CN111279573A - Method for charging lithium battery and related device - Google Patents

Method for charging lithium battery and related device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111279573A
CN111279573A CN201880068446.4A CN201880068446A CN111279573A CN 111279573 A CN111279573 A CN 111279573A CN 201880068446 A CN201880068446 A CN 201880068446A CN 111279573 A CN111279573 A CN 111279573A
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lithium battery
voltage
circuit
negative
charging
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CN201880068446.4A
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许柏皋
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SZ DJI Technology Co Ltd
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SZ DJI Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A method and related apparatus for charging a lithium battery. The method comprises the following steps: charging (210) a lithium battery to be charged according to a first preset current; acquiring the negative voltage (220) of the lithium battery; determining whether the negative voltage meets a first preset condition (230) according to the negative voltage; if the negative voltage meets the first preset condition, discharging the lithium battery according to a second preset current until the negative voltage meets the second preset condition (240), wherein the second preset current is not greater than the first preset current; and repeating the steps. The method can ensure the safety performance of the battery and improve the charging efficiency.

Description

Method for charging lithium battery and related device
Copyright declaration
The disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright is owned by the copyright owner. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the patent and trademark office official records and records.
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of lithium battery charging, and more particularly, to a method of charging a lithium battery and related apparatus.
Background
The lithium battery has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, no memory effect and the like, and becomes an important driving power supply and an energy storage element. In order to increase the charging speed of lithium batteries, a rapid charging method has been receiving attention. In the process of quick charge of the lithium battery, lithium ions are easy to deposit on the surface of a negative electrode, and along with the polarization phenomenon, the positive electrode potential rises and the negative electrode potential falls. When the voltage of the negative electrode is lower than the electrode potential of lithium precipitation, lithium ions are gathered on the surface of the negative electrode to form a negative electrode lithium precipitation phenomenon, and the formation of lithium dendrites easily punctures the diaphragm to cause the short circuit of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery, so that the problem of the safety and reliability of the battery is caused, and the charging efficiency is influenced.
Chinese patent CN1815798A discloses a method for improving the safety of a lithium ion power battery, which reduces or cuts off the charging current when the negative electrode potential approaches or reaches the condition of lithium metal deposition by detecting the negative electrode potential. This method slows down the rate of lithium deposition only to a certain extent and does not prevent it. At the same time, a prolonged charging time is also caused.
Therefore, how to effectively avoid lithium precipitation of the negative electrode in the rapid charging process of the lithium battery, the safety performance of the battery is ensured, and the charging efficiency is improved, which becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently in the rapid charging.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a related device for charging a lithium battery, which can improve the charging efficiency while ensuring the safety performance of the battery.
In a first aspect, a method for charging a lithium battery is provided, including: charging a lithium battery to be charged according to a first preset current; acquiring the negative voltage of the lithium battery; determining whether the negative voltage meets a first preset condition or not according to the negative voltage; if the negative voltage meets the first preset condition, discharging the lithium battery according to a second preset current until the negative voltage meets the second preset condition, wherein the second preset current is not greater than the first preset current; and repeating the steps.
In a second aspect, a circuit for charging a lithium battery is provided, including: a control circuit and a charge-discharge circuit; wherein the control circuit is to: controlling the charging and discharging circuit to charge the lithium battery to be charged according to a first preset current; acquiring the negative voltage of the lithium battery; determining whether the negative voltage meets a first preset condition or not according to the negative voltage; if the negative voltage meets the first preset condition, controlling the charge-discharge circuit to discharge the lithium battery according to a second preset current until the negative voltage meets the second preset condition, wherein the second preset current is not greater than the first preset current; and repeating the steps.
In a third aspect, a charger is provided, including: a power output interface, a signal interface and the circuit of the second aspect; the circuit is electrically connected to the power output interface and the signal interface respectively, the power output interface is used for outputting a charging signal, and the signal interface is used for acquiring charging information of the lithium battery.
In a fourth aspect, a smart battery is provided, comprising: a battery case provided with an accommodation chamber; the positive terminal and the negative terminal are arranged on the battery shell and are used for being electrically connected with an external circuit; at least one lithium battery cell accommodated in the accommodating cavity; and a control assembly mounted within the receiving cavity, the control assembly including the circuitry of the second aspect; the control assembly is electrically connected with the positive terminal, the negative terminal and the lithium battery cell and used for managing and controlling the state of the lithium battery cell, and the lithium battery cell is charged or discharged through the positive terminal and the negative terminal.
