CN111288606A - Universal diagnosis method for layering problems of air conditioning system of public building - Google Patents
Universal diagnosis method for layering problems of air conditioning system of public building Download PDFInfo
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- CN111288606A CN111288606A CN202010089423.0A CN202010089423A CN111288606A CN 111288606 A CN111288606 A CN 111288606A CN 202010089423 A CN202010089423 A CN 202010089423A CN 111288606 A CN111288606 A CN 111288606A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
- F24F11/38—Failure diagnosis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/49—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring ensuring correct operation, e.g. by trial operation or configuration checks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/20—Humidity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/30—Velocity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
- F24F2140/20—Heat-exchange fluid temperature
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- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a general diagnosis method for layering of air conditioning system problems of public buildings, which detects and diagnoses layer by layer from three aspects of an air conditioning water system, an air conditioning geomantic omen heat exchange system and an air conditioning air system, finds possible faults of the air conditioning system and provides a basis for adjustment and optimization of a subsequent air conditioning system. The method is characterized in that the method is focused on the overall analysis of air conditioner faults and is not limited to the independent diagnosis of a certain subsystem; the method provides an important reference for the omnibearing diagnosis of the air conditioning system problems of the public buildings in the actual engineering, wherein the water system detection is the core step of the method; the diagnosis starting point and the diagnosis steps are quite clear, and a relatively universal and effective diagnosis method reference can be provided for the diagnosis of the air conditioning system similar to the public building.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fault diagnosis technology of an air conditioning system, in particular to a layered universal diagnosis method for problems of the air conditioning system of a public building.
Background
In actual operation, a central air conditioning system of a public building often has the problem of poor comfort of a thermal environment such as overheating of a tail end room in summer or overcooling in winter. How to quickly diagnose the causes of these problems of the air conditioning system is always an engineering problem. Most of the existing related researches focus on the individual diagnosis of a certain subsystem in an air conditioning system, such as a water system, or a wind system, or an air and water heat exchange system. The Zhao Fang of the Chinese space technology research institute proposes a dynamic balance diagnosis method for a water system, which judges whether the water system is disordered and the disorder degree by testing the temperature difference and the pressure loss consistency of conveying media of different loop nodes of the air-conditioning water system; the Wu Bin of the Zhongjian second office mainly diagnoses and analyzes the air conditioning system of the office building from the aspect of the air conditioning system, calculates the theoretical opening of each regulating valve by adopting a method of combining a common step-by-step regulating method and a proportional balancing method with a computer, and diagnoses the air system from a main air pipe to a tail end air port according to the step-by-step regulating method, so that the main problems in the air outlet system can be quickly and accurately diagnosed; in the aspect of diagnosis of an air and water heat exchange system in a building air conditioning system, residual CUSUM control chart is adopted by the great waves of the Henan industry to detect the air supply temperature control process of a VAV air handling unit, so as to diagnose whether the variable air volume air handling unit is in fault or not. The research provides important reference for the problem diagnosis of the air conditioning system of the public building. However, the water system, the wind system and the thermal environment at the tail end of the water system and the wind system in the air conditioning system are closely connected, the problem of the air conditioning system of the public building is diagnosed only from a single subsystem, and the integral analysis of the fault of the air conditioning system is difficult to be given.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a layered universal diagnosis method for public building air conditioning system problems aiming at the problem of integral analysis of air conditioning system faults.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a general diagnosis method for layering of problems of air conditioning systems of public buildings specifically comprises the following steps:
1) detection and diagnosis of a water system: respectively detecting the water flow and the water temperature of a water supply main pipe and a water return main pipe of a building water system, calculating the actual total cooling capacity and the heating capacity of the building according to the water flow and the water temperature, and comparing and analyzing the actual total cooling capacity and the actual total heating capacity with the design load to give cooling capacity and heating capacity condition data; detecting and analyzing the flow imbalance rate of main parallel branch pipes for water supply of each layer in the water system, and determining whether the imbalance rate is within a design allowable range or whether the balance rate meets related requirements, so as to give total cold and hot uneven data of each layer of air-conditioning room;
2) air and water heat exchange system detection and diagnosis: detecting whether the temperature difference between the water supply and return of air-conditioning box water main pipes or fan coil air and water heat exchange system equipment at each floor of a building meets the requirement that the temperature difference is within 5 ℃; meanwhile, whether the temperature difference between the air supply and the return air of the main air pipe of each layer of the air-conditioning box meets the design requirement is detected, and a data analysis result is given to the cold-heat exchange condition of each layer;
3) wind system detection and diagnosis: detecting whether the air supply temperature and the air supply quantity imbalance rate of each air port at the tail end of the same air supply branch meet the requirements or not; detecting each index of the minimum unit room, and evaluating thermal comfort of a thermal environment;
4) according to the steps 1) to 3), the possible faults of the air conditioning system are found layer by layer from the air conditioning water system, the air conditioning wind-water heat exchange system and the air conditioning wind system, and a basis is provided for adjustment and optimization of the subsequent air conditioning system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a common problem hierarchical general diagnosis method for an air conditioning system of a public building, which aims at the integral analysis of air conditioning faults and is not only limited to the independent diagnosis of a certain subsystem; the method provides an important reference for the omnibearing diagnosis of the air conditioning system problems of the public buildings in the actual engineering, wherein the water system detection is the core step of the method; the diagnosis starting point and the diagnosis steps are quite clear, and a relatively universal and effective diagnosis method reference can be provided for the diagnosis of the air conditioning system similar to the public building.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagnostic route diagram of a problem layering general diagnostic method for a central air conditioning system of a public building according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram comparing the cooling capacity of the main pipe of the summer water system of the building with the designed cooling load.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a common building air conditioning system problem layered general diagnosis method taking an analytic hierarchy process as a core, which is mainly realized by the following steps as shown in a diagnosis route diagram shown in figure 1:
step 1: water system detection and diagnosis, namely respectively detecting the water flow and the water temperature of a water supply main pipe and a water return main pipe of a building water system, calculating the actual total cooling (heating) capacity of the building according to the water flow and the water temperature, and comparing and analyzing the actual total cooling (heating) capacity with the design load to give cooling (heating) capacity condition data; and simultaneously detecting and analyzing the flow imbalance rate of main parallel branch pipes for water supply of each layer in the water system, and determining whether the imbalance rate is within a design allowable range or whether the balance rate meets related requirements, thereby providing total cold and hot uneven data of each layer of air-conditioned rooms.
