CN111290558A - A kind of server power supply and power supply method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a power supply source and a power supply method for a server, wherein the power supply voltage comprises the following components: the voltage conversion module is connected in series between the PSU power supply and the mainboard and used for boosting the output voltage of the PSU power supply; the main board is connected with a plurality of voltage reduction branches, and a voltage reduction circuit is arranged on each real-time voltage reduction branch; the output end of the voltage reduction branch is connected with a load; the input end of the controller is respectively connected with the output end of the main board and the output end of the voltage reduction branch; and the output end of the controller is respectively connected with the voltage conversion module and the voltage reduction circuit. The invention can solve the problem of through-flow bottleneck of the mainboard, and greatly improves the loading capacity of the server; meanwhile, the high voltage is directly converted into electricity required by the load, and the conversion efficiency can be improved.

Description

A kind of server power supply and power supply method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of servers, and in particular relates to a server power supply source and a power supply method.

Background technique

With the development of cloud computing applications, informatization has gradually covered all areas of society. People's daily work and life are increasingly communicated through the network, and the amount of network data is also increasing. At the same time, the configuration of the server system that needs to be matched is also increasing, resulting in the continuous increase of the total power of the system itself.

With the continuous increase of system power, the power consumption of CPU, memory, GPU, etc. becomes larger and larger, and the load of server power supply becomes larger and larger, so the load capacity of server power supply becomes more and more important. Since the overall size of the server cannot be increased with the increase of power consumption, the power density of the server is increasing, and the bottleneck lies in the PCB part. The current capacity of the PCB board is certain. The larger the current, the larger the size of the PCB required. This is the biggest bottleneck for the increase of server power consumption. At the same time, another problem caused by the large current is the power of the rear stage. When the voltage is converted, the larger current makes the voltage conversion efficiency of the latter stage low.

The current server power supply architecture is to supply the PSU connector of the motherboard through the PSU output 12V, and then distribute the power to other loads through the PSU connector, including the CPU, memory, GPU and other loads need to input 12V for normal power supply . If the back-end load is too large, the current required by 12V will be very large, that is to say, the current from the PSU to the load end will be very large. On the one hand, the high current makes the conversion efficiency low, and on the other hand, the copper foil size of the motherboard PCB is limited, which leads to the limited 12V current that the PCB can pass here, which eventually leads to the bottleneck of server power increase.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a server power supply and a power supply method to solve the above technical problems.

The present invention provides a server power supply, comprising:

A voltage conversion module, a controller and a plurality of step-down circuits, the voltage conversion module is connected in series between the PSU power supply and the main board, and boosts the output voltage of the PSU power supply; the main board is connected with a plurality of step-down branches, A step-down circuit is arranged on the real-time step-down branch; the output end of the step-down branch is connected to the load;

The input end of the controller is respectively connected to the main board output end and the step-down branch output end; the output end of the controller is respectively connected to the voltage conversion module and the step-down circuit.

Further, the step-down circuit includes:

MOS tube, inductor and diode, the D pole of the MOS tube is connected to the output end of the main board, the s pole of the MOS tube is connected to the inductor; the inductor is connected to the load terminal; the output end of the diode is connected to the s pole of the MOS tube and the inductor The line between the two, the input end of the diode is grounded; the G pole of the MOS transistor is connected to the output end of the controller.

Further, the MOS tube is an NMOS tube; the controller adopts a DSP controller.

Further, the voltage conversion module includes a transformer inductor and a plurality of booster branches, and the booster branch includes a booster inductor, a booster diode, a booster capacitor and a booster MOS transistor; the booster inductor and The transformer inductors are opposite; one end of the boost inductor is connected to the input end of the boost diode, and the other end is grounded; the output end of the boost diode is connected to the D pole of the boost MOS transistor; the s of the boost MOS transistor The pole is connected to the main board; the G pole of the boost MOS tube is connected to the controller; the output end of the boost diode is connected to the ground wire through the boost capacitor; the boost inductor turns of the multiple boost branches are different.

Further, a switch is provided on the connection loop between the transformer inductance of the voltage conversion module and the PSU; and the voltage conversion module includes three boosting branches, and the output voltages of the three boosting branches are 24V respectively. , 36V and 48V.

