CN111272234A - Open channel flowmeter for monitoring flow of rectangular channel and flow measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Open channel flowmeter for monitoring flow of rectangular channel and flow measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111272234A CN111272234A CN202010280773.5A CN202010280773A CN111272234A CN 111272234 A CN111272234 A CN 111272234A CN 202010280773 A CN202010280773 A CN 202010280773A CN 111272234 A CN111272234 A CN 111272234A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/002—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow wherein the flow is in an open channel
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an open channel flowmeter for monitoring the flow of a rectangular channel and a flow measuring method thereof. The flow measuring method comprises the following steps: s1, constructing a three-section flow measurement environment of the rectangular channel; s2, the control module sends out control instructions to control the upstream and downstream side pressure water level monitors to monitor the time interval deltatSynchronously acquiring water level data of an upstream side monitoring section Ls and water level data of a downstream side monitoring section Lx according to a set acquisition frequency; and S3, calculating the overflow of the monitored section Le. The invention breaks through the traditional flow measurement method, and monitors and calculates the average flow of the monitored section according to energy conservation and a channel continuous equation by the changes of the upstream and downstream water levels of the monitored section of the channel caused by the action of the channel water flow form monitoring device arranged at the position of the monitored section and the side wall of the channel. Has a measuring essenceHigh degree, simple installation and flow measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of open channel flow monitoring, in particular to an open channel flow meter for monitoring the flow of a rectangular channel and a flow measuring method thereof.
Background
The accurate monitoring of the flow of the water delivery open channel is the basis of water conservation in an irrigation area, the current means for monitoring and measuring the flow of the water delivery open channel mainly comprises a flow velocity area method, the core of the method is to monitor the average flow velocity of an overflowing section, and the methods for measuring the flow velocity comprise an electromagnetic method, an ultrasonic wave (time difference method), a Doppler method and a building flow measurement method. The electromagnetic method has the defect that the flow measurement limit of a large section is difficult to break through; the Doppler method is mainly used for measuring the strip flow velocity, and the accuracy is low; the flow is measured by an ultrasonic time difference method, and the adopted multichannel flow measuring equipment has strict requirements on field installation and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an open channel flowmeter for monitoring the flow of a rectangular channel, which has high measurement precision and is convenient to install, and the invention also aims to provide a flow measuring method of the open channel flowmeter.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to an open channel flowmeter for monitoring the flow of a rectangular channel, which consists of a channel water flow form monitoring device arranged in the rectangular channel and a flow monitoring controller arranged outside the rectangular channel; the channel water flow form monitoring device comprises an adherence vertical plate connected with the side wall of the channel, and a water facing side vertical plate and a back water side vertical plate connected with the adherence vertical plate; the water-facing side vertical plate, the water-backing side vertical plate and the wall-adhering vertical plate form a vertical cylinder with an isosceles triangle-shaped cross section, filter holes for eliminating water flow disturbance are formed in the surfaces of the water-facing side vertical plate and the water-backing side vertical plate, and a base is arranged at the lower cylinder opening of the vertical cylinder; a partition plate is arranged in the vertical cylinder to divide an inner cavity of the vertical cylinder into an upstream side cylinder cavity and a downstream side cylinder cavity, the cross sections of the upstream side cylinder cavity and the downstream side cylinder cavity are right-angled triangles, an upstream side vertical pipe and a downstream side vertical pipe are respectively arranged in the upstream side cylinder cavity and the downstream side cylinder cavity, and the peripheral surfaces of the upstream side vertical pipe and the downstream side vertical pipe are respectively provided with a filtering hole for eliminating water flow disturbance; the base is provided with an upstream side pressure water level monitor and a downstream side pressure water level monitor in an upstream side vertical pipe and a downstream side vertical pipe respectively, control interfaces of the upstream side pressure water level monitor and the downstream side pressure water level monitor are led out from an upper cylinder opening of the vertical cylinder through cables, and the control interfaces are connected with the flow monitoring controller through cables.
