CN111274711A - Simulation method of 220V on-load disconnection cable - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation method of a 220V loaded disconnection cable, which comprises the steps of establishing a loaded disconnection cable model in an ATP-EMTP simulation platform, obtaining the size and the waveform of an arc current through the model simulation, describing the interaction between the arc current and a circuit in the loaded disconnection process by using an arc black box model in the model, and researching the dynamic electrical characteristics of an arc. The arc model obtains a mathematical model suitable for the arc by performing curve fitting on experimental data, and can well simulate the whole process of arc generation in the actual load operation process. The static characteristic of the arc during stable combustion can be reflected, the dynamic performance of the arc during breakdown or extinction can be reflected, and the direct guidance effect is provided for solving the problem that the arc is easy to generate a fracture when the cable is disconnected under a load in actual production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of simulation modeling of an on-load disconnection cable, and particularly relates to a simulation method of a 220V on-load disconnection cable.
Background
The live working refers to an operation method for overhauling and testing high-voltage electrical equipment without power failure, can avoid power failure caused by overhauling, and is an effective measure for ensuring normal power supply and improving power supply reliability. The objects to be worked by live-wire work include electric equipment of power plants and substations, overhead transmission lines and auxiliary equipment, and distribution lines and auxiliary distribution equipment. At present, no load is required at the tail end of a line in relevant regulations related to hot-line work, which causes inconvenience to normal power utilization of users, so that the transient process research of the hot-line work of a low-voltage distribution network is needed. When the on-load disconnection operation is carried out, because the capacitance current of a circuit and a load is large, electric arcs are easily generated when the switch is disconnected, the life safety of operators is threatened, the safety of a system and power equipment is endangered, and huge economic loss is brought.
The electric arc needs to be modeled in the process of disconnecting the cable with the load, and the traditional electric arc model (Cassie model, Mayr model, Schward model and cybernetics model) makes some assumptions on the electric arc combustion process based on the arc gap energy balance theory, so that the electric arc has the application range and cannot accurately describe the whole process from the pre-breakdown stage to the stable combustion stage to the arc extinction stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a simulation method for 220V loaded disconnection cables, and solves the defect that the traditional arc model is not completely suitable for the transient process of actual loaded operation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a simulation method of a 220V loaded disconnect cable comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a loaded disconnection cable model in an ATP-EMTP simulation platform, and simulating to obtain the size and the waveform of the arc current through the loaded disconnection cable model;
and S2, describing the interaction between the arc current and the circuit in the process of load disconnection by using an arc black box model in the load disconnection cable model, and acquiring the dynamic electrical characteristics of the arc.
The arc black box model deduces a special arc mathematical model of the experiment by carrying out curve fitting on experimental data by using experimental voltage and current curves, and can well simulate the electrical performance of the whole process of actual arc generation. The static characteristic of the arc during stable combustion can be reflected, the dynamic performance of the arc during breakdown or extinction can be reflected, and the direct guidance effect is provided for the fracture arc and arc light fault grounding problem which is easily generated during load cut-off operation. The method overcomes the defect that the traditional arc model is not completely suitable for the actual arc generation process, provides a theoretical basis for the low-voltage distribution network belt load operation technology and provides theoretical guidance for the actual on-load disconnection cable operation.
A loaded disconnection cable model is established in an ATP-EMTP simulation platform, the size and the waveform of arc current are obtained through simulation of the model, the interaction between the arc current and a circuit in the loaded disconnection process is described in the model by using an arc black box model, and the dynamic electrical characteristics of the arc are researched. The arc model obtains a mathematical model suitable for the arc by performing curve fitting on experimental data, and can well simulate the whole process of arc generation in the actual load operation process. The static characteristic of the arc during stable combustion can be reflected, the dynamic performance of the arc during breakdown or extinction can be reflected, and the direct guidance effect is provided for solving the problem that the arc is easy to generate a fracture when the cable is disconnected under a load in actual production.
Preferably, the loaded disconnection cable model consists of a power module, an arc module, a cable module and a load module, wherein the power module consists of an alternating current power supply and a power supply equivalent internal resistance; the cable module is an LCC module with built-in software; the load module is an RLC equivalent load; the arc module adopts an arc black box model, describes the interaction between the cut-off arc and the circuit in the process of cutting off the load, and the mathematical derivation is as follows:
according to the basic principle of the arc black box model, the arc voltage is expressed by the following non-linear expression:
wherein, Ua0(t) and iaIs that the arc length is constant L0The values of the arc voltage and the arc current.
Ua、Ub、I0、RδAnd ζ are both parameters defining the arc voltage waveform. In (2), sgn is a sign function (when x>When 0, sgn (x) 1; when x is<At 0, sgn (x) -1). ζ is zero mean gaussian noise. U shapeaIs the arc voltage gradient EaAnd arc length LaThe product of (a). Component UbI0(t)/ib(t) represents the burning voltage of the arc, component Rδ|ib(t) | is represented by iaThe quasi-linear part of the decision. RδOnly a fraction of the arc resistance, the value of which is mainly composed of UaThe value of (c) is determined.
