CN111294664A - Audio and video data transmission method, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/632—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing using a connection between clients on a wide area network, e.g. setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet for retrieving video segments from the hard-disk of other client devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
- H04N21/64784—Data processing by the network
- H04N21/64792—Controlling the complexity of the content stream, e.g. by dropping packets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
- H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
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Abstract
The application provides an audio and video data transmission method, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing at least two communication transmission links with a receiving end; the at least two communication transmission links comprise links of different transmission types or links of the same transmission type; carrying out fragmentation processing on audio and video data to be sent to generate a plurality of fragment data packets; and determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission links according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links, and transmitting the fragmented data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission links. The embodiment of the application can more smoothly transmit the high-code-rate audio and video data.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of computer networks, and in particular, to an audio and video data transmission method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
With the development and progress of science and technology, the technology of transmitting data through audio and video is more mature, and people are common to scenes related to real-time audio and video transmission, such as online video watching, broadcast listening, video conferences, remote video education and the like.
In the process of implementing the embodiment of the present application, the inventors found that: for the problem that different intranets between a receiving end and a sending end cannot be communicated in an audio and video scene, the solution in the related technology is to establish a communication transmission link to connect the receiving end and the sending end, so as to realize the transmission of audio and video data; however, if the communication transmission link fails or has an unstable problem, the transmission of the audio and video data is affected or the transmission is interrupted, so that the user experience is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide an audio and video data transmission method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium.
A first aspect of the present application provides an audio and video data transmission method, which is applied to a sending end, and the method specifically includes:
establishing at least two communication transmission links with a receiving end; the at least two communication transmission links comprise links of different transmission types or links of the same transmission type;
carrying out fragmentation processing on audio and video data to be sent to generate a plurality of fragment data packets;
and determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission links according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links, and transmitting the fragmented data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission links.
Optionally, the at least two communication transmission links comprise a P2P transmission link and/or at least one relay transmission link.
Optionally, each fragment data packet includes a corresponding sequence number, and the sequence number is used for uniquely identifying the arrangement sequence of the fragment data packet in the audio and video data;
each relay transmission link is constructed by a relay terminal;
the audio and video data transmission method further includes:
generating corresponding grouping information according to the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link; the grouping information indicates the sequence numbers of all the fragmentation data packets transmitted on the communication transmission link;
and respectively sending corresponding grouping information to each communication transmission link, so that each relay terminal receives the corresponding grouping information and the receiving terminal receives all the grouping information.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
if a retransmission request transmitted by the communication transmission link is received, retransmitting the lost fragment data packet through the communication transmission link; wherein, the retransmission request indicates the missing fragmented data packet on the communication transmission link, and the missing fragmented data packet is determined by the relay terminal or the receiving terminal corresponding to the communication transmission link by using the packet information.
Optionally, each communication transmission link corresponds to a cost value, wherein the cost value is used for indicating a fee to be charged for transmitting the data packet in the communication transmission link;
determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links includes:
determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the cost values respectively corresponding to the at least two communication transmission links; the number of the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link and the cost value corresponding to the link are in a negative correlation relationship.
Optionally, each communication transmission link corresponds to a cost value, wherein the cost value is used for indicating a fee to be charged for transmitting the data packet in the communication transmission link;
in the initial stage of transmission, for a plurality of communication transmission links of the same type, the number of fragmented data packets allocated to the communication transmission link with the cost value exceeding the preset threshold is greater than that allocated to other communication transmission links.
Optionally, during the process of transmitting the fragmented data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission links, the number of the communication transmission links is dynamically adjusted according to a preset condition.
Optionally, the determining, according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links, the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission links includes:
if the number of the communication transmission links changes or the preset cycle time is reached, determining the link quality of the communication transmission links according to the packet loss rate and the round trip time corresponding to each communication transmission link; the link quality of the communication transmission link is in negative correlation with the packet loss rate and the round-trip time of the link;
and determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to the plurality of data packets and the link quality of the communication transmission link.
Optionally, each communication transmission link corresponds to a cost value, wherein the cost value is used for indicating a fee to be charged for transmitting the data packet in the communication transmission link;
determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links includes:
if the number of the communication transmission links changes or the preset cycle time is reached, acquiring the reciprocal of the cost value corresponding to each communication transmission link; wherein, for a communication transmission link with a cost value of 0, the reciprocal of the cost value is preset to be 1;
calculating the product of the link quality of each communication transmission link and the reciprocal of the corresponding cost value to generate a score of each communication transmission link, and acquiring the sum of the products of the link quality of all the communication transmission links and the reciprocal of the corresponding cost values to generate a total score; the link quality of the communication transmission link is determined based on the packet loss rate of the link and the round trip time;
and determining the distribution proportion of the fragmented data packets of the communication transmission link according to the ratio of the score of the communication transmission link to the total score, so as to determine the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link.
