CN111303856A - Dispersant of hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Dispersant of hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111303856A
CN111303856A CN202010241158.3A CN202010241158A CN111303856A CN 111303856 A CN111303856 A CN 111303856A CN 202010241158 A CN202010241158 A CN 202010241158A CN 111303856 A CN111303856 A CN 111303856A
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hydrophobic
ceramsite
fracturing
preparation
sulfate
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张道明
苗海龙
王超群
陈缘博
刁琪
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China Oilfield Services Ltd
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China Oilfield Services Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/62Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
    • C09K8/66Compositions based on water or polar solvents
    • C09K8/68Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/80Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/84Compositions based on water or polar solvents
    • C09K8/86Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
    • C09K8/88Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
    • C09K8/885Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds

Abstract

A dispersant of hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: and (3) uniformly mixing the wetting agent, the auxiliary dispersing agent and the foam inhibitor at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ to obtain the dispersing agent. The dispersing agent has strong dispersing capacity, can be used for dispersing hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing in a water phase, can rapidly disperse a large amount of hydrophobic ceramsite in the water phase by adding a small amount of the dispersing agent, prolongs the dispersing time of the hydrophobic ceramsite in the water phase, has good dispersing effect, avoids the reduction of the sand carrying performance of fracturing fluid caused by the hydrophobic surface of the hydrophobic ceramsite, and can meet the requirements of field operation.

Description

Dispersant of hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to but is not limited to the technical field of fracturing, in particular to but not limited to a dispersant of hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Along with the continuous deepening of oil and gas exploitation, fracturing operation is widely applied to increasing and stabilizing yield of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs and middle and later high-water-content and high-permeability oil and gas reservoirs. Fracturing proppants are key materials pumped into the formation with fracturing fluid for propping fractures and pores to improve reservoir permeability, and the performance of the fracturing proppants is related to the success or failure of fracturing operation and even influences the economic life of operation blocks. The hydrophobic ceramsite proppant not only can play a role in propping cracks and improving the formation permeability of a conventional proppant, but also has a strong hydrophobic effect due to hydrophobic surfaces and pores formed after tight arrangement, so that a pore channel for water plugging and oil drainage is formed, and the role in stabilizing oil and controlling water is played.
But instead. The hydrophobic ceramsite has hydrophobic surface, is agglomerated in a large amount when meeting water and floats on the water surface under the action of interfacial tension, and can hardly be dispersed in water directly, so that the sand carrying performance of the fracturing fluid is greatly reduced, and the effects of fracturing operation crack creation and crack maintenance are reduced. At present, the hydrophobic ceramsite is only stirred and dispersed by a physical method, and then the hydrophobic ceramsite is dispersed by the viscosity and the shear force of the fracturing fluid, so that the dispersing time is short, and the effect is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a dispersing agent, the dispersing agent has strong dispersing capacity, can be used for dispersing hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing, can quickly disperse a large amount of hydrophobic ceramsite in a water phase by adding a small amount of the dispersing agent, prolongs the dispersing time of the hydrophobic ceramsite in the water phase, has good dispersing effect, avoids the reduction of sand carrying performance of fracturing fluid caused by hydrophobic surface of the hydrophobic ceramsite, and can meet the requirements of field operation.
Specifically, the application provides a preparation method of a dispersant of hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing, which comprises the following steps: and (3) uniformly mixing the wetting agent, the auxiliary dispersing agent and the foam inhibitor at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ to obtain the dispersing agent.
In the examples of the present application, the weight ratio of the wetting agent, the co-dispersant and the suds suppressor, based on the active ingredient, may be 30-60:20-35: 3-10.
In the embodiment of the application, the wetting agent, the dispersion aid and the foam inhibitor can be uniformly mixed by stirring, and the stirring time can be 1-4 h.
In embodiments herein, the wetting agent may be selected from any one or more of a polyethylene glycol type nonionic surfactant and a nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant.
Optionally, the polyethylene glycol type nonionic surfactant is selected from any one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (7) ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (3) ether and ethyl phenyl polyethylene glycol;
in embodiments herein, the dispersion aid may be selected from any one or more of the sulfate-type anionic and nonionic surfactants.
In the examples of the present application, the sulfate type anionic nonionic surfactant may be selected from any one or more of sodium alkyl alcohol alkoxylate sulfate and alkylphenol ethoxylate sulfate.
Optionally, the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate may be selected from any one or more of sodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) sulfate, sodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene (4) ether sulfate, and ammonium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene (4) ether sulfate.
