CN111270153A - Steel with thickness of 6mm for nuclear power containment and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Steel with thickness of 6mm for nuclear power containment and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111270153A CN111270153A CN202010240015.0A CN202010240015A CN111270153A CN 111270153 A CN111270153 A CN 111270153A CN 202010240015 A CN202010240015 A CN 202010240015A CN 111270153 A CN111270153 A CN 111270153A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B2001/225—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length by hot-rolling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses steel for a 6mm thick nuclear power containment and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the steel adopts a low C, Mn component series design, does not add alloy components, ensures the stability of yield strength and simultaneously considers the irradiation effect. The manufacturing method optimizes the blank material type, realizes effective control of the length of the rolled piece in the rolling process, and avoids large temperature fluctuation caused by overlong rolled piece. The adoption of an ultra-high temperature heating system ensures that the blank obtains higher temperature during rolling, and ensures that the steel plate has higher finish rolling temperature after the rolling is finished. The control on the rolling process reduces the temperature drop in the process and ensures that the head-tail temperature difference fluctuation of the rolled piece is small. The length of the rolled piece is optimized, the area with poor plate shape is cut off, and the performance uniformity of a sampling position is guaranteed. The 6mm nuclear power steel produced by the method has stable yield strength control, excellent performance, toughness and matching, and completely meets the performance requirements. The qualified rate of the production performance reaches 94%, and the method is completely suitable for industrial batch production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to steel for a nuclear power containment vessel, in particular to steel for a nuclear power containment vessel with the thickness of 6mm and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The nuclear power plant reactor containment structure is important in the construction of nuclear power plants and is referred to as the last nuclear safety barrier. The containment vessel can be divided into steel, reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete according to materials. The second generation or second generation improved nuclear power station and the French standard pressurized water reactor nuclear power station built in China mostly adopt reinforced concrete containment, namely reinforced concrete single-layer containment with thin carbon steel lining, which consists of a cylindrical shell with the inner diameter of more than 30 meters and a hemispherical top. The representative steel grades are mainly 20HR, P265GH, Q265HR and the like, the strength grade is lower 265 grade, and some nuclear power plants are still adopted at present because of the economy. The 6mm carbon steel plate forms the whole closed shell internal environment and bears the stress caused by the temperature change of the in-pile pressure and the environment. Not only the yield strength is required to be more than or equal to 265MPa, but also the average value of the yield strength of the same batch is required to be less than or equal to 353 MPa. Because the upper and lower limits are less than 100MPa, the following problems often occur in the production process: 1. in the rolling process of thin gauge, the temperature drop is fast, so that the head-to-tail temperature difference of a rolled piece is large, and the performance fluctuation is large. 2. During batch production, the requirement that the yield strength is more than or equal to 265MPa in the technical conditions can be generally met, but the average value is often poor in stability and easily exceeds the upper limit value, so that the steel plate is judged, and the production cost is increased. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a production process capable of stabilizing the yield strength of thin-gauge nuclear steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the steel for the nuclear power containment with the thickness of 6mm, the steel has excellent matching of performance, toughness and toughness, and the yield strength is stably controlled.
The invention also aims to provide a manufacturing method of the steel for the nuclear power containment with the thickness of 6mm, which can stabilize the yield strength of the steel for the nuclear power containment with the specification.
The technical scheme is as follows: the steel for the nuclear power containment with the thickness of 6mm comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.09-0.14%, Mn: 0.6 to 1.0%, Si: 0.20-0.50%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, and the balance of Fe and impurities.
The alloy composition design mechanism is as follows:
the steel for nuclear power equipment has particularity in the use environment and needs to bear extremely strong irradiation of a reactor core, so that irradiation embrittlement is caused. Factors affecting radiation embrittlement are many and are mainly divided into external environments and materials themselves. The external environment refers to irradiation temperature, neutron injection amount, and the like, which are difficult to change. The material itself is mainly influenced by the steel quality, in particular the content of alloying elements and residual elements in the steel, which can be improved by the improvement of the smelting and processing techniques. Therefore, strict control of chemical composition is important for steel for nuclear power plants.
In the design of the alloying elements, it is considered that the alloying elements more or less increase the tendency of the steel to radiation embrittlement, but the alloying elements are necessary, i.e., indispensable, for grain refinement, hardenability improvement, and comprehensive property assurance. Therefore, reasonable limitation can only be put on elements in the steel according to the irradiation rule. Meanwhile, the performance requirement that the yield strength of the same batch of steel plates needs to be less than or equal to 353Mpa is also considered, so that alloy elements are not added in addition to basic C, Si, Mn, P and S.
