CN111274142B

CN111274142B - Software communication system architecture conformance test modeling method based on extended finite state machine

Info

Publication number: CN111274142B
Application number: CN202010063310.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐麒; 伍旭东; 魏急波; 连进; 赵海涛
Original assignee: National University of Defense Technology
Current assignee: National University of Defense Technology
Priority date: 2020-01-20
Filing date: 2020-01-20
Publication date: 2023-04-21
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-20
Also published as: CN111274142A

Abstract

The invention provides a software communication system architecture conformance test modeling method based on an extended finite state machine, which solves the problem that a complete test sequence is difficult to construct only by analyzing the dependency relationship between tests in the prior art. The model provided by the invention can intuitively display the running process of the tested component, analyze the dependency relationship between the requirement tests, guide the construction of the test sequence and provide effective support for test automation. The running flow of the software radio system in the test process can be intuitively displayed, the readability of the test program is improved, the gap of domestic compliance test research on the software communication system architecture is filled, and a good foundation is laid for subsequent test automation research.

Description

Software communication system architecture conformance test modeling method based on extended finite state machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a modeling method based on a software radio (Software Definition Radio, SDR) system compliance test, in particular to a modeling method based on an extended finite state machine (Software Communications Architecture, SCA) software communication system architecture.

Background

SDR technology is a radio communication technology which is very popular at present, and is raised in the 90 s of the last century, and by organically combining software, hardware and radio technologies, the SDR technology forms a system with very strong flexibility and openness. The SDR system relies on a standardized hardware platform to control the underlying hardware by using upper software to implement various waveforms, releasing radio technology from hardware-based radio technology.

To build a standardized, hardware-independent, software framework that is primarily applicable to waveform development and implementation, the standard set of specifications for software radio architecture, the SCA specification, issued by the Joint Tactical Network Center (JTNC) is enforced by the army software radio. The specification is a design specification at the top of the system, which relates to the software, hardware architecture, and upper layer application interfaces of the SDR system. The SCA architecture is divided into 6 layers: bus driver and board level hardware driver layer, network and serial interface service layer, POSIX operating system interface layer, CORBA middleware layer, core Frame (CF) layer, and application layer.

CF is an important component of SCA that contains a set of application programming interfaces, components, and configuration files. Configuration files are mainly written by adopting extensible description language (XML), and are mainly used for describing the structure and functions of components; the interface is defined by adopting an Interface Definition Language (IDL); the component is a carrier of interfaces and configuration files, is associated with one or more configuration files, and has corresponding functions by implementing corresponding interfaces. All components must implement the basic interface defined by the CF so that the CF can access and control in a unified way.

The SCA specification is a top-level framework design specification that specifies only the composition of the core framework and the functions it should have, and does not require specific implementation details. While software radio systems run on a variety of different hardware platforms, there may be many variations in the software products developed by each entity, and thus compliance testing of the software radio system must be performed to verify compliance with the SCA standard. The method aims at guaranteeing the universality and the cross-platform property of waveform software.

The compliance test of the SCA core frame plays a vital role in guaranteeing the quality of a software radio system, the research on the automation aspect of the test of the SCA core frame at home and abroad is relatively vacant at present, a plurality of complex conditions exist in the actual test process, and the main problems faced at present are as follows:

(1) The required tests have a dependency relationship, but the follow-up tests can be influenced by the performance of some tests, and even can not be performed, so that a complete test sequence is difficult to construct by only analyzing the dependency relationship between the tests.

(2) The traditional test method is to manually assign a test sequence, the test efficiency of the method is low, omission is easy to cause, the coverage of the test cannot be well ensured, and the test result may be wrong due to the mutual influence among the tests.

(3) In order to ensure proper operation of an SDR system, some requirements require multiple tests to be performed under a variety of different conditions. How to implement automated construction of test sequences for cyclic testing of certain functions or the whole system is a current challenge.

(4) The lack of a model can intuitively present the whole test process, and when a plurality of errors occur in the system in the test process, the cause of the errors is difficult to analyze and correct.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the problems faced by the SCA core framework compliance test at the present stage, the invention combines the principle of expanding a finite state machine (Extended Finite State Machine, EFSM) to provide a method for constructing a test model based on the SCA core framework compliance test, and the model can intuitively display the operation process of a tested component, analyze the dependency relationship between required tests, guide the construction of a test sequence and provide effective support for test automation.