In a fifth aspect, a controller for charging a lithium battery is provided, including: one or more processors, working individually or collectively, the processors to: charging a lithium battery to be charged according to a first preset current; acquiring the negative voltage of the lithium battery; determining whether the negative voltage meets a first preset condition or not according to the negative voltage; if the negative voltage meets the first preset condition, controlling the lithium battery to discharge according to a second preset current until the negative voltage meets the second preset condition, wherein the second preset current is not greater than the first preset current; and repeating the steps.
In a sixth aspect, there is provided a movable platform comprising: one or more motive devices configured to effect movement of the movable platform; and the circuitry of the second aspect, the circuitry configured to control charging of the movable platform.
In a seventh aspect, a computer storage medium is provided, in which a program code is stored, and the program code can be used to instruct the execution of the method of the first aspect.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the charging process of the lithium battery is controlled based on the negative voltage, the lithium separation phenomenon can be avoided while the lithium battery is rapidly charged, and therefore the charging efficiency can be improved while the safety performance of the battery is guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a lithium battery cell of a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for charging a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an electrode tab of a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a graph of current versus time during charging of a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a graph of negative electrode voltage versus time during charging of a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for charging a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a charger according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a smart battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a movable platform of an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for charging a lithium battery. During the process of charging the lithium battery, the charging process of the lithium battery can be controlled according to the state parameters of the battery by detecting the state parameters of the battery, such as the internal pressure of the battery, the temperature of the battery, the voltage of an electrode, the residual electric quantity and the like.
In some embodiments, in the process of rapidly charging the lithium battery, the lithium battery is discharged by acquiring and detecting the negative voltage of the lithium battery and according to the negative voltage until the negative voltage meets a preset condition, and the lithium battery is continuously charged, and the above steps are repeated. Therefore, the voltage of the negative electrode is controlled to be higher than the lithium analysis potential, and the problem of lithium analysis in the rapid charging process of the lithium battery is effectively avoided.
In some embodiments, during the process of charging the lithium battery, whether the lithium battery is overcharged is judged by acquiring and detecting the internal pressure of the lithium battery. And if the internal voltage of the battery is higher than the preset value, controlling the protection board to detect the open-circuit voltage or the charging current of the battery, and controlling the charging process according to the detection result. Thereby preventing the battery from being damaged or even exploding due to overcharge.
In some embodiments, during the charging process of the lithium battery, the charging process is controlled by acquiring and detecting the battery temperature of the lithium battery. And if the temperature of the battery is higher than a preset value, reducing the charging rate or stopping charging. Thereby preventing the damage or explosion of the battery due to overheating.
Some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the specific examples are provided herein only to assist those skilled in the art in better understanding the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.
It should also be understood that, in the various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the processes do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of the processes should be determined by the functions and the inherent logic of the processes, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
It should also be understood that the various embodiments described in this specification can be implemented individually or in combination, and the examples in this application are not limited thereto.
The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application may be applied to lithium batteries including lithium ion batteries and lithium metal batteries, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a lithium battery cell of a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the lithium battery cell includes: the battery cell assembly comprises a positive electrode 101, a negative electrode 102, a diaphragm 103 for spacing the positive electrode 101 from the negative electrode 102, and a reference electrode 104. The positive electrode 101 and the negative electrode 102 are made of a compound capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions. The positive electrode is typically selected from lithium-intercalating transition metal oxides that have a potential greater than 3V relative to lithium and are stable in air, e.g., LiCoO2、LiNiO2、LiMn2O4、LiFePO4And the like. The negative electrode is generally selected from lithium-intercalatable compounds having a potential as close as possible to the lithium potential, such as various carbon materials including natural graphite, synthetic graphite, carbon fiber, mesophase spherule carbon, and the like, and metal oxides including: SnO, SnO2And tin composite oxides. In some embodiments, a reference electrode is used to indicate the voltage of the positive 101 and/or negative 102 electrodes. The reference electrode 104 may be disposed in the middle of the separator 103, and may be surrounded by the separator 103 so as to be insulated from the positive electrode 101 and the negative electrode 102. The reference electrode 104 may not be provided between the separators 103, and may be insulated from the positive electrode 101 and the negative electrode 102. In some embodiments, the reference electrode comprises at least one of: saturated calomel electrode, silver-silver chloride electrode.
The lithium battery cell further includes a housing 110, and the housing 110 has a receiving cavity for receiving the battery cell assembly.
The lithium battery cell further comprises a positive electrode connector 121, a negative electrode connector 122 and a reference electrode connector 124 which are arranged outside the shell 110, wherein the positive electrode connector 121, the negative electrode connector 122 and the reference electrode connector 124 are respectively connected to the positive electrode 101, the negative electrode 102 and the reference electrode 103 and are also used for being electrically connected with an external circuit.
