CN111303519A - Corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film which comprises a modified graphene film and a modified polyethylene heat-insulation film, wherein the modified graphene film is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of graphene, 10-15 parts of sodium nitrate, 200 parts of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, 2-4 parts of potassium chlorate, 50-70 parts of 10% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, 60-90 parts of dodecylamine and 8-15 parts of polyacrylamide; the invention also discloses a preparation process of the corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film; the modified graphene film has excellent corrosion resistance, and the surface energy of the modified graphene film is reduced, so that the compounding capability of the modified graphene film and a substrate can be enhanced; the method solves the technical problems that the graphene has super van der Waals force and conjugate acting force, a three-dimensional structure is easily formed, the dispersibility of the graphene in an organic phase and a water phase solvent is poor, and the graphene film prepared by the method cannot be uniformly compounded with a substrate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite films, and particularly relates to a corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film and a preparation process thereof.
Background
Due to environmental reasons, the heat-insulating building material is often corroded in the processes of production and later storage, and the corrosion resistance in the processes of mechanical property and use of the heat-insulating building material is adversely affected by the corrosion resistance, so that the service life of the heat-insulating building material is seriously affected.
The Chinese invention patent CN104788795A discloses a corrosion-resistant film material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the packaging material mainly comprises a carrier material, adhesive resin and novolac epoxy resin for high-temperature adhesive; the carrier material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-13 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 2-13 parts of high polymer polypropylene and 1-14 parts of polysulfone, wherein the quantitative requirement of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 20-35g/m215-25g/m of high polymer polypropylene2Polysulfone 13-30g/m2(ii) a The binding resin is melamine formaldehyde resin or melamine urea formaldehyde resin suitable for impregnation, wherein the resin solid content is 41-52%. The corrosion-resistant film material prepared by the method has the characteristics of strong tensile capability, good weather resistance and moderate deformation temperature; and can resist strong acid, strong base and organic solvent; convenient to use, easy operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides a corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film and a preparation process thereof.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
(1) the graphene has super van der Waals force and conjugate acting force, a three-dimensional structure is easily formed, so that the graphene has poor dispersibility in an organic phase and a water phase solvent, and a graphene film prepared by the graphene cannot be uniformly compounded with a substrate;
(2) the polyethylene molecular structure is compact, and when the film prepared by the polyethylene molecular structure is adhered to other films through the adhesive, the adhesive molecules are not easy to enter the polyethylene molecules, so that the integrity of the polyethylene film compounded with other films is poor, and the phenomena of layering, glue failure and the like are easy to occur.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film comprises a modified graphene film and a modified polyethylene heat-insulation film, and is prepared by the following method:
step one, preparing a modified polyethylene heat-insulating film:
step S1, mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight ratio of 10: 1, heating in a water bath at 45 ℃, adding a coupling agent, magnetically stirring for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, then carrying out ball milling on chitosan, controlling the ball milling rotation speed to be 300r/min, adding the mixture into the mixed solution after 2h of ball milling, stirring for 2h at the rotation speed of 120r/min, carrying out suction filtration, washing for 3 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring the mixture into a vacuum drying box at 80 ℃ for drying for 5h, controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum drying box to be-0.10 MPa, and preparing primarily treated chitosan particles, wherein the weight ratio of the chitosan to the mixed solution is controlled to be 1: 10-13;
step S2, mixing the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite, drying for 4 hours at 110 ℃, then heating to 150-;
and secondly, compounding the modified polyethylene heat-insulation film and the modified graphene film through an adhesive to prepare the corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film.