The flow monitoring controller includes:
the basic parameter input control module is used for inputting the width of the rectangular channel, the water blocking width of the vertical cylinder and monitoring control parameters and storing the parameters in a memory;
the control module is used for sending a control instruction, controlling the upstream side pressure water level monitor and the downstream side pressure water level monitor to synchronously acquire the cross section water levels of the channels monitored by the upstream side pressure water level monitor and the downstream side pressure water level monitor in a set monitoring time period according to a set acquisition frequency, and calculating the average water level in the set monitoring time period and the area of the overflow cross section of the average water level;
and the instantaneous flow monitoring and calculating module is used for calculating the instantaneous average flow of the monitored section in the set monitoring time period and calculating the average flow of the monitored section in the set monitoring time period.
The filtering holes arranged on the surfaces of the water facing side vertical plate and the back water side vertical plate and the peripheral surfaces of the upper side vertical pipe and the downstream side vertical pipe are rectangular vertical holes.
Openings are respectively arranged on the bottom pipe body walls of the upper and the downstream side vertical pipes, so that the canal water can smoothly enter the upper and the downstream side vertical pipes.
The flow measuring method of the open channel flowmeter comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing the three-section flow measurement environment of the rectangular channel:
the method is characterized in that the channel side wall of a specified monitored section Le in a channel is provided with the open channel flowmeter, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1.1, placing the base of the vertical cylinder at the bottom of a channel, overlapping the partition plate in the vertical cylinder with the monitored section Le, fixing the wall-attached vertical plate with the side wall of the channel, and extending the upper cylinder opening of the vertical cylinder out of the upper part of the channel;
s1.2, setting the vertical edge at the upstream side of the vertical plate at the water facing side as an upstream side monitoring breakA surface Ls, wherein the downstream side vertical edge of the backwater side vertical plate is set as a downstream side monitoring section Lx; the upstream side pressure water level monitor is used for setting the monitoring time interval deltatAcquiring the water level of the upstream side monitoring section Ls according to the set acquisition frequency, wherein the downstream side pressure water level monitor is used for monitoring the time interval deltatCollecting the water level of the downstream side monitoring section Lx according to the set collection frequency;
s2, the control module sends out a control instruction to control the upstream and downstream side pressure water level monitors to set the monitoring time interval deltatSynchronously acquiring the water level data of the upstream side monitoring section Ls and the water level data of the downstream side monitoring section Lx according to the set acquisition frequency, and calculating the water level data in the set monitoring time interval deltatAverage water level hs data of inner upstream side monitoring section Ls, average water level hx data of downstream side monitoring section Lx, and average water passing area of monitored section Le
Data, average water passing area of upstream side monitoring section Ls
Data, average water passing area of downstream side monitoring section Lx
Data; wherein the average water passing area of the monitored cross section Le
Equal to the average water passing area of the upstream side monitoring section Ls
Subtracting the water blocking area of a channel water flow form monitoring device (vertical cylinder) below the average water level hs of the upstream side monitoring section Ls;
s3, calculating the overflow of the monitored section Le:
the control module obtains the average water level hs data,Average water level hx data and average water passing area
Data, mean water flow area
Data and mean water flow area
The data is output to an instantaneous flow monitoring and calculating module which deduces delta based on the parameters according to the three-section energy conservation principletThe time interval average flow calculation method comprises the following steps:
according to the principle of energy conservation of three sections, the instantaneous average total energy E of the upstream side monitoring section LsLSSubtracting the instantaneous average total energy E of the downstream monitoring section LxLxEqual to the mean momentum change Δ E of the monitored section LeLxWherein:
simultaneously according to channel water flow continuous equation Qs=Qx=QeComprises the following steps:
thereby obtaining
；
QsUpstream side monitoring section Ls at ΔtAverage flow over a period of time;
Qxdownstream side monitoring profile Lx at ΔtAverage flow over a period of time;
Qethe monitored cross section Le is at deltatAverage flow over a period of time;
m : Δtthe average mass of water flow flowing through three sections of Ls, Le and Lx in a time interval;
Vsupstream side monitoring section Ls at ΔtAverage flow rate over a period of time;
Vxdownstream side monitoring profile Lx at ΔtAverage flow rate over a period of time;
Vethe monitored cross section Le is at deltatAverage flow rate over a period of time;
g-acceleration of gravity.
