CN111269573B - One-dimensional nano material reinforced composite material for bionic adhesive pad - Google Patents

One-dimensional nano material reinforced composite material for bionic adhesive pad Download PDF

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CN111269573B
CN111269573B CN202010173155.0A CN202010173155A CN111269573B CN 111269573 B CN111269573 B CN 111269573B CN 202010173155 A CN202010173155 A CN 202010173155A CN 111269573 B CN111269573 B CN 111269573B
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dimensional
reinforced composite
column
adhesive pad
dimensional nano
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CN111269573A (en
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薛龙建
孟凡栋
刘权
史哲坤
谭迪
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Wuhan University WHU
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/005Reinforced macromolecular compounds with nanosized materials, e.g. nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods or nanolayered materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2383/00Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2383/04Polysiloxanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2425/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2425/02Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08J2425/04Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08J2425/06Polystyrene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2483/00Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2483/04Polysiloxanes

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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a one-dimensional nano material reinforced composite material for a bionic adhesive pad, which is characterized in that: the one-dimensional nano materials are arranged and embedded in a cylinder structure provided with a supporting layer according to a certain rule, and the cylinder structure forms an array and is arranged on the supporting layer. The strength of the cylinder structure can be improved by embedding the one-dimensional nano material in the cylinder structure, the stress concentration at the contact interface is reduced, and the material has excellent adhesion performance and friction performance on a rough surface through the synergistic effect of the support layer, the cylinder structure and the one-dimensional nano material. The existence of the one-dimensional nanometer materials distributed in a radial mode can effectively increase the strength of the column structure, change the stress distribution of the tail end of the column and a contact interface, be more favorable for keeping the stability of the column when the column is subjected to transverse friction force, reduce the bending degree of the column structure, enable the column structure to be more resistant to lodging, particularly have better anti-lodging enhancement effect on a column array with high length-diameter ratio, and further improve the adhesion and friction performance of the materials.