In embodiments herein, the suds suppressor may be selected from any one or more of silicone suds suppressors and polyether suds suppressors.
The application also provides the dispersant of the hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing, which is obtained by the preparation method.
The application also provides a fracturing fluid base fluid which comprises water and the dispersant of the hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing.
In the fracturing fluid base fluid of the embodiment of the application, the addition amount of the dispersant can be 0.3-3 wt% of the addition amount of the water.
In the fracturing fluid base fluid of the embodiments of the present application, the water may be seawater or fresh water.
The application also provides a fracturing propping agent base fluid, which comprises the fracturing fluid base fluid and the hydrophobic ceramsite.
In the fracturing proppant base fluid of the embodiment of the application, the addition amount of the hydrophobic ceramsite is less than 20 wt% of the addition amount of water in the fracturing fluid base fluid.
The method is based on the principle of wetting reversal, uses the surfactant, namely the wetting agent and the auxiliary dispersing agent to be adsorbed on the surface of the hydrophobic ceramsite, improves the surface property of the hydrophobic ceramsite, and solves the problems that the fracturing fluid sand carrying efficiency is greatly reduced and the fracture forming capacity is reduced due to the fact that the hydrophobic ceramsite propping agent is aggregated in a large amount, floats on the surface of a water phase and is not easy to disperse in the preparation process of the fracturing fluid. Meanwhile, after the fracturing operation is finished, on one hand, the adsorption of the surfactant on the hydrophobic ceramsite has timeliness, and on the other hand, the surfactant can be adsorbed with bottom clay, rock and the like in the stratum, so that the hydrophobic ceramsite is gradually separated from the adsorption of the surfactant to gradually recover the surface performance, and the oil and water stabilizing and controlling functions of the hydrophobic ceramsite are not affected.
The dispersing agent has strong dispersing capacity, a large amount of hydrophobic ceramsite can be rapidly and effectively dispersed in a water phase for a long time (long-acting dispersion of the hydrophobic ceramsite in water can be rapidly realized within 1 min) by using a small amount of fracturing fluid base fluid containing the low-concentration dispersing agent, and the hydrophobic ceramsite treated by the dispersing agent is stable in dispersion, free of agglomeration and floating, and free of adhesion between particles. In addition, the dispersing agent also has the advantages of environmental friendliness, low foam, quick defoaming, water lock prevention and good compatibility with crude oil and seawater.
The dispersant can be suitable for any scene that the hydrophobic ceramsite is dispersed in water, for example, a scene that the hydrophobic ceramsite is dissolved in seawater to prepare the offshore fracturing propping agent in the offshore fracturing technology.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. Other advantages of the present application may be realized and attained by the instrumentalities and methods described in the specification.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
The sources of a part of the raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1, and other raw materials are general commercial products unless otherwise specified.
Table 1 summary of the materials
Figure BDA0002432616260000031
Figure BDA0002432616260000041
Example 1
(1) Stirring fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether AEO-9, alkyl alcohol alkoxylated sodium sulfate AS-801 and an organosilicon foam inhibitor XDD-S222 at the weight ratio of 50:25:3 of effective components for 3 hours at 50 ℃, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dispersing agent;
(2) and (2) adding the dispersing agent obtained in the step (1) into seawater according to 1% of the weight of the seawater, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the fracturing fluid base fluid.
Example 2
(1) Stirring and uniformly mixing a nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant FC-01, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate NPES-4 and a polyether foam inhibitor DF-103 at the weight ratio of 30:35:10 of effective components at 40 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain a dispersing agent;
(2) and (2) adding the dispersing agent obtained in the step (1) into seawater according to 3% of the weight of the seawater, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the fracturing fluid base fluid.
Example 3
(1) Stirring fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether AEO-9, alkyl alcohol alkoxylated sodium sulfate AS-801 and organosilicon foam inhibitor XDD-S222 at the weight ratio of 30:35:3 of effective components for 4 hours at 50 ℃, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dispersing agent;
(2) and (2) adding the dispersing agent obtained in the step (1) into seawater according to 0.3% of the weight of the seawater, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the fracturing fluid base fluid.
Example 4
(1) Stirring fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether AEO-9, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate NPES-4 and polyether foam inhibitor DF-103 according to the weight ratio of the effective components of 60:20:3 at 40 ℃ for 3h, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dispersing agent;
(2) and (2) adding the dispersing agent obtained in the step (1) into seawater according to 1% of the weight of the seawater, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the fracturing fluid base fluid.