In the S2, the set monitoring period Δ t is selected from 5 seconds to 60 seconds, the collection frequency is 2 to 3 times per second, and the average water level hs data of the upstream side monitoring section Ls and the average water level hx data of the downstream side monitoring section Lx are calculated once per monitoring period t; and when calculating the average water level hs data and the average water level hx data, respectively removing a maximum value and a minimum value and then taking an average value.
The invention breaks through the traditional flow measurement method, and monitors and calculates the average flow of the monitored section through the energy conservation and the channel continuous equation by the changes of the upstream and downstream water levels of the monitored section of the channel caused by the action of the channel water flow form monitoring device arranged at the position of the monitored section and the side wall of the channel. The method eliminates errors caused by energy conversion of the traditional flow measurement mode energy conversion device, does not need parameter calibration, and has the advantages of high measurement precision and simple and convenient installation and flow measurement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the open channel water flow pattern monitoring device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the upstream side riser (or downstream side riser) according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the channel water flow pattern monitoring device of the present invention arranged in a rectangular channel.
FIG. 5 is a schematic elevation view of a channel water flow pattern monitoring device of the present invention disposed in a rectangular channel.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the circuit control system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a flow chart of the flow measurement method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are provided, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the open channel flowmeter for monitoring the flow rate of the rectangular channel according to the present invention comprises a channel water flow pattern monitoring device disposed in the rectangular channel and a flow rate monitoring controller disposed outside the rectangular channel.
The channel water flow form monitoring device comprises an adherence vertical plate 2 connected with the channel side wall 1, a water facing side vertical plate 3 and a back water side vertical plate 4 connected with the adherence vertical plate 2; the water-facing side vertical plate 3, the backwater side vertical plate 4 and the wall-adhering vertical plate 2 form a vertical cylinder with an isosceles triangle-shaped cross section, as shown in fig. 2.
Filter holes 5.1 used for eliminating water flow disturbance are respectively and uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the upstream side vertical plate 3 and the downstream side vertical plate 4, and the filter holes 5.1 are of rectangular vertical hole structures, so that the water flow disturbance is easier to eliminate. A base 6 is arranged at the lower opening of the vertical cylinder; a partition plate 7 is arranged in the vertical cylinder to divide an inner cavity of the vertical cylinder into an upstream side cylinder cavity 8 and a downstream side cylinder cavity 9 with right-angled triangle cross sections, an upstream side vertical pipe 10 and a downstream side vertical pipe 11 are respectively arranged in the upstream side cylinder cavity 8 and the downstream side cylinder cavity 9, filtering holes 5.2 used for eliminating water flow disturbance are respectively formed in the peripheral surfaces of the upstream side vertical pipe 10 and the downstream side vertical pipe 11, and the filtering holes 5.2 are of rectangular vertical hole structures, so that the water flow disturbance is easier to eliminate; the bottom tube body walls of the upstream side vertical tube 10 and the downstream side vertical tube 11 are respectively provided with openings 12 so that the canal water can smoothly enter the upstream side vertical tube 10 and the downstream side vertical tube 11.
An upstream side pressure water level monitor 13 and a downstream side pressure water level monitor 14 are respectively arranged in the upper side vertical pipe 10 and the lower side vertical pipe 11 on the base 6, control interfaces and power interfaces of the upper side pressure water level monitor 13 and the downstream side pressure water level monitor 14 are respectively led out from an upper cylinder opening of the vertical cylinder through cables, and the control interface cables are connected with a flow monitoring controller.
