CN111300984A - Parameter self-tuning method for rotogravure printing system, rotogravure printing system - Google Patents
Parameter self-tuning method for rotogravure printing system, rotogravure printing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种针对滚版印刷系统的参数自整定方法、滚版印刷系统,方法包括在滚版印刷系统的闭环运行过程中,使用伪随机信号进行闭环辨识和低频校正,从而获得低频校正后的高阶数学模型;然后利用模型获取扰动分布信息并对其进行频谱分析,得到扰动频谱,再根据扰动频谱和模型进行控制器参数整定,整定后的控制器参数满足系统的抗干扰能力和稳定性要求。本发明解决了滚版印刷系统性能要求高、系统特性变化大、阶次高的问题,使系统在不同滚版负载下均能达到稳定性、跟踪性和抗干扰性的要求。
The invention discloses a parameter self-tuning method and a rolling printing system for a rolling printing system. The method includes using a pseudo-random signal to perform closed-loop identification and low-frequency correction during the closed-loop operation of the rolling printing system, so as to obtain the low-frequency correction. Then use the model to obtain the disturbance distribution information and perform spectrum analysis on it to obtain the disturbance spectrum, and then adjust the controller parameters according to the disturbance spectrum and the model. The adjusted controller parameters meet the system's anti-interference ability and Stability requirements. The invention solves the problems of high performance requirements, large system characteristic changes and high order of the rolling printing system, so that the system can meet the requirements of stability, tracking and anti-interference under different rolling plate loads.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及伺服控制技术领域,特别涉及一种针对滚版印刷系统的参数自整定方法、滚版印刷系统。The invention relates to the technical field of servo control, in particular to a parameter self-tuning method for a rolling printing system and a rolling printing system.
背景技术Background technique
在滚版印刷机系统中,电机与负载一般通过传动轴、齿轮或联轴器等传动机构相连接,由于传动机构刚度有限,负载惯量较大,电机与负载间存在柔性传动,这使得系统存在机械谐振,系统常呈现三阶以上的特性。而作为负载的滚版经常需要更换,每次更换的滚版惯量、形态、安装连接情况都有所不同,这就导致了更换滚版后,系统被控对象的整体特性发生较大变化,包括系统增益、机械谐振等。在这种情况下,原始控制器参数可能无法满足新对象的性能要求,甚至由于对象特性变化较大而导致不稳定。在这样的背景下,控制器的自整定就成了工程实际中不得不解决的问题。In the rolling printing press system, the motor and the load are generally connected through transmission mechanisms such as transmission shafts, gears or couplings. Due to the limited rigidity of the transmission mechanism and the large load inertia, there is a flexible transmission between the motor and the load, which makes the system exist. Mechanical resonance, the system often presents the characteristics of the third order or more. The rolling plate as a load often needs to be replaced, and the inertia, shape, and installation and connection of the rolling plate are different each time. System gain, mechanical resonance, etc. In this case, the original controller parameters may not meet the performance requirements of the new object, or even become unstable due to large changes in object characteristics. In this context, the self-tuning of the controller has become a problem that has to be solved in engineering practice.
目前商用的参数自整定分为基于规则的参数自整定和基于模型的参数自整定,基于规则的参数自整定由于规则难以制定,且设置不合理就会导致收敛时间过长甚至不稳定效果一般较差,计算量大不易实现。而基于模型的参数自整定则依赖于数学模型的精确性,当前商用控制器中模型辨识算法多为扫频辨识、阶跃辨识,前者运算时间长计算量大,后者则一般只能获得二阶以下模型,不适用于系统阶次较高、具有中高频谐振的系统。例如三菱公司最新的系列驱动器具有转动惯量辨识和参数自整定功能,它首先通过加减速流程来辨识负载转动惯量,然后根据负载转动惯量和用户自行设置的机械刚度利用经验公式来整定相关参数,而这种方式对于像滚版印刷机这种高阶、存在机械谐振漂移的系统不太适用。At present, the commercial parameter self-tuning is divided into rule-based parameter self-tuning and model-based parameter self-tuning. The rule-based parameter self-tuning is difficult to formulate rules and unreasonable settings will lead to long convergence time or even unstable effects. Poor, the amount of calculation is large and difficult to achieve. The model-based parameter self-tuning depends on the accuracy of the mathematical model. The current model identification algorithms in commercial controllers are mostly frequency sweep identification and step identification. The model below the order is not suitable for the system with higher system order and with medium and high frequency resonance. For example, the latest series of drives from Mitsubishi have the functions of moment of inertia identification and parameter self-tuning. It first identifies the moment of inertia of the load through the acceleration and deceleration process, and then uses the empirical formula to tune the relevant parameters according to the moment of inertia of the load and the mechanical stiffness set by the user. This approach is not suitable for high-order systems such as rotogravure presses, which have mechanical resonance drift.