The EFSM model is a common test model in software testing and is widely applied to modeling of testing of communication protocols, software embedded systems and the like. EFSM consists of one six-tuple, denoted m= < S, S0, V, O, I, T >. Wherein S represents a state set of the EFSM model; s0 represents an initial state of EFSM; v is a variable set in the system; i and O represent input and output sets of the system; t is the set of transitions between states in the system.

In the migration set T, each migration T may be composed of a five-tuple, t= < source (T), target (T), condition (T), event (T), action (T) > represents, source (T) and target (T) represent a source state and a target state of the migration T respectively; condition (t) is a precondition for triggering t migration, and migration cannot be triggered when the precondition is not satisfied, so the condition is often called guard (guard) in the literature; event (t), action (t) represents a t-triggered event and an executed operation, respectively. The condition (t) and the action (t) together form a label of t, and the expression of the label is event [ guard ]/action. It means that in case of a state source (t), the system triggers an event (t) and the current condition satisfies the condition (t), the system will transition from the state source (t) to the state target (t) and perform the action (t) operation.

The construction method of the EFSM model based on the SCA compliance test comprises the following steps:

step one, determining an initial state S0 of the test, and constructing a state set S and a migration set T. In the SCA compliance test, each required test can be abstracted into a small EFSM model, the state existing in the required test is an initial state si, an action state sj is executed, and a test passing state (test end state) sz after the required test is passed; there are transitions ta where si points to sj, transitions tb where sj points to sz, and transitions tc where sj points to si. The process of testing may be described as the system first starting from si, arriving at the execution action state sj via ta, the system executing the test at sj, arriving at the end state via tb from the sj state if the test condition is met and the test is passed, and executing the corresponding operation, returning to si via tc and throwing the exception if the system fails or the test does not meet the condition. Analyzing the testing process of each requirement, and adding the states and migration existing in the testing process of each requirement to S and T respectively;

and step two, constructing a variable set V. The variable set V represents a set of data that needs to be manipulated during the test, and is typically used as a condition for state transition. In the SCA compliance test, there are variables such as the number of connections, the number of loads, the input value of boolean type, and the like. Adding the existence in each demand test process into a variable set V;

thirdly, analyzing the dependency relationship between the demand tests according to the SCA specification, constructing a test dependency tree diagram, wherein the demand test of each node corresponds to an EFSM model;

step four, constructing an EFSM model for SCA compliance test according to the test dependency tree model, the defined state set S, the migration set T and the variable set V:

(1) The different requirements test corresponds to different EFSM models, the same states exist in the models, the same states are used as nodes, the models are connected, and the repeated states existing in S are removed;

(2) Specifying the migration of the initial state s0 to the execution state of the root node in the tree diagram;

(3) In the dependency tree model, the testing of child nodes needs to be performed with the testing of their parent nodes passing. Thus, for each node's demand test, a migration of the execution action state of the demand test is constructed with the test end state pointing to its child node.

(4) For each node's demand test, a migration of the execution action state of the demand test is constructed with the test end state pointing to its sibling node.

According to the steps, an EFSM model based on the SCA core framework conformance test can be constructed, in the model, a test of specific requirements is contained on migration of the model, a precondition of the test is judged on migration, and a feasible migration sequence set (path) can be used for guiding construction of test cases;

with the increase of test requirements, the number of nodes and migration number in the model are increased, and the scale of the model is also increased, so that the research and exploration of the automation technology are performed. Therefore, the model needs to be reduced to a certain extent, so that the model is more fit with the requirements of the SCA core framework for testing the compliance, and the test automation is facilitated;

step five, the constructed model can be further reduced according to the following rules:

rule one: and (3) for testing any requirement, constructing migration between the initial state and the final state, combining the migration of the original initial state pointing to the execution action state with the triggering event, the execution condition and the action on the migration of the execution action state pointing to the final state, and placing the combined events and the actions on the new migration. For the migration of other states to the execution action state, the migration of the state to the corresponding last state is constructed, and the operation is similar;

rule II: and adding self-circulation migration to the initial state of any required test, combining the migration of the original initial state pointing to the execution action state with the trigger event, the execution condition and the action on the migration of the execution action state pointing to the initial state, and placing the combined result on the new migration. For the migration of other states to the execution action state, constructing self-circulation migration on the state, and operating similarly;

rule III: all the migration pointing to the execution action state and the migration pointing to the last state from the execution action state are deleted, and all the states without migration are deleted. The result is to delete all states in the model describing the action and its migration.