The chitosan after ball milling is subjected to primary treatment through a coupling agent in the step S1, the chitosan particles, the polyethylene particles, the aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and the pentaerythritol diphosphite are mixed and cast into a film in the step S2, a polar group can be added on a polyethylene molecular chain through the chitosan in the film forming process, further the crystallinity is reduced, the molecular structure is not compact, the chitosan is a hydrophilic substance, and a large number of hydrophilic groups exist on the surface of the chitosan, so that the polyethylene molecular structure modified through the chitosan is not compact, when the heat preservation film prepared through the chitosan and the modified graphene film are adhered through an adhesive, adhesive molecules can easily enter the polyethylene molecules, the integrity of the heat preservation film and the modified graphene film is enhanced, the phenomena of layering, glue splitting and the like are prevented, and the heat preservation film formed by casting of the chitosan, the polyethylene and the like has excellent heat preservation performance, endowing the finally prepared composite membrane with good heat preservation performance.
Further, the modified graphene film is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of graphene, 10-15 parts of sodium nitrate, 200 parts of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid in volume fraction, 2-4 parts of potassium chlorate, 50-70 parts of 10% aqueous hydrogen peroxide in mass fraction, 60-90 parts of dodecylamine and 8-15 parts of polyacrylamide.
Further, the modified graphene film is prepared by the following method:
(1) adding graphene into a beaker, adding sodium nitrate and 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring in an ice bath for 15min, adding potassium chlorate, continuing to stir for 30min, then heating in a water bath at 40 ℃ for 3h, reacting for 3h, adding deionized water, heating to 75 ℃, reacting for 30min, adding 10% aqueous hydrogen peroxide, continuing to react for 10min, and preparing a graphene oxide solution;
(2) adding dodecylamine into absolute ethyl alcohol, magnetically stirring for 15min, adding the graphene oxide solution prepared in the step (1), ultrasonically stirring for 30min, magnetically stirring for 12h, filtering, washing, and transferring to a drying oven at 80 ℃ for drying for 4h to prepare modified graphene oxide;
(3) dispersing the dried modified graphene oxide in a xylene solution, heating to 110 ℃, adding polyacrylamide, magnetically stirring for 30min, cooling to 75 ℃, continuing stirring until the temperature is reduced, drying, and then pressing the film at 150 ℃ to obtain the modified graphene film.
The method comprises the following steps that (1) superstrong van der Waals force and conjugate acting force exist among graphene, a three-dimensional structure is easy to form, and the dispersibility of the graphene in an organic phase and an aqueous phase solvent is poor, graphene oxide is prepared from the graphene under the action of potassium chlorate, 10% hydrogen peroxide water solution and the like, the graphene oxide can be dispersed in water and can also be dispersed in the organic solvent, and rich oxygen-containing functional groups are added on the surface of the graphene oxide, so that the graphene oxide is not easy to agglomerate; and (2) modifying graphene oxide, controlling the weight ratio of the graphene oxide to dodecylamine to be 1: 3, reacting carboxyl on the graphene oxide with dodecylamine amino, replacing the carboxyl with amino, and completely replacing the carboxyl with amino by controlling the weight ratio to be 1: 3 to obtain the modified graphene oxide, wherein the modified graphene oxide is changed from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity, and then can be dispersed in dimethylbenzene in the step (3) to further prepare a uniform modified graphene film, and the modified graphene film not only has excellent corrosion resistance, but also has reduced surface energy and further can enhance the compounding capability with a substrate.
Further, the coupling agent in the first step S1 is one or both of KH550 and KH 560.
Furthermore, the adhesive in the second step is one or two of water-based plastic-plastic composite adhesive and pressure-sensitive adhesive.
