CN111273701A - Visual control system and control method for holder - Google Patents
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- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003708 edge detection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
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- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/13—Edge detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a visual control system and a control method of a holder, wherein the control method comprises the steps of obtaining environmental information to obtain a visual image; identifying a target to be detected from the visual image; calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in a camera coordinate system; calculating a visual control angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system; calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in a ground coordinate system; calculating a prediction compensation angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system; and controlling a holder motor by using a fuzzy control algorithm according to the visual control angle and the prediction compensation angle. According to the technical scheme, when the pan-tilt motor is controlled, the yaw angle prediction compensation value and the pitch angle prediction compensation value of the target to be detected, which are obtained by combining the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be detected in the ground coordinate system and the gyroscope detection data, are referred, so that the response speed of the operation system and the control accuracy are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine vision, in particular to a holder vision control system and a control method.
Background
With the rapid development of target detection technology, particularly convolutional deep neural network, the visual system is more intelligent and robust, the task that the computer vision can solve is more complex and various, and the application field is wider. The visual system with the tracking function can be applied to the pan-tilt control of the mobile robot and is used for detecting a dynamic target. The vision tracking technology is mature step by step, gradually becomes the core technology of modern robots, and is applied to the fields of robot competition, picking systems, handheld cloud deck systems, unmanned aerial vehicles and the like.
In a traditional holder visual system, a visual tracking method only uses two-dimensional target detection, and takes the deviation between a target and a holder mechanism as a control numerical value or uses absolute coordinates as a control numerical value, and the two methods cannot have the characteristics of quick response and stability and cannot be well applied to variable-view-field random dynamic target tracking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a visual control system and a control method of a holder, which are used for solving one or more technical problems in the prior art and at least providing a beneficial selection or creation condition.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a control method of a holder vision system comprises the following steps:
step 100, acquiring environmental information to obtain a visual image, and preprocessing the visual image;
step 200, identifying a target to be detected from the visual image;
step 300, establishing a camera coordinate system, and calculating the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system;
step 400, calculating a visual control angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be detected in the camera coordinate system, wherein the visual control angle comprises a yaw angle and a pitch angle of the target to be detected relative to the camera coordinate system;
500, establishing a ground coordinate system, and calculating a three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system;
step 600, calculating a prediction compensation angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system, wherein the prediction compensation angle comprises a yaw angle prediction compensation value and a pitch angle prediction compensation value of the target to be measured;
and 700, controlling a holder motor by utilizing a fuzzy control algorithm according to the vision control angle and the prediction compensation angle.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in step 100, the preprocessing the visual image includes sequentially performing binarization processing, noise filtering processing, and opening operation processing on the visual image.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the step 200 includes performing an edge detection operation and a feature screening operation on the visual image to obtain a target to be detected, and outputting a projection coordinate of the target to be detected in the visual image.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the step 300 includes:
step 310, according to the projection coordinate of the target to be measured in the visual image, passing through a formula
Calculating a rotation matrix R3×3And an offset vector t3×1Where z represents the zoom size,
representing the projected coordinates of the object to be measured in the visual image,
representing an internal reference matrix belonging to the fixed parameters of the image acquisition device,
representing homogeneous coordinates in an object coordinate system;
step 320, according to the obtained rotation matrix R3×3And an offset vector t3×1By the formula
Calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the step 400 includes passing through a formula
Calculating the pitch angle pitch of the target to be measured relative to the camera coordinate system through a formula
And calculating the yaw angle yaw of the target to be measured relative to the camera coordinate system.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the step 500 includes:
step 510, establishing a ground coordinate system, and reading a yaw angle numerical value and a pitch angle numerical value of the gyroscope;
step 520, according to the formula
Calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in a ground coordinate system, wherein α represents the yaw angle value of the gyroscope, β represents the pitch angle value of the gyroscope,
and representing the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step 600 includes:
610, obtaining a predicted coordinate of the target to be measured in a ground coordinate system by using least square method quadratic fitting;
step 620, calculating a yaw angle prediction compensation value and a pitch angle prediction compensation value of the target to be measured, wherein the pitch angle prediction compensation value is
The predicted compensation value of the yaw angle is
Wherein SpRepresenting the pitch angle proportionality coefficient, SyRepresenting the yaw rate, PxAnd PyAnd representing the predicted coordinates of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system in the step 610.
