CN111275936B - Underwater oilfield facility safety protection monitoring system and method thereof - Google Patents
Underwater oilfield facility safety protection monitoring system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111275936B CN111275936B CN202010054408.2A CN202010054408A CN111275936B CN 111275936 B CN111275936 B CN 111275936B CN 202010054408 A CN202010054408 A CN 202010054408A CN 111275936 B CN111275936 B CN 111275936B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/182—Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/187—Machine fault alarms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B11/00—Transmission systems employing sonic, ultrasonic or infrasonic waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
- H04B13/02—Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the earth or a large mass of water thereon, e.g. earth telegraphy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/04—Processing captured monitoring data, e.g. for logfile generation
- H04L43/045—Processing captured monitoring data, e.g. for logfile generation for graphical visualisation of monitoring data
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
Abstract
The invention provides a safety protection monitoring system and a method thereof for an underwater oilfield facility, wherein the monitoring system comprises a safety protection monitoring subsystem, a risk assessment early warning subsystem and a data processing terminal, the safety protection monitoring subsystem monitors the loss condition of the underwater oilfield facility in real time, and the safety protection monitoring subsystem transmits monitoring data to the risk assessment early warning subsystem, the risk assessment early warning subsystem compares and analyzes the monitoring data and then sends abnormal data to the data processing terminal, the data processing terminal converts the abnormal data into digital display signals and outputs the digital display signals to a display terminal, the underwater oil field is monitored in real time through the safety protection monitoring subsystem, corresponding data are obtained, and further, the timing inspection work of operators is replaced, and the working strength of the operators is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater monitoring, in particular to a safety protection monitoring system and a safety protection monitoring method for underwater oilfield facilities.
Background
It is oil field development industry development trend to develop the oil field in the deep sea, and pipeline and the equipment of laying in the deep sea are owing to can not audio-visually inspect and overhaul, lead to equipment and pipeline under water to patrol and examine regularly, bring very big working strength for the staff, simultaneously, regularly patrol and examine and can not timely discovery equipment unusual, when the equipment in oil field takes place unusually promptly under water, operating personnel can not in time know, consequently, the real-time detection system to equipment operation safety under water needs development and comes into use urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an underwater oil field facility safety protection monitoring system capable of detecting the running state of underwater equipment in real time, which comprises the following steps:
the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides an oil field facility safety protection monitoring system under water, oil field facility includes pit shaft, wellhead pipe, submarine pipeline, riser and oil gas water treatment facilities under water, monitoring system includes safety protection monitoring subsystem, risk assessment early warning subsystem and data processing terminal, the loss condition of safety protection monitoring subsystem real-time supervision oil field facility under water to put in order out relevant monitoring data, safety protection monitoring subsystem with monitoring data send to in the risk assessment early warning subsystem, right in the risk assessment early warning subsystem compare analysis after with unusual data send to on the data processing terminal, the data processing terminal will unusual data trun into digital display signal output to on the display terminal.
Further, the safety protection monitoring subsystem includes interior corrosion monitoring module and outer corrosion monitoring module, interior corrosion monitoring module with outer corrosion monitoring module all sets up the wellhead pipe and on the seabed pipeline, also install on the pit shaft interior corrosion monitoring module, interior corrosion monitoring module and outer corrosion monitoring module carries out real-time supervision to the inside and outside lateral wall of oil field facility under water by the corruption condition.
Further, the safety protection monitoring subsystem includes load deformation monitoring module and leakage monitoring module, load deformation monitoring module and leakage monitoring module all right whether the gap takes place for the lateral wall of oil field facility under water carries out real-time supervision, load deformation monitoring module with leakage monitoring module all installs on the riser, leakage monitoring module still install extremely well head pipe and on the seabed pipeline.
Further, the leakage monitoring module still includes the sonar device that corresponds the oil field facility rotation sets up under water, the sonar device is to the liquid composition around the oil field facility under water carries out the analysis.
Furthermore, the safety protection monitoring subsystem comprises a displacement monitoring module, the displacement monitoring module is used for monitoring the position change of the underwater oil field facility in real time, and the displacement monitoring module is arranged on the submarine pipeline.
Furthermore, the displacement monitoring module comprises a fiber grating sensor which is arranged corresponding to the underwater oilfield facility, the sensing end of the fiber grating sensor is fixedly arranged on the underwater oilfield facility, and the contact end of the fiber grating sensor is far away from the sensing end.
