CN111300026A - Large-diameter thin-wall part assembling tool and using method thereof - Google Patents
Large-diameter thin-wall part assembling tool and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111300026A CN111300026A CN202010280969.4A CN202010280969A CN111300026A CN 111300026 A CN111300026 A CN 111300026A CN 202010280969 A CN202010280969 A CN 202010280969A CN 111300026 A CN111300026 A CN 111300026A
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 15
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-diameter thin-wall part assembling tool and a using method thereof, wherein the large-diameter thin-wall part assembling tool comprises an underground lifting part, an overground lifting part and an overground supporting moving part; the underground lifting part comprises a lifting platform, a universal clamp, a transition assembly bracket, a pressing plate and a trench; the overground lifting part comprises a motor, a worm and gear reducer, a screw rod, a guide rod, a nut lifting platform and a ballast releasing mechanism; the ground supporting and moving part comprises an A-shaped frame, a ladder stand, a guide rail and a pulley; when the underground lifting part moves, the upper surface of the large-diameter thin-walled part can be lowered to the underground from the ground, and when the motor moves, the nut lifting table can be driven by the worm gear reducer to move on the lead screw and the guide rod, so that the ballast removing mechanism and the workpiece to be assembled are driven to move relatively in the large-diameter thin-walled part, and the workpiece to be assembled is filled in the large-diameter thin-walled part. The device solves the problems that the existing tool needs to be aligned for many times, cannot be assembled in place once and requires too high space height of an installation site.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of assembly tools, in particular to a large-diameter thin-wall part assembly tool and a using method thereof.
Background
The large-diameter thin-wall part (the diameter is larger than 1 meter) and the large-height thin-wall part (the height is larger than 2 meters) have special application range in industrial production, a wood assembly part to be assembled, which is cylindrical and has an outer diameter slightly smaller than that of the thin-wall part, needs to be assembled into the large-diameter thin-wall part in production, the thin-wall part has large size and irregular roundness, the direction of assembly force is inclined too much in the assembly process, the assembly part to be assembled can crack the outer wall of the thin-wall part, and the height of the large-diameter thin-wall part is also higher, so that the required height of an assembly site is more than 4 meters when a vertical assembly method. At present, the assembly mode of ground and manual alignment is mainly adopted in the assembly process, the problems of low assembly efficiency and long process time consumption exist, and the requirement of batch industrial production cannot be met.
The existing thin-wall part assembling methods, such as a clamp suitable for clamping a shaft and an end face of a thin-wall part (granted patent number ZL201610773512.0) and a clamp special for a thin pipe under the action of an axial and internal pressure composite load (granted patent number ZL201510934217.4) disclosed by Chinese patent document libraries, carry out special assembling tool design aiming at the characteristics of the thin-wall part and achieve better effect. However, for the large-diameter and large-height thin-wall part related to the invention, the assembly tool disclosed above is more suitable for the thin-wall part with a relatively small diameter, so that the development of an assembly tool for the large-diameter thin-wall part is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the assembly mode of mainly adopting ground and manual alignment in the assembly process of large-diameter and large-height thin-wall parts has low assembly efficiency and long process time consumption, and the requirement of batch industrial production cannot be met. The invention provides an assembly tool for a large-diameter thin-wall part and a use method thereof, which solve the problems.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a large-diameter thin-wall part assembling tool comprises an underground lifting part, an above-ground lifting part and an above-ground supporting moving part; the ground lifting part is arranged above the underground lifting part, and the ground supporting moving part is used for supporting and matching the ground lifting part; the above-ground lifting part comprises a driving mechanism and a ballast releasing mechanism;
the underground lifting part can lower the upper surface of the large-diameter thin-walled part from the ground to the underground when moving, and the overground lifting part drives the ballast releasing mechanism and the workpiece to be assembled to move relatively in the large-diameter thin-walled part through the driving mechanism so as to fill the workpiece to be assembled into the large-diameter thin-walled part.