Optionally, the link quality of the communication transmission link is a ratio of a successful sending rate of the fragmented data packet of the link to the round trip time; the sum of the successful sending rate of the fragment data packet and the packet loss rate is 1.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided an audio and video data transmission apparatus, the apparatus including:
the link establishing unit is used for establishing at least two communication transmission links with the receiving end; the at least two communication transmission links comprise links of different transmission types or links of the same transmission type;
the slicing unit is used for slicing the audio and video data to be sent to generate a plurality of slicing data packets;
and the fragment data packet transmission unit is used for determining the fragment data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission links according to the plurality of fragment data packets and the at least two communication transmission links, and transmitting the fragment data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission links.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided an electronic apparatus, including:
a processor;
a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;
wherein the processor is configured to:
establishing at least two communication transmission links with a receiving end; the at least two communication transmission links comprise links of different transmission types or links of the same transmission type;
carrying out fragmentation processing on audio and video data to be sent to generate a plurality of fragment data packets;
and determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission links according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links, and transmitting the fragmented data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission links.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments herein, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of any of the methods of the first aspect.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can have the following beneficial effects:
in the process of realizing audio and video transmission, at least two communication transmission links are established between a sending end and a receiving end, the sending end carries out fragmentation processing on audio and video data to be sent to obtain a plurality of fragmentation data packets, and then the fragmentation data packets are transmitted to the receiving end through the at least two communication transmission links; and each link transmits partial data, so that a hacker cannot intercept and completely acquire complete audio and video data of the user, and the data security is high.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of an audio-video data transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication transmission link according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flow chart illustrating another audio-video transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an audio-video data transmission device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
For the problem that different intranets between a receiving end and a sending end cannot be communicated in an audio and video scene, the solution in the related technology is to establish a communication transmission link to connect the receiving end and the sending end, so as to realize the transmission of audio and video data; however, if the communication transmission link fails or has an unstable problem, the transmission of audio and video data is affected, and the user experience is poor.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an audio and video data transmission method, a flowchart of the method is shown in fig. 1, the audio and video data transmission method is applied to a sending end, and is executed by the sending end, where the sending end may be an application program integrated on an electronic device, and the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a computer, an intelligent tablet, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a server, or other devices; particularly, the sending end may also be an audio/video acquisition device, such as a camera, a video camera, a microphone, and the like.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of an audio/video data transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment, where the method specifically includes:
step S101, at least two communication transmission links are established with a receiving end; the at least two communication transmission links comprise links of different transmission types or links of the same transmission type.
And step S102, carrying out fragmentation processing on the audio and video data to be sent to generate a plurality of fragmentation data packets.
Step S103, determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission links according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links, and transmitting the fragmented data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission links.
In step S101, at least two communication transmission links are established between the sending end and the receiving end, and the sending end and the receiving end may perform connectivity detection through Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) and other technologies, so as to establish a plurality of communication transmission links; the at least two established communication transmission links may be a P2P transmission link and at least one relay transmission link, or at least two relay transmission links, and the selection of the link types may be specifically selected according to the actual situation, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application; it can be understood that, referring to fig. 2, the P2P transmission link is a point-to-point transmission link between a sending end and a receiving end, the relay transmission link is a link constructed based on a relay end, and the relay end may be a server, a cloud server, or a forwarding device with a relay function, and in an actual application process, the relay end may be a relay server built by itself, or a relay server rented to an operator, or a relay cloud server rented to a cloud manufacturer, or another forwarding device with a relay function that does not need to collect a fee, and so on; in one example, the communication protocol of the communication transmission link may be a UDP protocol, which provides a transaction-oriented simple unreliable information transfer service.
The receiving end may be an application integrated on an electronic device, and the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a computer, an intelligent tablet, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a server, or other devices; in a possible application scenario, the sending end can be an audio and video acquisition device such as a camera, the receiving end is a personal device such as a computer, and the sending end can transmit acquired audio and video data to the receiving end through at least two established communication transmission links.