The present invention also provides a server power supply method, the method comprising:

Collect the load power of the buck branch and calculate the total load power;

Calculate the input voltage according to the total load power and the motherboard current limit;

matching the boost circuit according to the input voltage value and enabling the matching boost circuit;

Calculate the buck target duty cycle according to the input voltage and the rated voltage of the load on the buck branch;

The MOS transistor of the step-down circuit is controlled to adjust the duty cycle of the branch to the target duty cycle, thereby reducing the input voltage to the rated load voltage.

Further, calculating the step-down target duty cycle according to the input voltage and the rated voltage of the load on the step-down branch includes:

The quotient of the rated voltage value of the load and the input voltage is used as the target duty cycle.

Further, adjusting the duty cycle of the power supply to the duty cycle of the load through the step-down circuit includes:

The DSP is used to control the on-off time ratio of the MOS tube within one frequency cycle of the power supply according to the duty cycle of the load.

Further, the method also includes:

setting the boosting range of each boosting branch according to the boosting output value of the boosting branch;

Establish a mapping relationship between the MOS tube device code of the boost branch and the boost range of the boost branch;

Establish the mapping relationship between the MOS tube device number and the load device code under the same step-down branch, and enter the rated voltage corresponding to the load device code.

Further, matching the boost circuit according to the input voltage value and enabling the matching boost circuit includes:

obtaining the boost range to which the input voltage value belongs;

Obtain the corresponding boost branch MOS tube device code according to the boost range;

The communication of the corresponding booster branch MOS transistors is controlled according to the corresponding booster branch MOS transistor device code.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that,

The invention provides a server power supply and a power supply method. The main board input voltage is adjusted according to the load power, the supply voltage is increased by using a high-voltage power supply, thereby reducing the current of the server main board, and the load power supply voltage is reduced to the load rated voltage through a step-down circuit. Realize the normal power supply of the high-voltage power supply to the server. The invention can solve the problem of the main board flow bottleneck, greatly improve the load carrying capacity of the server; at the same time, the high voltage can be directly converted into the electricity required by the load, and the conversion efficiency can also be improved.

In addition, the present invention has reliable design principle and simple structure, and has a very wide application prospect.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. In other words, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

The terms involved in the present invention are explained as follows:

DSP (digital singnal processor) is a unique microprocessor, a device that processes a large amount of information with digital signals. Its working principle is to receive an analog signal, convert it into a digital signal of 0 or 1, and then modify, delete, strengthen the digital signal, and interpret the digital data back to analog data or actual environment format in other SoCs.

The buck step-down circuit is a common step-down conversion circuit. The basic structure is the lower left: the equivalent circuit when the switch is turned on; the lower right: the equivalent circuit when the switch is turned off.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

Example 1

Referring to FIG. 1, this embodiment provides a power supply for a server, including:

A voltage conversion module, a controller and multiple step-down circuits. The voltage conversion module is connected in series between the PSU power supply and the main board to boost the output voltage of the PSU power supply; the main board is connected to multiple step-down branches, which are set on the real-time step-down branch. There is a step-down circuit; the output end of the step-down branch is connected to the load;

The input end of the controller is respectively connected to the main board output end and the step-down branch output end; the output end of the controller is respectively connected to the voltage conversion module and the step-down circuit. Loads include: CPU, memory, PCH, and GPU, etc.

In this embodiment, the voltage conversion module is a transformer, which can boost the PSU power supply voltage, and the boost value is determined by the controller.

The power supply voltage of the existing server is usually 12V. In this embodiment, the power supply voltage of 24V is used, and then the 24V power supply voltage is converted into a 2.4V load voltage through a step-down circuit to supply power to the load. The step-down circuit can use a commonly used step-down circuit type, such as a buck step-down circuit.

If the power of the server is 1200W, the current passing through the input end of the server motherboard: I=P/U=1200/24=50A, that is, the PCB of the motherboard needs to support the current passing through 50A, while the current generated by the existing server power supply is 100A . Obviously, by applying the power supply provided in this embodiment, the current-carrying capacity of the main board only needs to be half. It can solve the problem of the bottleneck of the main board flow, and greatly improve the load capacity of the server; at the same time, it can directly convert the electricity required by the load through high voltage, which can also improve the conversion efficiency.