A preparation process of a corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a modified polyethylene heat-insulating film:
step S1, mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight ratio of 10: 1, heating in a water bath at 45 ℃, adding a coupling agent, magnetically stirring for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, then carrying out ball milling on chitosan, controlling the ball milling rotation speed to be 300r/min, adding the mixture into the mixed solution after 2h of ball milling, stirring for 2h at the rotation speed of 120r/min, carrying out suction filtration, washing for 3 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring the mixture into a vacuum drying box at 80 ℃ for drying for 5h, controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum drying box to be-0.10 MPa, and preparing primarily treated chitosan particles, wherein the weight ratio of the chitosan to the mixed solution is controlled to be 1: 10-13;
step S2, mixing the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite, drying for 4 hours at 110 ℃, then heating to 150-;
and secondly, compounding the modified polyethylene heat-insulation film and the modified graphene film through an adhesive to prepare the corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to a corrosion-resistant heat-insulating building material surface composite film which comprises a modified graphene film and a modified polyethylene heat-insulating film, wherein in the preparation process of the modified polyethylene heat-insulating film, chitosan after ball grinding is subjected to primary treatment through a coupling agent in step S1, in step S2, chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite are mixed and subjected to tape casting to form a film, in the film forming process, polar groups can be added on polyethylene molecular chains through the chitosan, so that the crystallinity is reduced, the molecular structure is not compact, the chitosan is a hydrophilic substance, a large number of hydrophilic groups exist on the surface, the molecular structure of the polyethylene modified through the chitosan is not compact, when the heat-insulating film prepared through the chitosan is adhered to the modified graphene film through an adhesive, adhesive molecules can easily enter the polyethylene molecules, the integrity of the heat preservation film and the modified graphene film is enhanced, the phenomena of layering, glue opening and the like are prevented, and the film prepared by casting chitosan, polyethylene and the like has excellent heat preservation performance, so that the finally prepared composite film has good heat preservation performance; the technical problems that the polyethylene molecular structure is compact, and when a film prepared by the polyethylene molecular structure is adhered to other films through an adhesive, the adhesive molecules are not easy to enter the polyethylene molecules, so that the integrity of the polyethylene film and other films after being compounded is poor, and the phenomena of layering, glue failure and the like are easy to occur are solved;
(2) in the preparation process of the modified graphene film, graphene oxide is prepared from graphene under the action of potassium chlorate, 10% hydrogen peroxide water solution and the like in step (1), the graphene oxide can be dispersed in water and can also be dispersed in an organic solvent, and rich oxygen-containing functional groups are added on the surface of the graphene oxide, so that the graphene oxide film is not easy to agglomerate; modifying graphene oxide, controlling the weight ratio of graphene oxide to dodecylamine to be 1: 3, reacting carboxyl on the graphene oxide with dodecylamine amino, replacing the carboxyl with amino, and controlling the weight ratio to be 1: 3, wherein the carboxyl is completely replaced with amino to prepare modified graphene oxide, the modified graphene oxide is changed from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity, and then the modified graphene oxide can be dispersed in dimethylbenzene in the step (3), so that a uniform modified graphene film can be prepared, and the modified graphene film not only has excellent corrosion resistance, but also has reduced surface energy, so that the compounding capability with a substrate can be enhanced; the method solves the technical problems that the graphene has super van der Waals force and conjugate acting force, a three-dimensional structure is easily formed, the dispersibility of the graphene in an organic phase and a water phase solvent is poor, and the graphene film prepared by the method cannot be uniformly compounded with a substrate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film comprises a modified graphene film and a modified polyethylene heat-insulation film, and is prepared by the following method:
step one, preparing a modified polyethylene heat-insulating film:
step S1, mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight ratio of 10: 1, heating in a water bath at 45 ℃, adding KH550, magnetically stirring for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, then carrying out ball milling on chitosan, controlling the ball milling rotation speed to be 300r/min, adding the ball milled mixture into the mixed solution after 2h ball milling, stirring for 2h at the rotation speed of 120r/min, carrying out suction filtration, washing for 3 times with absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring the mixed solution into a vacuum drying box at 80 ℃ for drying for 5h, controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum drying box to be-0.10 MPa, and preparing primarily treated chitosan particles, wherein the weight ratio of chitosan to the mixed solution is controlled to be 1: 10;
step S2, mixing the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite, drying for 4 hours at 110 ℃, heating to 180 ℃, reacting for 2 hours at the temperature to prepare a mixed melt, casting into a film to prepare a heat-insulating film, and controlling the weight ratio of the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite to be 0.8: 95: 8;
and secondly, compounding the modified polyethylene heat-insulation film and the modified graphene film through a pressure-sensitive adhesive to obtain the corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film.
