CN111288149B

CN111288149B - Portable high damping is gyration power vibration attenuation gear drive for axle

Info

Publication number: CN111288149B
Application number: CN202010088601.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 盛冬平; 李晓贞; 徐红丽; 门艳钟; 何亚峰
Original assignee: Changzhou Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Changzhou Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2020-02-12
Filing date: 2020-02-12
Publication date: 2021-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-12
Also published as: CN111288149A

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable rotary power vibration reduction gear transmission device for a high-damping shaft, which comprises a vibration reduction mechanism, wherein the vibration reduction mechanism comprises a semi-vibration reduction mechanism A and a semi-vibration reduction mechanism B which have the same structure, the semi-vibration reduction mechanism A comprises a connecting plate, a fixed seat, balls, a pressure spring and a rotary mass block, the fixed seat is fixedly installed with a driven shaft, the rotary mass block is installed on the outer ring of the fixed seat, a plurality of balls are installed between the fixed seat and the rotary mass block along the arc direction, so that the rotary mass block only has the freedom degree of rotating around a rotary central shaft, the end part of the fixed seat is protruded relative to the end part of the rotary mass block, the connecting plate is fixed at the end part of the fixed seat, the pressure spring is installed between the connecting plate and the end part of the rotary mass block, and the semi-vibration reduction mechanism A and the semi-vibration reduction mechanism B are fixed through the connecting plate. When the system is in a rated operation condition, the invention can obviously reduce the problems of medium-high frequency vibration and noise caused by the rotation of the gear shaft in the gear transmission system.

Description

Portable high damping is gyration power vibration attenuation gear drive for axle

Technical Field

The invention relates to a gear transmission device, in particular to a gear transmission device with a power vibration reduction function.

Background

The problems of vibration and noise of the gear box have been known for a long time and have not been solved well to date. In the civil field, it directly affects the operational stability and reliability of the equipment. In the military field, the function is more important, and in the case of ships, the vibration and noise level of the gearbox directly determines the propagation distance, i.e. the distance detected by the enemy. The greater the vibration and noise, the more easily it is detected by an enemy, whereas if the noise vibration of an enemy vessel is smaller, the more difficult it is for my party to detect. Therefore, in both the civil field and the military field, how to reduce the vibration and the noise of the transmission system is a problem which needs to be solved urgently in all power transmission systems.

Vibration and noise in the gear transmission system mainly come from vibration generated when gear teeth are meshed and vibration generated when a gear shaft rotates, and the two vibration sources are transmitted out through a gearbox body, so that the problem of strong vibration and noise during operation of the system is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to remarkably reduce the problems of medium-high frequency vibration and noise caused by the rotation of a gear shaft in a gear transmission system when the system is in a rated operation condition.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a portable high-damping rotary power vibration reduction gear transmission device for a shaft comprises a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a driving gear capable of rotating around the driving shaft and a driven gear meshed with the driving gear and capable of rotating around the driven shaft, wherein a vibration reduction mechanism is mounted on the driven shaft; damping mechanism includes the same half damping mechanism A of structure and half damping mechanism B, half damping mechanism A includes connecting plate, fixing base, ball, pressure spring and gyration quality piece, fixing base and driven shaft fixed mounting, the gyration quality piece is installed in the outer lane of fixing base, installs a plurality of balls along the circular arc direction between fixing base and the gyration quality piece, makes the gyration quality piece only have around the rotatory degree of freedom of gyration center pin, the tip of fixing base is outstanding for the tip of gyration quality piece, the connecting plate is fixed in the tip of fixing base, the pressure spring is installed between the tip of connecting plate and gyration quality piece, and half damping mechanism A and half damping mechanism B pass through the connecting plate fixedly.

Furthermore, the upper surface of fixing base is provided with the recess, the both sides of recess respectively are equipped with two big cambered surfaces, the internal surface of gyration quality piece is provided with the arch, bellied both sides respectively are equipped with two little cambered surfaces, the protruding recess of inserting the fixing base of gyration quality piece, four ring shape tracks are joined in marriage into to big cambered surface and little cambered surface, the ball sets up in ring shape track.

Furthermore, the rotor mass is restrained against axial and radial displacement by four rows of circular tracks formed by balls, and is free to rotate about a rotor central axis.

Furthermore, the pressure spring is made of high-manganese-based high-damping alloy materials.

