CN111266398B - Soil ex-situ remediation external heat double-position spiral type drying roasting kiln - Google Patents
Soil ex-situ remediation external heat double-position spiral type drying roasting kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN111266398B CN111266398B CN202010074384.7A CN202010074384A CN111266398B CN 111266398 B CN111266398 B CN 111266398B CN 202010074384 A CN202010074384 A CN 202010074384A CN 111266398 B CN111266398 B CN 111266398B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/06—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally
- B09C1/065—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally by pyrolysis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
- F27B9/028—Multi-chamber type furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/16—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a circular or arcuate path
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/32—Casings
- F27B9/34—Arrangements of linings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/08—Screw feeders; Screw dischargers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
- F27B2009/3684—Combustion within a combustion chamber with outlets in the kiln chamber
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses an external heating double-position spiral type drying and roasting kiln for soil ex-situ remediation. It comprises an upper furnace body and a lower furnace body; two furnace tubes are respectively arranged in the upper furnace body and the lower furnace body; the feeding bin is connected with the feeding port of the upper furnace pipe through a rotary vane type feeder; the rotary vane feeder is connected with a driving motor with a frequency converter; the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are internally provided with a spiral conveying auger which is connected with a transmission speed reducer with a frequency converter; the working frequency of the rotary vane feeder is consistent with the spiral conveying frequency of the spiral conveying auger, so that the consistency of the front and rear feeding speeds is ensured; the right side of the upper furnace pipe is communicated with the right side of the lower furnace pipe up and down; a discharge conveyor is arranged at a discharge port at the bottom of the lower furnace pipe; the top of the upper furnace tube is provided with a water spraying humidifier; the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a burner. The device has the advantages of small volume, low requirement on the site, high thermal desorption efficiency, low failure rate of the device and low energy consumption; the furnace tube adopts a sectional flange connection type, so that the service life of the furnace tube can be prolonged, the cost for replacing the furnace tube is reduced, gaps between the furnace tube and a hearth can be eliminated, and the heat dissipation is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation equipment, relates to a drying and roasting kiln, and particularly relates to an external heat double-position spiral type drying and roasting kiln for soil ex-situ remediation.
Background
The thermal desorption technology is an important means in the contaminated soil remediation technology, the thermal desorption technology is a process of heating contaminated soil to be above the boiling point of a target pollutant to volatilize or separate the target organic pollutant from the soil, the target pollutant has the effects of evaporation, distillation, boiling, oxidation, pyrolysis and the like in the thermal desorption process, different pollutants can be selectively removed by controlling the temperature of a system and the retention time of materials, the pollutant in the contaminated soil is separated from the soil under the negative pressure condition, and finally the pollutant enters a gas treatment system to be thoroughly eliminated or concentrated and collected.
Thermal desorption techniques can be divided into two major categories, namely in-situ thermal desorption techniques and ex-situ thermal desorption techniques. The in-situ thermal desorption technology is mainly used for treating some remediation areas with low requirements on remediation sites or difficult transportation of polluted soil, such as soil pollution at the original site of a suburb chemical plant and deep pollution remediation below a building. The ex-situ thermal desorption technology is used for treating areas which are not suitable for in-situ remediation, and the polluted soil is extracted and treated by a special thermal desorption system device. As a physical remediation method, the thermal desorption technology has the advantages of wide pollutant treatment range, high treatment rate, movable equipment, reutilization of the repaired soil and the like, and is widely applied to the remediation of polluted sites such as soil, sludge, sediment, filter residue and the like for treating volatile and semi-volatile organic pollutants. In addition, the thermal desorption technology is a good alternative for the emergency repair of sudden organic pollution environmental accidents, such as sudden soil pollution accidents caused by accidental leakage and dumping.
The existing thermal desorption technology generally adopts a rotary furnace or other thermal desorption equipment as soil remediation thermal desorption heating equipment, volatilizes and separates out organic pollutants by directly heating polluted soil, and then treats the separated organic pollutants. In the operation process of a rotary furnace or other thermal desorption equipment, the equipment has the advantages of high failure rate, high energy consumption, inconvenient use, low thermal desorption efficiency, high operation time, relatively complex operation and maintenance, relatively high investment cost of the equipment, secondary pollution possibly existing in the operation process, large volume of the existing equipment, high requirement on sites, pre-screening and crushing of soil, and high thermal desorption cost.