Specifically, C is the most effective element for improving the strength of steel, and as w (C) increases, Fe3C in steel increases, hardenability also increases, and the tensile strength and yield strength of steel increase. The elongation and impact toughness of the steel material decrease, and particularly the decrease in low-temperature toughness is larger in magnitude. In addition, hardening may occur in the weld heat affected zone of the steel material, resulting in the occurrence of weld cold cracking. Therefore, w (C) in the steel for nuclear power equipment is controlled within 0.20% so as to obtain excellent comprehensive performance, and C is controlled within 0.09-0.14 wt.%.
Si is not a deliberately added alloying element but is introduced from scrap and pig iron raw materials during smelting. However, it has been found through studies that the radiation defect recovery ability of the steel is lowered after excessively high w (Si) is added to the steel. This indicates that the high w (Si) content has the effect of stabilizing the irradiation defects, so that the recovery effect is insignificant. As can be seen, Si is harmful to irradiation, so that w (Si) of non-alloy elements is strictly controlled, and Si in the invention is controlled to be 0.20-0.50 wt.%.
Mn is an effective element for enlarging gamma phase, refining crystal grains, spheroidizing carbide, ensuring comprehensive performance and improving hardenability, but experiments show that the Mn has the tendency of increasing irradiation embrittlement; the reason is associated with the Mn lowering the steel Ac3 temperature, increasing the number of thermal peaks that meet the austenitizing temperature, i.e. increasing the micro-domains like being quenched. The Mn content is controlled to be 0.6-1.0 wt.%.
P and S are impurity elements and tend to accelerate irradiation embrittlement. Sensitivity to irradiation is related to P segregation at grain boundaries. The strict restriction is carried out in the smelting process.
Corresponding to the steel for the nuclear power containment with the thickness of 6mm, the manufacturing method adopts the technical scheme that the working procedures comprise molten iron pretreatment → converter smelting → LF + RH refining → continuous casting → blank inspection → blank stacking and cooling → blank heating → blank descaling → rolling → controlled cooling; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the blank material type of the continuous casting process adopts 150-220mm section square blank, and the length of a rolled piece is less than or equal to 30 m;
the blank heating process adopts an ultrahigh temperature heating system, and the temperature is 1250-;
the rolling speed of the rolling procedure is 4.0-5.0m/s, the finishing temperature is 780-830 ℃, and the cooling system is closed all the time in the rolling process.
Furthermore, the small reduction rate is adopted in the last pass of rolling to ensure that the roll gap of the last pass of the rolled piece is more than or equal to 2.0 mm.
Further, when multiple batches of production are carried out continuously, the same set of rollers is used for rolling.
Preferably, the length of the two daughter boards at the head and the tail of each rolled piece is more than or equal to 1200 mm.
And in addition, steel plate sizing is carried out by cutting off unqualified areas of the head and tail plate of the rolled piece. The performance uniformity of the sampling position of the steel plate is ensured.
And the production can be organized in a cogging manner.
Has the advantages that: the steel for the nuclear power containment vessel with the thickness of 6mm is designed by adopting a low C, Mn component series, and alloy components are not added, so that the stability of yield strength is ensured, and the irradiation effect is considered. The manufacturing method optimizes the blank material type, realizes the effective control of the length of the rolled piece in the rolling process, and avoids the larger temperature fluctuation caused by overlong rolled piece. The adoption of an ultra-high temperature heating system ensures that the blank obtains higher temperature during rolling, and ensures that the steel plate has higher finish rolling temperature after the rolling is finished. The control on the rolling process reduces the temperature drop in the process and ensures that the head-tail temperature difference fluctuation of the rolled piece is small. The length of the rolled piece is optimized, the area with poor plate shape is cut off, and the performance uniformity of a sampling position is guaranteed. The 6mm nuclear power steel produced by the method has stable yield strength control, excellent performance, toughness and matching, and completely meets the performance requirements. The qualified rate of the production performance reaches 94%, and the method is completely suitable for industrial batch production.
Detailed Description
The following provides 6 sets of examples and 6 sets of comparative examples to explain in detail the steel for a nuclear power containment vessel with a thickness of 6mm according to the present invention. The chemical composition of each case of steel is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 chemical composition of the steels (balance Fe and impurities)
| Serial number | C | Mn | P | S | Si |
| 1 | 0.14 | 0.8 | 0.018 | 0.008 | 0.3 |
| 2 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.019 | 0.006 | 0.2 |
| 3 | 0.12 | 0.7 | 0.02 | 0.009 | 0.4 |
| 4 | 0.11 | 0.9 | 0.016 | 0.007 | 0.35 |
| 5 | 0.13 | 1 | 0.018 | 0.008 | 0.5 |
| 6 | 0.09 | 0.8 | 0.017 | 0.01 | 0.29 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.15 | 0.9 | 0.018 | 0.009 | 0.42 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.14 | 1.2 | 0.017 | 0.008 | 0.35 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 0.02 | 0.006 | 0.28 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.13 | 0.9 | 0.018 | 0.008 | 0.31 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.12 | 0.7 | 0.015 | 0.007 | 0.46 |
| Comparative example 6 | 0.13 | 0.8 | 0.019 | 0.008 | 0.38 |
Wherein, the component design of the examples 1-6 and the comparative examples 3-6 is carried out according to the requirements of the invention, the content of C in the comparative example 1 exceeds the requirements, and the content of Mn in the comparative example 2 exceeds the requirements.