Preferably, the above-ground lifting part further comprises a worm and gear reducer, a lead screw, a guide rod and a nut lifting platform, the driving mechanism adopts a motor, the motor is connected with the lead screw through the worm and gear reducer, namely (the motor is connected with the worm and gear reducer, and the worm and gear reducer is connected with the lead screw), the lead screw and the guide rod are sleeved on the nut lifting platform, the nut lifting platform can move up and down along the lead screw, and the ballast releasing mechanism is fixedly connected on the nut lifting platform. The motor is connected with the lead screw through the worm gear reducer, the worm gear reducer can increase the output torque of the motor, and meanwhile, the self-locking characteristic can be used for ensuring that a lifted heavy object cannot suddenly fall off when power is suddenly cut off, so that the safety of the mechanism is ensured.
Preferably, the nut lifting platform is connected with the screw through a ball screw pair, the ball screw pair is of an internal circulation floating type, the lead angle is 5.91 degrees, and the thread friction torque is 126.60NM, so that enough power can be ensured to lift the wooden workpiece to be assembled.
Preferably, the ballast release mechanism is provided with four synapses, and the lower end faces of the synapses are contacted with the upper end faces of the workpieces to be assembled; specifically, the lower end face of the protruding contact is in contact with an assembling tool preassembled on the inner wall of the upper end of the filled wood, the four synaptic areas of the ballast are more than 1.5 times of the area of the assembling tool of the filled wood, and the success rate of realizing the contact of the lower end face and the inner wall of the upper end of the filled wood in the assembling process can be effectively improved. When the roundness of the workpiece to be assembled is out of tolerance and the workpiece to be assembled needs to be reassembled after being withdrawn from the thin-wall part for roundness correction, the ballast releasing mechanism is directly rotated by 30-60 degrees, so that the assembly tool inside the filling wood can be staggered and enter the filling wood; then, the ballast release mechanism is rotated by 30-60 degrees, so that the upper end face of the ballast release mechanism is contacted with the lower end face of an assembly tool preassembled on the inner wall of the upper end of the filled wood; and finally, hoisting by the A-shaped frame hoisting mechanism, so that the filled wood can be completely separated from the interior of the thin-wall workpiece.
Preferably, the nut lifting platform and the ballast releasing mechanism are connected through a spherical sliding bearing, because in the assembling process, a workpiece to be assembled and a vertical axis of the large-diameter thin-walled workpiece are in relative offset, if the ballast releasing mechanism and the nut lifting platform are in rigid connection, although the structure is relatively simple, the nut lifting platform does not have the capacity of compensating the relative offset of the two connected axes and has no buffering and damping performance, and therefore the application range is small. The invention preferably adopts the connection mode of the spherical sliding bearing, can transmit ballast force, can compensate the coaxiality deviation in the installation process, and improves the alignment work efficiency in the assembly process.
Preferably, the spherical sliding bearing comprises an outer ring and an inner ring, a sliding contact surface is arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, a sealing ring is arranged at the side part of the outer ring close to the inner ring, and a lubricating groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the inner ring; the lubricating hole penetrates through the outer ring and the inner ring.
Preferably, the ground supporting and moving part comprises an A-shaped frame, a ladder stand, a guide rail and a pulley, the screw rod and the guide rod are fixed on the inner side of the A-shaped frame, the ladder stand is fixed on the upper part of the outer side of the A-shaped frame, the pulley is installed at the bottom of the A-shaped frame and can move back and forth along the guide rail, and the A-shaped frame moves on the guide rail through the pulley.
The A-shaped frame moves on the guide rail through the pulley, the guide rail is designed to be buried underground, and the upper end of the guide rail is basically flush with the ground so as to ensure that the operation of other work is not influenced when the assembly operation is not carried out. The pulley with the self-locking function is adopted, when the pulley needs to be stopped at a certain position to start assembling operation, the pulley needs to be subjected to self-locking to prevent damage caused by accidental sliding, and the assembling precision is guaranteed. The A-shaped bracket is provided with two oblique beams and two cross beams which are connected in a welding mode.