The lithium battery cell further includes an electrolyte 130, and the electrolyte 130 is filled in the cell assembly and/or a space between the case 110 and the cell assembly.
As described above, when a lithium battery is rapidly charged, a lithium separation phenomenon may occur, which may cause a problem of safety and reliability of the battery. In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide an improved technical solution, for a lithium battery such as shown in fig. 1, a charging process of the lithium battery is controlled based on a negative voltage, so that charging efficiency can be improved while safety performance of the battery is ensured.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic flow chart of a method 200 for charging a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present application. The method 200 may charge at least one lithium battery, such as the lithium battery shown in fig. 1.
And 201, charging the lithium battery to be charged according to a first preset current.
The first predetermined current may be a larger current for faster charging. Specifically, the first preset current may be a maximum current that can be accepted by the lithium battery, that is, a maximum current that does not cause an undesirable side reaction and adversely affect the life and performance of the battery cell. In this way, rapid charging can be maximally achieved. For example, the first preset current may have a current range of 1C-10C. C is a battery capacity, for example, assuming a battery capacity of 1000mAh, the current range of the first preset current may be 1000 mA-10A.
202, obtaining the negative voltage of the lithium battery.
In order to avoid the problem of lithium separation that may occur when charging with a large current all the time, in the embodiment of the present application, the voltage of the negative electrode of the lithium battery is obtained, and the charging process of the lithium battery (i.e., the whole process from the start of charging to the completion of charging) is controlled based on the voltage of the negative electrode.
The negative electrode voltage is the voltage between the negative electrode and the reference electrode. The reference electrode is arranged in the lithium battery. That is, a reference electrode (shown in fig. 1) is provided in the lithium battery in addition to the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Accordingly, the positive electrode voltage is the voltage between the positive electrode and the reference electrode; and the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is the terminal voltage of the battery. For example, in fig. 1, the voltage between the positive electrode tab 121 and the reference electrode tab 124 is a positive electrode voltage; the voltage between the negative terminal 122 and the reference terminal 124 is the negative voltage; the voltage between the positive terminal 121 and the negative terminal 122 is a terminal voltage.
Alternatively, the negative electrode voltage may be directly obtained, that is, the negative electrode voltage of the lithium battery may be obtained by obtaining a voltage between the negative electrode and a reference electrode of the lithium battery. For example, the voltage between the negative terminal 122 and the reference terminal 124 in fig. 1 can be directly obtained.
Alternatively, the manner of acquiring the negative electrode voltage may also be an indirect manner, that is, an indirect manner of acquiring the positive electrode voltage and the terminal voltage. In this case, the negative electrode voltage of the lithium battery is obtained, and the negative electrode voltage may be determined according to a voltage between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the lithium battery and a positive electrode voltage of the lithium battery. Accordingly, in this case, it is also necessary to obtain the voltage of the positive electrode from the voltage between the positive electrode of the lithium battery and the reference electrode; and acquiring the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the lithium battery.
For example, as shown in fig. 3, the positive electrode terminal 301, the negative electrode terminal 302, and the reference electrode terminal 303 of the lithium battery can be used to measure the positive electrode voltage, the negative electrode voltage, and the terminal voltage of the battery. Specifically, the negative electrode voltage can be measured through the negative electrode tab 302 and the reference electrode tab 303; the positive electrode voltage can be measured through the positive electrode connector 301 and the reference electrode connector 303; the terminal voltage can be measured by the positive terminal 301 and the negative terminal 302. Any one of the positive electrode voltage, the negative electrode voltage and the terminal voltage can be indirectly obtained through the other two voltages, and therefore, each voltage can be obtained in a direct mode or an indirect mode.
Optionally, the cathode voltage may be obtained in real time, and a subsequent process may be performed based on the cathode voltage. The negative electrode voltage can reflect the deposition condition of lithium ions on the negative electrode, and the deposition condition of the lithium ions on the negative electrode can be known in time according to the negative electrode voltage by acquiring the negative electrode voltage in real time, so that the subsequent charging process is effectively managed. For example, the negative electrode voltage may be acquired in real time after the start of charging; alternatively, the acquiring of the cathode voltage may be started in real time after a certain condition is satisfied, for example, after an acquiring instruction is received. For example, the instruction may be issued after a period of charging. The cathode voltage is not reduced to be low when the charging is started, and certain processing resources can be saved by acquiring the cathode voltage in real time after the command is received.