In step S102, the audio/video data to be sent may be collected by the sending end in real time, or may be pre-stored in the sending end; the method comprises the steps that a sending end carries out fragmentation processing on audio and video data to be sent to generate a plurality of fragment data packets, each fragment data packet has a corresponding serial number, and the serial number is used for uniquely identifying the arrangement sequence of the fragment data packets in the audio and video data.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, no limitation is imposed on the execution sequence of step S101 and step S102, and specific settings may be performed according to actual situations, for example, step S101 and step S102 may be executed in parallel when the running memory is sufficient; if the operating memory is insufficient, step S101 may be executed first and then step S102 may be executed, or step S102 may be executed first and step S101 may be executed.
In step S103, after the sender establishes at least two communication transmission links and generates a plurality of data packets, the sender determines a fragmented data packet to be transmitted by the communication transmission links according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links.
The method comprises the following steps of determining the fragmented data packet to be transmitted by the communication transmission link, wherein the first step is to determine the fragmented data packet to be transmitted by the communication transmission link when transmission is started, and the second step is to re-determine the fragmented data packet to be transmitted by the communication transmission link based on a preset trigger condition in the transmission process.
In an embodiment, the method for determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link at the beginning of transmission includes, but is not limited to, the following ways:
in a possible implementation manner, when starting transmission, the sending end may determine the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to a preset allocation proportion, the multiple fragmented data packets, and the at least two communication transmission links; it can be understood that the distribution ratio of the fragmented data packets may be specifically set according to an actual situation, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application, and in an example, the distribution ratio may be average distribution, for example, if there are two current communication transmission links, there are 100 fragmented data packets to be sent, and the corresponding sequence numbers are 1 to 100, then according to an average distribution result, one of the two communication transmission links needs to transmit 50 fragmented data packets (assuming that the sequence numbers are 1 to 50 fragmented data packets), and the other communication transmission link needs to transmit 50 fragmented data packets (assuming that the sequence numbers are 51 to 100 fragmented data packets); in another example, the distribution ratio may also be set according to the type of the communication transmission link, for example, in order to save occupied bandwidth resources of the relay end, while the P2P transmission link does not need to consume bandwidth resources of any server, so that the P2P transmission link may be set: relay transmission link is 6: for example, there are 3 communication transmission links currently, which are P2P transmission links and 2 relay transmission links, 100 fragmented data packets are to be transmitted, and the corresponding sequence numbers are 1 to 100, according to the set allocation ratio, the P2P transmission link needs to transmit 60 data packets (for example, fragmented data packets with sequence numbers 1 to 60), one relay transmission link needs to transmit 20 data packets (for example, fragmented data packets with sequence numbers 61 to 80), and the other relay transmission link needs to transmit 20 data packets (for example, fragmented data packets with sequence numbers 81 to 100).
It should be noted that, after the number of the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by each communication transmission link is determined, the embodiment of the present application does not make any limitation on the allocation manner in which the sending end allocates the fragmented data packets to each communication transmission link, and may be specifically set according to an actual situation, for example, the sending end may allocate, according to the number of the data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link, the corresponding number of fragmented data packets with consecutive sequence numbers to the communication transmission link for transmission.
In another possible implementation manner, each communication transmission link corresponds to a cost value, the cost value is used for indicating a cost required to be charged for transmitting a data packet in the communication transmission link, the cost value corresponding to the relay transmission link is stored on a relay terminal corresponding to the link, after the relay transmission link is established, the cost value corresponding to the relay transmission link is sent to the sending terminal by the relay terminal, in an actual scenario, the relay terminal may be a relay server leased to an operator, or a relay cloud server leased to a cloud manufacturer, or another forwarding device with a relay function that does not need to charge, the operator or the cloud manufacturer charges according to traffic passing through the relay terminal, and from another perspective, the cost value specifically represents a cost required to be charged by the relay terminal for forwarding a unit of traffic, for other communication transmission links that do not need to charge, the corresponding cost value is preset to be 0, for example, the cost value corresponding to the P2P transmission link is 0.
Therefore, in order to save cost, the sending end may determine the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the cost values corresponding to the at least two communication transmission links, where the number of the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link and the cost value corresponding to the link are in a negative correlation relationship, that is, the lower the cost value corresponding to the communication transmission link is, the more the number of the allocated data packets is, and for the P2P transmission link with the cost value of 0, a large proportion of data packets may be allocated according to an actual situation, for example, 60% of the fragmented data packets to be transmitted may be allocated to the P2P transmission link.