The modified graphene film is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of graphene, 10 parts of sodium nitrate, 200 parts of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, 2 parts of potassium chlorate, 50 parts of 10% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, 60 parts of dodecylamine and 8 parts of polyacrylamide.
The modified graphene film is prepared by the following method:
(1) adding graphene into a beaker, adding sodium nitrate and 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring in an ice bath for 15min, adding potassium chlorate, continuing to stir for 30min, then heating in a water bath at 40 ℃ for 3h, reacting for 3h, adding deionized water, heating to 75 ℃, reacting for 30min, adding 10% aqueous hydrogen peroxide, continuing to react for 10min, and preparing a graphene oxide solution;
(2) adding dodecylamine into absolute ethyl alcohol, magnetically stirring for 15min, adding the graphene oxide solution prepared in the step (1), ultrasonically stirring for 30min, magnetically stirring for 12h, filtering, washing, and transferring to a drying oven at 80 ℃ for drying for 4h to prepare modified graphene oxide;
(3) dispersing the dried modified graphene oxide in a xylene solution, heating to 110 ℃, adding polyacrylamide, magnetically stirring for 30min, cooling to 75 ℃, continuing stirring until the temperature is reduced, drying, and then pressing the film at 150 ℃ to obtain the modified graphene film.
Example 2
The corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film comprises a modified graphene film and a modified polyethylene heat-insulation film, and is prepared by the following method:
step one, preparing a modified polyethylene heat-insulating film:
step S1, mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight ratio of 10: 1, heating in a water bath at 45 ℃, adding KH550, magnetically stirring for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, then carrying out ball milling on chitosan, controlling the ball milling rotation speed to be 300r/min, adding the ball milled mixture into the mixed solution after 2h ball milling, stirring for 2h at the rotation speed of 120r/min, carrying out suction filtration, washing for 3 times with absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring the mixed solution into a vacuum drying box at 80 ℃ for drying for 5h, controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum drying box to be-0.10 MPa, and preparing primarily treated chitosan particles, wherein the weight ratio of chitosan to the mixed solution is controlled to be 1: 12;
step S2, mixing the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite, drying for 4 hours at 110 ℃, heating to 180 ℃, reacting for 2 hours at the temperature to prepare a mixed melt, casting into a film to prepare a heat-insulating film, and controlling the weight ratio of the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite to be 0.8: 96: 8: 9;
and secondly, compounding the modified polyethylene heat-insulation film and the modified graphene film through a pressure-sensitive adhesive to obtain the corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 3
The corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film comprises a modified graphene film and a modified polyethylene heat-insulation film, and is prepared by the following method:
step one, preparing a modified polyethylene heat-insulating film:
step S1, mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight ratio of 10: 1, heating in a water bath at 45 ℃, adding KH550, magnetically stirring for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, then carrying out ball milling on chitosan, controlling the ball milling rotation speed to be 300r/min, adding the ball milled mixture into the mixed solution after 2h ball milling, stirring for 2h at the rotation speed of 120r/min, carrying out suction filtration, washing for 3 times with absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring the mixed solution into a vacuum drying box at 80 ℃ for drying for 5h, controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum drying box to be-0.10 MPa, and preparing primarily treated chitosan particles, wherein the weight ratio of chitosan to the mixed solution is controlled to be 1: 13;
step S2, mixing the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite, drying for 4 hours at 110 ℃, heating to 180 ℃, reacting for 2 hours at the temperature to prepare a mixed melt, casting into a film to prepare a heat-insulating film, and controlling the weight ratio of the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite to be 1.0: 98: 8: 10;
