CN111269453A - Polyurethane hard foam roof waterproof and heat-insulating process - Google Patents

Polyurethane hard foam roof waterproof and heat-insulating process Download PDF

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CN111269453A
CN111269453A CN202010064700.2A CN202010064700A CN111269453A CN 111269453 A CN111269453 A CN 111269453A CN 202010064700 A CN202010064700 A CN 202010064700A CN 111269453 A CN111269453 A CN 111269453A
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parts
roof
heat
polyether polyol
waterproof
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雷华
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Guangzhou City Polytechnic
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Guangzhou City Polytechnic
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
    • C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/16—Catalysts
    • C08G18/18—Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof
    • C08G18/1825—Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof having hydroxy or primary amino groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
    • C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
    • C08G18/482—Mixtures of polyethers containing at least one polyether containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/50—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
    • C08G18/5021—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
    • C08J9/0028—Use of organic additives containing nitrogen
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    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
    • C08J9/0033—Use of organic additives containing sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
    • C08K5/3412—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having one nitrogen atom in the ring
    • C08K5/3432—Six-membered rings
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    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K5/37—Thiols
    • C08K5/372—Sulfides, e.g. R-(S)x-R'
    • C08K5/3725—Sulfides, e.g. R-(S)x-R' containing nitrogen
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1662—Inverted roofs or exteriorly insulated roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D7/00—Roof covering exclusively consisting of sealing masses applied in situ; Gravelling of flat roofs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
    • C08J2203/142—Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H3C-CF3
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
    • C08J2375/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
    • C08J2375/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a polyurethane rigid foam roof waterproof and heat-insulating process, which comprises the following steps: s1, cleaning and drying a building roof; s2, paving a slope finding layer on the roof; s3, spraying polyurethane hard foam spray coating on the slope finding layer, and foaming at room temperature to form a heat insulation layer; the polyurethane hard foam spray coating comprises a composite material and polyisocyanate according to the weight ratio of 1 (1-1.5); the composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of sucrose polyether polyol; 40-60 parts of organic amine polyether polyol; 20-40 parts of aromatic polyester polyol; 3-13 parts of a stabilizer; 6-10 parts of a catalyst; 30-40 parts of a fluorodichloroethane foaming agent. The invention has the advantages of better aging resistance of the polyurethane rigid foam body, no need of pouring cement mortar for protection, simpler and more convenient construction process, better roof quality and more beautiful roof exterior decoration.

Description

Polyurethane hard foam roof waterproof and heat-insulating process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a polyurethane rigid foam roof waterproof and heat-insulating process.
Background
At present, the roof insulation mainly comprises a heat insulation layer arranged on a roof of a reinforced concrete structure, a cement mortar protective layer is made on the basis of the heat insulation layer, and a waterproof layer is made on the protective layer.
The existing polyurethane hard foam spraying is a novel building energy-saving technology for external thermal insulation of an external wall, and because the polyurethane hard foam body and a general wall material have high bonding strength, no adhesive or anchoring piece is needed, the polyurethane hard foam spraying is a natural adhesive material, a continuous thermal insulation layer can be formed, the combined action of the thermal insulation material and the wall body is ensured, and a thermal bridge is effectively blocked.
The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: however, since the hard foam is a high molecular polymer, the roof is exposed to high temperature from wind, rain and sunshine for a long time, and if the hard foam is directly exposed, the hard foam is easy to age, so that a layer of mortar is usually required to be covered on the surface of the hard polyurethane foam to form protection, the process is still complicated, and therefore, an improvement space is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a polyurethane hard foam roof waterproof and heat-insulating process which has the effect of simpler and more convenient construction procedures.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a polyurethane rigid foam roof waterproof and heat-insulating process comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and drying a building roof;
s2, paving a slope finding layer on the roof;
s3, spraying polyurethane hard foam spray coating on the slope layer, and foaming at room temperature to form a waterproof heat-insulating layer;
the polyurethane hard foam spray coating comprises a composite material and polyisocyanate according to the weight ratio of 1 (1-1.5);
the composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-50 parts of sucrose polyether polyol;
40-60 parts of organic amine polyether polyol;
20-40 parts of aromatic polyester polyol;
3-13 parts of a stabilizer;
6-10 parts of a catalyst;
30-40 parts of a fluorodichloroethane foaming agent.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, add the stabilizer in the combined material, make the hard bubble body ageing resistance performance preferred of polyurethane, roofing material structure is difficult to take place ageing, reduce the roofing top layer and produce the phenomenon that drops through long-time blowing and raining high temperature insolateing, make behind the hard bubble body spray coating of roofing spraying polyurethane in order to form waterproof heat preservation, need not to pour cement mortar again in order to regard as the protection, make the work procedure comparatively simple and convenient, still make the quality of roofing preferred simultaneously, it is also comparatively pleasing to the eye directly to regard as the roofing exterior trim with the hard bubble body of polyurethane.