Or, because the communication transmission link with a higher cost value has a better corresponding transmission speed, the sending end can fully utilize the high-quality transmission speed of the communication transmission link with a higher cost value in the initial transmission stage, and in all the communication transmission links of the same type, such as the relay transmission link, the number of the fragmented data packets allocated to the communication transmission link with the cost value exceeding the preset threshold is more than that of the other communication transmission links, so as to ensure the stable and fast transmission of the audio and video data in the initial transmission stage; it is understood that the specific value of the threshold may be specifically set according to the actual situation, and the embodiment of the present application does not set any limitation.
In the process of transmitting the fragmented data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission links, the sending end may dynamically adjust the number of the communication transmission links through preset conditions to ensure audio and video transmission efficiency, where the preset conditions may be specifically set according to the actual conditions, such as detecting link qualities of all communication transmission links, and if the link quality of a communication transmission link whose cost value is lower than the preset threshold meets preset requirements (which may be specifically set according to the actual conditions), reducing the number of communication transmission links whose cost value exceeds the preset threshold, thereby reducing transmission cost; or under the condition that a certain communication transmission link is detected to be in fault, deleting the communication transmission link to ensure the stable transmission of the audio and video data; or when detecting that a new communication transmission link exists between the receiving end and the receiving end, the communication transmission link is added, so that the audio and video transmission efficiency is improved.
In another embodiment, the sending end may re-determine the fragmented data packet to be transmitted by the communication transmission link based on a preset trigger condition in a transmission process, where the preset trigger condition may be that a change in the number of the communication transmission links is detected or a preset period time is reached, and specifically, the method for the sending end to determine the fragmented data packet to be transmitted by the communication transmission link in the transmission process includes, but is not limited to, the following manners:
in a possible implementation manner, if the number of the communication transmission links changes or a preset period time is reached, the sending end may determine the link quality of each communication transmission link according to the packet loss rate and the round trip time corresponding to each communication transmission link, where the link quality of each communication transmission link and the packet loss rate and the round trip time of the link both have a negative correlation, that is, the greater the packet loss rate and the round trip time, the worse the link quality of the communication transmission link is; the packet loss rate can be detected by the receiving end and returned to the sending end, the sending end adopts a Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) when encapsulating the fragment data packet, the RTP specifies a standard data packet format for transmitting audio and video on the internet, and the RTP and an RTP control Protocol RTCP are used together, so that the receiving end can provide reception quality feedback by using an RTCP message, and the RTP Protocol is created on a UDP Protocol; the round trip time is the time delay experienced by the transmitting end from the beginning of transmitting data to the time when the transmitting end receives the confirmation of the data from the receiving end; after determining the link quality of the communication transmission link, the sending end may determine the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to a plurality of data packets to be transmitted and the link quality of the communication transmission link; in this embodiment, the number of fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time condition of the communication transmission link, a greater number of data packets are allocated to the communication transmission link with better link quality, and a lesser number of data packets are allocated to the communication transmission link with poorer link quality, which is beneficial to improving the transmission efficiency.
Specifically, the link quality of the communication transmission link is a ratio of a successful sending rate of the fragmented data packet of the link to the round trip time; the sum of the successful sending rate of the fragmented data packet and the packet loss rate is 1, for example, if the round-trip time is rtt, the packet loss rate is lost _ rate, and the link quality is health, then the total of the successful sending rate of the fragmented data packet and the packet loss rate is 1
The larger the value of the link quality, the better the link quality of the communication transmission link.
In another possible implementation manner, in order to save the bandwidth cost of transmission and ensure the transmission efficiency, the sending end may further consider the cost value and the link quality corresponding to each communication transmission link comprehensively, and the sending end may determine the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission links according to a plurality of data packets to be transmitted, the cost value and the link quality corresponding to the communication transmission links, specifically, if it is detected that the number of the communication transmission links changes or the preset period time is reached, the sending end may obtain the reciprocal of the cost value corresponding to each communication transmission link, where for a communication transmission link with a cost value of 0, the reciprocal of the cost value is preset to be 1, then calculate the product of the link quality of each communication transmission link and the reciprocal of the corresponding cost value, and generate the score of each communication transmission link, the method comprises the steps of acquiring the sum of the product of the link quality of all communication transmission links and the reciprocal of the corresponding cost value to generate a total score, and finally determining the distribution proportion of fragmented data packets of the communication transmission links according to the ratio of the score of the communication transmission links to the total score, so as to determine the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission links; in this embodiment, the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by each communication transmission link are dynamically adjusted based on the economic cost and the link condition of each communication transmission link, and under the condition that the link quality of a communication transmission link with low cost (determined by a cost value) is good, the number of the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by such a communication transmission link can be increased, the number of the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by a communication transmission link with high cost (determined by a cost value) can be reduced, and the transmission efficiency can be ensured while the bandwidth cost is reduced.