Preferably, the underground lifting part comprises a lifting platform, a universal fixture, a transition assembly support, a pressing plate and a trench, the lifting platform is fixed at the bottom of the trench, the pressing plate is fixedly arranged at the top of the trench, the fixed position of the pressing plate can be adjusted, and the universal fixture is arranged on the upper surface of the lifting platform and can move back and forth along a sliding groove;
in the assembly process, the large-diameter thin-wall part is positioned on the upper surface of the lifting platform and clamped and fixed by the universal clamp, and when the workpiece to be assembled is filled into the lower half part of the large-diameter thin-wall part, the ballast releasing mechanism continuously applies pressure to the workpiece to be assembled through the transitional assembly support, so that the problem that the stroke of the overground lifting part is not enough to directly extend downwards to the bottom of the large-diameter thin-wall part is solved.
Preferably, the lifting platform is of a scissor-fork type structure, the scissor-fork type lifting structure has the characteristics of compact structure, large bearing capacity, small noise, large stroke, small height after falling and the like, a hydraulic system is adopted as a power source, the bearable load range is large, and the lifting platform can meet the weight requirements of thin-wall parts with different diameters and heights.
Preferably, the lifting platform comprises a workbench, a scissor arm, a hydraulic cylinder and a base, the scissor arm is arranged on the base, and the workbench is arranged at the top of the scissor arm; and the shearing fork arm is provided with a hydraulic cylinder which drives the shearing fork arm to move up and down.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a use method of the large-diameter thin-wall part assembling tool, which comprises the following steps:
step one, a workbench of a lifting platform is lifted to be flush with the ground, a crown block is adopted to lift the large-diameter thin-walled piece to the workbench of the lifting platform, a universal fixture is adopted to slide along a chute reserved on the surface of the workbench to be in contact with the outer surface of the large-diameter thin-walled piece, the universal fixture is locked, the lifting platform is lowered to the bottom of a trench, and a pressing plate is covered and fixed;
secondly, pushing the A-shaped frame to move along the guide rail to a position right above the large-diameter thin-walled part in the trench, placing a self-locking device of a pulley, operating a nut lifting table to ascend to a proper height, and hanging a workpiece to be assembled on a ballast releasing mechanism;
step three, when the nut lifting platform is operated to descend, the ballast releasing mechanism hangs the workpiece to be assembled into the inner cavity of the large-diameter thin-walled part, the workpiece to be assembled and the large-diameter thin-walled part are basically concentric by adjusting a spherical sliding bearing between the ballast releasing mechanism and the nut lifting platform, and the nut lifting platform is operated to descend until the workpiece to be assembled completely enters the inner cavity of the large-diameter thin-walled part;
step four, because the height of the large-diameter thin-walled part is more than 2 meters, the ballast stripping mechanism cannot completely press the workpiece to be assembled into the bottom, at the moment, the nut lifting table needs to be operated to ascend to a proper height, the transitional assembly support is placed into the inner cavity of the large-diameter thin-walled part, and then the nut lifting table is operated to descend until the workpiece to be assembled is indirectly pressed into the bottom of the large-diameter thin-walled part through the transitional assembly support;
after assembly is completed, operating the nut lifting platform to drive the ballast releasing mechanism to ascend to the highest point, pushing the A-shaped frame to move to the side of the trench along the guide rail, and putting down the self-locking device of the pulley to ensure that the A-shaped frame is fixed; the operation lift platform rises to the workstation and ground parallel and level basically, fixes a plurality of clamp plates in order to shutoff trench mouth on the trench, ensures that personnel can not fall the trench by accident when not having the assembly operation.