Example 2

This embodiment provides a server power supply, including:

A voltage conversion module, a controller and multiple step-down circuits. The voltage conversion module is connected in series between the PSU power supply and the main board to boost the output voltage of the PSU power supply; the main board is connected to multiple step-down branches, which are set on the real-time step-down branch. There is a step-down circuit; the output end of the step-down branch is connected to the load;

The controller adopts DSP, and the output end of the controller is respectively connected to the voltage conversion module and the step-down circuit.

The step-down circuit used in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 2, and includes: a MOS transistor Q1, an inductor L1 and a diode D1. The D pole of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the main board end of the step-down circuit, and the s pole of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the main board. Connect the inductor L1; the inductor L1 is connected to the load end of the step-down circuit; the output end of the diode D1 is connected to the line between the s-pole of the MOS transistor Q1 and the inductor L1, the input end of the diode D1 is grounded, and the MOS The G pole of the tube Q1 is connected to the output end of the DSP. Among them, the MOS tube adopts NMOS tube.

The step-down circuit provided in this embodiment has the advantage of a wide input range, that is, the input can be 24V or higher. Such as: 36V, 48V, etc., the higher the input voltage, the smaller the current through the motherboard, the stronger the load capacity of the motherboard. Therefore, even if the input voltage of the high voltage voltage is dynamic, the step-down circuit provided in this embodiment can finally output a constant value low voltage.

The step-down principle of the step-down circuit is as follows:

The DSP will sample and detect the voltage value of the VR input terminal, and through internal calculation and processing, different input voltages correspond to different duty ratios, so as to adjust the NMOS tube to ensure that the output stable and accurate post-stage voltage is directly supplied to the back-end load terminal.

When the system detects that the input voltage is greater than or equal to 12V, the system starts to work. The DSP makes different input voltages correspond to different NMOS duty cycles through sampling voltage values and internal calculations. The specific calculation formula is: Vout＝Vin*D

For example: if it is detected that the input voltage is 24V and the output voltage is 2.4V, the duty cycle D=Vout/Vin=2.4/24=0.1, that is, the ratio of the on-off time of the NMOS tube in one cycle is 10%, and the other input The voltage is calculated in the same way.

The power conversion module of this embodiment includes a transformer inductor and a plurality of boosting branches. This embodiment adopts three boosting branches, and the circuit structures of the three boosting branches are the same. Taking one of the boosting branches as an example, the boosting branch includes a boosting inductor L2, a boosting diode D2, a boosting capacitor C2 and a boosting MOS transistor Q2; the boosting inductor L2 is opposite to the transformer inductor L; and the boosting One end of the inductor L2 is connected to the input end of the boost diode D2, and the other end is grounded; the output end of the boost diode D2 is connected to the D pole of the boost MOS transistor Q2; the s pole of the boost MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the motherboard; the G of the boost MOS transistor Q2 The pole is connected to the controller DSP; the output end of the boost diode D2 is connected to the ground wire through the boost capacitor C2. The number of boost inductor turns of the multiple boosting branches is different, so the output voltage values are also different. The output voltages of the three boosting branches in this embodiment are 24V, 36V and 48V respectively.

Example 3

This embodiment provides a server power supply method, and the method includes:

S1. Collect the load power of the step-down branch and calculate the total load power.

The DSP collects the voltage value and current value of each step-down branch, obtains the branch load power, and calculates the sum of all load powers as the total load power.

S2. Calculate the input voltage according to the total load power and the motherboard current limit.

Obtain the applicable current of the server PCB motherboard (determined by the motherboard), such as 50A. The input voltage value is the total load power divided by the applicable current. Since the server load may vary, the input voltage will also change accordingly, so it is necessary to collect the current input voltage of the server in real time.

S3. Match the booster circuit according to the input voltage value and enable the matched booster circuit.

The boosting range of each boosting branch is set according to the boosting output value of the boosting branch. For example, in this embodiment, the boosting range of boosting branch 1 is 12V-24V, and the boosting range of boosting branch 2 is It is 24V-36V, and the boost range of boost branch 3 is 36V-48V. Store the mapping relationship between the boost branch MOS tube device code and the boost range of the boost branch in the DSP

Assuming that the input voltage value is 30V, the booster branch 2 is selected, and the controller DSP uses the mapping relationship to control the flow of the MOS transistors of the booster branch 2 (the other two booster branch MOS transistors remain disconnected).

S4. Calculate the step-down target duty cycle according to the input voltage and the rated voltage of the load on the step-down branch.