In an example, the reciprocal of the cost value corresponding to each communication transmission link is cr, the larger the cr value is, the lower the cost of the communication transmission link is, for the communication transmission link with the cost value of 0, the reciprocal of the cost value is preset to be 1, the score of each communication transmission link is score, the score is equal to health × cr, n is an integer greater than 1, the distribution proportion of fragmented packets of the communication transmission link is pr, and the cost value of the communication transmission link is lower than the cost value of the communication transmission link
Setting the number of the current total fragmented data packets to be transmitted as M, and then setting the number Q of the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link as pr × M; if 2 communication transmission links exist currently, the score of the communication transmission link A is 40; the score of the communication transmission link B is 60, the total score is 100, the partition proportion pr of the fragment data packets of the communication transmission link a is 40%, the fragment proportion pr of the fragment data packets of the communication transmission link B is 60%, for example, 100 fragment data packets are currently to be transmitted, and the sequence number is 1 to 100, the number of the fragment data packets to be transmitted of the communication transmission link a is 40 (for example, the sequence number of the fragment data packets is 1 to 40), and the number of the fragment data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link B is 60 (for example, the sequence number of the fragment data packets is 41 to 100).
And finally, after the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link are determined, the transmitting end transmits the fragmented data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission link, and after the receiving end receives the fragmented data packets, the fragmented data packets are sequenced and recombined according to the sequence numbers corresponding to the fragmented data packets, so that the audio and video data are acquired.
It can be seen that, in the process of implementing audio and video transmission, in the embodiment of the present application, at least two communication transmission links are first established between a sending end and a receiving end, and the sending end performs fragmentation processing on audio and video data to be sent to obtain a plurality of fragmentation data packets, and then transmits the plurality of fragmentation data packets to the receiving end through the at least two communication transmission links, so that the embodiment of the present application implements multilink transmission, bandwidth pressure is shared by a plurality of links, high-bit-rate audio and video data can be transmitted more smoothly, and bandwidth cost of a central machine room is also reduced; and each link transmits partial data, so that a hacker cannot intercept and completely acquire complete audio and video data of the user, and the data security is high.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating another audio-video transmission method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the audio/video transmission method includes:
step S201, at least two communication transmission links are established with a receiving end; the at least two communication transmission links include a P2P transmission link and/or at least one relay transmission link. Similar to step S101, the description is omitted here.
Step S202, the audio and video data to be sent are subjected to fragmentation processing, and a plurality of fragmentation data packets are generated. Similar to step S102, the description is omitted here.
Step S203, determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links. Similar to step S103, the description is omitted here.
Step S204, generating corresponding grouping information according to the fragmented data packet to be transmitted by the communication transmission link; the grouping information indicates the sequence numbers of all the fragmentation data packets transmitted on the communication transmission link.
Step S205, respectively sending corresponding packet information to each communication transmission link, so that each relay receives the corresponding packet information and the receiving end receives all the packet information.
Step S206, transmitting the fragmented data packet to the receiving end through a corresponding communication transmission link. Similar to step S103, the description is omitted here.
Step S207, if receiving the retransmission request transmitted by the communication transmission link, retransmitting the lost fragmented data packet through the communication transmission link; wherein, the retransmission request indicates the missing fragmented data packet on the communication transmission link, and the missing fragmented data packet is determined by the relay terminal or the receiving terminal corresponding to the communication transmission link by using the packet information.
In this embodiment, after determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link, the sending end generates corresponding grouping information according to the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link, where the grouping information indicates sequence numbers of all fragmented data packets transmitted on the communication transmission link, and then the sending end sends the corresponding grouping information to each communication transmission link, so that each relay end can learn, through the received grouping information, the sequence numbers of all fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the relay transmission link, and the receiving end can learn, through the received grouping information on all communication transmission links (P2P transmission link and relay transmission link), the sequence number of the fragmented data packet to be transmitted by each communication transmission link, thereby ensuring integrity of audio and video data.