And further, the method comprises a sixth step of rotating the ballast releasing mechanism by 30-60 degrees by adjusting a spherical sliding bearing between the ballast releasing mechanism and the nut lifting table when the roundness of the workpiece to be assembled is poor and needs to be released for re-correction in the assembling process, so that the ballast releasing mechanism can be inserted into the lower end of the workpiece to be assembled, then rotating the ballast releasing mechanism by 30-60 degrees, and releasing the workpiece to be assembled which is not pressed into the bottom of the large-diameter thin-walled part by using the ballast releasing mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention relates to a large-diameter thin-wall part assembling tool which comprises an underground lifting part, an above-ground lifting part and an above-ground supporting moving part, wherein the underground lifting part can lower the upper surface of a large-diameter thin-wall part from the ground to the underground when moving, and a motor of the above-ground lifting part can drive a nut lifting table to move on a lead screw and a guide rod through a worm and gear reducer when moving, so that a ballast releasing mechanism and a workpiece to be assembled are driven to move relatively in the large-diameter thin-wall part, and the workpiece to be assembled is filled in the large-diameter thin-wall part;
2. the invention relates to a large-diameter thin-wall part assembling tool and a using method thereof, which solve the problems that the existing tool needs to be aligned for many times, cannot be assembled in place at one time and requires overhigh space height of an installation site; the assembly tool is efficient, safe and easy to adjust when being applied to assembly of large-diameter thin-wall parts, and the problem that the large-diameter thin-wall parts are broken due to uneven stress of manual assembly is avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a large-diameter thin-wall assembly fixture according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a lifting platform of the underground lifting part of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the ballast removal mechanism of the present invention for pressing in and removing a workpiece.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a spherical sliding bearing structure for connecting the ballast releasing mechanism and the nut lifting table according to the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-worm gear reducer, 2-lead screw, 3-guide rod, 4-A type frame, 5-nut lifting table, 6-ballast releasing mechanism, 7-transition assembly support, 8-guide rail, 9-lifting platform, 10-motor, 11-ladder stand, 12-pressing plate, 13-pulley, 14-universal fixture, 15-trench, 16-large-diameter thin-wall part, 17-workpiece to be assembled, 18-outer ring, 19-sliding contact surface, 20-sealing ring, 21-inner ring, 22-lubricating hole, 23-lubricating groove, 24-shearing fork arm, 25-hydraulic cylinder, 26-base and 27-workbench.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the large-diameter thin-wall part assembling tool comprises an underground lifting part, an above-ground lifting part and an above-ground supporting moving part; the ground lifting part is arranged above the underground lifting part, and the ground supporting moving part is used for supporting and matching the ground lifting part; the above-ground lifting part comprises a driving mechanism and a ballast releasing mechanism 6;
when the underground lifting part moves, the upper surface of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16 can be lowered to the underground from the ground, and the overground lifting part drives the ballast stripping mechanism 6 and the workpiece 17 to be assembled to move relatively in the large-diameter thin-wall part 16 through the driving mechanism, so that the workpiece 17 to be assembled is filled in the large-diameter thin-wall part 16.
In this embodiment, the above-ground lifting part further includes a worm gear reducer 1, a lead screw 2, a guide rod 3, and a nut lifting table 5, the driving mechanism employs a motor 10, the motor 10 is connected with the lead screw 2 through the worm gear reducer 1, that is, (the motor 10 is connected with the worm gear reducer 1, and the worm gear reducer 1 is connected with the lead screw 2), the lead screw 2 and the guide rod 3 are sleeved on the nut lifting table 5, the nut lifting table 5 can move up and down along the lead screw 2, and the ballast releasing mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the nut lifting table 5. The motor 10 is connected with the lead screw 2 through the worm and gear reducer 1, the worm and gear reducer 1 increases the output torque of the motor 10, and meanwhile, the self-locking characteristic can be used for ensuring that a lifted heavy object cannot suddenly fall off when sudden power failure occurs, and the safety of the mechanism is ensured.
Preferably, the nut lifting platform 5 is connected with the screw 2 through a ball screw pair, the ball screw pair is of an internal circulation floating type, the lead angle is 5.91 degrees, the thread friction torque is 126.60NM, and sufficient power can be ensured for lifting the wooden workpiece to be assembled.