Optionally, the negative electrode voltage may be obtained after the lithium battery is charged for a preset time, and then a subsequent process may be performed based on the negative electrode voltage. Since the change in the negative electrode voltage is not large at the time of initial charging, the negative electrode voltage may be acquired after a preset charging time. The preset time may be obtained through experimentation or training. This also results in a significant saving of processing resources.
And 203, determining whether the negative voltage meets a first preset condition according to the negative voltage.
If the negative electrode voltage does not meet the first preset condition, continuously acquiring the negative electrode voltage and determining whether the negative electrode voltage meets the first preset condition. And executing step 204 when the cathode voltage meets the first preset condition.
And 204, if the negative voltage meets the first preset condition, discharging the lithium battery according to a second preset current until the negative voltage meets the second preset condition, wherein the second preset current is not greater than the first preset current.
And discharging the lithium battery when the voltage of the negative electrode meets the first preset condition due to the possible lithium separation problem caused by the charging with larger current. Discharging raises the voltage of the negative electrode, thereby avoiding lithium deposition. And discharging until the voltage of the negative electrode meets a second preset condition, and then charging, namely, repeating the steps.
Fast charge (large current charge) the negative electrode voltage reaches the lithium-evolving potential more easily than small current charge because fast charge may cause deposition of lithium on the surface of the negative electrode, pulling down the potential of the negative electrode. Discharging (reverse charging) facilitates at least partial return of the portion of deposited lithium to the positive electrode, with each discharging operation being performed to return the portion of deposited lithium to the positive electrode. Thereby increasing the voltage of the negative electrode, and the potential of the negative electrode is larger than the lithium-separating potential, thereby avoiding the lithium separation.
Optionally, when the negative electrode voltage drops to a first voltage threshold, the lithium battery may be discharged until the negative electrode voltage rises to a second voltage threshold, where the second voltage threshold is greater than the first voltage threshold.
The first voltage threshold may be the lowest voltage at which lithium extraction is avoided. Thus, when the voltage of the negative electrode drops to the first voltage threshold value, the lithium battery is discharged, so that the lithium precipitation caused by the low voltage of the negative electrode can be avoided.
The second voltage threshold value can be close to the voltage value of the negative electrode voltage of the lithium battery in the last charging initial state; alternatively, the second voltage threshold may be a voltage value at which the negative electrode voltage does not rise any more during the discharge. In this way, the voltage of the negative electrode is raised to a high value by the discharge, and the next charge is performed, which can be performed for a long time.
Optionally, the first preset condition may include: the negative electrode voltage is close to the lithium evolution potential of the lithium battery. That is, the lithium battery may be discharged at a second preset current when the voltage of the negative electrode is close to the lithium deposition potential of the lithium battery.
Optionally, the first preset condition may include: and the voltage of the negative electrode is not more than 0.05V. When the negative electrode voltage is close to 0V, lithium deposition may occur, and therefore, when the negative electrode voltage is not greater than 0.05V, the lithium battery may be discharged at a second preset current to ensure that lithium deposition does not occur.
The second preset current adopted for discharging is not greater than the first preset current adopted for charging. For example, the current range of the second preset current may be 0.01C-1C.
Optionally, the first preset current and the second preset current may be constant currents or variable currents. Constant current means that the current is constant during each charge/discharge cycle. By varying current is meant that the current varies, e.g., may vary from large to small, during each charge/discharge cycle.
Optionally, charging the lithium battery according to a first preset current, which may be charging the lithium battery according to the first preset current for a preset time; or charging the lithium battery according to the first preset current until the lithium battery is discharged according to the second preset current.
That is, the time for charging the lithium battery may be preset, and the lithium battery may be charged according to the preset time; alternatively, the time for charging the lithium battery is not preset, and whether to switch to discharge is determined only by the negative electrode voltage. The former way can reduce the time for detecting the voltage, and the latter way can ensure more accurate control.
Optionally, the preset time for charging the lithium battery is longer than the time for discharging the lithium battery according to the second preset current.
Fig. 4 and 5 are graphs showing the current and the negative electrode voltage of a lithium battery during charging and time, respectively, according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the lithium battery is charged according to a larger current (e.g., 1C-10C), the negative voltage decreases as the charging proceeds, the negative voltage satisfies a first preset condition at time T1, the lithium battery is discharged according to a smaller current (e.g., 0.01C-1C), the negative voltage increases as the discharging proceeds, the negative voltage satisfies a second preset condition at time T2, and the lithium battery is charged according to a larger current, and the above process is repeated.