The polyurethane hard foam body comprises the composite material and the polyisocyanate according to the weight ratio of 1 (1-1.5), so that the prepared polyurethane hard foam body has better waterproof and heat-insulating effects, the production cost is reduced, and the mechanical strength of the polyurethane hard foam body is improved.
The hardness of the polyurethane hard foam body is improved, the bearing capacity is improved, and the compressive strength of the polyurethane hard foam body is increased by adding the sucrose polyether polyol and the organic amine polyether polyol into the combined material.
By adding the aromatic polyester polyol into the composite material, the waterproof and heat-insulating performance of the rigid polyurethane foam is improved, the flame retardance of the rigid polyurethane foam is also improved, and the roof is effectively protected.
The polyfluoro-dichloroethane foaming agent can well fill gaps and has a good bonding effect, so that the roof sprayed with the polyurethane hard foam body has good sealing performance, and is waterproof, heat-insulating, energy-saving and environment-friendly.
By adding the catalyst into the combined material, the catalyst can be 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, so that the reaction of the sucrose polyether polyol and the organic amine polyether polyol can be accelerated, and the trimerization reaction of polyisocyanate can be catalyzed, so that the prepared polyurethane hard foam has the effects of high temperature resistance and flame retardance.
The polyurethane rigid foam can be added with a cross-linking agent, so that the components in the combined material can be matched with each other, and the heat resistance, the waterproofness and the mechanical property of the polyurethane rigid foam are improved.
In the present invention, MDI, TDI, PAPI, etc. can be used as the polyisocyanate.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the polyurethane hard foam spray coating comprises a composite material and polyisocyanate according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.2;
the composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
40-50 parts of sucrose polyether polyol;
50-60 parts of organic amine polyether polyol;
30-40 parts of aromatic polyester polyol;
5-13 parts of a stabilizer;
6-8 parts of a catalyst;
35-40 parts of a fluorodichloroethane foaming agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the rigid polyurethane foam prepared by compounding the composite material and the polyisocyanate in the weight ratio of 1:1.2 is proved to have better waterproof, heat-preservation and anti-aging effects through mechanical tests.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the stabilizer is a compound of nicotinamide and N-acetylcysteine.
By adopting the technical scheme, the nicotinamide and the N-acetylcysteine are compounded, so that the anti-aging property of the polyurethane rigid foam body is favorably improved, the polyurethane rigid foam body is not easy to age, the influence on the quality of a roof is reduced, the stability of the polyurethane rigid foam body can be enhanced by the N-acetylcysteine, and the mechanical property is further improved.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the weight ratio of the nicotinamide to the N-acetylcysteine is (4-8) to (2-5).
By adopting the technical scheme, in a mechanical test, the addition of the nicotinamide and the N-acetylcysteine in the weight ratio of (4-8) to (2-5) can enable the polyurethane rigid foam to have better aging resistance.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the weight ratio of the nicotinamide to the N-acetylcysteine is 5: 3.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the weight ratio of the added nicotinamide to the N-acetylcysteine is 5:3, the prepared polyurethane rigid foam has the best ageing resistance, the roof material structure is not easy to age, the phenomenon that the roof surface layer falls off after being blown by wind and rain for a long time is reduced, and further the quality of the roof is better.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the sucrose polyether polyol comprises one or more of sucrose-ethylene glycol-propylene oxide polyether polyol, sucrose-glycerin-propylene oxide polyether polyol, sucrose-triethanolamine-propylene oxide polyether polyol and sucrose-propylene glycol-propylene oxide polyether polyol.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sucrose polyether polyol comprises one or more of sucrose-ethylene glycol-propylene oxide polyether polyol, sucrose-glycerin-propylene oxide polyether polyol, sucrose-triethanolamine-propylene oxide polyether polyol and sucrose-propylene glycol-propylene oxide polyether polyol, and the sucrose polyether polyol is preferably sucrose-triethanolamine-propylene oxide polyether polyol, so that the mechanical strength and the heat resistance of the prepared polyurethane rigid foam are improved.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the organic amine polyether polyol is toluene diamine polyether polyol or ethylene diamine polyether polyol.
