CN111276819B - Beam forming method for Beidou three-number mechanical power-up phased array antenna - Google Patents

Beam forming method for Beidou three-number mechanical power-up phased array antenna Download PDF

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CN111276819B
CN111276819B CN202010108966.2A CN202010108966A CN111276819B CN 111276819 B CN111276819 B CN 111276819B CN 202010108966 A CN202010108966 A CN 202010108966A CN 111276819 B CN111276819 B CN 111276819B
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phased array
airspace
degrees
array antenna
channel
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CN111276819A (en
Inventor
洪宇
杨俊武
秦明暖
张垚
王东升
申建华
谌钊
杨再秀
郑晓东
张峰
付树洪
张卓
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China Xian Satellite Control Center
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • H01Q3/04—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters

Abstract

The invention discloses a beam forming method for a Beidou three-number mechanical power-on scanning phased array antenna, which specifically comprises the following stepsThe method comprises the following steps: step 1, dividing a full airspace; step 2, comparing the current region of the satellite with the airspace segmented in the step 1, and determining the airspace position of the satellite; step 3, controlling a mechanical scanning control rod to drive a mechanical turntable plane offset angle delta, and enabling the electric scanning phased array antenna to point to the airspace direction determined in the step 2; step 4, calculating the weight variable quantity of the mechanical scanning channel introduced by the offset of the mechanical scanning control rod
Figure DDA0002834824050000011
Step 5, generating electric scanning space domain phased array channel weight by phased array antenna beam forming method
Figure DDA0002834824050000012
Step 6, according to the weight variable quantity of the mechanical scanning channel obtained in the step 4
Figure DDA0002834824050000013
And step 5, the obtained electric scanning space domain phased array channel weight
Figure DDA0002834824050000014
Calculating the final phased array channel weight
Figure DDA0002834824050000015
The invention can realize the wave beam forming of the phased array antenna in the full airspace.