In addition, the furnace tube of the thermal desorption furnace commonly used at present has the following defects: in the existing general thermal desorption furnace tube, in the operation and use process of the thermal desorption furnace, because only one side (right side) of the axle center of the packing auger in the furnace tube is fixed by a bearing, and the packing auger and the material conveyed by the packing auger have gravity, the spiral blade on the other side (left side) of the axle center of the packing auger is directly contacted with the inner wall of the furnace tube, so that the continuous friction is caused on the side of the packing auger contacted with the inner wall of the furnace tube in the rotation process, and the tube wall of the furnace tube is thinned; moreover, the temperature in the hearth usually reaches above 550 ℃, and at this temperature, the furnace tube is more easily worn, so that the service life of the furnace tube is usually only about one year, that is, the furnace tube needs to be replaced about one year; the replacement of the furnace tube is difficult, the time for replacing the furnace tube is long, the cost is high, and the shutdown of the construction site can cause great loss. Meanwhile, the existing design of the general furnace tube can also cause a large gap between the furnace tube and the hearth (furnace body), so that heat is dissipated, the energy consumption is high, and the energy saving and consumption reduction are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the soil ex-situ remediation external-heating double-position spiral drying roasting kiln which has the advantages of small equipment volume, low requirement on sites, high thermal desorption efficiency, low equipment failure rate, high thermal efficiency and convenience in use, and can solve the problems of easy wear of furnace tube friction and heat dissipation.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an external heat double-position spiral type drying and roasting kiln for soil ex-situ remediation comprises a heating furnace body; the heating furnace body is formed by connecting, assembling and combining an upper layer furnace body and a lower layer furnace body through bolts, wherein the top of the lower layer furnace body is communicated with the bottom of the upper layer furnace body; two upper furnace tubes are arranged in the upper layer furnace body, and two lower furnace tubes are arranged in the lower layer furnace body; a feed inlet is arranged at the top of the left side of the upper furnace tube, and a rotary vane feeder is arranged at the top of the feed inlet; a feeding bin is arranged above the feeding ports of the two upper furnace tubes, the feeding bin is a feeding duplex hopper bin, and the feeding ports of the two upper furnace tubes are respectively connected with an outlet at the bottom of the feeding bin through a rotary vane type feeder; the inlet of the feeding bin is connected with the tail end of the scraper conveyor, and the front end of the scraper conveyor is connected with the weighing belt; a vibrating screen is arranged above the weighing belt; the rotary vane feeder is connected with a driving motor with a frequency converter; the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are internally provided with spiral conveying augers which are connected with a spiral transmission speed reducer with a frequency converter; the working frequency of the rotary vane feeder is consistent with the spiral conveying frequency of the spiral conveying auger in the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube (namely the rotating speed of a driving motor of the rotary vane feeder is the same as the rotating speed of a spiral transmission speed reducer of the spiral conveying auger), and the consistency of the front feeding speed and the rear feeding speed is ensured; an upper communicating pipe and a lower communicating pipe are arranged between the right side of the upper furnace pipe and the right side of the lower furnace pipe; a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the left side of the lower furnace pipe, and a high-temperature spiral conveyor (a discharge spiral conveyor) is arranged at the discharge hole; a water vapor waste gas outlet and a water spray humidifier (a quench tower) are arranged at the top of the right side of the upper furnace tube; the top of the left side of the upper furnace body is provided with a combustion flue gas outlet and a smoke exhaust pipeline (chimney); the bottom of the lower furnace body is provided with a combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is connected with a plurality of paths of gas pipes and a plurality of paths of air inlet pipes; each path of gas pipe is provided with a set of combustor; each air inlet pipe is provided with a fan (combustion-supporting air-mixing fan).
Further, the combustor is integrated combustor, including the gas nozzle to and supporting gas valves: pressure regulating valve, operation valve, gas control solenoid valve, relief valve, ignition valve, flame detector, combustion controller, gas pressure switch etc..
Furthermore, the combustor is an integrated proportional adjustable combustor, the temperature is controlled in an automatic air-fuel ratio continuous proportional mode, and the load adjustment is proportional continuous adjustment.