By adopting the technical scheme, the organic amine polyether polyol is toluene diamine polyether polyol or ethylene diamine polyether polyol, and the organic amine polyether polyol is preferably ethylene diamine polyether polyol, so that the compatibility of the organic amine polyether polyol and sucrose polyether polyol is better, and the quality of the obtained polyurethane hard foam is better.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the aromatic polyester polyol is at least one of polyethylene terephthalate polyester polyol, phthalic anhydride-based polyester polyol and phthalic anhydride polyester polyol.
By adopting the technical scheme, the aromatic polyester polyol is at least one of polyethylene terephthalate polyester polyol, phthalic anhydride-based polyester polyol and phthalic anhydride polyester polyol, and the aromatic polyester polyol is preferably the phthalic anhydride polyester polyol, so that the water resistance, the heat preservation and the flame retardance of the polyurethane rigid foam are improved, and the roof is effectively protected.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the catalyst is 2,4, 6-tri (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol.
By adopting the technical scheme, 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol is added into the combined material, so that the reaction of the sucrose polyether polyol and the organic amine polyether polyol can be accelerated, and the trimerization of polyisocyanate can be catalyzed, so that the prepared polyurethane hard foam has the effects of high temperature resistance and flame retardance.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the preparation method of the polyurethane hard foam spray coating comprises the following steps:
s01, mixing sucrose polyether polyol, organic amine polyether polyol and aromatic polyester polyol, heating to 100-150 ℃, and uniformly stirring to form a primary premix;
s02, adding a stabilizer, a catalyst and a monofluorodichloroethane foaming agent into the primary premix, and uniformly stirring to form a secondary premix;
s03, adding polyisocyanate into the secondary premix, uniformly stirring, and curing at 70-80 ℃ to form the polyurethane hard foam spray coating.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polyurethane hard foam spray coating has enough heat for foaming reaction through curing at 70-80 ℃, so that the spray coating is more uniformly foamed after being sprayed on a roof, and the prepared polyurethane hard foam spray coating has better waterproof and heat-insulating properties, stronger ageing resistance and better quality.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the stabilizer is added into the combined material, so that the ageing resistance of the polyurethane hard foam body is better, the structure of the roof material is not easy to age, the phenomenon that the surface layer of the roof falls off due to high-temperature exposure caused by long-time wind and rain is reduced, cement mortar does not need to be poured for protection after the roof is sprayed with the polyurethane hard foam body spray coating material to form a waterproof heat-insulating layer, the construction process is simpler and more convenient, the quality of the roof is better, and the roof is more attractive when the polyurethane hard foam body is directly used as the roof exterior decoration;
2. the nicotinamide and the N-acetylcysteine are compounded, so that the aging resistance of the polyurethane hard foam body is favorably improved, the polyurethane hard foam body is not easy to age, and the N-acetylcysteine can enhance the stability of the polyurethane hard foam body and further improve the mechanical property;
3. by curing at 70-80 ℃, the polyurethane hard foam spray coating has enough heat for foaming reaction, so that the spray coating is more uniformly foamed after being sprayed on a roof, and the prepared polyurethane hard foam spray coating has better waterproof and heat-insulating properties, stronger aging resistance and better quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the waterproof and heat-insulating process for the polyurethane rigid foam roof.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the following examples and comparative examples: the information on the source of part of the starting material is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002375612520000061
Figure BDA0002375612520000071
Example 1
A polyurethane hard foam spray coating material comprises a composite material and polyisocyanate in a weight ratio of 1: 1;
the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30kg of sucrose-triethanolamine-propylene oxide polyether polyol;
40kg of ethylenediamine polyether polyol;
20kg of phthalic anhydride polyester polyol;
3kg of stabilizing agent;
6kg of 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol;
30kg of monofluorodichloroethane as a foaming agent.
In this example, the stabilizer is a mixture of nicotinamide, N-acetylcysteine, and 2: 1 in a weight ratio.