As a further preferable scheme, as shown in fig. 3, the ballast releasing mechanism 6 has four synapses, the lower end faces of which are in contact with the upper end faces of the workpieces 17 to be assembled; specifically, the lower end face of the protruding contact is in contact with an assembling tool preassembled on the inner wall of the upper end of the filled wood, the four synaptic areas of the ballast are more than 1.5 times of the area of the assembling tool of the filled wood, and the success rate of realizing the contact of the lower end face and the inner wall of the upper end of the filled wood in the assembling process can be effectively improved. When the roundness of the workpiece 17 to be assembled is out of tolerance and the workpiece 17 to be assembled needs to be reassembled after being withdrawn from the thin-wall part for roundness correction, the ballast stripping mechanism 6 is directly rotated by 30-60 degrees to be staggered with the assembling tool in the interior of the interior filling wood and enters the interior of the interior filling wood; then, the ballast release mechanism 6 is rotated by 30-60 degrees, so that the upper end face of the ballast release mechanism is contacted with the lower end face of an assembly tool preassembled on the inner wall of the upper end of the filled wood; and finally, hoisting the A-shaped frame 4 by using a hoisting mechanism, and completely separating the filled wood from the interior of the thin-wall workpiece.
As a further preferable scheme, the nut lifting platform 5 and the ballast releasing mechanism 6 are connected through a spherical sliding bearing, because in the assembling process, the workpiece 17 to be assembled and the large-diameter thin-walled workpiece 16 are relatively deviated along the vertical axis, if the ballast releasing mechanism 6 and the nut lifting platform 5 are rigidly connected, although the structure is relatively simple, the nut lifting platform has no capability of compensating the relative deviation of the two connected axes and has no buffering and damping performance, and therefore the application range is small. The invention preferably adopts the connection mode of the spherical sliding bearing, can transmit ballast force, can compensate the coaxiality deviation in the installation process, and improves the alignment work efficiency in the assembly process.
As a further preferable scheme, as shown in fig. 4, the spherical sliding bearing comprises an outer ring 18 and an inner ring 21, a sliding contact surface 19 is arranged between the outer ring 18 and the inner ring 21, a sealing ring 20 is arranged at the position of the side part of the outer ring 18 close to the inner ring 21, and a lubricating groove 23 is arranged on the inner side wall of the inner ring 21; and a lubricating hole 22, wherein the lubricating hole 22 penetrates through the outer ring 18 and the inner ring 21.
In the embodiment, the ground supporting and moving part comprises an A-shaped frame 4, a ladder stand 11, a guide rail 8 and a pulley 13, wherein the screw rod 2 and the guide rod 3 are fixed on the inner side of the A-shaped frame 4, the ladder stand 11 is fixed on the upper part of the outer side of the A-shaped frame 4, the pulley 13 is installed at the bottom of the A-shaped frame 4 and can move back and forth along the guide rail 8, and the A-shaped frame 4 moves on the guide rail 8 through the pulley 13.
The A-shaped frame 4 moves on the guide rail 8 through the pulley 13, the guide rail 8 is designed to be buried underground, and the upper end of the guide rail 8 is basically flush with the ground so as to ensure that the operation of other work is not influenced when the assembly operation is not carried out. By adopting the pulley 13 with the self-locking function, when the assembling operation is started at a certain position in need of standing, the pulley 13 must be self-locked to prevent damage caused by accidental sliding and be beneficial to ensuring the assembling precision. The A-shaped bracket is provided with two oblique beams and two cross beams which are connected in a welding mode.
