CN111273711A - Large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source black body device with double-zone temperature control - Google Patents
Large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source black body device with double-zone temperature control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of calibration or calibration of infrared detection instruments suitable for the fields of aerospace, weapons, military camouflage, radiation detection and thermal imaging, and particularly relates to a double-zone temperature control large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source black body device which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the device comprises a radiation surface, a central heating body, an outer ring heating body, a central temperature sensor, an outer ring temperature sensor, double PID type temperature controllers, a convection shielding cover and a heat insulation layer, wherein the convection shielding cover is arranged above and below the device, the radiation surface is arranged inside the device, the central heating body and the outer ring heating body are arranged inside the device, the outer ring heating body is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the central heating body, the outer ring temperature sensor is connected with the outer ring heating body, the central temperature sensor is connected with the central heating body, and the central temperature sensor and the outer ring temperature sensor are connected with the double PID type temperature controllers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-temperature uniformity large-aperture surface source blackbody radiation source which is suitable for calibrating or calibrating infrared detection instruments in the fields of aerospace, weapons, military camouflage, radiation detection and thermal imaging.
Background
The defects of the existing technical scheme of the large-caliber surface source blackbody radiation source mainly comprise: the upper limit of the temperature range is insufficient, the temperature uniformity is not ideal, and an effective inhibition scheme for air convection under high temperature conditions is lacked.
The utility model discloses a utility model with publication number CN2692804Y face source black body radiation source, which comprises a radiator, a cylinder, a fixed ring, a face source black body box, a face source black body front panel, an axial fan, cellucotton and a temperature controller, wherein the fixed ring is arranged in the inner ring of the face source black body front panel, the cylinder is arranged on the upper side of the face source black body box, the radiator is arranged in the cylinder, the axial fan is arranged on the back of the face source black body box, the face source black body front panel is arranged in the front of the face source black body box, the temperature controller is connected with the face source black body box, the cellucotton is arranged between the face source black body cylinder and the radiator, the radiator is a hollow cylindrical disk, a plurality of circles of concentric grooves are arranged on the radiation surface of the cylindrical disk, the back surface of the cylindrical disk is provided with a plurality of circles of concentric grooves, the heating wire is arranged in each groove, a plurality of circles of circumferential grooves are arranged on the, the circumference of the cylindrical disk is provided with a plurality of holes from the circle center to the circumference for installing the sensors, and the radiation surface and the inner surface of the hollow cylindrical disk are both provided with blackening layers.
The invention patent with publication number CN104913849A discloses a surface source black body and a manufacturing method thereof, which comprises the following steps: the bottom plate is used for forming a supporting structure of the surface source black body; a predetermined number of cones formed on the base plate, the cones being arranged on the base plate in a predetermined manner; at least one part of the cone and the bottom plate are of an integrated structure, and at least the other part of the cone is formed independently.
For example, a surface source black body type radiation source under the external field condition and a calibration method thereof are disclosed under the publication number CN 105241554A. The radiation source is additionally provided with an infrared transmitting cover with a windproof function outside a radiation surface, is suitable for severe environment of an outfield, is not or less influenced by wind and air flow, and keeps enough precision. The calibration method of the radiation source comprises the following steps: firstly, establishing a corresponding relation table of DL value-blackbody temperature of data collected by a thermal imager CCD; establishing a calibration curve of the DL value of the data collected by the thermal imager CCD and the black body temperature by using a corresponding relation table of the DL value of the data collected by the thermal imager CCD and the black body temperature; establishing a black body temperature-black body radiation temperature corresponding relation table; finally, under the condition of an external field and under the condition of using a windproof infrared-transmitting outer cover, establishing a DL value corresponding relation table of data collected by the black body radiation temperature-thermal imager CCD; thereby establishing a calibration curve corresponding to the corresponding relation table of DL values of the data collected by the black body radiation temperature-thermal imager CCD and completing the calibration work.
The technical scheme of the large-aperture surface source blackbody radiation source in the prior art mainly has the following defects: the upper limit of the temperature range is insufficient, the temperature uniformity is not ideal, and the effective inhibition scheme for air convection under high temperature conditions is not sufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the technical scheme of the large-caliber surface source blackbody radiation source in the prior art, the method mainly comprises the following steps: the invention provides a large-caliber high-temperature infrared plane source black body based on double-zone independent temperature control, which improves a zone independent temperature control process, a surface microstructure and a coating, is additionally provided with a convection shielding cover, and improves the temperature uniformity and the emissivity of a large-caliber high-temperature infrared plane source.