Further, the minimum spatial dimension V of the device is:

V_min＝f(A,B,C,L,M,N,I,O,P)

L≥x₀,σ≤σ_f,k₀,R，m₀。

the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) calculating the rated working frequency of the gear transmission system and the self weight of the gear shaft, directly installing the rotary power vibration damping module on the gear shaft by adopting a portable installation method, and transmitting the original vibration belonging to the shaft to the vibration damping module under the condition of not changing the original gear shaft in any design, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the vibration of the shaft;

(2) by utilizing a vibration reduction principle in mechanical vibration and according to parameters such as the rotating frequency, the weight, the external load and the like of a gear shaft, a proper vibration reduction mass block and a pressure spring are designed, and the method of installing the pressure springs at two ends is adopted to adapt to the vibration reduction requirements of the gear under two working conditions of positive and negative rotation;

(3) an optimal design method of the vibration reduction mass block and the pressure spring structure is provided, an optimal structural design scheme is obtained, and the compactness and the feasibility of the vibration reduction scheme of the gear transmission system are ensured;

(4) the vibration reduction pressure spring is made of a high-manganese-based high-damping alloy material, so that vibration energy can be dissipated through the high-damping pressure spring, and effective vibration reduction is realized;

(5) when the rated working speed is changed, the vibration reduction pressure spring can be adapted to a new working condition only by replacing the vibration reduction pressure spring, so that the purposes of vibration reduction and noise reduction are achieved;

(6) by adopting the design scheme of the rotary slide rail and the rotary mass block and combining the rail steel balls, the mass block can smoothly rotate around the central shaft on the rail, and the effectiveness of vibration reduction and the compactness of a module are ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall view of a rotary power vibration reduction gear transmission for a portable high damping shaft;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a rotary power damper gear assembly for a portable high damping shaft;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the damping assembly;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the damping assembly;

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the damping assembly;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a rotating mass;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a base plan view;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C in FIG. 9;

fig. 11 is a detail view of the connection plate.

The labels in the figure are: 1. a drive shaft; 2. a drive bearing; 3. a driving gear; 4. a driven shaft; 5. a driven bearing; 6. a driven gear; 7. a connecting plate; 8. a fixed base; 9. a ball bearing; 10. a pressure spring; 11. a rotating mass block; 12. a pressure spring mounting seat; 13. a first threaded mounting hole; 14. a second threaded mounting hole; 15. a vibration reduction assembly; 151. a semi-damping assembly A; 152. and a semi-damping assembly B.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an assembly diagram of a gear system with a shaft dampening module installed, and FIG. 2 is an assembly diagram of the gear system. As can be seen from the figure, the transmission system mainly comprises a driving shaft 1, a driving bearing 2, a driving gear 3, a driven shaft 4, a driven bearing 5, a driven gear 6 and a vibration reduction assembly. The damping assembly is mounted on the shaft 4 between the driven bearing 5 and the driven gear 6. If the vibration reduction problem of the shaft is not considered, the vibration reduction assembly only needs to be detached, and if the vibration is reduced to reduce noise, the vibration reduction assembly is directly installed on the shaft in a rapid mode.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the damper assembly, and it can be seen that the damper assembly 15 is composed of two half damper assemblies a151 and B152, between which the shafts are fastened together by bolts. Fig. 4 is an exploded view of a damping assembly, wherein a half damping assembly a is composed of two connecting plates 7, a fixed seat 8, four circles of balls 9, two compression springs 10 and a rotary sliding block 11. The semi-damping assembly B and the semi-damping assembly A have the same structure. Fig. 5 and 6 are plan and sectional views of the vibration damping assembly, and it can be seen that the mass 11 is mounted on the outermost ring, the rotating fixed seat 8 is mounted on the innermost ring, and four rings of balls 9 are mounted between the fixed seat 8 and the mass 11, and the balls 9 can play a role of limiting the freedom of movement of the rotating mass 11 in the radial direction and the axial direction thereof, so that the mass 11 only has the freedom of rotation around the rotating central shaft. The two fixing plates 7 are respectively installed at two ends of the fixing seat 8 through screws, and the fixing plates 7 on two sides and the sliding block 11 are respectively connected through the two compression springs 11, so that the rotation angle of the mass block 11 is limited by the compression springs 11. The damping modules A and B are fastened together in pairs through four connecting plates 7.

Fig. 7 and 8 are plan and sectional views of the rotor mass 11, and fig. 9 and 10 are plan and sectional views of the stationary base 8. It can be seen from the figure that the inner ring of the rotating mass block 11 is inserted into the groove of the fixed base 8, the two sides of the groove have four large arc surfaces which are respectively matched with four symmetrical small arc surfaces of the rotating mass block 11 to form four circular ring-shaped tracks, and the balls 9 are placed into the four circular ring-shaped tracks, so that the rotating mass block 11 is limited by the 4 rows of circular ring-shaped tracks formed by the balls 9 in axial and radial displacement, but can freely rotate around the rotating central shaft.

Fig. 11 is a detailed structural view of the connecting plate 7 in which four first threaded mounting holes 13 are fitted with four end faces of two fixing bases 8. The three second threaded mounting holes 14 are used for combining and tightly mounting the four connecting plates 7 mounted on the half vibration damping modules A and B on the transmission shaft 4 in pairs. Thus, the fixed base 8 and the transmission shaft 4 are fixedly arranged together, and the relative position of the fixed base and the transmission shaft is unchanged. A pressure spring 10 is arranged between a pressure spring mounting seat 12 on the connecting plate 7 and the end face of the rotating mass block 11, so that the rotating mass block 11 and the pressure spring 10 form a rotating dynamic vibration damping system. It can be seen that the dynamic vibration damping system does not change the original design, and only the module needs to be installed on the shaft.