and secondly, compounding the modified polyethylene heat-insulation film and the modified graphene film through a pressure-sensitive adhesive to obtain the corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 4
The corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film comprises a modified graphene film and a modified polyethylene heat-insulation film, and is prepared by the following method:
step one, preparing a modified polyethylene heat-insulating film:
step S1, mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight ratio of 10: 1, heating in a water bath at 45 ℃, adding KH550, magnetically stirring for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, then carrying out ball milling on chitosan, controlling the ball milling rotation speed to be 300r/min, adding the ball milled mixture into the mixed solution after 2h ball milling, stirring for 2h at the rotation speed of 120r/min, carrying out suction filtration, washing for 3 times with absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring the mixed solution into a vacuum drying box at 80 ℃ for drying for 5h, controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum drying box to be-0.10 MPa, and preparing primarily treated chitosan particles, wherein the weight ratio of chitosan to the mixed solution is controlled to be 1: 13;
step S2, mixing the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite, drying for 4 hours at 110 ℃, heating to 180 ℃, reacting for 2 hours at the temperature to prepare a mixed melt, casting into a film to prepare a heat-insulating film, and controlling the weight ratio of the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite to be 1.0: 98: 10;
and secondly, compounding the modified polyethylene heat-insulation film and the modified graphene film through a pressure-sensitive adhesive to obtain the corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 1
Compared with example 1, the preparation method of the comparative example is as follows:
firstly, mixing polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite, drying for 4 hours at 110 ℃, then heating to 180 ℃, reacting for 2 hours at the temperature to prepare a mixed melt, and casting to form a film to prepare a heat-insulating film, wherein the weight ratio of the polyethylene particles to the aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane to the pentaerythritol diphosphite is controlled to be 95: 8;
and secondly, compounding the polyethylene film and the modified graphene film through a pressure-sensitive adhesive to obtain the corrosion-resistant heat-preservation building material surface composite film.
Comparative example 2
Compared with example 1, the preparation method of the comparative example, which replaces the modified graphene film with the graphene film, is as follows:
step one, preparing a modified polyethylene heat-insulating film:
step S1, mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight ratio of 10: 1, heating in a water bath at 45 ℃, adding KH550, magnetically stirring for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, then carrying out ball milling on chitosan, controlling the ball milling rotation speed to be 300r/min, adding the ball milled mixture into the mixed solution after 2h ball milling, stirring for 2h at the rotation speed of 120r/min, carrying out suction filtration, washing for 3 times with absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring the mixed solution into a vacuum drying box at 80 ℃ for drying for 5h, controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum drying box to be-0.10 MPa, and preparing primarily treated chitosan particles, wherein the weight ratio of chitosan to the mixed solution is controlled to be 1: 10;
step S2, mixing the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite, drying for 4 hours at 110 ℃, heating to 180 ℃, reacting for 2 hours at the temperature to prepare a mixed melt, casting into a film to prepare a heat-insulating film, and controlling the weight ratio of the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite to be 0.8: 95: 8;
and secondly, compounding the modified polyethylene heat-insulation film and the graphene film through a pressure-sensitive adhesive to obtain the corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example is a heat-insulating building material surface composite film in the market.