Further, safety protection monitoring subsystem includes anticollision monitoring module and environmental monitoring module, environmental monitoring module install extremely the wellhead pipe and on the oil gas water treatment facilities, environmental monitoring module can be targeted monitoring the meteorological condition around the oil field facility under water, the deformation degree of buffer layer in the oil field facility under water of anticollision monitoring module real-time supervision, anticollision monitoring module installs on the riser.
Further, the buffer layer cover is established on the facility outer wall, the protective layer of making by rubber or sponge, the anticollision monitoring module is right the deformation degree real-time supervision of protective layer.
Furthermore, the risk assessment early warning subsystem includes receiving equipment, analytical equipment and communications facilities, the receiving equipment integration is kept in the real-time monitoring data of safety protection monitoring subsystem temporarily, analytical equipment is right the monitoring data among the receiving equipment carries out comparative analysis, communications facilities can with unusual data transfer extremely on the data processing terminal.
A safety protection monitoring method for an underwater oilfield facility is applied to any one of the safety protection monitoring systems for the underwater oilfield facility, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, using a safety protection monitoring subsystem to monitor underwater oilfield facilities in real time and collecting monitoring data;
step 2, using a risk assessment early warning subsystem to temporarily store and analyze the monitoring data in the step 1, selecting abnormal data and sending the abnormal data to a data processing terminal;
and 3, performing signal conversion on the abnormal data by using the data processing terminal, and transmitting the abnormal data to monitoring personnel in a visual form.
The underwater oil field monitoring system has the advantages that the underwater oil field is monitored in real time through the safety protection monitoring subsystem, loss conditions of facilities of the underwater oil field can be timely converted into monitoring data to be reflected to the risk assessment early warning analysis system, the monitoring data can be compared and analyzed in the risk assessment early warning analysis system, abnormal data obtained through comparison and analysis are sent to the data processing terminal, operators can judge positions with abnormal conditions in the underwater oil field according to the abnormal conditions, the underwater oil field can be monitored in real time through the safety protection monitoring subsystem, the monitoring data can be compared and analyzed through the risk assessment early warning system, the process of collecting and analyzing the data can replace the work of regular inspection of the workers, the working intensity of the workers is reduced, and meanwhile the timeliness of finding the abnormal conditions can be improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a topological diagram of the safety protection monitoring system for underwater oilfield facilities according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method of the subsea field facility security monitoring system of the present invention;
in the figure:
Internal corrosion monitoring module 111 and external corrosion monitoring module 112 displacement monitoring module 113
Load/deformation monitoring module 114 collision avoidance monitoring module 115 leak monitoring module 116
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. On the contrary, the embodiments of the invention include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a safety protection monitoring system for an underwater oilfield facility, which is used for monitoring the operation state of the underwater oilfield in real time, and the detection system comprises a safety protection monitoring subsystem 101, a risk assessment early warning subsystem 102 and a data processing terminal 103.
The safety protection monitoring subsystem 101 carries out real-time monitoring on facilities of the underwater oil field, monitoring data are transmitted to the risk assessment early warning subsystem 102, abnormal data are selected to be output to the data processing terminal 103 after being compared by the risk assessment early warning subsystem 102, the abnormal data are processed by the data processing terminal 103 and then are converted into digital display signals to be output to a screen, and reference is provided for detection personnel to detect the facilities of the underwater oil field. Because the monitoring process of the underwater oil field facility by the safety protection detection subsystem is carried out in real time, and data is uploaded to the risk assessment early warning subsystem 102 in real time, the abnormity of the underwater oil field facility can be timely found, the timing inspection of workers is replaced, and the working intensity of the workers is reduced.
Specifically, safety protection monitoring subsystem 101 is installed on the facility in the oil field under water, and the facility in oil field under water includes pit shaft, wellhead pipe, riser, submarine pipeline and offshore oil gas water treatment facilities, safety protection monitoring subsystem 101 includes interior corrosion monitoring module 111, outer corrosion monitoring module 112, displacement monitoring module 113, load/deformation monitoring module 114, anticollision monitoring module 115, leakage monitoring module 116 and environment monitoring module 117, and interior corrosion monitoring module 111, outer corrosion monitoring module 112, displacement monitoring module 113, load/deformation monitoring module 114, anticollision monitoring module 115, leakage monitoring module 116 and environment monitoring module 117 set up in the sea, therefore all adopt operating pressure 0 ~ 35MPa, operating temperature scope-30 ~ 120 ℃'s equipment in above-mentioned preparation. Preferably, corrosion monitoring module 111 in the installation in the pit shaft, corrosion monitoring module 111, outer corrosion monitoring module 112, leakage monitoring module 116 and environmental monitoring module 117 in the installation in the wellhead pipe, corrosion monitoring module 111, outer corrosion monitoring module 112, displacement monitoring module 113 and leakage monitoring module 116 in the installation on the seabed pipeline, installation load/deformation monitoring module 114, anticollision monitoring module 115, leakage monitoring module 116 and environmental monitoring module 117 on the riser, installation environmental monitoring module 117 on the oil gas water treatment equipment.