Description

One-dimensional nano material reinforced composite material for bionic adhesive pad
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bionic materials, and particularly relates to a one-dimensional nano material reinforced composite material for a bionic adhesive pad.
Background
The material is one of pillars of modern science, in recent years, the bionic micro-nano material gradually arouses the interest of scientists, and a large amount of researches are carried out on the aspects of structure, lubrication, super hydrophobicity, adhesion and the like to prepare the corresponding bionic material. For example, professor Zhaojinjin of southeast university prepares an inverse opal structure color hydrogel organ chip by assembling nano particles; the Beijing aerospace university Chen Huawei professor prepares a micro-nano structure surface by imitating the bottle grass to realize unidirectional spreading of liquid; the university of Zhejiang, chemical engineering and bioengineering academy teaches Baihao and leads a team with the university to imitate the hair structure of a polar bear, and an ordered microporous heat-insulating fabric is developed. The fabric not only is very warm, but also has the special function of 'stealth'. The gecko is a climbing machine prepared by professor Daisy, who is Daisy, by simulating a gecko micro-nano bristle structure.
In social development, it is difficult and serious to improve the performance of materials, and in biology, the performance of the whole structure is changed by designing certain internal materials, such as wood assembled in an internal orientation mode, muscles; the superhard shells with the internal modulus distributed in multiple layers alternately open a new gate for future social development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a one-dimensional nano material reinforced composite material for a bionic adhesive pad, which can effectively enhance the adhesive and friction properties.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
the invention provides a one-dimensional nano material reinforced composite material for a bionic adhesive pad, which is characterized in that: the one-dimensional nano materials are arranged and embedded in a cylinder structure provided with a supporting layer according to a certain rule, wherein the cylinder structure forms an array and is arranged on the supporting layer.
Preferably, the one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad according to the present invention may further have the following characteristics: the shape of the one-dimensional nano material can be any one or a combination of a plurality of smooth columns, columns containing porous structures, tubular columns with hollow interiors, columns with solid interiors and solid exteriors of porous structures, columns with expanded objects at the tail ends and columns with expanded structures in the length direction of the shape of the candied haws; the material of the one-dimensional nano material can be any one or a combination of carbon, silicon dioxide, plastic, rubber, cellulose, resin, metal and ceramic, and the modulus of the one-dimensional nano material is higher than that of a base material forming a column structure.
Preferably, the one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad according to the present invention may further have the following characteristics: the arrangement rule of the one-dimensional nano material is as follows: the column structure is radially distributed from top to bottom or from bottom to top in the height direction of the column structure, or is oriented and arranged in the height direction of the column, and the arrangement direction forms an included angle of 45-135 degrees with the surface of the support layer.
Preferably, the one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad according to the present invention may further have the following characteristics: any one or a combination of several functions of direct chemical bonding, bonding of a connecting agent, physical bonding, mutual winding of molecular chains and structural interlocking exists between the matrix material of the column structure and the one-dimensional nano material.
Preferably, the one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad according to the present invention may further have the following characteristics: under the condition that the one-dimensional nano material is in a porous structure, the matrix material of the cylinder structure permeates into the one-dimensional nano material.
Preferably, the one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad according to the present invention may further have the following characteristics: the one-dimensional nanometer material can dynamically change the self modulus and change the magnitude of the interaction force with the column material under the action of any one or more of light, heat, magnetism, electricity and mechanical force.
Preferably, the one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad according to the present invention may further have the following characteristics: the distribution of the one-dimensional nano material can be limited in the matrix of the column structure and can also extend into the support layer.
Preferably, the one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad according to the present invention may further have the following characteristics: the column structure matrix material can be any one or combination of natural rubber, artificial rubber, polyurethane, polyimide, polyolefin, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, hydrogel, aerogel and oleogel.
Preferably, the one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad according to the present invention may further have the following characteristics: the support layer is of any one or combination of a solid structure or a porous structure, and the support layer formed by combining the solid structure and the porous structure can be partially hollow, partially solid, or hollow and the like when the outermost solid is transited to the root part of the column.
Preferably, the one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad according to the present invention may further have the following characteristics: the base material of the column structure and the material of the supporting layer can be the same or different, and the modulus can be the same or different; when the base material of the column structure is different from the material of the supporting layer, the column structure and the supporting layer are firmly bonded; the column structure and the supporting layer can be processed at one time or can be bonded together after being processed separately.