In an implementation manner, when the relay terminal or the receiving terminal confirms that a fragment data packet is lost on the relay transmission link based on corresponding packet information, a retransmission request may be sent to the sending terminal through the relay transmission link, where the retransmission request is used to indicate the lost fragment data packet on the relay transmission link, and the retransmission request may include a sequence number of the lost fragment data packet, so that the sending terminal resends the lost fragment data packet through the relay transmission link after receiving the retransmission request, and thereby, it is avoided that audio and video data is not smoothly played due to the loss of the data packet.
In another implementation manner, when the receiving end determines that a fragmented data packet is lost on the P2P transmission link based on corresponding packet information, the receiving end may send a retransmission request to the sending end through the P2P transmission link, where the retransmission request is used to indicate the fragmented data packet lost on the P2P transmission link, and the retransmission request may include a sequence number of the lost fragmented data packet, so that the sending end resends the lost fragmented data packet through the P2P transmission link after receiving the retransmission request, thereby avoiding unsmooth audio/video data playing due to the loss of the data packet.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the audio and video data transmission method, the application also provides embodiments of an audio and video data transmission device, an electronic device and a computer readable storage medium.
Referring to fig. 4, a block diagram of an embodiment of an audio/video data transmission device according to the present application is shown, where the device includes:
a link establishing unit 31, configured to establish at least two communication transmission links with a receiving end; the at least two communication transmission links comprise links of different transmission types or links of the same transmission type.
The fragmentation unit 32 is configured to perform fragmentation processing on the audio/video data to be sent, and generate a plurality of fragmentation data packets.
The fragmented data packet transmission unit 33 is configured to determine, according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links, a fragmented data packet to be transmitted by the communication transmission link, and transmit the fragmented data packet to the receiving end through a corresponding communication transmission link.
Optionally, the at least two communication transmission links comprise a P2P transmission link and/or at least one relay transmission link.
Optionally, each fragment data packet includes a corresponding sequence number, and the sequence number is used to uniquely identify the arrangement sequence of the fragment data packet in the audio/video data.
Each relay transmission link is constructed by a relay terminal.
The audio/video data transmission device further comprises:
the grouping information generating unit is used for generating corresponding grouping information according to the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link; the grouping information indicates the sequence numbers of all the fragmentation data packets transmitted on the communication transmission link.
And the grouping information sending unit is used for respectively sending corresponding grouping information to each communication transmission link so that each relay terminal receives the corresponding grouping information and the receiving terminal receives all the grouping information.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
a retransmission unit, configured to retransmit the lost fragmented data packet through the communication transmission link if a retransmission request transmitted by the communication transmission link is received; wherein, the retransmission request indicates the missing fragmented data packet on the communication transmission link, and the missing fragmented data packet is determined by the relay terminal or the receiving terminal corresponding to the communication transmission link by using the packet information.
Optionally, each communication transmission link corresponds to a cost value indicating a cost to be charged for transmitting the data packets over the communication transmission link.
The fragmented packet transmission unit 33 includes:
the fragmentation data packet determining module is used for determining the fragmentation data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission links according to the plurality of fragmentation data packets and the cost values respectively corresponding to the at least two communication transmission links; the number of the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link and the cost value corresponding to the link are in a negative correlation relationship.
And the fragment data packet transmission module is used for transmitting the fragment data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission link.
Optionally, each communication transmission link corresponds to a cost value indicating a cost to be charged for transmitting the data packets over the communication transmission link.
In the initial stage of transmission, for a plurality of communication transmission links of the same type, the number of fragmented data packets allocated to the communication transmission link with the cost value exceeding the preset threshold is greater than that allocated to other communication transmission links.
Optionally, during the process of transmitting the fragmented data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission links, the number of the communication transmission links is dynamically adjusted according to a preset condition.
Optionally, the fragmented packet transmission unit 33 includes:
the link quality determining module is used for determining the link quality of the communication transmission links according to the packet loss rate and the round trip time corresponding to each communication transmission link if the number of the communication transmission links changes or reaches a preset cycle time; the link quality of the communication transmission link is in negative correlation with the packet loss rate and the round trip time of the link.
And the fragment data packet determining module is used for determining the fragment data packet to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to the plurality of data packets and the link quality of the communication transmission link.
And the fragment data packet transmission module is used for transmitting the fragment data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission link.
Optionally, each communication transmission link corresponds to a cost value indicating a cost to be charged for transmitting the data packets over the communication transmission link.