In the embodiment, the underground lifting part comprises a lifting platform 9, a universal clamp 14, a transition assembly support 7, a pressure plate 12 and a trench 15, wherein the lifting platform 9 is fixed at the bottom of the trench 15, the pressure plate 12 is fixedly arranged at the top of the trench 15, the fixed position of the pressure plate is adjustable, and the universal clamp 14 is arranged on the upper surface of the lifting platform 9 and can move back and forth along a sliding chute;
in the assembly process, the large-diameter thin-wall part 16 is positioned on the upper surface of the lifting platform 9 and clamped and fixed by the universal clamp 14, when the workpiece 17 to be assembled is filled into the lower half part of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16, the ballast release mechanism 6 continuously applies pressure to the workpiece 17 to be assembled through the transitional assembly support 7, and the problem that the stroke of the ascending and descending part on the ground is not enough to directly extend downwards to the bottom of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16 is solved.
As a further preferred scheme, the lifting platform 9 is a scissor-type structure, the scissor-type lifting structure has the characteristics of compact structure, large bearing capacity, low noise, large stroke, small height after falling and the like, a hydraulic system is adopted as a power source, the bearable load range is large, and the weight requirements of thin-wall parts with different diameters and sizes and heights can be met.
As a further preferable scheme, as shown in fig. 2, the lifting platform 9 includes a workbench 27, a scissor arm 24, a hydraulic cylinder 25 and a base 26, the base 26 is provided with the scissor arm 24, and the top of the scissor arm 24 is provided with the workbench 27; the scissor arm 24 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 25, and the hydraulic cylinder 25 drives the scissor arm 24 to move up and down.
The working principle is as follows: based on the assembly mode that mainly adopts ground, artifical alignment in the assembly process to major diameter, the thin wall spare of major-height among the prior art, there are the problem that assembly efficiency is low, the process consumes long time, can't satisfy the demand of batch industrial production. The invention designs a large-diameter thin-wall part assembling tool by adopting the scheme, which comprises an underground lifting part, an overground lifting part and an overground supporting moving part; the underground lifting part comprises a lifting platform 9, a universal clamp 14, a transition assembly bracket 7, a pressing plate 12 and a trench 15; the ground lifting part comprises a motor 10, a worm and gear reducer 1, a lead screw 2, a guide rod 3, a nut lifting platform 5 and a ballast releasing mechanism 6; the ground supporting and moving part comprises an A-shaped frame 4, a ladder stand 11, a guide rail 8 and a pulley 13; when the underground lifting part moves, the upper surface of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16 can be lowered to the underground from the ground, and when the motor 10 of the underground lifting part moves, the nut lifting table 5 can be driven to move on the screw rod 2 and the guide rod 3 through the worm and gear reducer 1, so that the ballast removing mechanism 6 and the workpiece 17 to be assembled are driven to move relatively in the large-diameter thin-wall part 16, and the workpiece 17 to be assembled is filled in the large-diameter thin-wall part 16. The invention solves the problems that the existing tool needs to be aligned for many times, cannot be assembled in place once and requires too high space height of an installation site.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that a method for using a large-diameter thin-walled workpiece assembling tool includes the following steps:
step one, a workbench of a lifting platform 9 is lifted to be flush with the ground, a crown block is adopted to lift a large-diameter thin-walled part 16 onto the workbench of the lifting platform 9, a universal fixture 14 is adopted to slide along a sliding groove reserved on the surface of the workbench to be in contact with the outer surface of the large-diameter thin-walled part, the universal fixture 14 is locked, the lifting platform 9 is lowered to the bottom of a trench, and a pressing plate 12 is covered and fixed;
secondly, pushing the A-shaped frame 4 to move along the guide rail to a position right above the large-diameter thin-walled part 16 in the trench, placing a self-locking device of the pulley 13, operating the nut lifting table 5 to ascend to a proper height, and hanging a workpiece to be assembled on the ballast releasing mechanism 6;
step three, when the nut lifting platform 5 is operated to descend, the ballast release mechanism 6 hangs the workpiece to be assembled into the inner cavity of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16, the workpiece to be assembled and the large-diameter thin-wall part 16 are basically concentric by adjusting a spherical sliding bearing between the ballast release mechanism 6 and the nut lifting platform 5, and the nut lifting platform 5 is operated to descend until the workpiece to be assembled completely enters the inner cavity of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16;
step four, as the height of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16 is more than 2 meters, the ballast stripping mechanism 6 cannot completely press the workpiece to be assembled into the bottom, at the moment, the nut lifting table 5 needs to be operated to ascend to a proper height, the transition assembly support 7 is placed into the inner cavity of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16, and then the nut lifting table 5 is operated to descend until the workpiece to be assembled is indirectly pressed into the bottom of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16 through the transition assembly support 7;
after assembly is completed, operating the nut lifting platform 5 to drive the ballast releasing mechanism 6 to ascend to the highest point, pushing the A-shaped frame 4 to move to the side of the trench along the guide rail, and putting down the self-locking device of the pulley 13 to ensure that the A-shaped frame is fixed; the lifting platform 9 is operated to ascend to the working platform and be basically flush with the ground, and the pressing plates 12 are fixed on the upper edge of the trench 15 to plug the opening of the trench, so that personnel can not fall down the trench accidentally when no assembly operation is carried out.