As shown in fig. 6, the flow rate monitoring controller includes: the basic parameter input control module is used for inputting the width of the rectangular channel, the water blocking width of the vertical cylinder and monitoring control parameters (monitoring time period and acquisition frequency) and storing the parameters in the memory; the control module is used for sending a control instruction, controlling the upstream and downstream side pressure water level monitors 13 and 14 to synchronously acquire the cross section water levels of the channels monitored by the upstream and downstream side pressure water level monitors within a set monitoring time period according to a set acquisition frequency, and calculating the average water level within the set monitoring time period and the area of the overflow cross section under the average water level; and the instantaneous flow monitoring and calculating module is used for calculating the average flow of the monitored section within a set monitoring time period.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the flow measuring method of the open channel flow meter according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, constructing the three-section flow measurement environment of the rectangular channel:
an open channel flowmeter is arranged on the channel side wall 1 of a specified monitored section Le in a channel 15, and the steps are as follows:
s1.1, placing a base 6 of a vertical cylinder at the bottom of a channel, overlapping a partition plate 7 in the vertical cylinder with a monitored section Le, fixing an adherence vertical plate 2 with the side wall of the channel, and extending an upper cylinder opening of the vertical cylinder above the channel 15;
s1.2, setting the section where the upstream side vertical edge 16 of the water facing side vertical plate 3 is located as an upstream side monitoring section Ls, and setting the section where the downstream side vertical edge 17 of the water backing side vertical plate 4 is located as a downstream side monitoring section Lx; the upstream side pressure water level monitor 13 is used for a set monitoring period deltatThe water level of the upstream side monitoring section Ls is acquired according to a set acquisition frequency, and the downstream side pressure water level monitor 14 is used for monitoring the set monitoring time interval deltatCollecting the water level of the downstream side monitoring section Lx according to a set collection frequency;
s2, the control module sends out control instructions to control the upstream and downstream side pressure water level monitors 13 and 14 to be in a set monitoring time interval deltatAccording to settingAcquiring frequency, synchronously acquiring water level data of an upstream side monitoring section Ls and water level data of a downstream side monitoring section Lx, and calculating a set monitoring time interval deltatAverage water level hs data of inner upstream side monitoring section Ls, average water level hx data of downstream side monitoring section Lx, and average water passing area of monitored section Le
Data, average water passing area of upstream side monitoring section Ls
Data, average water passing area of downstream side monitoring section Lx
Data; wherein the average water passing area of the monitored cross section Le
Equal to the average water passing area of the upstream side monitoring section Ls
Subtracting the vertical cylinder water-blocking area below the average water level hs of the upstream monitoring section Ls (the vertical cylinder water-blocking area is the projection area of the vertical plate 3 on the water-facing side below the average water level hs of the monitoring section Ls and vertical to the channel axis);
s3, calculating the overflow of the monitored section Le:
the control module obtains the average water level hs data, the average water level hx data and the average water passing area
Data, mean water flow area
Data and mean water flow area
Data output to the instantThe flow monitoring and calculating module and the instantaneous flow monitoring and calculating module derive delta based on the parameters according to the three-section energy conservation principletThe time interval average flow calculation method comprises the following steps:
according to the principle of energy conservation of three sections, the instantaneous average total energy E of the upstream side monitoring section LsLSSubtracting the instantaneous average total energy E of the downstream monitoring section LxLxEqual to the mean momentum change Δ E of the monitored section LeLxWherein:
simultaneously according to channel water flow continuous equation Qs=Qx=QeComprises the following steps:
thereby obtaining
；
QsUpstream side monitoring section Ls at ΔtAverage flow over a period of time;
Qxdownstream side monitoring profile Lx at ΔtAverage flow over a period of time;
Qethe monitored cross section Le is at deltatAverage flow over a period of time;
m : Δtthe average mass of water flow flowing through three sections of Ls, Le and Lx in a time interval;
Vsupstream side monitoring section Ls at ΔtAverage flow rate over a period of time;
Vxdownstream side monitoring profile Lx at ΔtAverage flow rate over a period of time;
Vethe monitored cross section Le is at deltatAverage flow rate over a period of time;
g-acceleration of gravity.