Description

Beam forming method for Beidou three-number mechanical power-up phased array antenna
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of phased array antenna beam forming, and relates to a beam forming method for a Beidou No. three mechanically-powered phased array antenna.
Background
The phased array antenna has the advantages of flexible beam pointing, high beam switching speed, capability of realizing multi-beam target tracking and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of satellite communication, radar detection, satellite navigation and the like. Because the phased array antenna is limited by technical conditions, the coverage area of an electric scanning airspace is small, and formed beams cannot meet the tracking requirements of low-elevation and high-elevation targets at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a beam forming method for a Beidou No. three mechanically-powered phased array antenna.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a beam forming method for a Beidou No. three mechanical power-on scanning phased array antenna specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, dividing a full airspace;
step 2, comparing the current region of the satellite with the airspace segmented in the step 1, and determining the airspace position of the satellite;
step 3, controlling a mechanical scanning control rod to drive a mechanical turntable plane offset angle delta, and enabling the electric scanning phased array antenna to point to the airspace direction determined in the step 2;
step 4, calculating the weight variable quantity of the mechanical scanning channel introduced by the offset of the mechanical scanning control rod
Figure GDA0002834824040000021
Step 5, generating electric scanning space domain phased array channel weight by phased array antenna beam forming method
Figure GDA0002834824040000022
Step 6, according to the weight variable quantity of the mechanical scanning channel obtained in the step 4
Figure GDA0002834824040000023
And step 5, the obtained electric scanning space domain phased array channel weight
Figure GDA0002834824040000024
Calculating the final phased array channel weight
Figure GDA0002834824040000025
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the specific steps of the step 1 are as follows:
the airspace within the range of more than 5 degrees of elevation angle and 360 degrees of azimuth angle is divided into 4 airspaces which are respectively as follows: n airspace with the elevation angle of more than 5 degrees and the range from the azimuth angle of minus 45 degrees to the azimuth angle of 45 degrees; e airspace with the elevation angle of more than 5 degrees and the range from the azimuth angle of 45 degrees to the azimuth angle of 135 degrees; an S airspace with an elevation angle of more than 5 degrees and an azimuth angle of 135 degrees to 225 degrees; w airspace ranging from above 5 deg. in elevation angle, 225 deg. in azimuth angle to 315 deg. in azimuth angle.
The specific process of step 4 is as follows:
step 4.1, obtaining a space coordinate system consistent with the electric scanning airspace reference through space coordinate transformation by using the offset delta of the mechanical scanning control rod;
step 4.2, based on the transformed space coordinate system obtained in step 4.1, generating the variable quantity of the weight of the mechanical scanning channel by a phased array antenna beam forming method
Figure GDA0002834824040000026
The specific process of the step 4.2 is as follows:
calculating the weight variation of the mechanical scanning channel according to the following formula (1)
Figure GDA0002834824040000027
Figure GDA0002834824040000028
Figure GDA0002834824040000031
Wherein (theta)0,φ0) To point at an angle (θ) relative to the geodetic coordinate system1,φ1) Is the spatial domain pointing angle after segmentation.
The specific process of the step 5 is as follows:
solving the electric scanning space domain phased array channel weight value according to the following formula (3)
Figure GDA0002834824040000032
Figure GDA0002834824040000033
Wherein k is a beam constant of free space; theta, phi is the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the beam direction; x is the number ofn,ynIs the coordinate of the nth channel.
In step 6, the final phased array channel weight is obtained through the following formula (4)
Figure GDA0002834824040000034
Figure GDA0002834824040000035
The invention has the advantages that the full airspace is divided into two action ranges of a mechanical scanning coverage airspace and an electric scanning coverage airspace, and in the electric scanning coverage airspace, the wave beam is formed only by means of the electric scanning of the phased array antenna; and in a mechanical scanning coverage airspace, beam forming is carried out by combining mechanical rotation assistance and electrical scanning. Under the combined action mode of mechanical scanning and electric scanning, the full-airspace phased array antenna beam forming can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array antenna based on mechanical power up scan adopted in a beam forming method for a Beidou No. three mechanically powered up scan phased array antenna according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanically-swept phased array antenna structure with a mechanically-swept turntable in a beam forming method for a Beidou No. three mechanically-swept phased array antenna according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is an electric scanning phased array antenna, 2 is a mechanical turntable plane, and 3 is a mechanical scanning control rod.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a beam forming method for a Beidou three-number mechanical electric scanning phased array antenna, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, dividing a full airspace;
the specific steps of the step 1 are as follows:
the airspace within the range of more than 5 degrees of elevation angle and 360 degrees of azimuth angle is divided into 4 airspaces which are respectively as follows: n airspace with the elevation angle of more than 5 degrees and the range from the azimuth angle of minus 45 degrees to the azimuth angle of 45 degrees; e airspace with the elevation angle of more than 5 degrees and the range from the azimuth angle of 45 degrees to the azimuth angle of 135 degrees; an S airspace with an elevation angle of more than 5 degrees and an azimuth angle of 135 degrees to 225 degrees; w airspace ranging from above 5 deg. in elevation angle, 225 deg. in azimuth angle to 315 deg. in azimuth angle.
Step 2, comparing the current region of the satellite with the airspace segmented in the step 1, and determining the airspace position of the satellite;
step 3, controlling a mechanical scanning control rod 3 to drive a mechanical turntable plane 2 to offset an angle delta, and enabling an electric scanning phased array antenna 1 to point to the airspace azimuth determined in the step 2 (the structure of the mechanical turntable plane 2 before being offset is shown in a figure 1, and the structure of the mechanical turntable plane 2 after being offset by the angle delta is shown in a figure 2);
step 4, calculating the weight variable quantity of the mechanical scanning channel introduced by the offset of the mechanical scanning control rod
Figure GDA0002834824040000041
The specific process of step 4 is as follows:
step 4.1, obtaining a space coordinate system consistent with the electric scanning airspace reference through space coordinate transformation by using the offset delta of the mechanical scanning control rod;
step 4.2, based on the transformed space coordinate system obtained in step 4.1, generating the variable quantity of the weight of the mechanical scanning channel by a phased array antenna beam forming method
Figure GDA0002834824040000051
The specific process of the step 4.2 is as follows:
calculating the weight variation of the mechanical scanning channel according to the following formula (1)
Figure GDA0002834824040000052
Figure GDA0002834824040000053
Figure GDA0002834824040000054
Wherein (theta)0,φ0) To point at an angle (θ) relative to the geodetic coordinate system1,φ1) Delta is the offset of the mechanical turntable plane 2 for the post-segmentation airspace pointing angle.
Step 5, generating electric scanning space domain phased array channel weight by phased array antenna beam forming method
Figure GDA0002834824040000055
The specific process of the step 5 is as follows:
solving the electric scanning space domain phased array channel weight value according to the following formula (3)
Figure GDA0002834824040000056
Figure GDA0002834824040000057
Wherein k is a beam constant of free space; theta, phi is the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the beam direction; x is the number ofn,ynIs the coordinate of the nth channel.
Step 6, according to the weight variable quantity of the mechanical scanning channel obtained in the step 4
Figure GDA0002834824040000058
And step 5, the obtained electric scanning space domain phased array channel weight
Figure GDA0002834824040000059
Calculating the final phased array channel weight
Figure GDA00028348240400000510
In step 6, the final phased array channel weight is obtained through the following formula (4)
Figure GDA00028348240400000511
Figure GDA0002834824040000061

