CN111272630A - Method for calculating artificial fracture parameters of compact rock core - Google Patents

Method for calculating artificial fracture parameters of compact rock core Download PDF

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CN111272630A
CN111272630A CN202010126182.2A CN202010126182A CN111272630A CN 111272630 A CN111272630 A CN 111272630A CN 202010126182 A CN202010126182 A CN 202010126182A CN 111272630 A CN111272630 A CN 111272630A
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formula
core
fracture
crack
rock core
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CN111272630B (en
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魏兵
张翔
高科
惠建
陆媛媛
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Southwest Petroleum University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
    • G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development, and discloses a method for calculating parameters of an artificial crack in a compact rock core, which can comprehensively, accurately and real-timely acquire various parameter changes of the compact rock core crack in an experimental process. The method for calculating the parameters of the dense matrix-fracture dual-medium model is simple and convenient, strong in operability and accurate in result, and solves the problem that the change rule of the parameters of the rock core fracture in the experimental process cannot be accurately acquired in real time in the prior art. The calculation method is suitable for the rock core cracks with the inclination angle, and the parameters have practical significance for indoor research on the substance diffusion, mass transfer and seepage rules of a dense matrix-crack dual medium system and the processes of injecting liquid and gas to improve the recovery ratio.

Description

Method for calculating artificial fracture parameters of compact rock core
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development, relates to calculation of indoor artificial fracture parameters, and particularly relates to a calculation method of artificial fracture parameters of a compact core.
Background
In order to research multiphase and multi-scale seepage characteristics of a compact reservoir after multi-stage fracturing, artificial cracks with different attributes are constructed by adopting a mode of manually cutting a core to make cracks in laboratory simulation, and further the material diffusion, mass transfer and seepage rules in a compact matrix-crack dual medium and the matrix-crack mass transfer mechanism in the process of improving the recovery efficiency by liquid injection and gas injection are searched. Therefore, accurate acquisition of the change rule of fracture parameters (fracture opening, permeability, fracture volume, conductivity and the like) in the experimental process is the key for describing the fluid seepage rule and revealing the enhanced recovery mechanism.
Kun Ma et al, in Low-IFT mining System for Enhanced Oil Recovery in high heterylene/Fractured Oil-well-Hot carbide Reserves (SPE Journal, 2018, 12, 2243-.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for calculating the parameters of the artificial fracture of the compact rock core, which aims to solve the problem that the change rule of the parameters of the rock core fracture in the experimental process cannot be accurately, comprehensively and in real time in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for calculating artificial fracture parameters of a compact rock core includes dividing the compact rock core with artificial fractures to be calculated into three layers, namely an upper layer of the fractures, a lower layer of the fractures and an upper layer of the fractures from top to bottom, marking the three layers as i equal to 1-3, and on the premise that fluid flows in a single direction and horizontally passes through the compact rock core, determining the fracture angle theta and the matrix porosity of the compact rock core
Figure BDA0002394440960000011
Diameter D, matrix Permeability kmAverage permeability of
Figure BDA0002394440960000012
A pressure gradient in the length direction of the compact core
Figure BDA0002394440960000021
And a fluid viscosity μ of a fluid passing through the dense core; the method for calculating the artificial fracture parameters of the compact rock core comprises the following steps:
average flow velocity of fluid in the fracture
Figure BDA0002394440960000022
Wherein h is the crack opening; and when the expression is expressed by the darcy formula,
Figure BDA0002394440960000023
wherein k isfIs the crack permeability;
combining vertical type (1) with formula (2) to obtain
Figure BDA0002394440960000024
The average permeability of the compact core is expressed by a core volume weighting method
Figure BDA0002394440960000025
Figure BDA0002394440960000026
Wherein, ViVolume, k, of any layer of the densified coreiThe permeability of any layer of the compact rock core is obtained;
substituting formula (3) for formula (4) yields:
Figure BDA0002394440960000027
substituting the crack opening h obtained according to the formula (5) into the formula (3) to obtain the crack permeability kf。
As a limitation, the crack angle theta is 0-15 degrees.