In S2, the set monitoring period Δ t is selected between 5 seconds and 60 seconds, the collection frequency is 2-3 times per second, and the average water level hs data of the upstream side monitoring section Ls and the average water level hx data of the downstream side monitoring section Lx are calculated once every monitoring period t; when calculating the average water level hs data and the average water level hx data, a maximum value and a minimum value are respectively removed and then an average value is obtained.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an open channel flowmeter for monitoring of rectangle channel flow which characterized in that: the device comprises a channel water flow form monitoring device arranged in a rectangular channel and a flow monitoring controller arranged outside the rectangular channel; the channel water flow form monitoring device comprises an adherence vertical plate connected with the side wall of the channel, and a water facing side vertical plate and a back water side vertical plate connected with the adherence vertical plate; the water-facing side vertical plate, the water-backing side vertical plate and the wall-adhering vertical plate form a vertical cylinder with an isosceles triangle-shaped cross section, filter holes for eliminating water flow disturbance are formed in the surfaces of the water-facing side vertical plate and the water-backing side vertical plate, and a base is arranged at the lower cylinder opening of the vertical cylinder; a partition plate is arranged in the vertical cylinder to divide an inner cavity of the vertical cylinder into an upstream side cylinder cavity and a downstream side cylinder cavity, the cross sections of the upstream side cylinder cavity and the downstream side cylinder cavity are right-angled triangles, an upstream side vertical pipe and a downstream side vertical pipe are respectively arranged in the upstream side cylinder cavity and the downstream side cylinder cavity, and the peripheral surfaces of the upstream side vertical pipe and the downstream side vertical pipe are respectively provided with a filtering hole for eliminating water flow disturbance; the base is provided with an upstream side pressure water level monitor and a downstream side pressure water level monitor in an upstream side vertical pipe and a downstream side vertical pipe respectively, control interfaces of the upstream side pressure water level monitor and the downstream side pressure water level monitor are led out from an upper cylinder opening of the vertical cylinder through cables, and the control interfaces are connected with the flow monitoring controller through cables.
2. The open channel flow meter for rectangular channel flow monitoring of claim 1, wherein: the flow monitoring controller includes:
the basic parameter input control module is used for inputting the width of the rectangular channel, the water blocking width of the vertical cylinder and monitoring control parameters and storing the parameters in a memory;
the control module is used for sending a control instruction, controlling the upstream side pressure water level monitor and the downstream side pressure water level monitor to synchronously acquire the cross section water levels of the channels monitored by the upstream side pressure water level monitor and the downstream side pressure water level monitor in a set monitoring time period according to a set acquisition frequency, and calculating the average water level in the set monitoring time period and the area of the overflow cross section of the average water level;
and the instantaneous flow monitoring and calculating module is used for calculating the instantaneous average flow of the monitored section in the set monitoring time period and calculating the average flow of the monitored section in the set monitoring time period.
3. The open channel flow meter for rectangular channel flow monitoring of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the filtering holes arranged on the surfaces of the water facing side vertical plate and the back water side vertical plate and the peripheral surfaces of the upper side vertical pipe and the downstream side vertical pipe are rectangular vertical holes.
4. The open channel flow meter for rectangular channel flow monitoring of claim 1 or 2, wherein: openings are respectively arranged on the bottom pipe body walls of the upper and the downstream side vertical pipes, so that the canal water can smoothly enter the upper and the downstream side vertical pipes.