Action and Effect of the invention
According to the one-dimensional nano material reinforced composite material for the bionic adhesion pad, the one-dimensional nano material is arranged and embedded in the cylinder structure provided with the supporting layer according to a certain rule, the rigid one-dimensional nano material is embedded in the cylinder structure, so that the strength of the cylinder structure can be improved, the stress concentration at a contact interface can be reduced, and the material can have excellent adhesion performance and friction performance on a rough surface through the synergistic effect of the supporting layer, the cylinder structure and the one-dimensional nano material. Furthermore, the existence of the one-dimensional nano materials distributed in a radial mode can effectively increase the strength of the column structure, change the stress distribution of the tail end of the column and a contact interface, be more favorable for keeping the stability of the column when the column is subjected to transverse friction, reduce the bending degree of the column structure, enable the column structure to be more resistant to lodging, particularly have better anti-lodging enhancement effect on a column array with high length-diameter ratio, and further improve the adhesion and friction performance of the materials.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for a biomimetic adhesive pad according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for a biomimetic adhesive pad according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for a biomimetic adhesive pad according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for a biomimetic adhesive pad according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a one-dimensional nanomaterial for a biomimetic adhesive pad according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures mean:
10-in the first embodiment, the one-dimensional nano material reinforced composite material, 11-a support layer, 12-a cylinder structure, 13-a micro-nano reinforcement; 20-in the second embodiment, the one-dimensional nano-material reinforced composite material, 23-the lower end is connected with a polystyrene nano-column with nano-spheres; 30-one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composites in example three, 33-outer porous inner solid polystyrene nanocolumns.
Detailed Description
The one-dimensional nano-material reinforced composite material for the bionic adhesive pad according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
< example one >
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the one-dimensional nanomaterial-reinforced composite material 10 for a biomimetic adhesive pad provided in this embodiment includes a support layer 11, a columnar structure 12, and a one-dimensional nanomaterial 13. The support layer 11 is a porous structure, and the pores are aligned and aligned vertically and horizontally, each pore is circular, has a diameter of about 20 micrometers, and is made of silicon rubber. The pillar structures 12 are formed on the supporting layer 11, and are made of silicon rubber, and the cross section of the pillar structures 12 is circular, and has a diameter of 20 microns and a height of 50 microns. A plurality of pillar structures 12 are stacked on the support layer 11 in a square array, and the distance between adjacent pillar structures 12 is 10 micrometers. The one-dimensional nano material 13 is a rigid solid rod-shaped polystyrene nano column with the diameter of 20 nanometers, and a plurality of polystyrene nano columns are embedded in the column structure 12 and are radially distributed from top to bottom in the height direction of the column structure 12. In this embodiment, the bottom end of the polystyrene nano-pillar extends into the support layer 11, and there is a chemical bond connection between the polystyrene nano-pillar and the support layer 11 and the main body structure 12.
The adhesion and friction tests were performed using a self-made adhesion test apparatus under a load of 1 millinewton.
The bionic adhesive pad embedded with the one-dimensional nano material in the embodiment comprises: the adhesion was 0.5 milli-newtons and the friction was 4.1 milli-newtons.
A bionic adhesive pad which is not embedded with one-dimensional nano materials: the adhesion was 0.3 milli-newtons and the friction was 1.1 milli-newtons.
According to the test data, the adhesion force and the friction force of the bionic adhesion pad embedded with the one-dimensional nano material are obviously greater than those of the bionic adhesion pad not embedded with the one-dimensional nano material, the cylinder structure is made of a silicon rubber soft material and is favorable for adhesion, the polystyrene embedded inside is well combined with the silicon rubber substrate and the supporting layer, the silicon rubber is directionally enhanced, the strength of the cylinder structure is improved, the wear resistance of the cylinder structure is improved, the stress concentration of the tail end and the contact surface of the cylinder structure is further reduced, in addition, the polystyrene distributed in a radial mode enables the cylinder structure to be more stable and not easy to bend when the cylinder structure is subjected to the friction force, and the adhesion and the friction performance are favorably improved. The porous supporting layer can absorb redundant energy in the debonding process, and the adhesion force is further increased, so that the material has far-reaching significance in the adhesion theory and the bionic application.
< example two >
In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and the same description is omitted.
As shown in fig. 3, the one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite 20 for a biomimetic adhesive pad provided in the second embodiment is obtained by replacing the one-dimensional nanomaterial with a rigid polystyrene nanorod 23 having a spherical bottom with a diameter of 50 nm, based on the first embodiment.
The adhesion and friction tests were performed using a self-made adhesion test apparatus under a load of 1 millinewton.
The bionic adhesive pad embedded with the one-dimensional nano material in the embodiment comprises: the adhesion was 0.6 milli-newtons and the friction was 4.5 milli-newtons.
A bionic adhesive pad which is not embedded with one-dimensional nano materials: the adhesion was 0.3 milli-newtons and the friction was 1.1 milli-newtons.