As a second definition, the ratio of fracture permeability to matrix permeability is calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0002394440960000028
as a third limitation, it is possible to,
the total flow rate q is the flow rate q of each layer of the compact rock coreiSum, i.e. q ═ Σ qiFormula (7);
from the formula (7), υ A ═ Σ υiAi-formula (8) wherein upsilon is the total flux, upsiloniFlux of any layer of the compact core, A is the total cross-sectional area of the compact core, A isiThe cross section area of any layer of the compact rock core;
the simultaneous darcy formula and the formula (8) to obtain
Figure BDA0002394440960000031
Wherein k isiThe permeability of any layer of core;
the flow rate of the upper layer of the fracture is equal to the flow rate of the lower layer of the fracture,
and then according to the formula (7), the formula (9) and the Darcy formula, the matrix flow of the upper layer of the crack and the matrix flow of the lower layer of the crack are as follows:
Figure BDA0002394440960000032
according to the formula (7), the formula (9) and the Darcy formula, the flow rate of the crack
Figure BDA0002394440960000033
Further, differences in fracture and matrix flowback capabilities
Figure BDA0002394440960000035
As a further limitation, the difference in the number of times the fluid impinges on the fracture and the matrix
Figure BDA0002394440960000036
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical progress that:
the calculation method provided by the invention can accurately, comprehensively and real-timely acquire various parameters and change rules of the artificial cracks of the compact rock core in the experimental process. The calculated fracture parameters include: the crack opening, the permeability, the matrix crack conductivity ratio, the matrix crack permeability ratio and the matrix crack spread multiple ratio are obtained, and the change rule of the crack property along with the pressure gradient is obtained. The method is simple in calculation method and accurate in result.
The calculation method is suitable for various parameters of the crack with an inclination angle of 0-15 degrees, and the parameters have practical significance for indoor research on the substance diffusion, mass transfer and seepage rules of the dense matrix-crack dual medium system and the processes of liquid injection and gas injection for improving the recovery ratio.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a core of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a core in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an experimental apparatus used in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the opening of a crack and the confining pressure in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the ratio of fracture to matrix permeability versus confining pressure in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of fracture permeability versus confining pressure for example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the difference in conductivity between the fracture and the matrix in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the relationship of the difference in the number of fluid swept fractures and matrix times for cores.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and do not limit the present invention.
The compact rock core with the cracks is divided into an upper layer of the cracks, the cracks and a lower layer of the cracks from top to bottom, and the upper layer, the cracks and the lower layer are numbered 1-3 in sequence respectively, and refer to fig. 1.
Example 1-8 calculation method of Artificial fracture parameters of compact rock core
Taking a compact rock core with artificial cracks, measuring the diameter D of the compact rock core with the artificial cracks of 3.8cm and the length of the compact rock core with the artificial cracks of 9.0cm by a liquid measuring method, and knowing the matrix permeability k of the rock core by referring to figure 2m0.13mD, porosity of matrix
Figure BDA0002394440960000041
Figure BDA0002394440960000041
15%, and the crack inclination angle θ was 0 °.
Placing the compact rock core with artificial cracks in an experimental device, and measuring the ring pressure P around the rock core and the average permeability of the crack rock core by referring to figure 3 in a schematic diagram of the experimental device
Figure BDA0002394440960000042
7.36mD, the fluid passing through the dense core was water, and the fluid viscosity, μ, was 1.
In the calculation method, the fluid flows in a single direction and horizontally passes through the rock core, and the following calculation processes are sequentially carried out:
first, the average flow velocity of the fluid in the fracture
Figure BDA0002394440960000051
Wherein h is the crack opening;
and when the expression is expressed by the darcy formula,
Figure BDA0002394440960000052
wherein k isfIs the crack permeability;
combining the vertical type (1) and the formula (2) to obtain
Figure BDA0002394440960000053
Secondly, the average permeability of the compact core is expressed by adopting a core volume weighting method
Figure BDA0002394440960000054
Figure BDA0002394440960000055
Wherein, ViVolume of any compacted core, kiThe permeability of any layer of compact rock core;
the crack opening h is obtained by substituting formula (3) for formula (4) to obtain formula (5):
Figure BDA0002394440960000056
wherein k is1＝k3＝km，k2＝kf；
The measured corresponding parameter value is substituted into the formula (5), and the obtained crack opening h is calculated.