More specifically, the internal corrosion monitoring module 111 is installed on the inner wall of the underwater oilfield facility of the pipeline type of the underwater oilfield, the internal corrosion monitoring module 111 may employ a resistance probe technology, an inductance probe technology, a linear polarization probe technology, an ultrasonic thickness measurement technology, or a full circumferential corrosion monitoring technology, the ultrasonic thickness measurement technology is preferably selected in this embodiment, the wall thickness change value of the outer wall of the shaft is detected through ultrasonic scanning, the detection area is divided along the axial direction of the shaft, and the concave-convex degree of the surface of the inner wall of the shaft can be determined through the ultrasonic return time.
More specifically, the external and external corrosion monitoring module 112 is installed on the outer wall of the underwater oilfield facility of the pipeline type of the underwater oilfield, the external corrosion monitoring module 112 may employ a resistance probe technology, or may employ a cathodic protection on-line monitoring technology, in this embodiment, a resistance probe technology is preferred, at least two conductive probes are provided, one of the conductive probes is fixed on the outer wall of the underwater oilfield facility and continuously emits current to the outer wall of the underwater oilfield facility, the probe corresponding to the fixed probe moves along the axial direction of the underwater oilfield facility, the movable probe receives the current of the fixed probe at any time, the resistance of the outer wall of the underwater oilfield facility is determined according to the current consumption, and the resistance can be combined with the distance between the two probes to reversely calculate the wall thickness of the side wall between the two probes.
The displacement monitoring module 113, the load/deformation monitoring module 114, the anti-collision monitoring module 115 and the leakage monitoring module 116 are arranged on the outer side wall of a pipeline type underwater oilfield facility of an underwater oilfield, the displacement monitoring module 113 can monitor the position of the pipeline type underwater oilfield facility in real time, preferably, the displacement monitoring module 113 is composed of a plurality of fiber grating sensors, the model of the fiber grating sensors is OSC3100, the fiber grating sensors are uniformly arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the underwater oilfield facility, the sensing ends of the fiber grating sensors are fixedly arranged on the underwater oilfield facility, the contact ends of the fiber grating sensors are arranged far away from the sensing ends along the radial direction of the underwater oilfield facility, when the underwater oilfield facility displaces at the water bottom, the distance between the induction end and the contact end changes, and the deformation quantity generated by the optical fiber between the two ends, namely the change quantity, is the set displacement quantity. The load/deformation monitoring module 114 can monitor the cross-sectional shape of the underwater oilfield facility in real time, the load/deformation monitoring module 114 includes a pressure sensor attached to the side wall of the underwater oilfield facility, and the type of the pressure sensor is: PT 124G-214, pressure sensor's monitoring end alternates to in the lateral wall of underwater oil field facility, and pressure sensor's sense terminal can carry out real-time supervision to the pressure-bearing condition of underwater oil field facility inner wall, and then can judge whether the medium in the underwater oil field facility piles up. The anti-collision monitoring module 115 adopts the anti-collision monitoring technology, specifically sets up corresponding buffer layer for on the lateral wall of oil field facility under water, and the buffer layer can be the sponge constitutes, also can be rubber constitutes, and preferred rubber in this embodiment, anti-collision detection module is including installing the pressure sensor between pipeline outer wall and buffer layer, pressure sensor and the model of the pressure sensor among the load/deformation monitoring module 114 are the same, pressure sensor carries out real-time supervision to the deformation degree of buffer layer, and then can judge whether oil field facility receives the striking of submarine biology under water.
The leakage monitoring module 116 includes the sonar device that can remove relative underwater oil field facility, the relative underwater oil field facility's of sonar device removal process does, the sonar device at first rotates around the outer wall of underwater oil field facility, after rotating the round, along the axial displacement of underwater oil field facility, follow the axial of underwater oil field facility promptly and monitor the outer liquid composition of underwater oil field facility, according to the passback time judgement sound wave among the sonar device to the penetration time of moisture, thereby can judge that whether the liquid constitution around the underwater oil field facility changes.
More specifically, the environment monitoring module 117 is disposed on the sidewall of the oil-gas-water treatment device and the riser extending out of the water surface in the underwater oil field, and the environment detection module can detect the environmental factors such as atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind speed, wind direction, visibility, wave height, wave direction and the like around the underwater oil field facility in real time.