Example 5
(1) Stirring and uniformly mixing a nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant FC-01, alkyl alcohol alkoxylated sodium sulfate AS-801 and a polyether foam inhibitor DF-103 at the weight ratio of 60:20:10 of effective components for 3 hours at 40 ℃ to obtain a dispersing agent;
(2) and (2) adding the dispersing agent obtained in the step (1) into seawater according to 1% of the weight of the seawater, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the fracturing fluid base fluid.
Example 6
(1) Stirring fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether, alkyl alcohol alkoxylated sodium sulfate AS-801 and organosilicon foam inhibitor XDD-S222 according to the weight ratio of the effective components of 50:25:8 for 3h at 60 ℃ and uniformly mixing to obtain a dispersing agent;
(2) and (2) adding the dispersing agent obtained in the step (1) into seawater according to 0.3% of the weight of the seawater, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the fracturing fluid base fluid.
Example 7
(1) Stirring and uniformly mixing ethyl phenyl polyethylene glycol, alkyl alcohol alkoxylated sodium sulfate AS-801 and polyether foam inhibitor DF-103 at the weight ratio of 50:25:8 of effective components at 50 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a dispersing agent;
(2) and (2) adding the dispersing agent obtained in the step (1) into seawater according to 1% of the weight of the seawater, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the fracturing fluid base fluid.
Comparative example 1
(1) Uniformly mixing polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (cationic surfactant), nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate NPES-4 and polyether foam inhibitor DF-103 at the weight ratio of 60:20:3 of effective components for 3 hours at 40 ℃ to obtain a dispersing agent;
(2) and (2) adding the dispersing agent obtained in the step (1) into seawater according to 1% of the weight of the seawater, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the fracturing fluid base fluid.
Comparative example 2
(1) Stirring fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether, sodium dodecyl sulfate and an organic silicon foam inhibitor XDD-S222 according to the weight ratio of 50:25:3 by mass parts at 50 ℃ for 3 hours, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dispersing agent;
(2) and (2) adding the dispersing agent obtained in the step (1) into seawater according to 1% of the weight of the seawater, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the fracturing fluid base fluid.
Comparative example 3
(1) Stirring fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether AEO-9 and an organosilicon foam inhibitor XDD-S222 according to the weight ratio of 30:3 of the effective components at 50 ℃ for 3 hours, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dispersing agent;
(2) and (2) adding the dispersing agent obtained in the step (1) into seawater according to 0.3% of the weight of the seawater, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the fracturing fluid base fluid.
Comparative example 4
(1) Stirring and uniformly mixing alkyl alcohol alkoxylated sodium sulfate AS-801 and organosilicon foam inhibitor XDD-S222 at the weight ratio of 35:3 of active ingredients for 3h at 40 ℃ to obtain a dispersing agent;
(2) and (2) adding the dispersing agent obtained in the step (1) into seawater according to 0.3% of the weight of the seawater, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the fracturing fluid base fluid.
The fracturing proppants prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were tested for appearance, dispersing performance, amount of foam, defoaming effect, and crude oil emulsifying performance.
Comparative example 5
(1) Stirring fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether and sodium alkyl alcohol alkoxylated sulfate AS-801 at 50 ℃ for 3 hours according to the weight ratio of the effective components of 50:25, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dispersing agent;
(2) and (2) adding the dispersing agent obtained in the step (1) into seawater according to 1% of the weight of the seawater, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the fracturing fluid base fluid.
The base fluids of the fracturing fluids prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were tested for appearance, dispersion properties, amount of foam, defoaming effect, and crude oil emulsification properties.
The test process is as follows:
1. appearance of supernatant
Direct observation
2. Rate of dispersion
(1) 100mL of base fluid of the fracturing fluid prepared in the embodiment and the comparative example is measured, stirred uniformly and poured into a 300mL beaker;
(2) adding 20g of hydrophobic ceramsite, and recording the mass as W1Uniformly stirring, sealing by using a preservative film, and standing for 4 hours at normal temperature and 50 ℃ respectively;
(3) after standing, taking out the ceramsite floating on the surface of the liquid level by using a spoon, filtering out the liquid to obtain hydrophobic ceramsite which is settled at the bottom and suspended in the liquid, washing, drying at 105 ℃, weighing, and recording the mass as W2
(4) Dispersion ratio c ═ W2/W1X 100 percent, and the required dispersion rate c is more than or equal to 70 percent.