Step 2: detecting and diagnosing the air and water heat exchange system, and detecting whether the temperature difference between the water supply and return of air-conditioning box water main pipes or fan coil air and water heat exchange system equipment at each floor of the building meets the requirement that the temperature difference is within 5 ℃; and meanwhile, whether the temperature difference between the air supply and the return air of the main air pipe of each layer of the air-conditioning box meets the relevant requirements is detected. And (5) giving data analysis results on the cold-heat exchange condition of each layer.
And step 3: detecting and diagnosing an air system, and detecting whether the air supply temperature and the air supply volume imbalance rate of each air port at the tail end of the same air supply branch meet the requirements or not; the thermal comfort of the thermal environment of the minimum unit room is evaluated, and the evaluation of the thermal comfort of the thermal environment of the room is mainly measured by the uniformity of parameters such as temperature, humidity and wind speed of each tail end room and thermal comfort indexes such as PMV and PPD.
According to the 3 steps, the possible faults of the air conditioning system can be found layer by taking the air conditioning water system, the air conditioning air-water heat exchange equipment and the air conditioning air system as the grippers, and important basis is provided for the adjustment and optimization of the subsequent air conditioning system.
Example (b): and (3) diagnosing the problem of overhigh indoor temperature in the summer air-conditioning system of the regional energy office building.
The building is a regional energy office building, the total building area is 32878 square meters, the 3-layer building area of the underground part is 16793 square meters in total, the 10-layer building area of the overground part is 16085 square meters in total, and the building height is 50 meters. The cold and heat source of the building is connected with the centralized energy station in the area through the plate exchanger; the path of the air-conditioning water system is that cold water changed from the plates is divided into two parallel branch pipes along a main pipe and sent to air-conditioning boxes on each layer, wherein the office area of a building standard layer is divided into a west area and an east area, and the east area and the west area of each layer are both provided with one air-conditioning box; in the air-conditioning system, two-layer to eight-layer standard-layer offices, nine-layer conference rooms, offices and ten-layer high-rise leader offices all adopt Variable Air Volume (VAV) air-conditioning systems.
Step 1: water system detection and diagnosis
(1) Comparison of cold quantity of main pipe with design load "
The parameters of the case of the building such as the flow of the cold water main pipe, the temperature of the supplied and returned water and the like are obtained through field test, and the design cold supply capacity of the building water system is further calculated, and the specific reference is made to figure 2. The preliminary estimation of fig. 2 shows that the cold energy provided by the fully-opened cold water system of the building is 1284.5kW, which is far less than the requirement that the unit capacity specified in the "practical heating and air conditioning design manual" is at least 80% of the design load, so that the insufficient cold energy supply is one of the main reasons for the high temperature and the poor comfort of the indoor thermal environment of the building.
(2) Checking water flow balance of main parallel branch pipes "
The water flow balance condition of the two main branch pipes in the building air conditioner water system is detected, and the actual measurement result of the supply and return water flow of the main branch pipes connected in parallel in the summer water system shown in the table 1 is shown.
TABLE 1
Table 1 shows that the flow rates of branch pipe 1 and branch pipe 2 are 60-70m respectively3Between h and 90-100m3The imbalance rate of the main parallel branch pipes of a building water system reaches 33% between/h, and exceeds the standard requirement of less than 15%, and the problem of imbalance of water flow of the main parallel branch pipes is the main reason of uneven total cooling and heating of air-conditioning rooms at each floor in summer.