It is to be understood that since the negative voltage may be derived from the positive voltage and the terminal voltage, the above operation based on the negative voltage may be converted to an operation based on the positive voltage and the terminal voltage. That is, the negative electrode voltage may not be acquired, and the corresponding operation may be performed directly based on the positive electrode voltage and the terminal voltage. For example, the operation of discharging the lithium battery may be determined based on the positive electrode voltage and the terminal voltage. For brevity, no further description is provided herein.
According to the technical scheme, the lithium battery is charged by adopting large current, the lithium battery is discharged when the negative voltage is reduced to the preset value based on the charging process of the negative voltage control lithium battery, the lithium battery is charged again after the negative voltage is increased, and the lithium battery can be charged quickly based on the negative voltage in a circulating charging and discharging mode of the lithium battery, so that the lithium phenomenon is prevented from being separated.
Optionally, in this embodiment of the present application, a voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery may be obtained, and whether the lithium battery is fully charged may be determined according to the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery.
And when the voltage (terminal voltage) between the anode and the cathode of the lithium battery reaches a preset value, determining that the lithium battery is fully charged, and finishing the charging process.
In addition, if the negative voltage of the lithium battery is still low, for example, close to zero volts, after the lithium battery is discharged, it can be determined that the battery performance is deteriorated, and the charging process is stopped, thereby avoiding a safety accident.
In the charging process, the temperature of the lithium battery can be considered, and corresponding treatment is carried out based on the temperature of the lithium battery. That is, in this case, it is also possible to detect the temperature of the lithium battery, which may be the temperature near the surface and/or the tabs of the lithium battery. For example, the temperature of the lithium battery may be acquired by a sensor. The method comprises the steps of charging the lithium battery when the temperature of the lithium battery reaches a preset temperature threshold; and when the temperature of the lithium battery does not reach the preset threshold value, triggering a display device to display the temperature of the lithium battery, and stopping charging the lithium battery.
When the negative electrode temperature is too low, a lithium deposition phenomenon is likely to occur. The charging process of the lithium battery is controlled by combining the temperature, so that the lithium battery can be prevented from being charged under the condition that the temperature of the negative electrode is too low, and the safety performance of the battery can be better ensured.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the charging process of the lithium battery is controlled based on the negative voltage, the lithium separation phenomenon can be avoided while the lithium battery is rapidly charged, and therefore the charging efficiency can be improved while the safety performance of the battery is guaranteed.
The method for charging a lithium battery according to the embodiment of the present application is described above in detail, and the circuit for charging a lithium battery, the charger, the smart battery, the controller, and the movable platform according to the embodiment of the present application are described below.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a circuit 600 for charging a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present application. The circuit 600 may perform the method for charging a lithium battery according to the embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 6, the circuit 600 may include: a control circuit 610 and a charge and discharge circuit 620.
The control circuit 610 is configured to:
controlling the charging and discharging circuit 620 to charge the lithium battery to be charged according to a first preset current;
acquiring the negative voltage of the lithium battery;
determining whether the negative voltage meets a first preset condition or not according to the negative voltage;
if the negative voltage meets the first preset condition, controlling the charge-discharge circuit 620 to discharge the lithium battery according to a second preset current until the negative voltage meets the second preset condition, wherein the second preset current is not greater than the first preset current;
and repeating the steps.
Alternatively, the control circuit 610 may employ a Microcontroller Unit (MCU).
The charging and discharging circuit 620 is used for charging/discharging the lithium battery under the control of the control circuit 610.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, the circuit 600 may further include: a detection circuit 630.
The detection circuit 630 is configured to detect an electrode voltage of the lithium battery and transmit the electrode voltage to the control circuit 610.
Alternatively, the detection Circuit 630 may employ an Integrated Circuit (IC).
The detection circuit 630 may include connection lines for electrically connecting to the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the reference electrode of the lithium battery, respectively. The voltage of the positive electrode can be detected through a connecting wire electrically connected with the positive electrode and the reference electrode of the lithium battery; the negative electrode voltage can be detected through a connecting wire electrically connected with the negative electrode and the reference electrode of the lithium battery; the terminal voltage can be detected through a connection line electrically connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery.