Example 2
A polyurethane hard foam spray coating material comprises a composite material and polyisocyanate, wherein the weight ratio of the composite material to the polyisocyanate is 1: 1.3;
the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40kg of sucrose-triethanolamine-propylene oxide polyether polyol;
50kg of ethylenediamine polyether polyol;
30kg of phthalic anhydride polyester polyol;
5kg of stabilizing agent;
8kg of 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol;
35kg of monofluorodichloroethane foaming agent.
In this example, the stabilizer is a mixture of nicotinamide, N-acetylcysteine, and 3: 2 in a weight ratio.
Example 3
A polyurethane hard foam spray coating material comprises a composite material and polyisocyanate, wherein the weight ratio of the composite material to the polyisocyanate is 1: 1.5;
the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50kg of sucrose-triethanolamine-propylene oxide polyether polyol;
60kg of ethylenediamine polyether polyol;
40kg of phthalic anhydride polyester polyol;
13kg of stabilizing agent;
10kg of 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol;
40kg of monofluorodichloroethane foaming agent.
In this example, the stabilizer is a mixture of nicotinamide, N-acetylcysteine, and 8: 5 in a weight ratio.
Example 4
A polyurethane hard foam spray coating material comprises a composite material and polyisocyanate, wherein the weight ratio of the composite material to the polyisocyanate is 1: 1.2;
the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
35kg of sucrose-triethanolamine-propylene oxide polyether polyol;
45kg of ethylenediamine polyether polyol;
34kg of phthalic anhydride polyester polyol;
8kg of stabilizing agent;
7kg of 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol;
38kg of monofluorodichloroethane foaming agent.
In this example, the stabilizer is a mixture of nicotinamide, N-acetylcysteine, and 5:3 in a weight ratio.
The preparation of the polyurethane rigid foam spray coatings of examples 1-4 was as follows:
s01, adding sucrose polyether polyol, organic amine polyether polyol and aromatic polyester polyol into a stirring kettle, heating to 100 ℃, continuously stirring until the mixture is completely melted at the rotation speed of 20r/min, and stirring for 2min at the rotation speed of 150r/min to form a primary premix;
s02, adding nicotinamide, N-acetylcysteine, 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol and a monofluoro-dichloroethane foaming agent into the primary premix, rotating at a speed of 120r/min, and stirring for 3min to form a secondary premix;
and S03, cooling the secondary premix to 70 ℃ and keeping the temperature constant, then adding polyisocyanate into the secondary premix, stirring for 3min at the rotating speed of 60r/min for curing, then adjusting the rotating speed of 45r/min, continuously stirring and cooling to room temperature to obtain the polyurethane hard foam spray coating.
Example 5
Compared with example 4, the difference is that:
in step S03 of the method for preparing the polyurethane hard foam spray coating:
the secondary premix was cooled to 75 ℃ and thermostated.
Example 6
Compared with example 4, the difference is that:
in step S03 of the method for preparing the polyurethane hard foam spray coating:
the secondary premix was cooled to 80 ℃ and thermostated.
Example 7
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a polyurethane rigid foam roof waterproof and heat insulation process, which comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and drying a building roof, which comprises the following specific steps:
scouring the roof through clear water, cleaning up the roof sundries, then laying the sponge to cover the roof, preventing the dust from floating on the roof again, and naturally insolating to expose the sponge and the roof until the roof is dry, and detaching the sponge.
S2, paving a slope layer on the roof, which comprises the following steps:
pouring cement mortar on a dry roof and finding a slope to form a slope finding layer, removing a mold after curing for 7d with the mold, washing the slope finding layer with clear water, then paving a sponge to cover the slope finding layer, blocking dust from drifting on the slope finding layer again, continuously sprinkling towards the sponge, keeping the sponge moist, stopping sprinkling after curing for 7 days, naturally insolating to dry the sponge and the slope finding layer, and detaching the sponge after the slope finding layer is dry.
S3, spraying polyurethane hard foam spray coating on the slope finding layer, and foaming at room temperature to form a waterproof heat-insulating layer, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
fix a plurality of location nails at the screed-coat edge, rule the sign according to the spraying thickness of the hard bubble body spray coating of polyurethane on the location nail, connect the sign department of a plurality of location nails through the fishing line and form the positioning network, spray the hard bubble body spray coating of polyurethane on dry looking for the slope layer, the spraying covers the positioning network to just, dismantles location nail and positioning network, and the hard bubble body spray coating of flattening polyurethane forms waterproof heat preservation after the room temperature foaming solidification.