According to the steps and the reduction rules, an EFSM model for the global SCA core framework conformance test can be finally constructed, and the scale and the complexity of the model are greatly reduced compared with those of an original model. Specific demand tests in this model will be represented by a single migration, as will system failures by self-migration in state. On the basis, a specific demand set can be input, and the model is extracted to obtain a sub-model, and the steps are as follows:

(1) Inputting a set of requirements;

(2) Selecting a demand node in the set in the test dependence tree model generated in the step five;

(3) For each selected demand node, sequentially selecting upper nodes until the root node, extracting all the selected nodes, and constructing a new demand set;

(4) Extracting migration represented by each requirement test in the requirement set, and initial state and final state of migration in sequence from the original model to obtain a sub-model;

(5) Adding migration between the end states of the requirement tests belonging to brother nodes in the test dependency tree model in the sub model, wherein each label on the migration is the same as the migration of the requirement tests of the brother nodes;

(6) If the initial state of the sub-model is not the initial state s0 of the original model, adding the migration and state from s0 to the initial state of the sub-model to the sub-model, thus obtaining a complete sub-model.

The invention has the advantages of the conformance test of the SCA core framework:

(1) The invention provides a modeling method of an EFSM model based on SCA core framework conformance test, which can intuitively display the whole test flow;

(2) Based on the model, test conditions can be judged, feasibility of a test path is judged, a feasible test sequence is constructed, and construction of test cases is guided;

(3) The construction requirement of complex test cases can be met;

(4) A solution proposed by a personalized sub-model is provided.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a state transition model diagram for a single demand test,

figure 2 is a test dependency tree model,

figure 3 is a diagram of an EFSM model based on SCA core framework conformance testing,

figure 4 is a reduced process diagram of a single demand test,

figure 5 is a diagram of a reduced EFSM model based on SCA core framework conformance testing,

figure 6 is a view of a sub-model,

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of test model generation.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a state transition diagram of a single demand test in the present invention, depicting the test procedure and output results of any demand in the SCA compliance test. Before the test is performed, the system is in a state such as "initialized", "started", "connected" and the like as initial states of the test; in the test execution process, the system executes corresponding actions and is in an execution state; if the test passes, the state of the system may be reached to the next state by the performed operation, or may be returned to the original state. Thus, the initial state s1 of the initial test, the test execution action state s2, the test end state s3, the end state of the model may be the same as the initial state, and the transitions t1, t2, t3 have the label event [ condition ]/action on any transition t, which represents the trigger event, the execution condition and the execution operation, respectively, and the label may be empty. When the test starts, the tested system enters an execution test state from an initial state through t1, if the system can normally run and the state condition ' is met, a ' success ' event is triggered, a corresponding ' action ' operation is executed, and the final state s3 is reached through t 2. If the system has errors in the test process or the condition of the state is not satisfied and the final state can not be reached smoothly, triggering a failure event, returning to the initial state s1 through t3 and throwing out the reason of the abnormality.

FIG. 2 is a test dependency tree diagram of SCA compliance tests in which there are dependencies between demand tests, as shown in FIG. 2, the example consisting of partial demand tests of the basic components in the core framework, where any node represents a demand test and any child node's demand test is allowed to proceed only if its parent node's demand test passes. The test sequence is constructed according to the model, so that unnecessary tests can be reduced to a certain extent, and the test time is reduced.

FIG. 3 is an EFSM model diagram based on SCA core framework compliance testing, as shown in FIG. 3, the example illustrates a state transition diagram of a portion of demand testing of basic components in a core framework, which is composed of a plurality of state transition models of single demand testing combined according to a test-dependent tree model. Firstly merging repeated states existing in each demand test model, and secondly constructing migration among action states of all parent nodes pointing to child nodes according to the test dependency tree model, wherein the migration is shown as t12, t13 and the like in the figure. In the test dependency tree model, the requirement tests of the brother nodes are executable only when the requirement tests of the father nodes pass, so that the requirement tests of the brother nodes are mutually reachable, and for the requirement test of each node, the migration of the execution action state of the requirement test of the brother node, which is pointed to by the end state of the test, is constructed.

One test path represents a set of transitions starting from s0, through multiple transitions, and eventually reaching the "Released" state or re-reaching the "Initialized" state through the "Released" state. In SCA compliance testing, testing of a component is typically made up of multiple paths. In the figure, the dependency relationship between tests can be represented by judging the migration conditions, so that the feasibility of the test path can be judged, and the feasible test path can be generated, thereby guiding the construction of the test cases.