The core principle of the rotary dynamic vibration absorber is that the torsion acting on the gear shaft causes the vibration of the shaft to be transferred to the vibration of the mass block in the rotary vibration absorbing module, namely, the transfer and the consumption of vibration energy are realized. The pressure spring 10 is made of a high-manganese-based high-damping alloy material, so that the vibration energy of the vibration reduction block is further dissipated by the high-damping pressure spring in a heat energy mode.

The design method and the process of the dynamic vibration damping module are as follows:

(1) acquiring a rated working condition rotating speed n of gear transmission, wherein the unit is rpm, namely the revolution per minute;

(2) calculating to obtain the shaft dynamic frequency f of the system, wherein f is n/60;

(3) designing the total weight M of the mass block to ensure that the total weight M is approximately equal to one tenth of the weight M of the transmission shaft, namely M is approximately equal to M/10;

(4) according to the formula

f is the axial frequency of the system, m₀For the mass of the mass block, since f and m are known quantities, the stiffness k can be calculated by a formula₀Here stiffness k₀Namely the rigidity required to be designed by the pressure spring;

(5) assuming the system input load torque is T, the force acting on the shaft

Wherein r is the radius of the shaft, the maximum designed compression amount of the compression spring 8 can be obtained

(6) So far, the calculation of three important design parameters in the rotary dynamic vibration damping module is completed: weight m of the rotating mass₀Stiffness k of compression spring₀And the designed compression amount x of the compression spring₀。

And finally, carrying out structural optimization design on the vibration damping module so as to achieve the purposes of minimum size and most compactness. The cross-sectional area, radian and gyration radius of the gyration mass block 11 are taken as design variables, and are respectively used as]Showing that the length, the length and the width of the section, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the pressure spring and the screw pitch are taken as design variables respectively]And (4) showing. Meanwhile, the minimization of the cylindrical volume V formed by taking the outer diameter of the rotating mass block 11 as the diameter and the thickness as the height is taken as an optimization target, and the compression amount x of the compression spring is taken₀Stiffness k₀Fatigue strength sigma of compression spring damping alloy material_fDimension R of the internal available space of the bearing-shaft-gear system in the original gearbox and weight m of the mass block₀The demand is a boundary condition. By optimizing the design, the minimum space dimension V is obtained. The formula can be expressed as follows:

V_min＝f(A,B,C,L,M,N,I,O,P)

L≥x₀,σ≤σ_f,k₀,R，m₀

the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a portable high damping is gyration power vibration damping gear transmission for axle, includes driving shaft (1), driven shaft (4), can wind driving gear (3) of driving shaft (1) rotation, can wind driven gear (6) of driven shaft (4) rotation with the driving gear engaged with, its characterized in that: a vibration damping mechanism is arranged on the driven shaft (4); the vibration reduction mechanism comprises a semi-vibration reduction mechanism A and a semi-vibration reduction mechanism B which have the same structure, the semi-vibration reduction mechanism A comprises a connecting plate (7), a fixed seat (8), a ball (9), a pressure spring (10) and a rotary mass block (11), the fixed seat (8) and the driven shaft (4) are fixedly arranged, the rotary mass block (11) is arranged on the outer ring of the fixed seat (8), a plurality of balls (9) are arranged between the fixed seat (8) and the rotary mass block (11) along the arc direction, so that the rotary mass block (11) only has the freedom degree of rotating around a rotary central shaft, the end of the fixed seat (8) is protruded relative to the end of the rotary mass block (11), the connecting plate (7) is fixed at the end part of the fixed seat (8), the pressure spring (10) is arranged between the connecting plate (7) and the end part of the rotary mass block (11), and the half vibration damping mechanism A and the half vibration damping mechanism B are fixed through the connecting plate (7); the pressure spring (10) is made of high-manganese-based high-damping alloy materials.

2. The portable high damping rotary power vibration-damping gear transmission for shafts as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of fixing base (8) is provided with the recess, the both sides of recess respectively are equipped with two big cambered surfaces, the internal surface of gyration quality piece (11) is provided with the arch, bellied both sides respectively are equipped with two little cambered surfaces, the arch of gyration quality piece (11) is inserted in the recess of fixing base (8), four ring shape tracks are joined in marriage into to big cambered surface and little cambered surface, ball (9) set up in ring shape track.

3. The portable high damping rotary power vibration-damping gear transmission for shafts as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rotary mass blocks (11) are limited in axial and radial displacement by four rows of circular ring-shaped tracks formed by the balls (9), and the rotary mass blocks (11) can freely rotate around the rotary central shaft.