< example three >
In the third embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and the same description is omitted.
As shown in fig. 4, the one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite 30 for a biomimetic adhesive pad provided in the third embodiment is based on the first embodiment, the one-dimensional nanomaterial is replaced with the polystyrene nanorod 33 with a solid inner porous portion as shown in fig. 5, the matrix material of the pillar structure 12 permeates into the pores outside the polystyrene nanorod 33, the polystyrene nanorod 33 has an overall diameter of 40 nm and a solid diameter of 20 nm, and the polystyrene nanorod 33 is connected with the support layer 11 and the pillar structure 12 through physical winding and chemical bonds.
The adhesion and friction tests were performed using a self-made adhesion test apparatus under a load of 1 millinewton.
The bionic adhesive pad embedded with the one-dimensional nano material in the embodiment comprises: the adhesion was 0.65 millinewtons and the friction was 5.1 millinewtons.
A bionic adhesive pad which is not embedded with one-dimensional nano materials: the adhesion was 0.3 milli-newtons and the friction was 1.1 milli-newtons.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention. The one-dimensional nanomaterial reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad according to the present invention is not limited to the structure described in the above embodiments, but is subject to the scope defined by the claims. Any modification or supplement or equivalent replacement made by a person skilled in the art on the basis of this embodiment is within the scope of the invention as claimed in the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A one-dimensional nano-material reinforced composite material for a bionic adhesive pad is characterized in that:
the one-dimensional nano-materials are arranged and embedded in the cylinder structure provided with the supporting layer according to a certain rule,
wherein the pillar structures are arranged in an array on the support layer,
the arrangement rule of the one-dimensional nano material is as follows: the column body structure is distributed radially from top to bottom or from bottom to top in the height direction,
the modulus of the one-dimensional nano material is higher than that of the base material forming the column structure.
2. The one-dimensional nanomaterial-reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad of claim 1, wherein:
the shape of the one-dimensional nano material is any one or a combination of a plurality of smooth columns, columns containing porous structures, tubes with hollow interiors, columns with solid interiors and solid exteriors of the porous structures, columns with expanded materials at the tail ends and columns with expanded structures in the length direction of the shape of the candied haws;
the one-dimensional nano material is made of any one or a combination of carbon, silicon dioxide, plastic, rubber, cellulose, resin, metal and ceramic.
3. The one-dimensional nanomaterial-reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad of claim 1, wherein:
wherein, any one or a combination of several functions of direct chemical bonding, bonding of a connecting agent, physical bond, mutual winding of molecular chains and structural interlocking exists between the matrix material of the column structure and the one-dimensional nanometer material.
4. The one-dimensional nanomaterial-reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad of claim 2, wherein:
wherein, under the condition that the one-dimensional nanometer material is in a porous structure, the matrix material of the cylinder structure permeates into the one-dimensional nanometer material.
5. The one-dimensional nanomaterial-reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad of claim 1, wherein:
the one-dimensional nanometer material can dynamically change the self modulus and change the size of the interaction force with the column material under the action of any one or more of light, heat, magnetism, electricity and mechanical force.
6. The one-dimensional nanomaterial-reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad of claim 1, wherein:
wherein the distribution of the one-dimensional nanomaterials is confined within the matrix of the columnar structure or extends into the support layer.
7. The one-dimensional nanomaterial-reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad of claim 1, wherein:
the column structure matrix material is any one or combination of natural rubber, artificial rubber, polyurethane, polyimide, polyolefin, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, hydrogel, aerogel and oleogel.
8. The one-dimensional nanomaterial-reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad of claim 1, wherein:
wherein, the support layer is any one or combination of a solid structure or a porous structure.
9. The one-dimensional nanomaterial-reinforced composite for biomimetic adhesive pad of claim 1, wherein:
the base material of the column structure and the material of the supporting layer are the same or different, and the modulus is also the same or different;
when the base material of the column structure is different from the material of the support layer, the adhesion between the column structure and the support layer is firm;
the column structure and the supporting layer are bonded together after being processed once or separately.
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CN115895463A (en) * 2022-09-20 2023-04-04 武汉大学 Bridging columnar array structure for bionic structure adhesive and preparation method

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US8563117B2 (en) * 2006-08-04 2013-10-22 Phillip B. Messersmith Biomimetic modular adhesive complex: materials, methods and applications therefore
US8877072B2 (en) * 2011-10-10 2014-11-04 Ranjana Sahai Three-dimensional fractal graduated-branching hierarchical structures and fabrication method thereof
CN108587171B (en) * 2018-05-03 2020-08-28 中国石油大学(北京) Bionic material and preparation method and application thereof
CN110668398B (en) * 2019-10-16 2023-05-12 武汉大学 Preparation method and application of bionic gecko extreme progressive rigid-flexible gradient microcolumn structure

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"Hybrid Surface Patterns Mimicking the Design of the Adhesive Toe Pad of Tree Frog";Longjian Xue;《ACS NANO》;20170809;第11卷(第10期);摘要,第9712页右栏,第9714页左栏、第9717页、图3、图5b *

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