The utility model provides a heavy-calibre high temperature infrared surface source blackbody device of dual zone accuse temperature which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a radiation surface, a central heating body, an outer ring heating body, a central temperature sensor, an outer ring temperature sensor, double PID type temperature controllers, a convection shielding cover and a heat insulation layer, wherein the convection shielding cover is arranged above and below the device, the radiation surface is arranged inside the device, the central heating body and the outer ring heating body are arranged inside the device, the outer ring heating body is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the central heating body, the outer ring temperature sensor is connected with the outer ring heating body, the central temperature sensor is connected with the central heating body, and the central temperature sensor and the outer ring temperature sensor are connected with the double PID type temperature controllers.
The radiating surface is a high-emissivity heat sink radiating surface with a V-shaped groove structure, the diameter of the radiating surface is 400mm, the angle of the V-shaped groove is 30 degrees, and the depth of the V-shaped groove is 10 mm.
And the heating elements of the central heating element and the outer ring heating element are nickel-based high-temperature alloy wires.
The heating body is formed by an alloy wire penetrating through the double-control ceramic tube and a single-hole ceramic tube at the top end.
The radius R1/R2 of the central heating element and the outer ring heating element is 4/5.
The central temperature sensor and the outer ring temperature sensor are specifically equal-grade standard platinum-rhodium-platinum thermocouples.
The convection shielding cover is made of stainless steel, the wall thickness is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the depth/diameter ratio of the convection shielding cover is 1/2.
The working principle is as follows:
the double-area PID temperature controller has the functions of precisely controlling and stabilizing the temperature of the large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source black body and improving the uniformity of a temperature distribution surface.
In temperature control, a controller that generates a control amount by proportional, integral, and differential of an error is called a PID controller. The proportional, integral and derivative of the error also correspond to simple estimates of the "present", "past" and "future" information of the error, respectively, and the control quantity can be generated by a simple linear combination thereof. In fig. 4, r (t) is the system setting value, c (t) is the actual output of the controlled object, u (t) is the control quantity, and e (t) is the control error. In a PID controller, the mathematical model of the relationship between the control quantity and the control error can be expressed as:
where Kp is a proportionality coefficient, Ti is an integration time, and Td is a differentiation time. The three parameters are obtained through self-tuning of a PID controller.
The specific control principle steps of the design of the double-zone PID controller are as follows:
the dual-area independent temperature control process improves the uniformity of the temperature field of the blackbody radiation source; the specific process steps of the double-zone PID independent temperature control comprise: (a to e)
a. Setting PID controller 1 target temperature T1；
b. Setting PID controller 2 target temperature T2；
c. Starting a device to supply power, simultaneously starting a PID controller for self-tuning, supplying power to a heater through starting and stopping a relay, and acquiring PID parameters of two PID controllers by taking the deviation between the target temperature and the temperature read by a sensor as a control target;
d. measuring the temperature uniformity of the surface source, and setting a deviation value of the PID controller 2;
e. after the new deviation value is set, stabilizing the surface source again and measuring the temperature uniformity of the surface source again; and (e) repeating the steps a to e until the temperature uniformity meets the use requirement.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the direct eutectic method which is the closest to the prior art, the method has the most outstanding technical advantages that the method is embodied in a double-zone independent temperature control process; surface microstructure and coating process; a convection shielding cover with a deepening/diameter ratio of 1/2 is attached, so that the temperature uniformity and the emissivity of the large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source are improved.
2. The invention adopts the function of the double-area PID temperature controller to precisely control and stabilize the temperature of the large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source black body, and improves the uniformity of the temperature distribution surface.
Reference numerals
1. The device comprises a radiation surface, 2 a central heating body, 3 an outer ring heating body, 4a central temperature sensor, 5 an outer ring temperature sensor, 6 a double-PID type temperature controller, 7 a convection shielding cover, 8 and a heat insulation layer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a radiating surface of a high emissivity heat sink;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heating body based on a nickel-based superalloy wire;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a layout region of a two-zone heat generating body;
FIG. 4 is a basic schematic diagram of a PID controller;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a dual zone PID controller design;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a convection shield structure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source blackbody with dual-zone temperature control.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1:
the utility model provides a heavy-calibre high temperature infrared surface source blackbody device of dual zone accuse temperature which characterized in that includes: the solar heating device comprises a radiation surface 1, a central heating body 2, an outer ring heating body 3, a central temperature sensor 4, an outer ring temperature sensor 5, double PID type temperature controllers 6, a convection shielding cover 7 and a heat insulation layer 8, wherein the convection shielding cover 7 is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the device, the radiation surface 1 is arranged inside the device, the central heating body 2 and the outer ring heating body 3 are arranged inside the device, the outer ring heating body 3 is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the central heating body 2, the outer ring temperature sensor 5 is connected with the outer ring heating body 3, the central temperature sensor 4 is connected with the central heating body 2, and the central temperature sensor 4 and the outer ring temperature sensor 5 are connected with the double PID.