In the embodiment, the polyurethane hard foam spray coating adopts the polyurethane hard foam spray coating of the embodiment 4;
in other embodiments, the polyurethane hard foam spray coating of embodiments 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 can also be used.
Comparative example 1
Compared with example 4, the difference is that:
nicotinamide and N-acetylcysteine were not added.
Comparative example 2
Compared with example 4, the difference is that:
no niacinamide was added.
Comparative example 3
Compared with example 4, the difference is that:
nicotinamide N-acetylcysteine was not added.
Comparative example 4
Compared with example 4, the difference is that:
the weight ratio of nicotinamide to N-acetylcysteine is 1:1.
Comparative example 5
Compared with example 4, the difference is that:
the N-acetylcysteine is replaced with cysteine.
Test one, accelerated aging Performance test
A thermal-oxygen accelerated aging test was conducted in a constant-temperature forced-air thermal oxidation oven, the samples of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were placed in a thermal oxidation oven at a temperature of 170 ℃ and the aging time reached a predetermined value, the samples were taken out, the performance was tested until the samples were pulverized, the pulverization time was recorded, and in addition, the mechanical properties of the unaged (aging time 0h) samples were measured after being left at 23 ℃ for 24 h.
TABLE 2
Group of Heat distortion temperature (0.46MPa) Powdering time (170 ℃/h)
Example 1 121 698
Example 2 130 705
Example 3 132 713
Example 4 139 725
Example 5 138 726
Example 6 139 725
Comparative example 1 80 561
Comparative example 2 91 589
Comparative example 3 95 597
Comparative example 4 114 625
Comparative example 5 111 602
According to the comparison of the data of comparative example 1 and example 4 in table 2, nicotinamide and N-acetylcysteine are not added in the process of preparing the polyurethane hard foam, the thermal deformation temperature of the polyurethane hard foam obtained in comparative example 1 is lower, the pulverization time is shorter, and the anti-aging performance of the polyurethane hard foam is poorer, which shows that the nicotinamide and N-acetylcysteine are compounded and added into the polyurethane hard foam, so that the anti-aging performance of the polyurethane hard foam is effectively improved, the polyurethane hard foam is not easy to embrittle, and the application range of the polyurethane hard foam is wider.
According to the comparison of the data of comparative examples 2-3 and example 4 in Table 2, when only one of nicotinamide and N-acetylcysteine is contained in the stabilizer, the anti-aging performance of the polyurethane rigid foam is lower than that of example 4.
As can be seen from the comparison of the data of comparative example 4 and example 4 in Table 2, the anti-aging performance of the polyurethane rigid foam of comparative example 4 is lower than that of example 4 when the weight ratio of nicotinamide to N-acetylcysteine is 1:1.
As can be seen from comparison of the data of comparative example 5 and example 4 in Table 2, the anti-aging performance of the polyurethane rigid foam of comparative example 5 was lower than that of example 4 when N-acetylcysteine was replaced with cysteine.
According to the comparison of the data of the examples 4, 5 and 6 in the table 2, the aging performance of the polyurethane rigid foam is not obviously influenced by the temperature change when the curing is carried out at 70-80 ℃.
Second, mechanical test performance of polyurethane rigid foam
The compressive strength kpa of the samples prepared from the rigid polyurethane foams of the examples and the comparative examples was examined according to GB/T1043.1-2008, GB/T1843-.
The thermal conductivity w/m.k of the samples prepared from the rigid polyurethane foams of the examples and the comparative examples was measured according to GB/T10294-.
The water absorption (V/V) of the samples prepared from the rigid polyurethane foams of examples and comparative examples was measured according to GB/T8810-88 "method for testing Water absorption of rigid foam".
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0002375612520000121
Figure BDA0002375612520000131
According to the comparison of the data of comparative examples 1-3 and example 4 in table 3, nicotinamide and N-acetylcysteine are not added in the process of preparing the polyurethane rigid foam, the compressive strength of the polyurethane rigid foam obtained in comparative example 1 is lower, the water absorption rate and the thermal conductivity coefficient are not greatly influenced, the stabilizer in comparative example 2 is N-acetylcysteine, the data of comparative example 2 is close to that of example 4, which shows that nicotinamide does not greatly influence the mechanical properties of the polyurethane rigid foam, the stabilizer in comparative example 3 is nicotinamide and does not contain N-acetylcysteine, and the data of comparative example 3 is lower in the compressive strength of the polyurethane rigid foam, higher in the thermal conductivity coefficient and poorer in the mechanical properties compared with example 4.