此外,实际工程应用中往往不具备应用开环辨识方法的条件,需要被辨识的过程处于闭环控制环境之下,并且由于生产安全性和系统可靠性方面的考虑,不允许被辨识过程断开闭环来变为开环运行,因此,进行基于模型的参数自整定时,闭环辨识就显得尤为重要。In addition, the conditions for applying the open-loop identification method are often not available in practical engineering applications. The process to be identified is under a closed-loop control environment, and the identified process is not allowed to open the closed-loop due to production safety and system reliability considerations. Therefore, when performing model-based parameter auto-tuning, closed-loop identification is particularly important.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的第一目的在于克服现有技术的缺点与不足,提供一种针对滚版印刷系统的参数自整定方法,该方法可以解决滚版印刷系统性能要求高、系统特性变化大、阶次高的问题,适用于滚版印刷系统。The first object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a parameter self-tuning method for a rolling printing system. The problem applies to roll printing systems.
本发明的第二目的在于提供一种滚版印刷系统,该系统在不同滚版负载下均能达到稳定性、跟踪性和抗干扰性的要求。The second object of the present invention is to provide a roll printing system, which can meet the requirements of stability, tracking and anti-interference under different rolling loads.
本发明的第三目的在于提供一种计算设备。A third object of the present invention is to provide a computing device.
本发明的第一目的通过下述技术方案实现:一种针对滚版印刷系统的参数自整定方法,包括如下步骤:The first object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a method for parameter self-tuning of a rolling printing system, comprising the following steps:
在滚版印刷系统的闭环运行过程中,使用伪随机信号进行闭环辨识和低频校正,从而获得低频校正后的高阶数学模型;During the closed-loop operation of the rolling printing system, the pseudo-random signal is used for closed-loop identification and low-frequency correction, so as to obtain the high-order mathematical model after the low-frequency correction;
利用系统的运行数据和模型获取扰动分布信息并对其进行频谱分析,得到扰动频谱;Obtain the disturbance distribution information by using the operating data and model of the system and perform spectrum analysis on it to obtain the disturbance spectrum;
根据扰动频谱和模型进行控制器参数整定,整定后的控制器参数满足系统的抗干扰能力和稳定性要求。The controller parameters are tuned according to the disturbance spectrum and model, and the tuned controller parameters meet the requirements of the anti-interference ability and stability of the system.
优选的,使用伪随机信号进行闭环辨识和低频校正,从而获得低频校正后的高阶数学模型的过程如下:Preferably, a pseudo-random signal is used to perform closed-loop identification and low-frequency correction, so as to obtain a high-order mathematical model after low-frequency correction as follows:
(1)使用保守控制器使系统处于闭环运行状态,或者使用增益自调节控制器获得一个稳定但偏保守的控制器,使系统稳定运行至稳态;(1) Use a conservative controller to keep the system in a closed-loop operation state, or use a gain self-adjusting controller to obtain a stable but conservative controller, so that the system can run stably to a steady state;
(2)在环路中靠近待辨识对象的可控输入点中给入定长度的伪随机激励信号,使叠加信号传递到待辨识对象的输入上,然后按照采样周期采集待辨识对象输入数据和输出数据,直至伪随机信号激励结束;(2) A pseudo-random excitation signal of a fixed length is given to the controllable input point close to the object to be identified in the loop, so that the superimposed signal is transmitted to the input of the object to be identified, and then the input data and output of the object to be identified are collected according to the sampling period data until the pseudo-random signal excitation ends;
(3)判断是否能预估干扰信号频率上限,若否,则将稳态数据与对象输入输出数据进行数据融合,再辨识获得低频校正后的高阶模型;(3) Judging whether the upper limit of the frequency of the interference signal can be estimated, if not, data fusion is performed between the steady-state data and the input and output data of the object, and then the high-order model after the low-frequency correction is obtained by identification;
若是,则通过输入输出数据获取到能描述系统各频段特性的辨识模型,再对辨识模型进行低频校正,获得低频校正后的高阶数学模型。If so, obtain an identification model that can describe the characteristics of each frequency band of the system through the input and output data, and then perform low-frequency correction on the identification model to obtain a high-order mathematical model after the low-frequency correction.