The arc elongation is not taken into account in the arc model of equation (1) and can be achieved by multiplying by a suitable function l (t). The expression of L (t) is:
L(t)＝L0(1+ΔL(t-Ti)h(t-Ti)) (3)
ΔL(t-Ti) Indicating the amount of change in arc length, TiIs the start time of the arc, h (T) is the Hervesaide function (sign function), and Δ L (T-T)i) And can be represented as:
the simultaneous (3) and (4) have:
using exponential functions to describe the dynamic course of the change in arc length, i.e.
L(t)＝L0[1+AeB(t-Ti)h(t-Ti)](6)
Wherein A and B are parameters determining the amount of change in arc length, and
ΔL(t-Ti)＝AeB(t-Ti)(7)
in summary, the expression of the arc model is
Then connecting the two bodies (7) and (8) to obtain
ua(t)＝ua0(t)[1+AeB(t-Ti)h(t-Ti)](9)
In the formula, the value of A, B is constant and can be calculated by a curve fitting method based on relevant experimental data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, an ATP-EMTP simulation experiment platform is utilized to build a loaded disconnection cable model under the voltage level of 220V, and the size and waveform of the arc current during the disconnection under load can be accurately obtained.
(2) The arc model established by the invention can reflect the static performance during stable combustion and the external dynamic performance in the pre-breakdown and arc-quenching stages, and overcomes the defect that the traditional arc model is not completely suitable for the actual generation process of the arc.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simulation model diagram of a 220V loaded disconnect cable of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an arc structure in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a voltage waveform diagram of the cable side in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the arc voltage in example 1.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the arc current in example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to fig. 1.
A220V loaded disconnection cable simulation model is built in the ATP-EMTP and consists of a power supply module, an arc module, a cable module and a load module. The power supply module consists of an alternating current power supply and power supply equivalent internal resistance; the cable module is an LCC module with built-in software; the load module is an RLC equivalent load; the arc module adopts an arc black box model, as shown in fig. 2, and the specific embodiment is as follows:
the arc voltage is expressed by the following nonlinear equation:
wherein, Ua0(t) and iaIs that the arc length is constant L0Values of arc voltage and arc current
Ua、Ub、I0、RδAnd ζ are both parameters defining the arc voltage waveform. In (2) sgn is a sign function (when x>When 0, sgn (x) 1; when x is<At 0, sgn (x) -1). ζ is zero mean gaussian noise. U shapeaIs the arc voltage gradient EaAnd arc length LaThe product of (a). Component UbI0(t)/ib(t) represents the burning voltage of the arc, component Rδ|ib(t) | is represented by iaDetermined pseudo-lineAnd (4) a sex part. RδOnly a fraction of the arc resistance, the value of which is mainly composed of UaThe value of (c) is determined.
The arc elongation is not taken into account in the arc model of equation (1) and can be achieved by multiplying by a suitable function l (t). The expression of L (t) is:
L(t)＝L0(1+ΔL(t-Ti)h(t-Ti)) (3)
ΔL(t-Ti) Indicating the amount of change in arc length, TiIs the start time of the arc, h (T) is the Hervesaide function (sign function), and Δ L (T-T)i) And can be represented as:
the simultaneous (3) and (4) have:
the invention uses an exponential function to describe the dynamic course of the arc length change, i.e.
L(t)＝L0[1+AeB(t-Ti)h(t-Ti)](6)
Wherein A and B are parameters determining the amount of change in arc length, and
ΔL(t-Ti)＝AeB(t-Ti)(7)
in summary, the expression of the arc model is:
then connecting the vertical type (7) and the vertical type (8) to obtain,
ua(t)＝ua0(t)[1+AeB(t-Ti)h(t-Ti)](9)
the value of A, B is constant and can be calculated by curve fitting method based on the corresponding experimental data. Therefore, when experimental voltage and current data are determined, an accurate and appropriate mathematical model of the arc can be determined by curve fitting the data.
Based on the above derivation, the arc was modeled in ATP-EMTP, see FIG. 2.
Where Rarc is control resistor Type-91R (t); MODELS is a MODELS device for controlling the resistance of Type-91R (t), and the specific procedure of the MODELS device is as follows:
the magnitude and the waveform of the arc current are simulated based on the 220V loaded disconnect cable model provided by the invention.
In fig. 1, the power supply voltage Us is 220V, R1 is 200 Ω, R2 is 1 Ω, L1 is 23.2mH, and R1, R2, and L1 form the equivalent internal resistance of the power supply. Assuming that the circuit breaking time, that is, the arc generation time Tpoen is 0.1s, the arc parameter R δ is 0.015 Ω, a is 0.45, and B is 5.25), the voltage waveform on the cable side is obtained, see fig. 3.