Step six, when finding that the roundness of the workpiece to be assembled is poor in the assembling process and needs to be removed for re-correction, the ballast removing mechanism 6 can be rotated by 30-60 degrees by adjusting the spherical sliding bearing between the ballast removing mechanism 6 and the nut lifting table 5, the ballast removing mechanism 6 can be inserted into the lower end of the workpiece to be assembled, then the ballast removing mechanism 6 can be rotated by 30-60 degrees, and the workpiece to be assembled which is not pressed into the bottom of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16 can be removed by using the ballast removing mechanism 6.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The large-diameter thin-wall part assembling tool is characterized by comprising an underground lifting part, an above-ground lifting part and an above-ground supporting moving part; the ground lifting part is arranged above the underground lifting part, and the ground supporting moving part is used for supporting and matching the ground lifting part; the above-ground lifting part comprises a driving mechanism and a ballast releasing mechanism (6);
when the underground lifting part moves, the upper surface of the large-diameter thin-walled part (16) can be lowered to the underground from the ground, the overground lifting part drives the ballast releasing mechanism (6) and the workpiece (17) to be assembled to move relatively in the large-diameter thin-walled part (16) through the driving mechanism, and the workpiece (17) to be assembled is filled in the large-diameter thin-walled part (16).
2. The large-diameter thin-walled workpiece assembling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the ground lifting part further comprises a worm gear reducer (1), a lead screw (2), a guide rod (3) and a nut lifting table (5), the driving mechanism adopts a motor (10), the motor (10) is connected with the worm gear reducer (1), the worm gear reducer (1) is connected with the lead screw (2), the lead screw (2) and the guide rod (3) are sleeved on the nut lifting table (5), the nut lifting table (5) can move up and down along the lead screw (2), and the ballast releasing mechanism (6) is fixedly connected to the nut lifting table (5).
3. The large-diameter thin-walled workpiece assembling tool according to claim 2, wherein the nut lifting table (5) is connected with the lead screw (2) through a ball screw pair.
4. The assembly tooling for the large-diameter thin-walled workpiece according to claim 2, wherein the ballast releasing mechanism (6) is provided with four synapses, and the lower end face of each synapse is in contact with the upper end face of the workpiece (17) to be assembled.
5. The large-diameter thin-walled workpiece assembling tool according to claim 2, wherein the nut lifting table (5) is connected with the ballast releasing mechanism (6) through a spherical sliding bearing.
6. The large-diameter thin-walled workpiece assembling tool according to claim 5, characterized in that the spherical sliding bearing comprises an outer ring (18) and an inner ring (21), a sliding contact surface (19) is arranged between the outer ring (18) and the inner ring (21), a sealing ring (20) is arranged on the side part of the outer ring (18) close to the inner ring (21), and a lubricating groove (23) is arranged on the inner side wall of the inner ring (21); also comprises a lubricating hole (22), and the lubricating hole (22) penetrates through the outer ring (18) and the inner ring (21).