The manufacturing method comprises the steps of raw material preparation → molten iron pretreatment → converter smelting → LF + RH refining → continuous casting → blank inspection → blank bulk cooling → blank heating → blank descaling → rolling → controlled cooling → inspection → mechanical inspection → warehousing → delivery.
The manufacturing process parameters for each case are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 Steel manufacturing Process parameters
The manufacturing methods of comparative examples 1-2 are also carried out according to the invention, the section of the billet and the length of the rolled piece in comparative example 3 do not meet the requirements, the heating temperature of the billet in comparative example 4 is lower, the length of the rolled piece in comparative example 5 is lower than the requirements of the invention, and the finishing temperature in comparative example 6 is also lower than the requirements of the invention.
The various properties of the above case are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 mechanical Properties of the steels
As shown in the table, the steel plates in the examples 1 to 6 have excellent matching of strength and toughness, uniform head and tail properties, and the average value of yield strength in the same batch meets the technical requirements. The C, Mn contents in comparative examples 1-2 exceed the upper limit requirements respectively, so that the strength performance of the steel plate is higher, and the average value of the yield strength of the same batch exceeds the upper limit of the technical requirements. In the comparative example 3, the section of the blank and the length of the rolled piece do not meet the requirements, so that the temperature is not uniform in the rolling process, the fluctuation of the head and tail properties of the rolled piece is large, and the average value of the yield strength of the same batch does not meet the technical requirements. The heating temperature of the blank in the comparative example 4 is lower than the lower limit requirement of the invention, so that the temperature of a rolled piece is lower in the rolling process, the strength performance of the steel plate is higher, and the average value of the yield strength of the same batch does not meet the technical requirement. The length of the rolled piece length of the comparative example 5 is lower than the lower limit requirement of the invention, so that the area of the head and the tail of the rolled piece, the performance of which is easy to fluctuate, is not cut off, the head and the tail strength of the rolled piece fluctuate, and the impact toughness has a scattered value. The finishing rolling temperature in the comparative example 6 is lower than the design lower limit requirement, so that the strength of the steel plate is higher than the upper limit, and the average value of the yield strength of the same batch does not meet the technical requirement.
Multiple finished products were produced by the above cases, and the statistical performance pass rates are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 percent pass of Properties and plate types
| Percent pass (%) | Without using the technique of the invention | By adopting the technology of the invention | Index improvement |
| Percent Performance pass (%) | 72 | 94 | 22 |
As can be seen from the above table, the method of the invention greatly improves the performance qualification rate and has batch production conditions.
Claims (8)
1. The steel with the thickness of 6mm for the nuclear power containment is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.09-0.14%, Mn: 0.6 to 1.0%, Si: 0.20-0.50%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, and the balance of Fe and impurities.
2. The steel for the 6mm thick nuclear power containment vessel of claim 1, wherein the average value of the yield strength of the same batch is not more than 353 Mpa.
3. The manufacturing method of the steel for the 6mm thick nuclear power containment vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the process comprises molten iron pretreatment → converter smelting → LF + RH refining → continuous casting → billet inspection → billet cooling → billet heating → billet descaling → rolling → controlled cooling; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the blank material type of the continuous casting process adopts 150-220mm section square blank, and the length of a rolled piece is less than or equal to 30 m;
the blank heating process adopts an ultrahigh temperature heating system, and the temperature is 1250-;
the rolling speed of the rolling procedure is 4.0-5.0m/s, the finishing temperature is 780-830 ℃, and the cooling system is closed all the time in the rolling process.
4. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that the final pass of rolling adopts a small reduction rate to ensure that the roll gap of the final pass of rolled pieces is more than or equal to 2.0 mm.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the same set of rolls are used for rolling in successive secondary passes.
6. The manufacturing method of claim 3, wherein the length of the two daughter boards at the head and the tail of each rolled piece is larger than or equal to 1200 mm.
7. The manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein the sizing of the steel sheet is performed by cutting off the defective areas of the head and tail shapes of the rolled piece.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of producing is performed by a cogging method.
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