Finally, the obtained crack opening h is substituted into formula (3) to obtain crack permeability kf。
Setting the ratio R of the fracture of the core to the permeability of the matrixkIs composed of
Figure BDA0002394440960000057
Substitution into the matrix permeability km0.13mD and the determined crack permeability kfAnd calculating the ratio R of the crack of the rock core to the matrix permeabilityk。
The total flow q is the flow q of each layer of compact rock coreiSum, i.e. q ═ Σ qiFormula (7);
from formula (7), υ a ═ Σ υ can be obtainediAi-formula (8), wherein upsilon is the total flux, upsiloniFlux of any layer of compact core, A is total cross-sectional area of the compact core, AiThe cross section area of any layer of compact rock core;
the formula of simultaneous Darcy and the formula (8) can be obtained
Figure BDA0002394440960000061
Wherein k isiThe permeability of any layer of core;
because the cracks in the compact core are artificial cracks, the flow of the upper layer of the cracks is equal to the flow of the lower layer of the cracks,
and then according to the formula (7), the formula (9) and the Darcy formula, the matrix flow of the upper layer of the crack and the matrix flow of the lower layer of the crack are as follows:
Figure BDA0002394440960000062
and wherein k1And k3Permeability k of homogeneous and matrixmAnd when the measured flow rate is equal to 0.13mD and the measured flow rate is substituted into corresponding parameter values of other measurements, the flow rate of the crack is as follows according to the formula (7), the formula (9) and the Darcy formula:
Figure BDA0002394440960000063
substituting the formula (10), the formula (11) and the corresponding measured parameter values and the crack opening h from 13.73 μm to the formula (12),
Figure BDA0002394440960000064
pressure gradient in length direction of compact core
Figure BDA0002394440960000065
Due to the difference R in calculating the fracture and matrix conductivity of the compact rock corecThe process cancels out up and down, so no measurement is needed.
Obtaining the difference R of the flow conductivity of the crack and the matrix of the compact rock corec＝55.19。
Figure BDA0002394440960000066
And finally substituting corresponding parameter values according to the formula (13) to obtain the difference N of the fluid wave, the fracture and the matrix times of the rock coresweep＝17896。
Examples 1 to 8 are methods for calculating artificial fracture parameters of a dense core, which have the same steps as the above steps except for the difference in process parameters, and are specifically shown in table 1:
table 1 examples 1-8 table of process parameters at an angle of inclination θ of 0 °
Figure BDA0002394440960000071
Drawing a relation graph of the crack opening and the ring pressure according to the table 1, and referring to fig. 4, it can be known that the crack opening gradually becomes smaller and the reduction amplitude gradually decreases as the ring pressure increases;
drawing a relation graph of the ratio of the permeability of the fracture to the permeability of the matrix and the ring pressure according to the table 1, and referring to fig. 5, it can be known that the ratio of the permeability of the fracture to the permeability of the matrix gradually becomes smaller and the reduction amplitude gradually decreases as the ring pressure increases;
drawing a relation graph of the crack permeability and the ring pressure according to the table 1, and referring to fig. 6, it can be known that the crack permeability is gradually reduced and the reduction amplitude is gradually reduced with the increase of the ring pressure;
drawing a relation graph of the difference of the conductivity of the fracture and the matrix according to the table 1, and referring to fig. 7, it can be known that the difference of the conductivity of the fracture and the matrix gradually becomes smaller and the reduction amplitude gradually decreases with the increase of the ring pressure;
a relationship diagram of the difference between the fluid swept fracture and the matrix frequency of the core is drawn according to table 1, and referring to fig. 8, it can be known that the difference between the fluid swept fracture and the matrix frequency of the core gradually decreases and the decrease amplitude gradually decreases as the ring pressure increases.
