller than 100 meshes.
The embodiment 1 also provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner by using calcium silicate board waste, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the defective products of the crushed calcium silicate boards to below 20 meshes, screening the crushed materials by using sieves with 20 meshes and sieves with 100 meshes in sequence, collecting the materials with the grain size of more than 100 meshes and less than 20 meshes to obtain calcium silicate board particles, collecting powder with the grain size of less than 100 meshes, and mixing the powder with polishing powder with the grain size of less than 100 meshes generated in the processing process of the calcium silicate boards to obtain calcium silicate board powder;
(2) mixing calcium silicate board powder and sepiolite according to the mass ratio of 70 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 30 parts of sepiolite, putting the mixture into a vortex mixer, stirring the mixture for 30min, uniformly mixing the mixture, and then mixing the mixture and water according to the mass ratio of 2: 3, adding water into the mixture according to the proportion, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 150%, then putting the water-containing mixture into an extrusion granulator with a die hole of 2.5mm for granulation, finally baking the granules obtained after granulation in hot air at 105 ℃ for 10h, and drying the granules until the water content is 7% to obtain ceramsite;
(3) and uniformly mixing 85.7 parts of ceramsite and 14.3 parts of calcium silicate board particles to obtain the soil conditioner.
Example 2:
the embodiment 2 of the invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by utilizing calcium silicate board waste, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of calcium silicate board particles and 70 parts of ceramsite, wherein the ceramsite is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 20 parts of sepiolite; wherein the particle size of calcium silicate plate particles is larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes, and the particle size of calcium silicate plate powder is smaller than 100 meshes.
The embodiment 2 also provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner by using calcium silicate board waste, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the defective products of the crushed calcium silicate boards to below 20 meshes, screening the crushed materials by using sieves with 20 meshes and sieves with 100 meshes in sequence, collecting the materials with the grain size of more than 100 meshes and less than 20 meshes to obtain calcium silicate board particles, collecting powder with the grain size of less than 100 meshes, and mixing the powder with polishing powder with the grain size of less than 100 meshes generated in the processing process of the calcium silicate boards to obtain calcium silicate board powder;
(2) mixing the calcium silicate board powder and the sepiolite according to the mass ratio of 80 parts of the calcium silicate board powder to 20 parts of the sepiolite, putting the mixture into a vortex mixer, stirring the mixture for 20min, uniformly mixing the mixture, and mixing the mixture and water according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, adding water into the mixture according to the proportion, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 100%, then putting the water-containing mixture into an extrusion granulator with a die hole of 2.5mm for granulation, finally baking the granules obtained after granulation in hot air at 110 ℃ for 8h, and drying the granules until the water content is 10% to obtain ceramsite;
(3) and uniformly mixing 70 parts of ceramsite and 30 parts of calcium silicate board particles to obtain the soil conditioner.
Example 3:
the embodiment 3 of the invention provides a soil conditioner prepared by utilizing calcium silicate board waste, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of calcium silicate board particles and 50 parts of ceramsite, wherein the ceramsite is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10 parts of sepiolite; wherein the particle size of calcium silicate plate particles is larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes, and the particle size of calcium silicate plate powder is smaller than 100 meshes.
This embodiment 3 also provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner from calcium silicate board waste, including the following steps:
(1) crushing the defective products of the crushed calcium silicate boards to below 20 meshes, screening the crushed materials by using sieves with 20 meshes and sieves with 100 meshes in sequence, collecting the materials with the grain size of more than 100 meshes and less than 20 meshes to obtain calcium silicate board particles, collecting powder with the grain size of less than 100 meshes, and mixing the powder with polishing powder with the grain size of less than 100 meshes generated in the processing process of the calcium silicate boards to obtain calcium silicate board powder;
(2) mixing the calcium silicate board powder and the sepiolite according to the mass ratio of 90 parts of the calcium silicate board powder to 10 parts of the sepiolite, putting the mixture into a vortex mixer, stirring the mixture for 15min, uniformly mixing the mixture, and then mixing the mixture and water according to the mass ratio of 3: 2, adding water into the mixture according to the proportion, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 66.7%, then putting the water-containing mixture into an extrusion granulator with a die hole of 2.5mm for granulation, finally baking the granules obtained after granulation in hot air at 100 ℃ for 6 hours, and drying the granules until the water content is 12% to obtain ceramsite;
(3) and uniformly mixing 50 parts of ceramsite and 50 parts of calcium silicate board particles to obtain the soil conditioner.