5. The method of flow measurement of an open channel flow meter according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing the three-section flow measurement environment of the rectangular channel:
the channel water flow form monitoring device is arranged on the side wall of the channel at the appointed monitored section Le in the channel and comprises the following steps:
s1.1, placing the base of the vertical cylinder at the bottom of a channel, overlapping the partition plate in the vertical cylinder with the monitored section Le, fixing the wall-attached vertical plate with the side wall of the channel, and extending the upper cylinder opening of the vertical cylinder out of the upper part of the channel;
s1.2, setting the vertical edge at the upstream side of the vertical plate at the water facing side as an upstream side monitoring section Ls, and setting the downstream of the vertical plate at the back water sideThe side vertical edge is a downstream side monitoring section Lx; the upstream side pressure water level monitor is used for setting the monitoring time interval deltatAcquiring the water level of the upstream side monitoring section Ls according to the set acquisition frequency, wherein the downstream side pressure water level monitor is used for monitoring the time interval deltatCollecting the water level of the downstream side monitoring section Lx according to the set collection frequency;
s2, the control module sends out a control instruction to control the upstream and downstream side pressure water level monitors to set the monitoring time interval deltatSynchronously acquiring the water level data of the upstream side monitoring section Ls and the water level data of the downstream side monitoring section Lx according to the set acquisition frequency, and calculating the water level data in the set monitoring time interval deltatAverage water level hs data of inner upstream side monitoring section Ls, average water level hx data of downstream side monitoring section Lx, and average water passing area of monitored section Le
Data, average water passing area of upstream side monitoring section Ls
Data, average water passing area of downstream side monitoring section Lx
Data; wherein the average water passing area of the monitored cross section Le
Equal to the average water passing area of the upstream side monitoring section Ls
Subtracting the water blocking area of the channel water flow form monitoring device below the average water level hs of the upstream side monitoring section Ls;
s3, calculating the overflow of the monitored section Le:
the control module obtains the average water level hs data and averageWater level hx data, average water passing area
Data, mean water flow area
Data and mean water flow area
The data is output to an instantaneous flow monitoring and calculating module which deduces delta based on the parameters according to the three-section energy conservation principletThe time interval average flow calculation method comprises the following steps:
according to the principle of energy conservation of three sections, the instantaneous average total energy E of the upstream side monitoring section LsLSSubtracting the instantaneous average total energy E of the downstream monitoring section LxLxEqual to the mean momentum change Δ E of the monitored section LeLxWherein:
simultaneously according to channel water flow continuous equation Qs=Qx=QeComprises the following steps:
thereby obtaining
；
QsUpstream side monitoring section Ls at ΔtAverage flow over a period of time;
Qxdownstream side monitoring profile Lx at ΔtAverage flow over a period of time;
Qethe monitored cross section Le is at deltatAverage flow over a period of time;
m : Δtthe average mass of water flow flowing through three sections of Ls, Le and Lx in a time interval;
Vsupstream side monitoring section Ls at ΔtAverage flow rate over a period of time;
Vxdownstream side monitoring profile Lx at ΔtAverage flow rate over a period of time;
Vethe monitored cross section Le is at deltatAverage flow rate over a period of time;
g-acceleration of gravity.
6. The method of monitoring an open channel flow meter of claim 5, wherein: in the S2, the set monitoring period Δ t is selected from 5 seconds to 60 seconds, the collection frequency is 2 to 3 times per second, and the average water level hs data of the upstream side monitoring section Ls and the average water level hx data of the downstream side monitoring section Lx are calculated once per monitoring period t; and when calculating the average water level hs data and the average water level hx data, respectively removing a maximum value and a minimum value and then taking an average value.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114543903A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-27 | 水利部水土保持监测中心 | Portable torque type flow measuring device and flow measuring method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114543903A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-27 | 水利部水土保持监测中心 | Portable torque type flow measuring device and flow measuring method |
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