更进一步的,待辨识对象为控制器输出端到该控制器输入端这一部分系统;待辨识对象输入输出数据指叠加伪随机激励信号后,待辨识对象的输入端和输出端数据ur(t)、yr(t)。Further, the object to be identified is the part of the system from the output end of the controller to the input end of the controller; the input and output data of the object to be identified refers to the input and output data ur ( t ) of the object to be identified after superimposing the pseudo-random excitation signal. ), y r (t).
更进一步的,稳态数据为步骤(1)中系统运行至稳态时待辨识对象输入输出的稳态值usv和ysv;Further, the steady-state data are the steady-state values u sv and y sv of the input and output of the object to be identified when the system runs to a steady state in step (1);
将稳态数据与待辨识对象输入输出数据进行数据融合,再辨识获得低频校正后的高阶模型,具体为:The steady-state data is fused with the input and output data of the object to be identified, and then the high-order model after low-frequency correction is obtained through identification, which is as follows:
将usv和ur(t)进行融合得到u(t),将ysv和yr(t)进行融合得到y(t),使得:Fuse u sv and ur (t) to get u(t), and fuse y sv and y r (t) to get y(t), so that:
u(jw)|w=0=usv;u(jw)| w=0 =u sv ;
u(jw)|w≠0=ur(jw);u(jw)| w≠0 = u r (jw);
y(jw)|w=0=ysv;y(jw)| w=0 = ysv ;
y(jw)|w≠0=yr(jw);y(jw)| w≠0 =y r (jw);
其中,u(jw)、ur(jw)、y(jw)、yr(jw)分别为u(t)、ur(t)、yr(t)、y(t)的傅里叶频域变换;where u (jw), ur (jw), y(jw), and y r (jw) are the Fourier transforms of u(t), ur (t), y r ( t), and y(t), respectively frequency domain transform;
然后利用融合所得的u(t)、y(t)进行辨识。Then use the fusion obtained u(t), y(t) for identification.
更进一步的,辨识模型的获取具体为:根据输入输出数据,使用最小二乘法或者子空间法获得n阶模型传递函数G(s)。Further, the acquisition of the identification model is specifically: according to the input and output data, using the least squares method or the subspace method to obtain the nth-order model transfer function G(s).
更进一步的,对辨识模型进行低频校正,具体如下:Further, low-frequency correction is performed on the identification model, as follows:
(1)根据待辨识对象稳态时输入输出数据usv、ysv,获得系统稳态增益 (1) Obtain the steady-state gain of the system according to the input and output data u sv and y sv when the object to be identified is steady-state
(2)对n阶模型传递函数G(s)进行低频分离以降低计算量:G(s)=Gl(s)Gh(s),其中Gl(s)为系统低频特征部分,Gh(s)为系统高频特征部分;(2) Perform low-frequency separation on the transfer function G(s) of the n-order model to reduce the amount of calculation: G(s)=G l (s)G h (s), where G l (s) is the low-frequency characteristic part of the system, G h (s) is the high-frequency characteristic part of the system;
(3)然后求解下式:(3) Then solve the following formula:
Gl'(0)=K;G l '(0)=K;
min|Gl'(jw)-Gl(jw)|,w>wh;min|G l '(jw)-G l (jw)|,w>w h ;
其中,w为频率变量,Gl'(0)=Gl'(s)|s=0,Gl(jw)=Gl(s)|s=jw,Gl'(jw)=Gl'(s)|s=jw,指的是模型的频率响应,wh为预估低频干扰频率上限;Among them, w is the frequency variable, G l '(0)=G l '(s)| s=0 , G l (jw)=G l (s)| s=jw , G l '(jw)=G l '(s)| s=jw , refers to the frequency response of the model, w h is the upper limit of the estimated low frequency interference frequency;
由上式获得Gl'(s),从而得到校正后的模型G'(s)=Gl'(s)Gh(s)。G l '(s) is obtained from the above formula, thereby obtaining the corrected model G'(s)=G l '(s)G h (s).