The risk assessment early warning subsystem 102 comprises a receiving device 121, an analyzing device 122 and a communication device 123 which are arranged on the water. The internal corrosion monitoring module 111, the external corrosion monitoring module 112, the displacement monitoring module 113, the load/deformation monitoring module 114, the collision avoidance monitoring module 115, the leakage monitoring module 116, and the environment monitoring module 117 are all electrically connected to the receiving device 121, the receiving device 121 can receive the electrical signal transmitted from the safety protection detection subsystem, all the electric signals are converted into monitoring data to be stored temporarily, the analyzing device 122 can set corresponding threshold values for various monitoring data, the analyzing device 122 compares the temporarily stored monitoring data with the threshold values, when the monitoring data is within the threshold, the monitoring data temporarily stored in the receiving device 121 is deleted, and when the monitoring data exceeds the threshold, namely, the abnormal data is determined and sent to the communication equipment 123, the communication equipment 123 sends the abnormal data to the data processing terminal 103, and the data terminal converts the received electric signal into a digital display signal and displays the digital display signal on the display equipment.
Specifically, the receiving device 121 includes a processor and a server, the detection signal is translated into a data signal by the processor, and the data signal is temporarily stored in the server, the analyzing device 122 may be a computer or a single chip microcomputer, in this embodiment, a computer is preferred, and corresponding comparison and analysis software is installed in the computer, and the comparison and analysis software can compare the threshold value and the monitoring data, and send the abnormal data to the data terminal, and the specific comparison process in this embodiment is not described in detail in this embodiment.
The data processing terminal 103 is also preferably a computer, and the data processing terminal 103 receives the abnormal data and converts the abnormal data into a data signal to be displayed for an operator to check.
As shown in fig. 2, the application method of the safety protection monitoring system for an underwater oilfield facility comprises the following steps:
step 1, a safety protection monitoring subsystem 101 is used for monitoring underwater oilfield facilities in real time and collecting monitoring data;
specifically, the inner corrosion monitoring module 111 judges the concave-convex degree of the surface of the inner wall of the shaft through the return time of ultrasonic waves, the outer corrosion monitoring module 112 carries out real-time monitoring on the wall thickness of the pipeline type underwater oilfield facility, the displacement detection module carries out real-time detection on the position of the underwater facility, the load/deformation monitoring module 114 carries out real-time detection on the pressure-bearing degree of the inner wall of the underwater oilfield facility, the anti-collision monitoring module 115 detects the deformation degree of a buffer layer, and the leakage monitoring module 116 detects whether a leakage gap exists in the side wall of the underwater oilfield facility.
Step 2, using the risk assessment early warning subsystem 102 to temporarily store and analyze the monitoring data of the pipeline type underwater oilfield facility outer side wall concave-convex degree, the underwater oilfield facility wall thickness, the position of the underwater facility, the pressure bearing degree of the underwater oilfield facility inner wall, the deformation degree of the buffer layer, the position of the leakage gap and the like collected in the step 1, and specifically comprising the following steps:
the receiving device 121 is used for temporarily storing the monitoring data in a classified manner, the analyzing device 122 is used for performing targeted comparison analysis on the monitoring data, and if abnormal data occur, the abnormal data are sent to the data processing terminal 103 through the communication device 123.
And 3, converting the data received in the step 2 into readable signals by the data processing terminal 103 to be reflected to monitoring personnel, and maintaining the underwater oil field facilities by the monitoring personnel according to the abnormal data.