7. The large-diameter thin-walled part assembling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the ground supporting and moving part comprises an A-shaped frame (4), a ladder stand (11), a guide rail (8) and a pulley (13), the screw rod (2) and the guide rod (3) are fixed on the inner side of the A-shaped frame (4), the ladder stand (11) is fixed on the upper portion of the outer side of the A-shaped frame (4), the pulley (13) is installed at the bottom of the A-shaped frame (4) and can move back and forth along the guide rail (8), and the A-shaped frame (4) moves on the guide rail (8) through the pulley (13); the guide rail (8) is buried underground, and the upper end of the guide rail (8) is flush with the ground.
8. The large-diameter thin-walled workpiece assembling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the underground lifting part comprises a lifting platform (9), a universal clamp (14), a transition assembling support (7), a pressing plate (12) and a trench (15), wherein the lifting platform (9) is fixed at the bottom of the trench (15), the pressing plate (12) is fixedly installed at the top of the trench (15) and is adjustable in fixed position, and the universal clamp (14) is installed on the upper surface of the lifting platform (9) and can move back and forth along a sliding groove;
in the assembly process, the large-diameter thin-wall part (16) is positioned on the upper surface of the lifting platform (9) and clamped and fixed by the universal clamp (14), and when the workpiece (17) to be assembled is filled into the lower half part of the large-diameter thin-wall part (16), the ballast stripping mechanism (6) continuously applies pressure to the workpiece to be assembled through the transitional assembly support (7).
9. The large-diameter thin-walled part assembling tool according to claim 8, characterized in that the lifting platform (9) is of a scissor-fork structure.
10. The use method of the large-diameter thin-wall part assembling tool is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, a workbench of a lifting platform 9 is lifted to be flush with the ground, a crown block is adopted to lift a large-diameter thin-walled part 16 onto the workbench of the lifting platform 9, a universal fixture 14 is adopted to slide along a sliding groove reserved on the surface of the workbench to be in contact with the outer surface of the large-diameter thin-walled part, the universal fixture 14 is locked, the lifting platform 9 is lowered to the bottom of a trench, and a pressing plate 12 is covered and fixed;
secondly, pushing the A-shaped frame 4 to move along the guide rail to a position right above the large-diameter thin-walled part 16 in the trench, placing a self-locking device of the pulley 13, operating the nut lifting table 5 to ascend to a proper height, and hanging a workpiece to be assembled on the ballast releasing mechanism 6;
step three, when the nut lifting platform 5 is operated to descend, the ballast release mechanism 6 hangs the workpiece to be assembled into the inner cavity of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16, the workpiece to be assembled and the large-diameter thin-wall part 16 are basically concentric by adjusting a spherical sliding bearing between the ballast release mechanism 6 and the nut lifting platform 5, and the nut lifting platform 5 is operated to descend until the workpiece to be assembled completely enters the inner cavity of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16;
step four, as the height of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16 is more than 2 meters, the ballast stripping mechanism 6 cannot completely press the workpiece to be assembled into the bottom, at the moment, the nut lifting table 5 needs to be operated to ascend to a proper height, the transition assembly support 7 is placed into the inner cavity of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16, and then the nut lifting table 5 is operated to descend until the workpiece to be assembled is indirectly pressed into the bottom of the large-diameter thin-wall part 16 through the transition assembly support 7;
after assembly is completed, operating the nut lifting platform 5 to drive the ballast releasing mechanism 6 to ascend to the highest point, pushing the A-shaped frame 4 to move to the side of the trench along the guide rail, and putting down the self-locking device of the pulley 13 to ensure that the A-shaped frame is fixed; the lifting platform 9 is operated to ascend to the working platform and be basically flush with the ground, and the pressing plates 12 are fixed on the upper edge of the trench 15 to plug the opening of the trench, so that personnel can not fall down the trench accidentally when no assembly operation is carried out.
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