The heating body is formed by an alloy wire penetrating through the double-control ceramic tube and a single-hole ceramic tube at the top end.
The R1/R2 of the radii of the center heating element 2 and the outer ring heating element 3 is 4/5.
The central temperature sensor 4 and the outer ring temperature sensor 5 are specifically equal-grade standard platinum-rhodium-platinum type thermocouples.
The convection shielding cover 7 is made of stainless steel, the wall thickness is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the depth/diameter ratio of the convection shielding cover 7 is 1/2.
Example 2:
the utility model provides a heavy-calibre high temperature infrared surface source blackbody device of dual zone accuse temperature which characterized in that includes: the solar heating device comprises a radiation surface 1, a central heating body 2, an outer ring heating body 3, a central temperature sensor 4, an outer ring temperature sensor 5, double PID type temperature controllers 6, a convection shielding cover 7 and a heat insulation layer 8, wherein the convection shielding cover 7 is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the device, the radiation surface 1 is arranged inside the device, the central heating body 2 and the outer ring heating body 3 are arranged inside the device, the outer ring heating body 3 is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the central heating body 2, the outer ring temperature sensor 5 is connected with the outer ring heating body 3, the central temperature sensor 4 is connected with the central heating body 2, and the central temperature sensor 4 and the outer ring temperature sensor 5 are connected with the double PID.
The radiating surface 1 is a high-emissivity heat sink radiating surface 1 with a V-shaped groove structure, the diameter of the radiating surface 1 is 400mm, the angle of the V-shaped groove is 30 degrees, and the depth of the V-shaped groove is 10 mm.
The heating body is formed by an alloy wire penetrating through the double-control ceramic tube and a single-hole ceramic tube at the top end.
The R1/R2 of the radii of the center heating element 2 and the outer ring heating element 3 is 4/5.
The central temperature sensor 4 and the outer ring temperature sensor 5 are specifically equal-grade standard platinum-rhodium-platinum type thermocouples.
The convection shielding cover 7 is made of stainless steel, the wall thickness is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the depth/diameter ratio of the convection shielding cover 7 is 1/2.
Example 3:
the utility model provides a heavy-calibre high temperature infrared surface source blackbody device of dual zone accuse temperature which characterized in that includes: the solar heating device comprises a radiation surface 1, a central heating body 2, an outer ring heating body 3, a central temperature sensor 4, an outer ring temperature sensor 5, double PID type temperature controllers 6, a convection shielding cover 7 and a heat insulation layer 8, wherein the convection shielding cover 7 is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the device, the radiation surface 1 is arranged inside the device, the central heating body 2 and the outer ring heating body 3 are arranged inside the device, the outer ring heating body 3 is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the central heating body 2, the outer ring temperature sensor 5 is connected with the outer ring heating body 3, the central temperature sensor 4 is connected with the central heating body 2, and the central temperature sensor 4 and the outer ring temperature sensor 5 are connected with the double PID.
The radiating surface 1 is a high-emissivity heat sink radiating surface 1 with a V-shaped groove structure, the diameter of the radiating surface 1 is 400mm, the angle of the V-shaped groove is 30 degrees, and the depth of the V-shaped groove is 10 mm.
The heating elements of the central heating element 2 and the outer ring heating element 3 are nickel-based high-temperature alloy wires.
The central temperature sensor 4 and the outer ring temperature sensor 5 are specifically equal-grade standard platinum-rhodium-platinum type thermocouples.
The convection shielding cover 7 is made of stainless steel, the wall thickness is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the depth/diameter ratio of the convection shielding cover 7 is 1/2.
Example 4:
the utility model provides a heavy-calibre high temperature infrared surface source blackbody device of dual zone accuse temperature which characterized in that includes: the solar heating device comprises a radiation surface 1, a central heating body 2, an outer ring heating body 3, a central temperature sensor 4, an outer ring temperature sensor 5, double PID type temperature controllers 6, a convection shielding cover 7 and a heat insulation layer 8, wherein the convection shielding cover 7 is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the device, the radiation surface 1 is arranged inside the device, the central heating body 2 and the outer ring heating body 3 are arranged inside the device, the outer ring heating body 3 is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the central heating body 2, the outer ring temperature sensor 5 is connected with the outer ring heating body 3, the central temperature sensor 4 is connected with the central heating body 2, and the central temperature sensor 4 and the outer ring temperature sensor 5 are connected with the double PID.