The invention also discloses a holder vision system, which comprises:
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring environmental information to obtain a visual image;
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the visual image;
the identification module is used for identifying a target to be detected from the visual image;
the first coordinate calculation module is used for establishing a camera coordinate system and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system;
the first angle calculation module is used for calculating a visual control angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be detected in the camera coordinate system, wherein the visual control angle comprises a yaw angle and a pitch angle of the target to be detected relative to the camera coordinate system;
the second coordinate calculation module is used for establishing a ground coordinate system and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system;
the second angle calculation module is used for calculating a prediction compensation angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system, wherein the prediction compensation angle comprises a yaw angle prediction compensation value and a pitch angle prediction compensation value of the target to be measured;
and the control module is used for controlling the holder motor by utilizing a fuzzy control algorithm according to the visual control angle and the prediction compensation angle.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the technical scheme, when the pan-tilt motor is controlled, the yaw angle prediction compensation value and the pitch angle prediction compensation value of the target to be detected, which are obtained by combining the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be detected in the ground coordinate system and gyroscope detection data, are referred, so that the response speed of an operation system and the control accuracy are improved.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples;
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, if words such as "a plurality" are described, the meaning is one or more, the meaning of a plurality is two or more, more than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as excluding the present number, and more than, less than, etc. are understood as including the present number.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
Referring to fig. 1, the present application discloses a control method of a pan-tilt-zoom vision system, a first embodiment of which comprises the following steps:
step 100, acquiring environmental information to obtain a visual image, and preprocessing the visual image;
step 200, identifying a target to be detected from the visual image;
step 300, establishing a camera coordinate system, and calculating the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system;
step 400, calculating a visual control angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be detected in the camera coordinate system, wherein the visual control angle comprises a yaw angle and a pitch angle of the target to be detected relative to the camera coordinate system;
500, establishing a ground coordinate system, and calculating a three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system;
step 600, calculating a prediction compensation angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system, wherein the prediction compensation angle comprises a yaw angle prediction compensation value and a pitch angle prediction compensation value of the target to be measured;
and 700, adding the vision control angle and the prediction compensation angle according to the vision control angle and the prediction compensation angle, and controlling a holder motor by using a fuzzy control algorithm according to the obtained data.
Specifically, in the embodiment, when the pan/tilt/zoom motor is controlled, a yaw angle prediction compensation value and a pitch angle prediction compensation value of the target to be measured, which are obtained by combining a three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system and gyroscope detection data, are referred to, so that the response speed of the operation system and the control accuracy are improved; in addition, the embodiment adopts the fuzzy control algorithm to carry out closed-loop control on the holder motor, so that the accuracy of controlling the holder motor can be further improved.
Further as a preferred implementation manner, in step 100 of this embodiment, the preprocessing the visual image includes sequentially performing binarization processing, noise filtering processing, and opening operation processing on the visual image.
Further as a preferred implementation manner, in this embodiment, the step 200 includes performing an edge detection operation and a feature screening operation on the visual image to obtain a target to be detected, and outputting a projection coordinate of the target to be detected in the visual image.
Further as a preferred implementation manner, in this embodiment, the step 300 includes:
step 310, according to the projection coordinate of the target to be measured in the visual image, passing through a formula
Calculating a rotation matrix R3×3And an offset vector t3×1Where z represents the zoom size,
representing the projected coordinates of the object to be measured in the visual image,
representing an internal reference matrix belonging to the fixed parameters of the image acquisition device,
representing homogeneous coordinates in an object coordinate system;
step 320, according to the obtained rotation matrix R3×3And an offset vector t3×1By the formula
Calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system
Further as a preferred implementation, in this embodiment, the step 400 includes passing through a formula
Calculating the pitch angle pitch of the target to be measured relative to the camera coordinate system through a formula
And calculating the yaw angle yaw of the target to be measured relative to the camera coordinate system.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the step 500 includes:
step 510, establishing a ground coordinate system, and reading a yaw angle numerical value and a pitch angle numerical value of the gyroscope;
step 520, according to the formula
Calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in a ground coordinate system, wherein α represents the yaw angle value of the gyroscope, β represents the pitch angle value of the gyroscope,
and representing the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system.
Further as a preferred implementation manner, in this embodiment, the step 600 includes:
610, obtaining a predicted coordinate of the target to be measured in a ground coordinate system by using least square method quadratic fitting;
step 620, calculating a yaw angle prediction compensation value and a pitch angle prediction compensation value of the target to be measured, wherein the pitch angle prediction compensation value is
The predicted compensation value of the yaw angle is
Wherein SpRepresenting the pitch angle proportionality coefficient, SyRepresenting the yaw rate, PxAnd PyAnd representing the predicted coordinates of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system in the step 610.