优选的,根据扰动频谱和模型进行控制器参数整定,过程如下:Preferably, the controller parameters are tuned according to the disturbance spectrum and the model, and the process is as follows:
(1)在平稳运行阶段采集运行中的环路数据,根据控制器和模型G'(s),获得平稳阶段干扰估计信号d(t);(1) Collect the running loop data in the stable operation phase, and obtain the disturbance estimation signal d(t) in the stationary phase according to the controller and the model G'(s);
(2)对干扰信号进行频域变换,确定频率分布和干扰主成分,根据性能指标γ和干扰通道模型S获得抗干扰能力指标:(2) Transform the interference signal in the frequency domain, determine the frequency distribution and the main component of interference, and obtain the anti-interference ability index according to the performance index γ and the interference channel model S:
|S(jw)d(jw)|<γ;|S(jw)d(jw)|<γ;
其中,S(jw)为干扰通道S的频率响应,S(jw)=S(s)|s=jw,d(jw)为d(t)的傅里叶频域变换;Among them, S(jw) is the frequency response of the interference channel S, S(jw)=S(s)| s=jw , d(jw) is the Fourier frequency domain transform of d(t);
(3)利用回路成型方法解得控制器的对应参数,使得:(3) Use the loop forming method to solve the corresponding parameters of the controller, so that:
其中,L(jw)为系统开环传递函数,为相位裕度,Gm(·)为幅值裕度,为期望幅值裕度,Gr为期望相位裕度。Among them, L(jw) is the system open-loop transfer function, is the phase margin, G m ( ) is the amplitude margin, is the desired amplitude margin, and Gr is the desired phase margin.
更进一步的, further more,
本发明的第二目的通过下述技术方案实现:一种滚版印刷系统,所述滚版印刷系统具有依次连接的主站、电机运动控制器、电机及编码器、联轴器和滚版,系统在闭环运行时,通过本发明第一目的所述的针对滚版印刷系统的参数自整定方法设计电机运动控制器的参数。The second object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a rolling printing system, the rolling printing system has a master station, a motor motion controller, a motor and an encoder, a coupling and a rolling plate connected in sequence, When the system is running in a closed loop, the parameters of the motor motion controller are designed through the parameter self-tuning method for the rolling printing system described in the first object of the present invention.
本发明的第三目的通过下述技术方案实现:一种计算设备,包括处理器以及用于存储处理器可执行程序的存储器,所述处理器执行存储器存储的程序时,实现本发明第一目的所述的针对滚版印刷系统的参数自整定方法。The third object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a computing device, comprising a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor, when the processor executes the program stored in the memory, the first object of the present invention is achieved The described parameter self-tuning method for the roll printing system.
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点及效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1)本发明针对滚版印刷系统的参数自整定方法,包括首先在滚版印刷系统的闭环运行过程中,使用伪随机信号进行闭环辨识和低频校正,从而获得低频校正后的高阶数学模型;然后利用系统的运行数据和模型获取扰动分布信息并对其进行频谱分析,得到扰动频谱;再根据扰动频谱和模型进行控制器参数整定,整定后的控制器参数满足系统的抗干扰能力和稳定性要求。本发明方法基于伪随机信号的闭环辨识、低频校正、基于模型和干扰的控制器参数自整定,能够设计性能更高、稳定性更强的控制器,解决了滚版印刷系统性能要求高、系统特性变化大、阶次高的问题,适用于滚版印刷系统。(1) The present invention is directed to the parameter self-tuning method of the rotogravure printing system, including firstly, in the closed-loop operation process of the rotogravure printing system, using a pseudo-random signal to perform closed-loop identification and low-frequency correction, thereby obtaining a high-order mathematical model after the low-frequency correction ; Then use the operating data and model of the system to obtain the disturbance distribution information and perform spectrum analysis on it to obtain the disturbance spectrum; then adjust the controller parameters according to the disturbance spectrum and model, and the adjusted controller parameters satisfy the anti-interference ability and stability of the system. sexual requirements. The method of the invention is based on closed-loop identification of pseudo-random signals, low-frequency correction, and self-tuning of controller parameters based on models and disturbances, and can design a controller with higher performance and stronger stability, and solves the problem of high performance requirements of the rolling printing system and system problems. The problem of large variation in characteristics and high order is suitable for rolling printing systems.
(2)本发明方法在闭环运行中输入伪随机信号作为激励信号,可以激发系统各个频段的特性,再通过输入输出信号进行建模,可以获得能描述系统各频段特性的高阶数学模型。(2) The method of the present invention inputs a pseudo-random signal as an excitation signal during closed-loop operation, which can stimulate the characteristics of each frequency band of the system, and then model by the input and output signals to obtain a high-order mathematical model that can describe the characteristics of each frequency band of the system.