The detection circuit 630 is in communication with the control circuit 610, and the detection circuit 630 may transmit the detected voltage to the control circuit 610.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 610 is configured to control the charging and discharging circuit 620 to charge the lithium battery according to the first preset current for a preset time, or charge the lithium battery according to the first preset current until the lithium battery is discharged according to a second preset current.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 610 is configured to obtain a voltage between a negative electrode and a reference electrode of the lithium battery, wherein the reference electrode is disposed in the lithium battery.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 610 is configured to determine the negative voltage according to a voltage between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the lithium battery, and a positive voltage of the lithium battery.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 610 is further configured to obtain the voltage of the positive electrode according to a voltage between the positive electrode and a reference electrode of the lithium battery, wherein the reference electrode is disposed in the lithium battery.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 610 is further configured to obtain a voltage between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the lithium battery.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 610 is configured to obtain the negative electrode voltage in real time, or obtain the negative electrode voltage after charging the lithium battery for a preset time.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the preset time is longer than a time for discharging the lithium battery according to the second preset current.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 610 is configured to control the charging and discharging circuit 620, and when the negative voltage drops to a first voltage threshold, discharge the lithium battery until the negative voltage rises to a second voltage threshold, where the second voltage threshold is greater than the first voltage threshold.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the second voltage threshold is close to a voltage value of a negative electrode voltage of the lithium battery in a last initial charging state.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the second voltage threshold is a voltage value when the negative electrode voltage does not rise any more during the discharging process.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first preset condition includes: the negative electrode voltage is close to the lithium evolution potential of the lithium battery.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first preset condition includes: and the voltage of the negative electrode is not more than 0.05V.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first preset current has a current range of 1C-10C.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the second predetermined current has a current range of 0.01C-1C.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first preset current and the second preset current are constant currents or variable currents.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 610 is further configured to obtain a voltage between an anode and a cathode of the lithium battery, and determine whether the lithium battery is fully charged according to the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the lithium battery.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 610 is further configured to obtain a temperature of the lithium battery.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the circuit 600 may further include:
and the sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the lithium battery and transmitting the temperature of the lithium battery to the control circuit.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the sensor is configured to detect a temperature near a surface and/or a tab of the lithium battery.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the temperature of the lithium battery is a temperature near the surface and/or the tabs of the lithium battery.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 610 is further configured to:
when the temperature of the lithium battery reaches a preset temperature threshold, controlling the charging and discharging circuit 620 to charge or discharge the lithium battery;
and when the temperature of the lithium battery does not reach the preset threshold value, triggering a display circuit to display the temperature of the lithium battery, and stopping charging the lithium battery.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, there is at least one lithium battery.
On the basis of fig. 6, fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a charger 700 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the charger 700 includes:
a power output interface 710, a signal interface 720, and the circuit 600 for charging a lithium battery according to the embodiment of the present application.
The circuit 600 is electrically connected to the power output interface 710 and the signal interface 720 respectively, the power output interface 710 is used for outputting a charging signal, and the signal interface 720 is used for acquiring charging information of a lithium battery.
On the basis of fig. 6, fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a smart battery 800 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the smart battery 800 may include:
a battery case 810 provided with an accommodation chamber;
a positive terminal 821 and a negative terminal 822 provided in the battery case 810, the positive terminal 821 and the negative terminal 822 being electrically connected to an external circuit;
at least one lithium battery cell 820 accommodated in the accommodating cavity, wherein the lithium battery cell 820 may be the lithium battery cell shown in fig. 1; and the number of the first and second groups,
and a control assembly 830 installed in the accommodating cavity, wherein the control assembly includes the circuit 600 for charging a lithium battery according to the embodiment of the present application.
The control module 830 is connected to the positive terminal 821, the negative terminal 822, and the lithium battery cell 820, and is configured to control a state of the lithium battery cell 820, and the lithium battery cell 820 is charged or discharged through the positive terminal 821 and the negative terminal 822.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a controller for charging a lithium battery, where the controller includes one or more processors, and the processors are individually or collectively configured to execute the method for charging a lithium battery according to the embodiment of the present application.
On the basis of fig. 6, the embodiment of the present application further provides a movable platform 900, as shown in fig. 9. The movable platform 900 includes: one or more power plants 910 and the circuit 600 for charging a lithium battery of the embodiments of the present application described above.
One or more motive devices 910 configured to effect movement of the moveable platform 900.
The circuit 600 is configured to control charging of the movable platform 900.
For example, the movable platform 900 may be an unmanned aerial vehicle, an unmanned ship, an autonomous vehicle, a robot, an aerial system, an aerial vehicle, or a handheld cradle head, etc., but the present embodiment is not limited thereto.
The circuit, the charger, the intelligent battery, the controller and the movable platform for charging the lithium battery in the embodiment of the present application may correspond to the execution main body of the method for charging the lithium battery in the embodiment of the present application, and the above and other operations and/or functions of each module in the circuit, the charger, the intelligent battery, the controller and the movable platform for charging the lithium battery are respectively for implementing corresponding flows of the foregoing methods, and are not described herein again for brevity.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where a program code is stored in the computer storage medium, and the program code may be used to instruct to execute the method for charging a lithium battery according to the embodiment of the present application.