The technical effects of the embodiment are as follows: the underwater oil field facility is detected in real time through the safety protection detection subsystem, so that the whole facility can be monitored in real time, the interval patrol of monitoring personnel on the underwater oil field facility is replaced, the working strength of operators is reduced, the underwater oil field facility can be abnormally and timely reflected to a terminal through the real-time monitoring, and the situation that the operators cannot find the underwater oil field facility in time after the abnormality occurs can be avoided.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an underwater oil field facility safety protection monitoring system, underwater oil field facility includes pit shaft, wellhead pipe, submarine pipeline, riser and oil gas water treatment facilities, its characterized in that: the monitoring system comprises a safety protection monitoring subsystem, a risk assessment early warning subsystem and a data processing terminal;
the safety protection monitoring subsystem monitors the loss condition of the underwater oilfield facility in real time and arranges related monitoring data, and the safety protection monitoring subsystem sends the monitoring data to the risk assessment early warning subsystem;
the risk assessment early warning subsystem compares and analyzes the monitoring data and then sends abnormal data to the data processing terminal; the risk assessment early warning subsystem comprises receiving equipment, analysis equipment and communication equipment, wherein the receiving equipment receives the electric signals transmitted in the safety protection detection subsystem and converts all the electric signals into monitoring data for temporary storage; the analysis equipment can set corresponding threshold values for various monitoring data, compare the temporarily stored monitoring data with the preset threshold values, delete the temporarily stored monitoring data when the monitoring data are within the threshold values, judge the monitoring data as abnormal data when the monitoring data exceed the threshold values, send the abnormal data to the communication equipment, and send the abnormal data to the data processing terminal;
the data processing terminal converts the abnormal data into digital display signals and outputs the digital display signals to a display terminal;
the safety protection monitoring subsystem comprises a load/deformation monitoring module and a leakage monitoring module, the load/deformation monitoring module detects the pressure bearing degree of the inner wall of the underwater oil field facility in real time, the leakage monitoring module monitors whether a gap occurs on the side wall of the underwater oil field facility in real time, the load/deformation monitoring module and the leakage monitoring module are both installed on the vertical pipe, and the leakage monitoring module is also installed on the wellhead pipe and the seabed pipeline; the detection end of the load/deformation monitoring module is inserted into the side wall of the underwater oil field facility, and the pressure-bearing condition of the inner wall of the underwater oil field facility is monitored in real time;
the leakage monitoring module also comprises a sonar device which is rotationally arranged corresponding to the underwater oilfield facility, the sonar device can move relative to the underwater oilfield facility, the sonar device firstly rotates around the outer wall of the underwater oilfield facility and moves along the axial direction of the underwater oilfield facility after rotating for a circle, the liquid components outside the underwater oilfield facility are monitored along the axial direction of the underwater oilfield facility, the penetration time of the sound waves to the water is judged according to the return time of the sound waves in the sonar device, and the liquid components around the underwater oilfield facility are analyzed, so that whether the liquid components around the underwater oilfield facility change is judged.
2. The underwater oilfield facility safety protection monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the safety protection monitoring subsystem includes internal corrosion monitoring module and outer corrosion monitoring module, internal corrosion monitoring module with outer corrosion monitoring module all sets up the wellhead pipe and on the seabed pipeline, also install on the pit shaft internal corrosion monitoring module, internal corrosion monitoring module and outer corrosion monitoring module carries out real-time supervision to the inside and outside lateral wall of oil field facility under water by the corruption condition.
3. The underwater oilfield facility safety protection monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the safety protection monitoring subsystem comprises a displacement monitoring module, the displacement monitoring module is used for monitoring the position change of the underwater oil field facility in real time, and the displacement monitoring module is arranged on the submarine pipeline.
4. The underwater oilfield facility safety protection monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: the displacement monitoring module comprises a fiber grating sensor which corresponds to the underwater oilfield facility, the sensing end of the fiber grating sensor is fixedly installed on the underwater oilfield facility, and the contact end of the fiber grating sensor is far away from the sensing end.
5. The underwater oilfield facility safety protection monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the safety protection monitoring subsystem comprises an anti-collision monitoring module and an environment monitoring module, the environment monitoring module is installed on the wellhead pipe and the oil-gas-water treatment equipment, the environment monitoring module can monitor meteorological conditions around the underwater oilfield facility in a targeted manner, the anti-collision monitoring module monitors the deformation degree of a buffer layer in the underwater oilfield facility in real time, and the anti-collision monitoring module is installed on the vertical pipe; the buffer layer cover is established on the facility outer wall, the protective layer of making by rubber or sponge, it is right that anticollision monitoring module is right the deformation degree real-time supervision of protective layer.
6. A safety protection monitoring method for an underwater oilfield facility is applied to the safety protection monitoring system for the underwater oilfield facility as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, using a safety protection monitoring subsystem to monitor underwater oilfield facilities in real time and collecting monitoring data;
step 2, using a risk assessment early warning subsystem to temporarily store and analyze the monitoring data in the step 1, picking out abnormal data and sending the abnormal data to a data processing terminal;
and 3, using the data processing terminal to convert the abnormal data into signals, and transmitting the signals to monitoring personnel in a visual mode.
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| US9299238B1 (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-03-29 | Invoy Technologies, Llc | Ketone measurement system capable of detecting and notifying a user of proper insertion of detachable components |
| CN106151887A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-23 | 北京华科合创科技发展有限公司 | A kind of gas oil pipe leakage comprehensive monitor system |
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