(3)本发明方法利用运行过程中的稳态信息与伪随机辨识所得模型进行信息融合,对伪随机辨识过程和结果进行优化校正,使得模型低频特性更为准确,进一步提高模型精确性。(3) The method of the present invention utilizes the steady-state information in the running process and the model obtained by pseudo-random identification to perform information fusion, and optimizes and corrects the pseudo-random identification process and results, so that the low-frequency characteristics of the model are more accurate, and the accuracy of the model is further improved.
(4)本发明滚版印刷系统能够实现控制器参数自整定,在不同滚版负载下均能达到稳定性、跟踪性和抗干扰性的要求,系统性能更佳,值得推广。(4) The roll printing system of the present invention can realize the self-tuning of the controller parameters, and can meet the requirements of stability, tracking and anti-interference under different rolling loads, and the system has better performance and is worthy of promotion.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明针对滚版印刷系统的参数自整定方法的整体流程图。FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of a parameter self-tuning method for a roll printing system of the present invention.
图2是图1方法中闭环辨识的流程图。FIG. 2 is a flowchart of closed-loop identification in the method of FIG. 1 .
图3是本发明滚版印刷系统的结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the roll printing system of the present invention.
图4是图3系统的印刷流程图。FIG. 4 is a printing flow chart of the system of FIG. 3 .
图5是闭环辨识结果与实测输出数据的时域拟合图。FIG. 5 is a time-domain fitting diagram of the closed-loop identification result and the measured output data.
图6是闭环辨识结果与实测输出数据的频域拟合图。FIG. 6 is a frequency domain fitting diagram of the closed-loop identification result and the measured output data.
图7是在整定控制器之后,电机跟踪S型给定位置曲线的给定位置和编码器实测位置的对比图。Figure 7 is a comparison diagram of the given position of the motor tracking S-shaped given position curve and the measured position of the encoder after the controller is tuned.
图8是图7电机跟踪S型给定位置曲线的位置跟踪误差示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the position tracking error of the motor in FIG. 7 tracking the S-shaped given position curve.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例公开了一种针对滚版印刷系统的参数自整定方法,如图1所示,包括如下步骤:This embodiment discloses a parameter self-tuning method for a rolling printing system, as shown in FIG. 1 , including the following steps:
S1、在滚版印刷系统的闭环运行过程中,使用伪随机信号进行闭环辨识和低频校正,从而获得低频校正后的高阶数学模型,具体如下:S1. During the closed-loop operation of the stencil printing system, the pseudo-random signal is used for closed-loop identification and low-frequency correction, so as to obtain a high-order mathematical model after low-frequency correction, as follows:
(1)如图2所示,使用保守控制器使系统处于闭环运行状态,或者使用增益自调节控制器获得一个稳定但偏保守的控制器,使系统稳定运行至稳态。(1) As shown in Figure 2, use a conservative controller to keep the system in a closed-loop operation state, or use a gain self-adjusting controller to obtain a stable but conservative controller, so that the system runs stably to a steady state.
(2)在环路中靠近待辨识对象的可控输入点中给入定长度的伪随机激励信号,使叠加信号传递到待辨识对象的输入上,然后按照采样周期采集待辨识对象输入数据和输出数据,直至伪随机信号激励结束。(2) A pseudo-random excitation signal of a fixed length is given to the controllable input point close to the object to be identified in the loop, so that the superimposed signal is transmitted to the input of the object to be identified, and then the input data and output of the object to be identified are collected according to the sampling period data until the pseudo-random signal excitation ends.
相较于阶跃信号和正弦扫频信号,伪随机信号在采样频带内各个频段上的功率分布较为均匀,且长度较短,是一种功率谱密度为常数的近似白噪声信号,在闭环运行中输入伪随机信号作为激励信号可以激发系统各个频段的特性。Compared with the step signal and the sine frequency sweep signal, the pseudo-random signal has a relatively uniform power distribution in each frequency band in the sampling frequency band, and the length is short. It is an approximate white noise signal with a constant power spectral density. Input pseudo-random signal as the excitation signal can stimulate the characteristics of each frequency band of the system.