The radiating surface 1 is a high-emissivity heat sink radiating surface 1 with a V-shaped groove structure, the diameter of the radiating surface 1 is 400mm, the angle of the V-shaped groove is 30 degrees, and the depth of the V-shaped groove is 10 mm.
The heating elements of the central heating element 2 and the outer ring heating element 3 are nickel-based high-temperature alloy wires.
The heating body is formed by an alloy wire penetrating through the double-control ceramic tube and a single-hole ceramic tube at the top end.
The R1/R2 of the radii of the center heating element 2 and the outer ring heating element 3 is 4/5.
Example 5:
the utility model provides a heavy-calibre high temperature infrared surface source blackbody device of dual zone accuse temperature which characterized in that includes: the solar heating device comprises a radiation surface 1, a central heating body 2, an outer ring heating body 3, a central temperature sensor 4, an outer ring temperature sensor 5, double PID type temperature controllers 6, a convection shielding cover 7 and a heat insulation layer 8, wherein the convection shielding cover 7 is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the device, the radiation surface 1 is arranged inside the device, the central heating body 2 and the outer ring heating body 3 are arranged inside the device, the outer ring heating body 3 is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the central heating body 2, the outer ring temperature sensor 5 is connected with the outer ring heating body 3, the central temperature sensor 4 is connected with the central heating body 2, and the central temperature sensor 4 and the outer ring temperature sensor 5 are connected with the double PID.
The radiating surface 1 is a high-emissivity heat sink radiating surface 1 with a V-shaped groove structure, the diameter of the radiating surface 1 is 400mm, the angle of the V-shaped groove is 30 degrees, and the depth of the V-shaped groove is 10 mm.
The heating elements of the central heating element 2 and the outer ring heating element 3 are nickel-based high-temperature alloy wires.
The heating body is formed by an alloy wire penetrating through the double-control ceramic tube and a single-hole ceramic tube at the top end.
The R1/R2 of the radii of the center heating element 2 and the outer ring heating element 3 is 4/5.
The central temperature sensor 4 and the outer ring temperature sensor 5 are specifically equal-grade standard platinum-rhodium-platinum type thermocouples.
Example 6:
the utility model provides a heavy-calibre high temperature infrared surface source blackbody device of dual zone accuse temperature which characterized in that includes: the solar heating device comprises a radiation surface 1, a central heating body 2, an outer ring heating body 3, a central temperature sensor 4, an outer ring temperature sensor 5, double PID type temperature controllers 6, a convection shielding cover 7 and a heat insulation layer 8, wherein the convection shielding cover 7 is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the device, the radiation surface 1 is arranged inside the device, the central heating body 2 and the outer ring heating body 3 are arranged inside the device, the outer ring heating body 3 is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the central heating body 2, the outer ring temperature sensor 5 is connected with the outer ring heating body 3, the central temperature sensor 4 is connected with the central heating body 2, and the central temperature sensor 4 and the outer ring temperature sensor 5 are connected with the double PID.
The radiating surface 1 is a high-emissivity heat sink radiating surface 1 with a V-shaped groove structure, the diameter of the radiating surface 1 is 400mm, the angle of the V-shaped groove is 30 degrees, and the depth of the V-shaped groove is 10 mm.
The heating elements of the central heating element 2 and the outer ring heating element 3 are nickel-based high-temperature alloy wires.
The heating body is formed by an alloy wire penetrating through the double-control ceramic tube and a single-hole ceramic tube at the top end.
The R1/R2 of the radii of the center heating element 2 and the outer ring heating element 3 is 4/5.
The central temperature sensor 4 and the outer ring temperature sensor 5 are specifically equal-grade standard platinum-rhodium-platinum type thermocouples.
The convection shielding cover 7 is made of stainless steel, the wall thickness is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the depth/diameter ratio of the convection shielding cover 7 is 1/2.
The working principle is as follows:
the double-area PID temperature controller has the functions of precisely controlling and stabilizing the temperature of the large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source black body and improving the uniformity of a temperature distribution surface.