It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the term "and/or" is only one kind of association relation describing an associated object, and means that three kinds of relations may exist. For example, a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the components and steps of the examples have been described in a functional general in the foregoing description for the purpose of illustrating clearly the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be an electric, mechanical or other form of connection.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiments of the present application.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially or partially contributed by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (51)

1. A method of charging a lithium battery, comprising:
charging a lithium battery to be charged according to a first preset current;
acquiring the negative voltage of the lithium battery;
determining whether the negative voltage meets a first preset condition or not according to the negative voltage;
if the negative voltage meets the first preset condition, discharging the lithium battery according to a second preset current until the negative voltage meets the second preset condition, wherein the second preset current is not greater than the first preset current;
and repeating the steps.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein charging the lithium battery to be charged at a first predetermined current comprises:
charging the lithium battery for a preset time according to the first preset current; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and charging the lithium battery according to the first preset current until the lithium battery is discharged according to a second preset current.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the negative electrode voltage of the lithium battery comprises:
obtaining a voltage between a negative electrode of the lithium battery and a reference electrode, wherein the reference electrode is disposed within the lithium battery.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the negative electrode voltage of the lithium battery comprises:
and determining the voltage of the negative electrode according to the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery and the voltage of the positive electrode of the lithium battery.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
and obtaining the voltage of the positive electrode according to the voltage between the positive electrode and a reference electrode of the lithium battery, wherein the reference electrode is arranged in the lithium battery.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein prior to determining the negative voltage based on the voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery and the voltage of the positive electrode of the lithium battery, comprising:
and acquiring the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the lithium battery.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining a negative electrode voltage of a lithium battery to be charged comprises:
and acquiring the negative electrode voltage in real time, or acquiring the negative electrode voltage after the lithium battery is charged for a preset time.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the predetermined time is greater than a time to discharge the lithium battery at the second predetermined current.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein if the negative electrode voltage satisfies the first preset condition, discharging the lithium battery according to a second preset current until the negative electrode voltage satisfies the second preset condition includes:
and discharging the lithium battery when the negative voltage is reduced to a first voltage threshold value until the negative voltage is increased to a lithium battery with a second voltage threshold value, wherein the second voltage threshold value is larger than the first voltage threshold value.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the second voltage threshold is close to a voltage value of a negative electrode voltage of the lithium battery at a last initial state of charge.
11. A method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the second voltage threshold is a voltage value at which the negative voltage no longer rises during discharge.
12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first preset condition comprises: the negative electrode voltage is close to the lithium evolution potential of the lithium battery.
13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first preset condition comprises: and the voltage of the negative electrode is not more than 0.05V.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the first predetermined current is in a current range of 1C-10C.
15. The method of claim 1, wherein the second predetermined current is in a current range of 0.01C-1C.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein the first predetermined current and the second predetermined current are constant or variable.
17. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and acquiring the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the lithium battery, and determining whether the lithium battery is fully charged according to the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the lithium battery.
18. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and acquiring the temperature of the lithium battery.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the obtaining the temperature of the lithium battery comprises:
and acquiring the temperature near the surface and/or the electrode lug of the lithium battery.
20. The method of claim 18, wherein the obtaining the temperature of the lithium battery comprises:
and acquiring the temperature of the lithium battery through a sensor.
21. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
the method of charging a lithium battery as claimed in claim 1 when the temperature of the lithium battery reaches a predetermined temperature threshold;
and when the temperature of the lithium battery does not reach the preset threshold value, triggering a display device to display the temperature of the lithium battery, and stopping charging the lithium battery.
22. The method of claim 1, wherein there is at least one lithium battery.
23. A circuit for charging a lithium battery, comprising: a control circuit and a charge-discharge circuit;
wherein the control circuit is to:
controlling the charging and discharging circuit to charge the lithium battery to be charged according to a first preset current;
acquiring the negative voltage of the lithium battery;
determining whether the negative voltage meets a first preset condition or not according to the negative voltage;
if the negative voltage meets the first preset condition, controlling the charge-discharge circuit to discharge the lithium battery according to a second preset current until the negative voltage meets the second preset condition, wherein the second preset current is not greater than the first preset current;
and repeating the steps.
24. The circuit of claim 23, further comprising:
and the detection circuit is used for detecting the electrode voltage of the lithium battery and transmitting the electrode voltage to the control circuit.
25. The circuit of claim 24, wherein the detection circuit comprises connection wires for electrically connecting to the positive, negative and reference electrodes of the lithium battery, respectively.
26. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the control circuit is configured to control the charging and discharging circuit to charge the lithium battery at the first preset current for a preset time or to charge the lithium battery at the first preset current until the lithium battery is discharged at a second preset current.
27. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the control circuit is configured to obtain a voltage between a negative electrode of the lithium battery and a reference electrode, wherein the reference electrode is disposed within the lithium battery.
28. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the control circuit is configured to determine the negative voltage based on a voltage between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the lithium battery and a voltage of the positive electrode of the lithium battery.
29. The circuit of claim 28, wherein the control circuit is further configured to derive the positive electrode voltage from a voltage between a positive electrode of the lithium battery and a reference electrode, wherein the reference electrode is disposed within the lithium battery.
30. The method of claim 28, wherein the control circuit is further configured to obtain a voltage between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the lithium battery.
31. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the control circuit is configured to obtain the negative voltage in real time or after charging the lithium battery for a preset time.
32. The circuit of claim 31, wherein the predetermined time is greater than a time to discharge the lithium battery at the second predetermined current.
33. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the control circuit is configured to control the charging and discharging circuit to discharge the lithium battery when the negative voltage drops to a first voltage threshold until the negative voltage rises to a second voltage threshold, wherein the second voltage threshold is greater than the first voltage threshold.
34. The circuit of claim 33, wherein the second voltage threshold is close to a voltage value of a negative electrode voltage of the lithium battery at a last initial state of charge.
35. A circuit as claimed in claim 33 or 34, wherein the second voltage threshold is a voltage value at which the negative voltage no longer rises during discharge.
36. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the first preset condition comprises: the negative electrode voltage is close to the lithium evolution potential of the lithium battery.
37. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the first preset condition comprises: and the voltage of the negative electrode is not more than 0.05V.
38. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the first predetermined current is in a current range of 1C-10C.
39. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the second predetermined current is in a current range of 0.01C-1C.
40. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the first predetermined current and the second predetermined current are constant current or variable current.
41. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the control circuit is further configured to obtain a voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery, and determine whether the lithium battery is fully charged based on the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery.
42. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the control circuit is further configured to obtain a temperature of the lithium battery.
43. The circuit of claim 42, further comprising:
and the sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the lithium battery and transmitting the temperature of the lithium battery to the control circuit.
44. The circuit of claim 43, wherein the sensor is configured to sense a temperature near a surface and/or a tab of the lithium battery.
45. The circuit of claim 42 wherein the temperature of the lithium battery is the temperature near the surface and/or tabs of the lithium battery.
46. The circuit of claim 42, wherein the control circuit is further configured to:
when the temperature of the lithium battery reaches a preset temperature threshold value, controlling the charging and discharging circuit to charge or discharge the lithium battery;
and when the temperature of the lithium battery does not reach the preset threshold value, triggering a display circuit to display the temperature of the lithium battery, and stopping charging the lithium battery.
47. The circuit of claim 23, wherein the at least one lithium battery is present.
48. A charger, comprising:
a power output interface, a signal interface, and the circuit of any one of claims 23-47;
the circuit is electrically connected to the power output interface and the signal interface respectively, the power output interface is used for outputting a charging signal, and the signal interface is used for acquiring charging information of the lithium battery.
49. A smart battery, comprising:
a battery case provided with an accommodation chamber;
the positive terminal and the negative terminal are arranged on the battery shell and are used for being electrically connected with an external circuit;
at least one lithium battery cell accommodated in the accommodating cavity; and the number of the first and second groups,
a control assembly mounted within the receiving cavity, the control assembly comprising the circuit of any one of claims 23-47;
the control assembly is electrically connected with the positive terminal, the negative terminal and the lithium battery cell and used for managing and controlling the state of the lithium battery cell, and the lithium battery cell is charged or discharged through the positive terminal and the negative terminal.
50. A controller for charging a lithium battery, comprising:
one or more processors, working individually or collectively, the processors to:
charging a lithium battery to be charged according to a first preset current;
acquiring the negative voltage of the lithium battery;
determining whether the negative voltage meets a first preset condition or not according to the negative voltage;
if the negative voltage meets the first preset condition, controlling the lithium battery to discharge according to a second preset current until the negative voltage meets the second preset condition, wherein the second preset current is not greater than the first preset current;
and repeating the steps.
51. A movable platform, comprising:
one or more motive devices configured to effect movement of the movable platform; and the number of the first and second groups,
the circuit of any of claims 23-47, the circuit configured to control charging of the movable platform.
CN201880068446.4A 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Method for charging lithium battery and related device Pending CN111279573A (en)

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