The fragmented packet transmission unit 33 includes:
the cost value reciprocal acquisition module is used for acquiring the reciprocal of the cost value corresponding to each communication transmission link if the number of the communication transmission links changes or the preset cycle time is reached; wherein, for a communication transmission link with a cost value of 0, the reciprocal of the cost value is preset to be 1.
The link score calculating module is used for calculating the product of the link quality of each communication transmission link and the reciprocal of the corresponding cost value, generating the score of each communication transmission link, and acquiring the sum of the products of the link quality of all the communication transmission links and the reciprocal of the corresponding cost values to generate a total score; wherein the link quality of the communication transmission link is determined based on the packet loss rate of the link and the round trip time.
And the fragmentation data packet determining module is used for determining the distribution proportion of the fragmentation data packets of the communication transmission link according to the ratio of the score of the communication transmission link to the total score, so as to determine the fragmentation data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link.
And the fragment data packet transmission module is used for transmitting the fragment data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission link.
Optionally, the link quality of the communication transmission link is a ratio of a successful sending rate of the fragmented data packet of the link to the round trip time; the sum of the successful sending rate of the fragment data packet and the packet loss rate is 1.
The implementation process of the functions and actions of each unit in the above device is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding step in the above method, and is not described herein again.
For the device embodiments, since they substantially correspond to the method embodiments, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiments for relevant points. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the application. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Accordingly, as shown in fig. 5, the present application further provides an electronic device 40, which includes a processor 41; a memory 42 for storing executable instructions, said memory 42 comprising a computer program 43; wherein the processor 41 is configured to:
establishing at least two communication transmission links with a receiving end; the at least two communication transmission links comprise links of different transmission types or links of the same transmission type.
And carrying out fragmentation processing on the audio and video data to be sent to generate a plurality of fragment data packets.
And determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission links according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links, and transmitting the fragmented data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission links.
The Processor 41 executes the computer program 43 included in the memory 42, and the Processor 41 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The memory 42 stores a computer program of the audio and video data transmission method, and the memory 42 may include at least one type of storage medium including a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory, etc.), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), a Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and the like. Also, the apparatus may cooperate with a network storage device that performs a storage function of the memory through a network connection. The storage 42 may be an internal storage unit of the device 40, such as a hard disk or a memory of the device 40. The memory 42 may also be an external storage device of the device 40, such as a plug-in hard disk, Smart Media Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) Card, Flash memory Card (Flash Card), etc. provided on the device 40. Further, memory 42 may also include both internal storage units of device 40 and external storage devices. The memory 42 is used for storing a computer program 43 as well as other programs and data required by the device. The memory 42 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
The various embodiments described herein may be implemented using a computer-readable medium such as computer software, hardware, or any combination thereof. For a hardware implementation, the embodiments described herein may be implemented using at least one of an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a processor, a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, and an electronic unit designed to perform the functions described herein. For a software implementation, the implementation such as a process or a function may be implemented with a separate software module that allows performing at least one function or operation. The software codes may be implemented by software applications (or programs) written in any suitable programming language, which may be stored in memory and executed by the controller.
The electronic device 40 includes, but is not limited to, the following forms of presence: (1) a mobile communication device: such devices are characterized by mobile communications capabilities and are primarily targeted at providing voice, data communications. Such terminals include: smart phones (e.g., iphones), multimedia phones, functional phones, and low-end phones, etc.; (2) ultra mobile personal computer device: the equipment belongs to the category of personal computers, has calculation and processing functions and generally has the characteristic of mobile internet access. Such terminals include: PDA, MID, and UMPC devices, etc., such as iPad; (3) a portable entertainment device: such devices can display and play multimedia content. This type of device comprises: audio, video players (e.g., ipods), handheld game consoles, electronic books, and smart toys and portable car navigation devices; (4) a server: the device for providing the computing service, the server comprises a processor, a hard disk, a memory, a system bus and the like, the server is similar to a general computer architecture, but has higher requirements on processing capacity, stability, reliability, safety, expandability, manageability and the like as long as highly reliable service is provided; (5) and other electronic equipment with an audio and video acquisition function. The device may include, but is not limited to, a processor 41, a memory 42. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that fig. 4 is merely an example of the electronic device 40, and does not constitute a limitation of the electronic device 40, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components, e.g., the device may also include an input-output device, a network access device, a bus, a camera device, etc.
In an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, such as a memory comprising instructions, executable by a processor of an apparatus to perform the above-described method is also provided. For example, the non-transitory computer readable storage medium may be a ROM, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, and the like.