According to the comparison of the data of comparative examples 4-5 and example 4 in Table 3, when the weight ratio of nicotinamide to N-acetylcysteine is 1:1, the obtained polyurethane rigid foam has lower compressive strength, higher thermal conductivity and no obvious influence on water absorption. When the N-acetylcysteine is replaced by the cysteine, the compressive strength of the polyurethane hard foam body is low, and the water absorption rate and the heat conductivity coefficient are not greatly influenced.
According to the comparison of the data of examples 4, 5 and 6 in Table 3, the mechanical properties of the rigid polyurethane foam are not significantly affected by the temperature change when the curing is carried out at 70-80 ℃.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A polyurethane hard foam roof waterproof and heat-insulating process is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning and drying a building roof;
s2, paving a slope finding layer on the roof;
s3, spraying polyurethane hard foam spray coating on the slope layer, and foaming at room temperature to form a waterproof heat-insulating layer;
the polyurethane hard foam spray coating comprises a composite material and polyisocyanate according to the weight ratio of 1 (1-1.5);
the composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-50 parts of sucrose polyether polyol;
40-60 parts of organic amine polyether polyol;
20-40 parts of aromatic polyester polyol;
3-13 parts of a stabilizer;
6-10 parts of a catalyst;
30-40 parts of a fluorodichloroethane foaming agent.
2. The waterproof and heat-insulating technology for the roof with the rigid polyurethane foam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waterproof and heat-insulating technology comprises the following steps: the polyurethane hard foam spray coating comprises a composite material and polyisocyanate according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.2;
the composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
40-50 parts of sucrose polyether polyol;
50-60 parts of organic amine polyether polyol;
30-40 parts of aromatic polyester polyol;
5-13 parts of a stabilizer;
6-8 parts of a catalyst;
35-40 parts of a fluorodichloroethane foaming agent.
3. The waterproof and heat-insulating technology for the roof with the rigid polyurethane foam as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the stabilizer is a compound of nicotinamide and N-acetylcysteine.
4. The waterproof and heat-insulating technology for the roof with the rigid polyurethane foam as claimed in claim 3, wherein the waterproof and heat-insulating technology comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the nicotinamide to the N-acetylcysteine is (4-8) to (2-5).
5. The waterproof and heat-insulating technology for the roof with the rigid polyurethane foam as claimed in claim 4, wherein the waterproof and heat-insulating technology comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the nicotinamide to the N-acetylcysteine is 5: 3.
6. The waterproof and heat-insulating technology for the roof with the rigid polyurethane foam as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the sucrose polyether polyol comprises one or more of sucrose-ethylene glycol-propylene oxide polyether polyol, sucrose-glycerin-propylene oxide polyether polyol, sucrose-triethanolamine-propylene oxide polyether polyol and sucrose-propylene glycol-propylene oxide polyether polyol.
7. The waterproof and heat-insulating technology for the roof with the rigid polyurethane foam as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the organic amine polyether polyol is toluene diamine polyether polyol or ethylene diamine polyether polyol.
8. The waterproof and heat-insulating technology for the roof with the rigid polyurethane foam as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the aromatic polyester polyol is at least one of polyethylene terephthalate polyester polyol, phthalic anhydride-based polyester polyol and phthalic anhydride polyester polyol.
9. The waterproof and heat-insulating technology for the roof with the rigid polyurethane foam as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the catalyst is 2,4, 6-tri (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol.
10. The waterproof and heat-insulating technology for the roof with the rigid polyurethane foam as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the preparation method of the polyurethane hard foam spray coating comprises the following steps:
s01, mixing sucrose polyether polyol, organic amine polyether polyol and aromatic polyester polyol, heating to 100-150 ℃, and uniformly stirring to form a primary premix;
s02, adding a stabilizer, a catalyst and a monofluorodichloroethane foaming agent into the primary premix, and uniformly stirring to form a secondary premix;
s03, adding polyisocyanate into the secondary premix, uniformly stirring, and curing at 70-80 ℃ to form the polyurethane hard foam spray coating.
CN202010064700.2A 2020-01-20 2020-01-20 Polyurethane hard foam roof waterproof and heat-insulating process Pending CN111269453A (en)

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CN105367742A (en) * 2015-12-10 2016-03-02 上海东大聚氨酯有限公司 Premixed polyether polyols, polyurethane foam, preparation method and application thereof
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