Example 4:
example 4 of the present invention provides a soil conditioner prepared using calcium silicate board waste, which is different from example 1 in that the binder is attapulgite, and the rest of the preparation methods are the same as example 1.
Example 5:
example 5 of the present invention provides a soil conditioner prepared using calcium silicate board waste, which is different from example 2 in that the binder is attapulgite, and the rest of the preparation methods are the same as example 2.
Example 6:
example 6 of the present invention provides a soil conditioner prepared using calcium silicate board waste, which is different from example 3 in that the binder is attapulgite, and the rest of the preparation methods are the same as example 3.
The soil conditioner provided in embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention was tested for its effect by the following method:
the experimental culture soil is divided into 7 parts, each part is 5kg in weight, and urea and monocalcium phosphate which are equal in quantity are added into each part, wherein the dosage of the urea is 1.5g/kg, and the dosage of the monocalcium phosphate is 1 g/kg. One group of 7 groups of culture soil added with the fertilizer is randomly selected as a comparative example without adding the soil conditioner, the other six groups are respectively added with the soil conditioner obtained in the examples 1-6, and the dosage of the soil conditioner is 100 g/kg. Stirring each group of culture soil uniformly, adding 1000ml of deionized water respectively, and performing outdoor static culture for 7 days to obtain the results shown in table 1, wherein the method for measuring the leaching rate in table 1 comprises the following steps: and (3) respectively taking 50g of samples in each group of culture soil, leaching each sample by using 800ml of deionized water, collecting leachate, and measuring the content of the quick-acting nitrogen and the quick-acting phosphorus in the solution.
TABLE 1 index values for soils in examples 1-6 and comparative examples
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the comparative examples, the soil improved by the soil conditioner prepared in examples 1 to 6 has reduced capacity, increased porosity, increased water content and reduced leaching rate, which shows that the water holding capacity and fertilizer holding capacity of the soil are greatly improved by the soil conditioner of the invention. The main raw materials of the soil conditioner provided by the invention are waste calcium silicate boards and polishing powder, the waste of the calcium silicate boards is effectively utilized, and the cost for preparing the soil conditioner is lower.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A soil conditioner prepared from calcium silicate board waste is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5-50 parts of calcium silicate board particles and 50-95 parts of ceramsite, wherein the ceramsite is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of binder; wherein the particle size of the calcium silicate board particles is larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes, and the particle size of the calcium silicate board powder is smaller than 100 meshes.
2. A soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein said calcium silicate board comprises a calcium silicate board produced by an autoclave method based on the reaction principle of silica and calcium oxide using a siliceous material, a calcareous material and an auxiliary agent; the siliceous material comprises one or more of powdered quartz, diatomite, fly ash, perlite and opal; the calcareous material comprises lime and/or carbide mud; the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of plant pulp, asbestos, wollastonite, glass fiber and mineral fiber.
3. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein said calcium silicate board powder comprises a material of less than 100 meshes produced after the defective calcium silicate board is crushed and a polishing powder of less than 100 meshes produced during the production of the calcium silicate board.
4. A soil amendment according to claim 1, wherein the binder is sepiolite and/or attapulgite.
5. A method for preparing a soil conditioner by utilizing calcium silicate board waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing the defective calcium silicate board products to below 20 meshes, sequentially sieving with a 20-mesh sieve and a 100-mesh sieve, collecting materials with the particle size larger than 100 meshes and smaller than 20 meshes to obtain calcium silicate board particles, collecting powder with the particle size smaller than 100 meshes and mixing with calcium silicate board polishing powder to obtain calcium silicate board powder, wherein the particle size of the calcium silicate board polishing powder is smaller than 100 meshes;
s2, uniformly mixing the calcium silicate board powder with a binder according to 70-90 parts of the calcium silicate board powder and 10-30 parts of the binder, adjusting the water content of the obtained mixture to 50-250%, then granulating, drying the granules obtained after granulation until the water content is 7-12%, and obtaining ceramsite;
s3, uniformly mixing the ceramsite and the calcium silicate board particles according to 50-95 parts of the ceramsite and 5-50 parts of the calcium silicate board particles to obtain the soil conditioner.
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2020
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JP5063473B2 (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2012-10-31 | 三菱マテリアル建材株式会社 | Method for producing granulated artificial soil |
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CN103436266A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-11 | 华南理工大学 | Method for producing secondary element acid-soil conditioning agent by using industrial calcium silicate board waste materials |
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Application publication date: 20200619 |