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides a beam forming method towards big dipper No. three machinery adds electric phased array antenna that sweeps, its characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, dividing a full airspace;
step 2, comparing the current region of the satellite with the airspace segmented in the step 1, and determining the airspace position of the satellite;
step 3, controlling a mechanical scanning control rod to drive a mechanical turntable plane offset angle delta, and enabling the electric scanning phased array antenna to point to the airspace direction determined in the step 2;
step 4, calculating the weight variable quantity of the mechanical scanning channel introduced by the offset of the mechanical scanning control rod
Figure FDA0002834824030000011
The specific process of the step 4 is as follows:
step 4.1, obtaining a space coordinate system consistent with the electric scanning airspace reference through space coordinate transformation by using the offset delta of the mechanical scanning control rod;
step 4.2, based on the transformed space coordinate system obtained in step 4.1, generating the variable quantity of the weight of the mechanical scanning channel by a phased array antenna beam forming method
Figure FDA0002834824030000012
The specific process of the step 4.2 is as follows:
calculating the weight variation of the mechanical scanning channel according to the following formula (1)
Figure FDA0002834824030000013
Figure FDA0002834824030000014
Figure FDA0002834824030000015
Wherein (theta)0,φ0) To point at an angle (θ) relative to the geodetic coordinate system1,φ1) Into a post-segmentation space domainA pointing angle;
step 5, generating electric scanning space domain phased array channel weight by phased array antenna beam forming method
Figure FDA0002834824030000021
The specific process of the step 5 is as follows:
solving the electric scanning space domain phased array channel weight value according to the following formula (3)
Figure FDA0002834824030000022
Figure FDA0002834824030000023
Wherein k is a beam constant of free space; theta, phi is the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the beam direction; x is the number ofn,ynIs the coordinate of the nth channel;
step 6, according to the weight variable quantity of the mechanical scanning channel obtained in the step 4
Figure FDA0002834824030000024
And step 5, the obtained electric scanning space domain phased array channel weight
Figure FDA0002834824030000025
Calculating the final phased array channel weight
Figure FDA0002834824030000026
In the step 6, the final phased array channel weight is obtained through the following formula (4)
Figure FDA0002834824030000027
Figure FDA0002834824030000028
2. The beam forming method for the Beidou three-dimensional mechanically-powered phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific steps of the step 1 are as follows:
the airspace within the range of more than 5 degrees of elevation angle and 360 degrees of azimuth angle is divided into 4 airspaces which are respectively as follows: n airspace with the elevation angle of more than 5 degrees and the range from the azimuth angle of minus 45 degrees to the azimuth angle of 45 degrees; e airspace with the elevation angle of more than 5 degrees and the range from the azimuth angle of 45 degrees to the azimuth angle of 135 degrees; an S airspace with an elevation angle of more than 5 degrees and an azimuth angle of 135 degrees to 225 degrees; w airspace ranging from above 5 deg. in elevation angle, 225 deg. in azimuth angle to 315 deg. in azimuth angle.
CN202010108966.2A 2020-02-21 2020-02-21 Beam forming method for Beidou three-number mechanical power-up phased array antenna Expired - Fee Related CN111276819B (en)

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