In temperature control, a controller that generates a control amount by proportional, integral, and differential of an error is called a PID controller. The proportional, integral and derivative of the error also correspond to simple estimates of the "present", "past" and "future" information of the error, respectively, and the control quantity can be generated by a simple linear combination thereof. In fig. 4, r (t) is the system setting value, c (t) is the actual output of the controlled object, u (t) is the control quantity, and e (t) is the control error. In a PID controller, the mathematical model of the relationship between the control quantity and the control error can be expressed as:
where Kp is a proportionality coefficient, Ti is an integration time, and Td is a differentiation time. The three parameters are obtained through self-tuning of a PID controller.
The specific control principle steps of the design of the double-zone PID controller are as follows:
the dual-area independent temperature control process improves the uniformity of the temperature field of the blackbody radiation source; the specific process steps of the double-zone PID independent temperature control comprise: (a to e)
a. Setting PID controller 1 target temperature T1；
b. Setting PID controller 2 target temperature T2；
c. Starting a device to supply power, simultaneously starting a PID controller for self-tuning, supplying power to a heater through starting and stopping a relay, and acquiring PID parameters of two PID controllers by taking the deviation between the target temperature and the temperature read by a sensor as a control target;
d. measuring the temperature uniformity of the surface source, and setting a deviation value of the PID controller 2;
e. after the new deviation value is set, stabilizing the surface source again and measuring the temperature uniformity of the surface source again; and (e) repeating the steps a to e until the temperature uniformity meets the use requirement.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a heavy-calibre high temperature infrared surface source blackbody device of dual zone accuse temperature which characterized in that includes: radiant surface (1), central heat-generating body (2), outer loop heat-generating body (3), central temperature sensor (4), outer loop temperature sensor (5), two PID type temperature controller (6), convection current shield cover (7) and insulating layer (8), be provided with convection current shield cover (7) about the device, the inside radiant surface (1) that is provided with of device, central heat-generating body (2) and outer loop heat-generating body (3) set up inside the device, the upper and lower end of central heat-generating body (2) is provided with outer loop heat-generating body (3), outer loop temperature sensor (5) link to each other with outer loop heat-generating body (3), central temperature sensor (4) are connected with central heat-generating body (2), central temperature sensor (4) and outer loop temperature sensor (5) are connected with two PID type temperature controller (6).
2. The double-zone temperature control large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source blackbody device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the radiating surface (1) is a high-emissivity heat sink radiating surface (1) with a V-shaped groove structure, the diameter of the radiating surface (1) is 400mm, the angle of the V-shaped groove is 30 degrees, and the depth of the V-shaped groove is 10 mm.
3. The double-zone temperature control large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source blackbody device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the heating elements of the central heating element (2) and the outer ring heating element (3) are nickel-based high-temperature alloy wires.
4. The double-zone temperature control large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source blackbody device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the heating body is formed by an alloy wire penetrating through the double-control ceramic tube and a single-hole ceramic tube at the top end.
5. The double-zone temperature control large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source blackbody device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: R1/R2=4/5 of the radii of the center heat-generating element (2) and the outer ring heat-generating element (3).
6. The double-zone temperature control large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source blackbody device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the central temperature sensor (4) and the outer ring temperature sensor (5) are specifically equal-grade standard platinum-rhodium-platinum thermocouples.
7. The double-zone temperature control large-caliber high-temperature infrared surface source blackbody device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the convection shielding cover (7) is made of stainless steel, the wall thickness is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the depth/diameter ratio of the convection shielding cover (7) is 1/2.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112345088A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-02-09 | 四川谛达诺科技有限公司 | Real-time double-temperature calibration infrared temperature measuring device and method |
| CN112817349A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 河北高达电子科技有限公司 | Black body temperature control method |
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| CN207036270U (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-02-23 | 广州东部科技有限公司 | A kind of spherical cavity standard black body radiation source |
| CN110186573A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-08-30 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of area blackbody radiation source |
| CN210005117U (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2020-01-31 | 中国科学技术大学 | kinds of surface source black body radiation source |
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| US20080192797A1 (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2008-08-14 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Standard radiation source |
| CN102455720A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2012-05-16 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Temperature control system for vacuum low-temperature black body |
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| CN207036270U (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-02-23 | 广州东部科技有限公司 | A kind of spherical cavity standard black body radiation source |
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| CN112817349A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 河北高达电子科技有限公司 | Black body temperature control method |
| CN112817349B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 河北高达电子科技有限公司 | Black body temperature control method |
| CN112345088A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-02-09 | 四川谛达诺科技有限公司 | Real-time double-temperature calibration infrared temperature measuring device and method |
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Application publication date: 20200612 |
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