The calculation method is suitable for measuring various parameters of the core without the angle fracture, and the parameters have practical significance for indoor research of the material diffusion, mass transfer and seepage rules of the dense matrix-fracture dual medium system and the processes of liquid injection and gas injection for improving the recovery ratio.
Example 9-11 calculation method of Artificial fracture parameters of compact rock core
Examples 9 to 11 are methods for calculating the artificial fracture parameters of the dense core, and the steps are substantially the same as those in example 1, except for the differences in the process parameters, which are specifically shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 summary of the process parameters of examples 9-11
Figure BDA0002394440960000081
The contents of other portions of examples 9 to 11 are the same as those of example 1.
The calculation method of the embodiment 9-11 is suitable for measuring various parameters of the crack with a corresponding angle (0-15 degrees), and the parameters have practical significance for indoor research on the material diffusion, mass transfer and seepage rules of the dense matrix-crack dual medium system and the process of improving the recovery ratio by liquid injection and gas injection.
The embodiments 1 to 11 are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and those skilled in the art can not use the above technical content as a teaching to make changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and still fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims (5)

1. A method for calculating artificial fracture parameters of a compact rock core is characterized in that the compact rock core with artificial fractures to be calculated is divided into three layers, namely an upper layer of the fractures, a lower layer of the fractures and an upper layer of the fractures from top to bottom, the three layers are marked as i being 1-3, on the premise that fluid flows in a single direction and horizontally passes through the compact rock core, the fracture angle theta and the matrix porosity of the compact rock core are calculated
Figure FDA0002394440950000011
Diameter D, matrix Permeability kmAverage permeability of
Figure FDA0002394440950000012
A pressure gradient in the length direction of the compact core
Figure FDA0002394440950000013
And a fluid viscosity μ of a fluid passing through the dense core; the method for calculating the artificial fracture parameters of the compact rock core comprises the following steps:
averaging of fluids in the fractureFlow rate of flow
Figure FDA0002394440950000014
Wherein h is the crack opening; and when the expression is expressed by the darcy formula,
Figure FDA0002394440950000015
wherein k isfIs the crack permeability;
combining vertical type (1) with formula (2) to obtain
Figure FDA0002394440950000016
The average permeability of the compact core is expressed by a core volume weighting method
Figure FDA0002394440950000017
Figure FDA0002394440950000018
Wherein, ViVolume, k, of any layer of the densified coreiThe permeability of any layer of the compact rock core is obtained;
substituting formula (3) for formula (4) yields:
Figure FDA0002394440950000019
substituting the crack opening h obtained according to the formula (5) into the formula (3) to obtain the crack permeability kf。
2. The method for calculating the parameters of the artificial tight core fracture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fracture angle θ is 0-15 °.
3. The method for calculating the artificial fracture parameters of the dense core according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio of the fracture permeability to the matrix permeability is calculated as follows:
Figure FDA0002394440950000021
4. the method for calculating the tight core artificial fracture parameters according to claim 1 or 2,
the total flow rate q is the flow rate q of each layer of the compact rock coreiSum, i.e. q ═ Σ qiFormula (7);
from the formula (7), υ A ═ Σ υiAi-formula (8) wherein upsilon is the total flux, upsiloniFlux of any layer of the compact core, A is the total cross-sectional area of the compact core, A isiThe cross section area of any layer of the compact rock core;
the simultaneous darcy formula and the formula (8) to obtain
Figure FDA0002394440950000023
Wherein k isiThe permeability of any layer of core;
the flow rate of the upper layer of the fracture is equal to the flow rate of the lower layer of the fracture,
and then according to the formula (7), the formula (9) and the Darcy formula, the matrix flow of the upper layer of the crack and the matrix flow of the lower layer of the crack are as follows:
Figure FDA0002394440950000024
according to the formula (7), the formula (9) and the Darcy formula, the flow rate of the crack
Figure FDA0002394440950000025
Further, differences in fracture and matrix flowback capabilities
Figure FDA0002394440950000027
5. The method for calculating the tight core artificial fracture parameters according to claim 4, wherein the flow isDifference in frequency of body wave and cracks and matrix
Figure FDA0002394440950000028
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