Because the impedance of the cable and the load is far larger than the equivalent impedance of the power supply side, the voltage on the line is approximate to the power supply voltage amplitude 311V before the arc is generated. At the moment of arc generation, transient high-frequency oscillation exists in the voltage on the circuit, and the maximum overvoltage reaches 328V. The damping process then occurs due to the presence of damping in the system, eventually becoming 0.
During the transient state of arc generation, the energy stored in the inductor and capacitor is released, and most of the energy is output to the arc. The frequency of the discharge process is very high, and thus the system will oscillate and cause an overvoltage.
The arc voltage, see fig. 4.
The arc voltage gradually increases from the moment of arc generation at the operating moment, and the fracture voltage rises to exceed the power supply voltage to reach 313V when the arc is extinguished. This is due to the fact that after the arc is extinguished, the stored energy in the inductor and capacitor cannot be released, resulting in a rise in the break voltage, and the arc current is shown in fig. 5.
At the moment of arc generation, the arc current is rapidly increased to about 2A at most. After that, the arc blowout-arc burning process is alternately carried out, and the arc current passes through zero momentarily before and after each arc blowout, so that an obvious zero-break phenomenon exists. This is because the arc path resistance becomes large before and after the zero crossing of the arc, which becomes a factor for limiting the rise of the arc current.
Although terms such as reference numerals in the figures are used more often herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A simulation method of a 220V loaded disconnect cable, comprising:
s1, establishing a loaded disconnection cable model in an ATP-EMTP simulation platform, and simulating to obtain the size and the waveform of the arc current through the loaded disconnection cable model;
and S2, describing the interaction between the arc current and the circuit in the process of load disconnection by using an arc black box model in the load disconnection cable model, and acquiring the dynamic electrical characteristics of the arc.
2. The method for simulating a 220V loaded disconnect cable of claim 1, wherein the loaded disconnect cable model consists of a power module, an arc module, a cable module, and a load module, wherein the power module consists of an ac power source and a power source equivalent internal resistance; the cable module is an LCC module with built-in software; the load module is an RLC equivalent load; the arc module adopts an arc black box model, describes the interaction between the cut-off arc and the circuit in the process of cutting off the load, and the mathematical derivation is as follows:
according to the basic principle of the arc black box model, the arc voltage is expressed by the following non-linear expression:
wherein, Ua0(t) and iaIs that the arc length is constant L0The values of the arc voltage and the arc current,
wherein, Ua、Ub、I0、RδAnd ζ are both parameters defining the arc voltage waveform; sgn is a sign function when x>When 0, sgn (x) 1; when x is<At 0, sgn (x) is-1; zeta is zero mean gaussian noise; u shapeaIs the arc voltage gradient EaAnd arc length LaThe product of (a); component UbI0(t)/ib(t) represents an arc voltage of the arc; component Rδ|ib(t) | is represented by iaA determined quasi-linear portion; rδOnly a fraction of the arc resistance, the value of which is given by UaDetermining the value of (c);
the arc elongation is not considered in the arc model of equation (1), and is achieved by multiplying by a function l (t), where l (t) is expressed as:
L(t)＝L0(1+ΔL(t-Ti)h(t-Ti)) (3)
ΔL(t-Ti) Indicating the amount of change in arc length, TiIs the start time of the arc, h (T) is the Hervesaide function, and Δ L (T-T)i) And can be represented as:
the simultaneous (3) and (4) have:
using exponential functions to describe the dynamic course of the change in arc length, i.e.
L(t)＝L0[1+AeB(t-Ti)h(t-Ti)](6)；
Wherein A and B are parameters determining the amount of change in arc length, and
ΔL(t-Ti)＝AeB(t-Ti)(7)；
in summary, the expression of the arc model is:
then connecting the two bodies (7) and (8) to obtain
ua(t)＝ua0(t)[1+AeB(t-Ti)h(t-Ti)](9)；
And after the experimental voltage and current data are determined, the arc mathematical model is determined by performing curve fitting on the data.
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| CN112290537A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-29 | 云南电网有限责任公司玉溪供电局 | Analysis and simulation method for converting 10kV bus bypass into power supply live working of transformer substation |
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| CN101509950A (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2009-08-19 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Secondary arc analogue simulation apparatus and method for transmission line |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101509950A (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2009-08-19 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Secondary arc analogue simulation apparatus and method for transmission line |
| WO2016082556A1 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-02 | 国家电网公司 | Gis isolation switch high frequency arc resistance model modeling method |
| CN108988330A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-11 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of simulating method for electric power system considering disconnecting switch fracture electric arc |
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| CN112290537A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-29 | 云南电网有限责任公司玉溪供电局 | Analysis and simulation method for converting 10kV bus bypass into power supply live working of transformer substation |
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