在控制器参数自整定的这一需求下,待辨识对象为控制器输出端到该控制器输入端这一部分系统。在本实例中,指的是滚版印刷系统驱动器输入端到编码器速度输出端中间这一部分系统,包含滚版印刷系统驱动器、版滚印刷系统电机、电机负载、编码器及中间连接环节(联轴器)这几部分。Under the requirement of controller parameter self-tuning, the object to be identified is the part of the system from the controller output end to the controller input end. In this example, it refers to the part of the system between the drive input end of the rolling printing system and the speed output terminal of the encoder, including the rolling printing system driver, the rolling printing system motor, the motor load, the encoder and the intermediate connection link (connection link). shaft) these parts.
待辨识对象输入输出数据是指叠加伪随机激励后,待辨识对象的输入端和输出端数据ur(t)、yr(t)。The input and output data of the object to be identified refers to the input and output data ur (t) and y r (t ) of the object to be identified after superimposing pseudo-random excitation.
(3)由于伪随机信号在采样频带内各个频段上的功率分布较为均匀,但电机系统运行过程中常会受到低频干扰的影响,因此伪随机辨识时模型低频部分往往与实际存在一定偏差,因此先判断是否能预估干扰信号频率上限。(3) Since the power distribution of the pseudo-random signal in each frequency band in the sampling frequency band is relatively uniform, but the motor system is often affected by low-frequency interference during the operation process, so the low-frequency part of the model often has a certain deviation from the actual during the pseudo-random identification. Determine whether the upper limit of the frequency of the interference signal can be estimated.
在通常情况下,对于滚版印刷系统,可以通过机理分析大致判断系统干扰主要频率;或者在平稳运行状态下采集一段印刷机系统位置跟踪误差,对其进行傅里叶频谱分析,判断系统干扰主要频带。Under normal circumstances, for the rolling printing system, the main frequency of system interference can be roughly judged through mechanism analysis; or the position tracking error of a section of printing press system can be collected in a stable operation state, and Fourier spectrum analysis is performed on it to determine the main frequency of system interference. frequency band.
若否,则将稳态数据也即是步骤(1)中系统运行至稳态时待辨识对象输入输出的稳态值usv、ysv与待辨识对象输入输出数据ur(t)、yr(t)进行数据融合,再辨识获得低频校正后的高阶模型:If not, the steady-state data, that is, the steady-state values u sv and y sv of the input and output of the object to be identified when the system runs to a steady state in step (1), and the input and output data of the object to be identified ur ( t ), y r (t) performs data fusion, and then identifies the high-order model after low-frequency correction:
将usv和ur(t)进行融合得到u(t),将ysv和yr(t)进行融合得到y(t),使得:Fuse u sv and ur (t) to get u(t), and fuse y sv and y r (t) to get y(t), so that:
u(jw)|w=0=usv;u(jw)| w=0 =u sv ;
u(jw)|w≠0=ur(jw);u(jw)| w≠0 = u r (jw);
y(jw)|w=0=ysv;y(jw)| w=0 = ysv ;
y(jw)|w≠0=yr(jw);y(jw)| w≠0 =y r (jw);
其中,u(jw)、ur(jw)、y(jw)、yr(jw)分别为u(t)、ur(t)、yr(t)、y(t)的傅里叶频域变换;where u (jw), ur (jw), y(jw), and y r (jw) are the Fourier transforms of u(t), ur (t), y r ( t), and y(t), respectively frequency domain transform;
然后利用融合所得的u(t)、y(t)进行辨识。Then use the fusion obtained u(t), y(t) for identification.
若是,则通过输入输出数据获取到能描述系统各频段特性的辨识模型,再对辨识模型进行低频校正,获得低频校正后的高阶数学模型。If so, obtain an identification model that can describe the characteristics of each frequency band of the system through the input and output data, and then perform low-frequency correction on the identification model to obtain a high-order mathematical model after the low-frequency correction.
在本实施例中,可以根据输入输出数据,使用最小二乘法或者子空间法获得n阶模型传递函数G(s),即辨识模型。In this embodiment, according to the input and output data, the least square method or the subspace method can be used to obtain the nth-order model transfer function G(s), that is, the identification model.