A non-transitory computer readable storage medium, wherein instructions in the storage medium, when executed by a processor of a terminal, enable the terminal to perform the above-described audio-video data transmission method.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown and described, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features herein disclosed.
Claims (11)
1. An audio and video data transmission method is applied to a sending end and comprises the following steps:
establishing at least two communication transmission links with a receiving end; the at least two communication transmission links comprise links of different transmission types or links of the same transmission type;
carrying out fragmentation processing on audio and video data to be sent to generate a plurality of fragment data packets;
and determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission links according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links, and transmitting the fragmented data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission links.
2. The method for transmitting audio-video data according to claim 1, wherein the at least two communication transmission links include a P2P transmission link and/or at least one relay transmission link.
3. The audio-video data transmission method according to claim 1, wherein each fragment data packet includes a corresponding sequence number, and the sequence number is used for uniquely identifying an arrangement order of the fragment data packet in the audio-video data; each relay transmission link is constructed by a relay terminal;
the audio and video data transmission method further includes:
generating corresponding grouping information according to the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link; the grouping information indicates the sequence numbers of all the fragmentation data packets transmitted on the communication transmission link;
and respectively sending corresponding grouping information to each communication transmission link, so that each relay terminal receives the corresponding grouping information and the receiving terminal receives all the grouping information.
4. The audio-video data transmission method according to claim 3, further comprising:
if a retransmission request transmitted by the communication transmission link is received, retransmitting the lost fragment data packet through the communication transmission link; wherein, the retransmission request indicates the missing fragmented data packet on the communication transmission link, and the missing fragmented data packet is determined by the relay terminal or the receiving terminal corresponding to the communication transmission link by using the packet information.
5. The audio-visual data transmission method of claim 1, wherein each communication transmission link corresponds to a cost value indicating a fee to be charged for transmitting the data packets over the communication transmission link;
determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links includes:
determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the cost values respectively corresponding to the at least two communication transmission links; the number of the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link and the cost value corresponding to the link are in a negative correlation relationship.
6. The audio-visual data transmission method of claim 1, wherein each communication transmission link corresponds to a cost value indicating a fee to be charged for transmitting the data packets over the communication transmission link;
in the initial stage of transmission, for a plurality of communication transmission links of the same type, the number of fragmented data packets allocated to the communication transmission link with the cost value exceeding the preset threshold is greater than that allocated to other communication transmission links.
7. The method for transmitting audio/video data according to claim 1, wherein the number of the communication transmission links is dynamically adjusted according to preset conditions in the process of transmitting the fragmented data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission links.
8. The method for transmitting audio/video data according to claim 7, wherein the determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links includes:
if the number of the communication transmission links changes or the preset cycle time is reached, determining the link quality of the communication transmission links according to the packet loss rate and the round trip time corresponding to each communication transmission link; the link quality of the communication transmission link is in negative correlation with the packet loss rate and the round-trip time of the link;
and determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to the plurality of data packets and the link quality of the communication transmission link.
9. The audio-visual data transmission method of claim 7, wherein each communication transmission link corresponds to a cost value indicating a fee to be charged for transmitting the data packets over the communication transmission link;
determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links includes:
if the number of the communication transmission links changes or the preset cycle time is reached, acquiring the reciprocal of the cost value corresponding to each communication transmission link; wherein, for a communication transmission link with a cost value of 0, the reciprocal of the cost value is preset to be 1;
calculating the product of the link quality of each communication transmission link and the reciprocal of the corresponding cost value to generate a score of each communication transmission link, and acquiring the sum of the products of the link quality of all the communication transmission links and the reciprocal of the corresponding cost values to generate a total score; the link quality of the communication transmission link is determined based on the packet loss rate of the link and the round trip time;
and determining the distribution proportion of the fragmented data packets of the communication transmission link according to the ratio of the score of the communication transmission link to the total score, so as to determine the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission link.
10. An electronic device, comprising:
a processor;
a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;
wherein the processor is configured to perform:
establishing at least two communication transmission links with a receiving end; the at least two communication transmission links comprise links of different transmission types or links of the same transmission type;
carrying out fragmentation processing on audio and video data to be sent to generate a plurality of fragment data packets;
and determining the fragmented data packets to be transmitted by the communication transmission links according to the plurality of fragmented data packets and the at least two communication transmission links, and transmitting the fragmented data packets to the receiving end through the corresponding communication transmission links.
11. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions, which when executed by a processor, perform the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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