Establish the mapping relationship between the MOS tube device number and the load device code under the same step-down branch, and enter the rated voltage corresponding to the load device code.

The quotient of the load rated voltage value and the current input voltage value is the load duty cycle, and the load duty cycle is marked with the load device code to which it belongs.

S5 , controlling the MOS transistor of the step-down circuit to adjust the duty cycle of the branch to the target duty cycle, thereby reducing the input voltage to the rated load voltage.

According to the mapping relationship between the MOS tube device number and the load device code and the load device code marked by the load duty cycle, the corresponding MOS tube is controlled to set the power supply duty cycle as the load duty cycle.

Although the present invention has been described in detail in conjunction with the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all fall within the scope of the present invention/any Those skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A server power supply, characterized in that, comprising: A voltage conversion module, a controller and a plurality of step-down circuits, the voltage conversion module is connected in series between the PSU power supply and the main board, and boosts the output voltage of the PSU power supply; the main board is connected with a plurality of step-down branches, A step-down circuit is arranged on the real-time step-down branch; the output end of the step-down branch is connected to the load; The input end of the controller is respectively connected to the main board output end and the step-down branch output end; the output end of the controller is respectively connected to the voltage conversion module and the step-down circuit. 2. The power supply according to claim 1, wherein the step-down circuit comprises: MOS tube, inductor and diode, the D pole of the MOS tube is connected to the output end of the main board, the s pole of the MOS tube is connected to the inductor; the inductor is connected to the load terminal; the output end of the diode is connected to the s pole of the MOS tube and the inductor The line between the two, the input end of the diode is grounded; the G pole of the MOS transistor is connected to the output end of the controller. 3 . The power supply according to claim 2 , wherein the MOS tube is an NMOS tube; and the controller adopts a DSP controller. 4 . 4 . The power supply according to claim 1 , wherein the voltage conversion module includes a transformer inductor and a plurality of booster branches, and the booster branches include a booster inductor, a booster diode, and a booster capacitor. 5 . and boost MOS tube; the boost inductor is opposite to the transformer inductor; one end of the boost inductor is connected to the input end of the boost diode, and the other end is grounded; the output end of the boost diode is connected to the boost MOS tube The D pole of the boost MOS tube is connected to the main board; the G pole of the boost MOS tube is connected to the controller; the output end of the boost diode is connected to the ground wire through the boost capacitor; The number of turns of the boost inductor of the voltage branch is different. 5 . The power supply according to claim 4 , wherein a switch is provided on the connection loop between the transformer inductance of the voltage conversion module and the PSU; and the voltage conversion module comprises three boosting branches, and the The output voltages of the three boost branches are 24V, 36V and 48V, respectively. 6. A server power supply method, wherein the method comprises: Collect the load power of the buck branch and calculate the total load power; Calculate the input voltage according to the total load power and the motherboard current limit; matching the boost circuit according to the input voltage value and enabling the matching boost circuit; Calculate the buck target duty cycle according to the input voltage and the rated voltage of the load on the buck branch; The MOS transistor of the step-down circuit is controlled to adjust the duty cycle of the branch to the target duty cycle, thereby reducing the input voltage to the rated load voltage. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the calculating the step-down target duty cycle according to the input voltage and the rated voltage of the load on the step-down branch comprises: The quotient of the rated voltage value of the load and the input voltage is used as the target duty cycle. 8 . The method according to claim 6 , wherein the adjusting the duty cycle of the power supply to the load duty cycle by the step-down circuit comprises: 8 . The DSP is used to control the on-off time ratio of the MOS tube within one frequency cycle of the power supply according to the duty cycle of the load. 9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the method further comprises: setting the boosting range of each boosting branch according to the boosting output value of the boosting branch; Establish a mapping relationship between the MOS tube device code of the boost branch and the boost range of the boost branch; Establish the mapping relationship between the MOS tube device number and the load device code under the same step-down branch, and enter the rated voltage corresponding to the load device code. 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the matching the boost circuit according to the input voltage value and enabling the matching boost circuit comprises: obtaining the boost range to which the input voltage value belongs; Obtain the corresponding boost branch MOS tube device code according to the boost range; The communication of the corresponding booster branch MOS transistors is controlled according to the corresponding booster branch MOS transistor device code.

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