对辨识模型进行低频校正,具体如下:Perform low-frequency correction on the identification model, as follows:
(1)根据待辨识对象稳态时输入输出数据usv、ysv,获得系统稳态增益 (1) Obtain the steady-state gain of the system according to the input and output data u sv and y sv when the object to be identified is steady-state
(2)对n阶模型传递函数G(s)进行低频分离以降低计算量:G(s)=Gl(s)Gh(s),其中Gl(s)为系统低频特征部分,Gh(s)为系统高频特征部分;(2) Perform low-frequency separation on the transfer function G(s) of the n-order model to reduce the amount of calculation: G(s)=G l (s)G h (s), where G l (s) is the low-frequency characteristic part of the system, G h (s) is the high-frequency characteristic part of the system;
(3)然后求解下式以获得校正后的系统低频特征部分模型Gl'(s):(3) Then solve the following formula to obtain the corrected low-frequency characteristic part model G l '(s) of the system:
其中,w为频率变量,指的是模型的频率响应,wh为预估低频干扰频率上限;where w is the frequency variable, refers to the frequency response of the model, and w h is the upper limit of the estimated low frequency interference frequency;
上述式子解法多样,例如可用最小二乘法求解。解得Gl'(s)后,可得到校正后的模型G'(s)=Gl'(s)Gh(s)。The above formula can be solved in various ways, for example, it can be solved by the least square method. After solving G l '(s), the corrected model G'(s)=G l '(s)G h (s) can be obtained.
S2、利用系统的运行数据和模型获取扰动分布信息(干扰信号),并对其进行频谱分析,得到扰动频谱;S2. Obtain the disturbance distribution information (interference signal) by using the operating data and model of the system, and perform spectrum analysis on it to obtain the disturbance spectrum;
S3、根据扰动频谱和模型进行控制器参数整定,整定后的控制器参数满足系统的抗干扰能力和稳定性要求,过程如下:S3. Set the controller parameters according to the disturbance spectrum and model. The adjusted controller parameters meet the anti-interference ability and stability requirements of the system. The process is as follows:
(1)在平稳运行阶段采集运行中的环路数据,根据控制器和模型G'(s),获得平稳阶段干扰估计信号d(t)。(1) Collect the running loop data in the stationary running stage, and obtain the disturbance estimation signal d(t) in the stationary stage according to the controller and the model G'(s).
(2)对干扰信号进行频域变换,确定频率分布和干扰主成分,根据性能指标γ和干扰通道模型S获得抗干扰能力指标:(2) Transform the interference signal in the frequency domain, determine the frequency distribution and the main component of interference, and obtain the anti-interference ability index according to the performance index γ and the interference channel model S:
|S(jw)d(jw)|<γ;|S(jw)d(jw)|<γ;
其中,S(jw)为干扰通道S的频率响应,S(jw)=S(s)|s=jw,d(jw)为d(t)的傅里叶频域变换。Among them, S(jw) is the frequency response of the interference channel S, S(jw)=S(s)| s=jw , d(jw) is the Fourier frequency domain transform of d(t).
(3)利用回路成型方法解得控制器的对应参数,使得:(3) Use the loop forming method to solve the corresponding parameters of the controller, so that:
其中,L(jw)为系统开环传递函数,为相位裕度,Gm(·)为幅值裕度,为期望幅值裕度,Gr为期望相位裕度。期望裕度根据作业要求而定,一般可设为满足以上约束的控制器参数即能使得系统的稳定性和跟踪性能达标。Among them, L(jw) is the system open-loop transfer function, is the phase margin, G m ( ) is the amplitude margin, is the desired amplitude margin, and Gr is the desired phase margin. The expected margin depends on the job requirements, and can generally be set as The controller parameters satisfying the above constraints can make the system stability and tracking performance meet the standards.
如图3所示,本实施例的滚版印刷系统具有依次连接的主站、电机运动控制器、电机及编码器、联轴器和滚版,主站通过总线将运动指令下发给电机运动控制器,电极运动控制器将控制信号下发给电机及编码器,编码器将滚版运行状态实时反馈给电机运动控制器,电机运动控制器将运行状态上传给主站。As shown in FIG. 3 , the rolling printing system of this embodiment has a main station, a motor motion controller, a motor and an encoder, a coupling and a rolling plate connected in sequence, and the main station sends the motion command to the motor for motion through the bus. The controller, the electrode motion controller sends control signals to the motor and the encoder, the encoder feeds back the rolling running status to the motor motion controller in real time, and the motor motion controller uploads the running status to the master station.