Step 2: air and water heat exchange system detection diagnosis
(1) Temperature difference between supply water and return water "
The air and water heat exchange equipment of the case building is centralized in the air conditioning boxes on two sides of everything from one floor of the hall to 10 floors. And the table 2 shows the detection data of the supply and return water temperatures of the coil pipes of the air conditioning boxes on the east and west sides of each storey of the building.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the detection results in Table 2, 95% of the air-conditioning boxes do not meet the optimal design recommended value of 5 ℃ supply and return water temperature difference specified in the air-conditioning ventilation system operation management standard, the maximum supply and return water temperature difference in actual measurement reaches 10 ℃, the minimum temperature difference is 2 ℃, and the individual air-conditioning boxes have the phenomena of overhigh supply water temperature and overlow return water temperature. This shows that the cold energy provided by part of the air conditioning boxes can not meet the room requirement, which results in the over-high temperature of the air conditioning room in summer.
(2) Temperature difference between air supply and return "
The field detection data of the air supply and return temperatures of the main air ducts of the air-conditioning boxes of 2-10 floors in the building are shown in the table 3.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from Table 3, the temperature difference between the air supply and return of the main air pipe of most air-conditioning boxes is close to 10 ℃, and the requirements of the specifications are basically met.
And step 3: wind system detection diagnostics
(1) Air quantity unbalance rate of each air port in room "
According to a sampling detection method, a certain room of the eighth building of the case building is extracted to be used as a typical room, air supply speeds and temperatures of air outlets of different VAVBOX (tail end devices of variable air volume air conditioning systems) and the same VAVBOX of the room are measured on site, and obtained data are respectively shown in table 4 for detecting the air speed and the temperature of the air outlet of the different VAVBOX of the typical room in summer and table 5 for detecting the air speed and the temperature of the air outlet of the same VAVBOX of the typical room in summer.
TABLE 4
TABLE 5
The air volume unbalance rates of the air ports are 53.1 percent and 41.7 percent respectively calculated from the measured data in the table, and both exceed the 15 percent threshold value specified by the relevant standard.
(2) Evaluation of thermal comfort in Room thermal Environment "
The temperature, humidity, wind speed, PMV, PPD and uniformity of typical functional rooms in a building are detected and checked by a sampling detection method, and the relevant detection results of the rooms are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6
Note: the tables show the actual measurement results under the working condition that no fresh air runs in the summer air-conditioning season of the building.
From the numerical value of the thermal environment comfort evaluation index, PMVs of three rooms subjected to spot inspection are all between (-1,1), PPD is less than 27%, the requirements of comfortable temperature, humidity and wind speed of personnel are basically met, but the health requirements of the personnel cannot be met because a fresh air system is not started by the building environmental control system; and the cold load of the air conditioner is increased after the fresh air system is started, so that the rooms are overheated, and the thermal comfort of the rooms subjected to spot inspection is reduced.
In summary, insufficient cooling capacity of a building water system and unbalanced flow of the main branch pipes are main reasons for overhigh room temperature of the air-conditioning working condition in summer of the case building.
Claims (1)
1. A general diagnosis method for layering of problems of air conditioning systems of public buildings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) detection and diagnosis of a water system: respectively detecting the water flow and the water temperature of a water supply main pipe and a water return main pipe of a building water system, calculating the actual total cooling capacity and the heating capacity of the building according to the water flow and the water temperature, and comparing and analyzing the actual total cooling capacity and the actual total heating capacity with the design load to give cooling capacity and heating capacity condition data; detecting and analyzing the flow imbalance rate of main parallel branch pipes for water supply of each layer in the water system, and determining whether the imbalance rate is within a design allowable range or whether the balance rate meets related requirements, so as to give total cold and hot uneven data of each layer of air-conditioning room;
2) air and water heat exchange system detection and diagnosis: detecting whether the temperature difference between the water supply and return of air-conditioning box water main pipes or fan coil air and water heat exchange system equipment at each floor of a building meets the requirement that the temperature difference is within 5 ℃; meanwhile, whether the temperature difference between the air supply and the return air of the main air pipe of each layer of the air-conditioning box meets the design requirement is detected, and a data analysis result is given to the cold-heat exchange condition of each layer;
3) wind system detection and diagnosis: detecting whether the air supply temperature and the air supply quantity imbalance rate of each air port at the tail end of the same air supply branch meet the requirements or not; detecting each index of the minimum unit room, and evaluating thermal comfort of a thermal environment;
4) according to the steps 1) to 3), the possible faults of the air conditioning system are found layer by layer from the air conditioning water system, the air conditioning wind-water heat exchange system and the air conditioning wind system, and a basis is provided for adjustment and optimization of the subsequent air conditioning system.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112857078A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-28 | 西安木牛能源技术服务有限公司 | Dynamic hydraulic balance adjusting method and system for cooling tower group water system |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN101788395A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-07-28 | 西南交通大学 | Overheat fault diagnostic detecting method and device for room with ground source heat pump central air-conditioning system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112857078A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-28 | 西安木牛能源技术服务有限公司 | Dynamic hydraulic balance adjusting method and system for cooling tower group water system |
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Application publication date: 20200616 |