The application also discloses cloud platform visual system simultaneously, its first embodiment includes:
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring environmental information to obtain a visual image;
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the visual image;
the identification module is used for identifying a target to be detected from the visual image;
the first coordinate calculation module is used for establishing a camera coordinate system and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system;
the first angle calculation module is used for calculating a visual control angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be detected in the camera coordinate system, wherein the visual control angle comprises a yaw angle and a pitch angle of the target to be detected relative to the camera coordinate system;
the second coordinate calculation module is used for establishing a ground coordinate system and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system;
the second angle calculation module is used for calculating a prediction compensation angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system, wherein the prediction compensation angle comprises a yaw angle prediction compensation value and a pitch angle prediction compensation value of the target to be measured;
and the control module is used for controlling the holder motor by utilizing a fuzzy control algorithm according to the visual control angle and the prediction compensation angle.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments shown and described, but is capable of numerous equivalents and substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims appended hereto.
Claims (8)
1. A control method of a holder vision system is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 100, acquiring environmental information to obtain a visual image, and preprocessing the visual image;
step 200, identifying a target to be detected from the visual image;
step 300, establishing a camera coordinate system, and calculating the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system;
step 400, calculating a visual control angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be detected in the camera coordinate system, wherein the visual control angle comprises a yaw angle and a pitch angle of the target to be detected relative to the camera coordinate system;
500, establishing a ground coordinate system, and calculating a three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system;
step 600, calculating a prediction compensation angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system, wherein the prediction compensation angle comprises a yaw angle prediction compensation value and a pitch angle prediction compensation value of the target to be measured;
and 700, controlling a holder motor by utilizing a fuzzy control algorithm according to the vision control angle and the prediction compensation angle.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in the step 100, the preprocessing the visual image includes sequentially performing binarization processing, noise filtering processing, and opening operation processing on the visual image.
3. A method of controlling a pan-tilt-zoom-vision system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the step 200 includes performing edge detection operation and feature screening operation on the visual image to obtain a target to be detected, and outputting a projection coordinate of the target to be detected in the visual image.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the step 300 includes:
step 310, according to the projection coordinate of the target to be measured in the visual image, passing through a public keyFormula (II)
Calculating a rotation matrix R3×3And an offset vector t3×1Where z represents the zoom size,
representing the projected coordinates of the object to be measured in the visual image,
the reference matrix is represented as a function of the reference matrix,
representing homogeneous coordinates in an object coordinate system;
step 320, according to the obtained rotation matrix R3×3And an offset vector t3×1By the formula
Calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises: the step 400 includes passing through a formula
Calculating the pitch angle pitch of the target to be measured relative to the camera coordinate system through a formula
And calculating the yaw angle yaw of the target to be measured relative to the camera coordinate system.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the step 500 comprises:
step 510, establishing a ground coordinate system, and reading a yaw angle numerical value and a pitch angle numerical value of the gyroscope;
step 520, according to the formula
Calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in a ground coordinate system, wherein α represents the yaw angle value of the gyroscope, β represents the pitch angle value of the gyroscope,
and representing the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: step 600 comprises:
610, obtaining a predicted coordinate of the target to be measured in a ground coordinate system by using least square method quadratic fitting;
step 620, calculating a yaw angle prediction compensation value and a pitch angle prediction compensation value of the target to be measured, wherein the pitch angle prediction compensation value is
The predicted compensation value of the yaw angle is
Wherein SpRepresenting the pitch angle proportionality coefficient, SyRepresenting the yaw rate, PxAnd PyAnd representing the predicted coordinates of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system in the step 610.
8. A cloud platform vision system which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring environmental information to obtain a visual image;
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the visual image;
the identification module is used for identifying a target to be detected from the visual image;
the first coordinate calculation module is used for establishing a camera coordinate system and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in the camera coordinate system;
the first angle calculation module is used for calculating a visual control angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be detected in the camera coordinate system, wherein the visual control angle comprises a yaw angle and a pitch angle of the target to be detected relative to the camera coordinate system;
the second coordinate calculation module is used for establishing a ground coordinate system and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system;
the second angle calculation module is used for calculating a prediction compensation angle according to the three-dimensional coordinate of the target to be measured in the ground coordinate system, wherein the prediction compensation angle comprises a yaw angle prediction compensation value and a pitch angle prediction compensation value of the target to be measured;
and the control module is used for controlling the holder motor by utilizing a fuzzy control algorithm according to the visual control angle and the prediction compensation angle.
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