如图4所示为该系统的印刷过程:(1)在开始印刷之前各部件先断电,更换滚版,上料,上电;(2)电机低速稳定运行,各电机运动控制器处于同步状态,应用上述参数自整定方法,设计满足在高速运转时抗干扰能力和稳定性要求的控制器参数,拌料,这一阶段无性能要求,并且持续30分钟;(3)各电机高速运转,开始印刷,这一阶段的性能要求高。Figure 4 shows the printing process of the system: (1) Before starting printing, each component is powered off, the roll plate is replaced, the material is loaded, and the power is turned on; (2) The motor runs stably at low speed, and the motion controllers of each motor are in synchronization. state, using the above parameter self-tuning method, design the controller parameters that meet the requirements of anti-interference ability and stability during high-speed operation, mixing, this stage has no performance requirements, and lasts for 30 minutes; (3) The high-speed operation of each motor, Start printing, the performance requirements of this stage are high.
图5为闭环辨识结果与实测输出数据的时域拟合图,采集待辨识对象的实测输入输出数据,以输入数据作为辨识模型的输入,计算辨识模型的输出,并将该模型输出(虚线)与实测输出(实线)在时域上对比。图6为闭环辨识结果与实测输出数据的频域拟合图,用待辨识对象的实测输入输出数据进行频谱分析,频谱相除结果(实线)与辨识结果(虚线)进行波特图对比。由图5和图6所示,实线和虚线大体吻合,说明模型准确,能够应用于滚版印刷系统这种系统阶次高、负载变化大的系统。Figure 5 is a time-domain fitting diagram of the closed-loop identification result and the measured output data. The measured input and output data of the object to be identified are collected, the input data is used as the input of the identification model, the output of the identification model is calculated, and the model is output (dotted line) Compared with the measured output (solid line) in the time domain. Figure 6 is the frequency domain fitting diagram of the closed-loop identification result and the measured output data. The measured input and output data of the object to be identified are used for spectrum analysis, and the spectral division result (solid line) is compared with the identification result (dotted line) in the Bode plot. As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the solid line and the dashed line are roughly consistent, indicating that the model is accurate and can be applied to a system with high system order and large load changes, such as a rotogravure printing system.
图7为整定控制器后,印刷系统电机跟踪S型给定位置曲线,给定位置(虚线)和编码器实测位置(实线)的对比图,由图7可见,两条曲线重合,图8为对应的印刷系统电机跟踪S型给定位置曲线的位置跟踪误差,由图8可得,实测误差稳态时大体位于正负2丝以内,而系统要求误差不得超过正负10丝,可见,本实施例的系统能满足性能要求。Figure 7 is a comparison diagram of the given position (dotted line) and the encoder's measured position (solid line) after the motor of the printing system tracks the S-shaped given position curve after tuning the controller. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the two curves overlap, Figure 8 For the position tracking error of the corresponding printing system motor tracking the S-shaped given position curve, it can be obtained from Figure 8. The measured error is generally within plus or
实施例2Example 2
本实施例公开了一种计算设备,包括处理器以及用于存储处理器可执行程序的存储器,所述处理器执行存储器存储的程序时,实现实施例1所述的针对滚版印刷系统的参数自整定方法,具体如下:This embodiment discloses a computing device, including a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor. When the processor executes a program stored in the memory, the processor implements the parameters for the roll printing system described in
在滚版印刷系统的闭环运行过程中,使用伪随机信号进行闭环辨识和低频校正,从而获得低频校正后的高阶数学模型;During the closed-loop operation of the rolling printing system, the pseudo-random signal is used for closed-loop identification and low-frequency correction, so as to obtain the high-order mathematical model after the low-frequency correction;
利用系统的运行数据和模型获取扰动分布信息并对其进行频谱分析,得到扰动频谱;Obtain the disturbance distribution information by using the operating data and model of the system and perform spectrum analysis on it to obtain the disturbance spectrum;
根据扰动频谱和模型进行控制器参数整定,整定后的控制器参数满足系统的抗干扰能力和稳定性要求。The controller parameters are tuned according to the disturbance spectrum and model, and the tuned controller parameters meet the requirements of the anti-interference ability and stability of the system.
本实施例中所述的计算设备可以是台式电脑、笔记本电脑、智能手机、PDA手持终端、平板电脑或其他具有处理器功能的终端设备。The computing device described in this embodiment may be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a smart phone, a PDA handheld terminal, a tablet computer, or other terminal device having a processor function.
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, The simplification should be equivalent replacement manners, which are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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