The corrosion resistance, heat insulating property and tensile strength of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were measured, and the results are shown in the following table;
as shown in the table, the pH resistance ranges of examples 1 to 4 are 3.2 to 11.0, the heat preservation performance is good, the tensile strength is 54 to 58MPa, the pH resistance ranges of comparative examples 1 to 3 are 4.0 to 11.0, the heat preservation performance of comparative example 1 is general, the heat preservation performance of comparative examples 2 to 3 is good, and the tensile strength is 42 to 45 MPa. Therefore, the modified graphene film has excellent corrosion resistance, and the surface energy of the modified graphene film is reduced, so that the compounding capability of the modified graphene film and a matrix can be enhanced; the method solves the technical problems that the graphene has super van der Waals force and conjugate acting force, a three-dimensional structure is easily formed, the dispersibility of the graphene in an organic phase and a water phase solvent is poor, and the graphene film prepared by the method cannot be uniformly compounded with a substrate.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film is characterized by comprising a modified graphene film and a modified polyethylene heat-insulation film, and the composite film is prepared by the following method:
step one, preparing a modified polyethylene heat-insulating film:
step S1, mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight ratio of 10: 1, heating in a water bath at 45 ℃, adding a coupling agent, magnetically stirring for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, then carrying out ball milling on chitosan, controlling the ball milling rotation speed to be 300r/min, adding the mixture into the mixed solution after 2h of ball milling, stirring for 2h at the rotation speed of 120r/min, carrying out suction filtration, washing for 3 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring the mixture into a vacuum drying box at 80 ℃ for drying for 5h, controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum drying box to be-0.10 MPa, and preparing primarily treated chitosan particles, wherein the weight ratio of the chitosan to the mixed solution is controlled to be 1: 10-13;
step S2, mixing the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite, drying for 4 hours at 110 ℃, then heating to 150-;
and secondly, compounding the modified polyethylene heat-insulation film and the modified graphene film through an adhesive to prepare the corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film.
2. The corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film according to claim 1, wherein the modified graphene film is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of graphene, 10-15 parts of sodium nitrate, 200-250 parts of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, 2-4 parts of potassium chlorate, 50-70 parts of 10% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, 60-90 parts of dodecylamine and 8-15 parts of polyacrylamide.
3. The corrosion-resistant thermal insulation building material surface composite film according to claim 1,
the modified graphene film is prepared by the following method:
(1) adding graphene into a beaker, adding sodium nitrate and 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring in an ice bath for 15min, adding potassium chlorate, continuing to stir for 30min, then heating in a water bath at 40 ℃ for 3h, reacting for 3h, adding deionized water, heating to 75 ℃, reacting for 30min, adding 10% aqueous hydrogen peroxide, continuing to react for 10min, and preparing a graphene oxide solution;
(2) adding dodecylamine into absolute ethyl alcohol, magnetically stirring for 15min, adding the graphene oxide solution prepared in the step (1), ultrasonically stirring for 30min, magnetically stirring for 12h, filtering, washing, and transferring to a drying oven at 80 ℃ for drying for 4h to prepare modified graphene oxide;
(3) dispersing the dried modified graphene oxide in a xylene solution, heating to 110 ℃, adding polyacrylamide, magnetically stirring for 30min, cooling to 75 ℃, continuing stirring until the temperature is reduced, drying, and then pressing the film at 150 ℃ to obtain the modified graphene film.
4. The corrosion-resistant thermal insulation building material surface composite film according to claim 1, wherein the coupling agent in the first step S1 is one or both of KH550 and KH 560.
5. The corrosion-resistant heat-insulating building material surface composite film according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive in the second step is one or both of a water-based plastic-plastic composite adhesive and a pressure-sensitive adhesive.
6. A preparation process of a corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, preparing a modified polyethylene heat-insulating film:
step S1, mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight ratio of 10: 1, heating in a water bath at 45 ℃, adding a coupling agent, magnetically stirring for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, then carrying out ball milling on chitosan, controlling the ball milling rotation speed to be 300r/min, adding the mixture into the mixed solution after 2h of ball milling, stirring for 2h at the rotation speed of 120r/min, carrying out suction filtration, washing for 3 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring the mixture into a vacuum drying box at 80 ℃ for drying for 5h, controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum drying box to be-0.10 MPa, and preparing primarily treated chitosan particles, wherein the weight ratio of the chitosan to the mixed solution is controlled to be 1: 10-13;
step S2, mixing the primarily treated chitosan particles, polyethylene particles, aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and pentaerythritol diphosphite, drying for 4 hours at 110 ℃, then heating to 150-;
and secondly, compounding the modified polyethylene heat-insulation film and the modified graphene film through an adhesive to prepare the corrosion-resistant heat-insulation building material surface composite film.
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