FIG. 4 is a reduced process diagram of a single demand test. As shown in the figure, firstly, constructing a migration t4 between an initial state s1 and a final state s3, merging trigger events, execution conditions and actions on t1 and t2, and placing the merged trigger events, execution conditions and actions on a new migration t 4; and secondly, constructing a self-circulation migration t5 of the initial state s1, combining trigger events, execution conditions and actions on t1 and t3, and placing the combined trigger events, execution conditions and actions on the new migration t 5. Thereafter t1, t2, t3 are deleted and the action state s2 is performed, as indicated by the broken line part in the figure.

Figure 5 shows a diagram of the reduced EFSM model based on SCA core framework compliance testing. The number of states and transitions in fig. five is smaller than in fig. 4. In the figure, self-circulation error reporting migration generated by test errors is omitted, each migration represents a required test, and the construction of test cases can be better guided.

FIG. 6 is a sub-model diagram of FIG. 5, in which a model may be extracted based on an input set of requirements to obtain a sub-model. The extraction of the submodel provides guidance for the personalized test aiming at the test of different conditions.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of test model generation, process of test model generation:

(1) Analyzing the beginning of a testing process of each requirement in the SCA specification, determining a state set, a variable set and a migration set of a single requirement test, and constructing a single requirement test state migration model by combining an EFSM principle;

(2) Constructing a test dependence tree model according to the SCA specification;

(3) Integrating the state migration models of each single requirement test according to the test dependency model to obtain an initial EFSM model;

(4) Reducing the model according to a certain reduction rule to obtain a final test model diagram;

(5) The set of requirements can be input according to the requirements, and the submodel can be extracted according to a certain rule.

In summary, the invention provides the EFSM model based on the SCA core framework conformance test and the modeling method thereof, the model can intuitively display the operation flow of the software radio system in the test process, improve the readability of the test program, effectively judge the feasibility of the test path, play a supporting role in the construction of test cases with complex requirements, make up for the blank of the SCA conformance test research in China, and lay a good foundation for the subsequent test automation research.

Claims

1. The modeling method for the software communication system architecture conformance test based on the extended finite state machine is based on a modeling model of SCA core framework conformance test and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, determining an initial state S0 of a test, constructing a state set S and a migration set T according to SCA specifications, abstracting each required test into an EFSM model in the SCA compliance test, wherein the state existing in the required test is the initial state si, executing an action state sj, and executing a test passing state, namely a test end state sz after the required test passes; the migration ta of si pointing to sj, the migration tb of sj pointing to sz and the migration tc of sj pointing to si exist, the testing process of each requirement is analyzed, and the states and the migration existing in the testing process of each requirement are respectively added into a state set S and a migration set T;

step two, constructing a variable set V, and adding variables existing in each requirement testing process into the variable set V;

constructing a test dependency tree diagram, wherein the requirement test of each node corresponds to an EFSM model;

step four, constructing an EFSM model for SCA compliance test according to the test dependence tree model, the defined state set S, the migration set T and the variable set V;

fifthly, on the basis of the EFSM model provided in the fourth step, the constructed model is reduced according to rules;

the fourth step comprises the following steps:

4.1 The different requirements test corresponds to different EFSM models, the same states exist in the models, the same states are used as nodes, the models are connected, and the repeated states existing in S are removed;

4.2 A migration specifying an initial state s0 pointing to the execution state of the root node in the tree diagram;

4.3 For each node's demand test, constructing a transition of the test end state to the execution action state of the demand test of its child node,

4.4 For each node's demand test, constructing a migration of the execution action state of the demand test with the test end state pointing to its sibling node;

the rule in the fifth step is specifically as follows:

rule one: the method comprises the steps of testing any requirement, constructing migration between an initial state and a final state, combining a trigger event, an execution condition and an action on migration of an original initial state to an execution action state and migration of the execution action state to the final state, placing the combined trigger event, the execution condition and the action on new migration, constructing migration of the state to the corresponding final state for migration of other states to the execution action state, and performing similar operation;

rule II: the method comprises the steps of adding self-circulation migration to an initial state of any requirement, combining the migration of an original initial state pointing to an execution action state with the trigger event, the execution condition and the action on the migration of the execution action state pointing to the initial state, placing the combined trigger event, the execution condition and the action on new migration, and constructing the self-circulation migration on the state for the migration of other states pointing to the execution action state, wherein the operation is similar;

rule III: all the transitions pointing to the execution action state and from the execution action state to the final state are deleted, and all the states without transitions are deleted, as a result of which all the states describing the actions in the model and their transitions are deleted.