3. Evaluation of emulsification Properties
(1) Pouring the fracturing fluid base fluid prepared in the above examples and comparative examples into a clean colorimetric tube to about 50mL of scale mark;
(2) pouring crude oil to 100mL of scale marks;
(3) manually shaking the colorimetric tube for 200 times to uniformly mix the internal liquid;
(4) and (5) placing the colorimetric tube into a 50 ℃ oven, keeping the temperature constant for 4 hours, and observing whether an emulsion layer exists or not.
4. Evaluation of foaming Properties
(1) Adding 1 wt% of hydrophobic ceramsite accounting for the addition amount of seawater into the fracturing fluid base fluids prepared in the above examples and comparative examples respectively to prepare fracturing proppant base fluid, uniformly stirring, and pouring into a clean measuring cylinder with a plug (100mL) to reach about 50mL of scale mark;
(2) manually shaking the colorimetric tube for 100 times, standing on a desktop, immediately measuring the foam height and starting timing;
(3) the time was stopped when the foam was substantially eliminated and the time to foam was recorded.
The test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Properties of base fluids for fracturing fluids prepared in examples and comparative examples
Figure BDA0002432616260000081
Compared with the comparative examples, the dispersing agent in the embodiment of the application has the advantages that the dispersing ability is remarkably stronger, the compatibility with seawater is good, the hydrophobic ceramsite can be uniformly dispersed in the seawater to obtain the clear and transparent fracturing propping agent base fluid, the hydrophobic ceramsite can be effectively dispersed for a long time, the dispersion rate of standing for 4 hours at normal temperature and 50 ℃ is still more than 90%, and the dispersion rate is remarkably higher than that of the comparative examples 1-4, so that the dispersing agent in the embodiment of the application can fully disperse the hydrophobic ceramsite in 4 hours and is enough for fracturing operation. Moreover, as can be seen from the examples and comparative examples 3-4, the dispersing effect of the dispersing agent prepared by only adding a single wetting agent or dispersion aid is poor, and only the dispersing rate of the comparative example 3 after standing for 4 hours at normal temperature is qualified, but the dispersing agent and the dispersion aid are compounded in the example 3 of the application, so that the dispersing effect of the prepared dispersing agent is remarkably improved, and the dispersing rates of standing for 4 hours at normal temperature and 50 ℃ are respectively 94% and 93%.
The base fluids of the fracturing fluids corresponding to the comparative examples 1-2 are turbid and precipitated to different degrees, and the base fluids of the fracturing fluids corresponding to the comparative examples 3-4 are mostly unqualified in dispersion rate, so that the results of crude oil emulsification experiments are not listed. In addition, as can be seen from comparative example 5, if the foam inhibitor is not added, a large amount of foam is generated, which is difficult to eliminate, and is not favorable for field work.
Although the embodiments disclosed in the present application are described above, the descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a dispersant of hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing comprises the following steps: and (3) uniformly mixing the wetting agent, the auxiliary dispersing agent and the foam inhibitor at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ to obtain the dispersing agent.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the wetting agent, the dispersion aid agent and the foam inhibitor is 30-60:20-35:3-10 in terms of active ingredients.
3. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the wetting agent, the dispersion aid and the foam inhibitor are uniformly mixed by stirring for 1-4 h.
4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wetting agent is selected from any one or more of a polyethylene glycol type nonionic surfactant and a nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant;
optionally, the polyethylene glycol type nonionic surfactant is selected from any one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (7) ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (3) ether and ethyl phenyl polyethylene glycol.
5. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dispersion aid additive is selected from any one or more of sulfate type anionic and nonionic surfactants.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the sulfate type anionic nonionic surfactant is selected from any one or more of sodium alkyl alcohol alkoxylate sulfate and alkylphenol ethoxylate sulfate;
optionally, the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is selected from any one or more of sodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) sulfate, sodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene (4) ether sulfate and ammonium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene (4) ether sulfate.
7. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the foam inhibitor is selected from any one or more of a silicone foam inhibitor and a polyether foam inhibitor.
8. The dispersant of the hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-7.
9. A fracturing fluid base fluid comprising water and the dispersant of the hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing of claim 8; optionally, the addition amount of the dispersant accounts for 0.3-3 wt% of the addition amount of the water;
optionally, the water is seawater or fresh water.
10. A fracturing proppant base fluid comprising the fracturing fluid base fluid of claim 9 and a hydrophobic ceramsite; optionally, the addition amount of the hydrophobic ceramsite is less than 20 wt% of the addition amount of water in the fracturing fluid base fluid.
CN202010241158.3A 2020-03-31 2020-03-31 Dispersant of hydrophobic ceramsite for fracturing and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN111303856A (en)

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Application publication date: 20200619