Furthermore, the combustion chamber is connected with six gas pipes, and six sets of combustors are provided; the six gas pipes are connected with a gas main pipe; a manual flange ball valve is arranged at the inlet of the gas main pipe; the gas main pipe is provided with a gas quick cut-off valve connected with a gas pressure switch alarm and interlocking device.
Furthermore, an air filter is arranged at the inlet of the combustion-supporting air mixing cooler, and an adjustable air door is arranged at the joint of the combustion chamber and the air inlet pipe.
Further, the upper furnace pipe (drying area) is made of a 16Mn boiler steel seamless steel pipe; the lower furnace tube (baking zone) was made of SUS321 heat-resistant stainless seamless steel tube. A fire-resistant layer is arranged in a furnace shell of the heating furnace body, and a heat-insulating layer is arranged between the furnace shell and the fire-resistant layer.
Furthermore, 1 bendable thermocouple (armored stainless steel K-type soft thermocouple) inserted into the furnace tube is respectively arranged at the flange cover panels at the discharge end of the upper furnace tube and the feed end of the lower furnace tube and used for monitoring the temperature of a high temperature region in the furnace tube (the temperature in the upper furnace tube is controlled to be 450 ℃ and the temperature in the lower furnace tube is controlled to be 650 ℃ respectively).
Further, four temperature monitoring thermocouples are arranged in the upper furnace body, and the temperature of the furnace in the upper furnace body is controlled to be 450-550 ℃ in combination with a combustion-supporting air-mixing fan; six temperature monitoring thermocouples are arranged in the lower-layer furnace body, and the six temperature monitoring thermocouples, controllers of six burners and gas control electromagnetic valves are used for jointly controlling the furnace temperature in the lower-layer furnace body to be 650 plus 750 ℃, so that the furnace temperature uniformity and the temperature control precision are ensured.
Furthermore, the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are both sectional type thermal desorption furnace tubes; the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are divided into a plurality of sections, and flanges are arranged at two ends of each section of furnace tube; the adjacent sections of the furnace tube are connected through flanges and bolts and are fixedly connected in a detachable manner; the middle furnace tube is connected with the furnace body through a flange and a bolt and is detachably and fixedly connected; the furnace tubes of the whole furnace body are made of the same material; the pipe diameters of the corresponding sections of the upper furnace pipe and the lower furnace pipe are the same; the shape and size of the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are the same; after the furnace tube is used for a period of time, the corresponding sections of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube can be disassembled for exchange, and are installed again for use after the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are reversed in the up-down direction, so that the worn parts and the unworn parts of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube can be continuously and normally used after the positions of the worn parts and the unworn parts are exchanged.
Furthermore, the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are divided into a left section, a middle section and a right section, and two ends of each section of furnace tube are provided with flanges; the adjacent sections of the furnace tube are connected through flanges and bolts and are fixedly connected in a detachable manner; two ends of the middle furnace tube of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are connected with the furnace body through flanges and bolts and are fixedly connected in a detachable mode; the left sections of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are easy-to-wear sections (the inner wall of the lower side of the section of the furnace tube is seriously worn, and the inner wall of the upper side of the section of the furnace tube is not easy to wear), and the middle section of the upper furnace tube and the right section of the lower furnace tube are light-wear sections; after the furnace tube is used for a period of time, the left section of the upper furnace tube and the left section of the lower furnace tube can be detached and exchanged, and are overturned by 180 degrees to enable the upper and lower directions to be reversed and then are installed again for use, so that the worn parts and the unworn parts of the upper and lower furnace tubes can be continuously and normally used after being exchanged in position.
The working principle (specific working process) of the external-heating double-position spiral drying roasting kiln and the soil remediation thermal desorption device is as follows:
after the polluted soil is dug out by the digging machine, larger stones and sundries are firstly screened out by a vibrating screen, then the polluted soil is weighed by a weighing belt, then the polluted soil is sent into a feeding bin by a scraper machine, then the polluted soil is sent into a left feeding hole in an upper furnace tube by a rotary blade type feeder and a conveying belt (driven by a spiral transmission shaft), firstly dried for 10min (first-stage desorption) at the temperature of 350-.
The flue gas generated after the combustion of the fuel gas in the heating furnace body comes out from the combustion flue gas outlet at the top of the left side of the upper layer furnace body and is discharged through a smoke discharge pipeline (chimney). Leading out the water vapor waste gas lead-out opening at the top of the right side of the upper furnace pipe from the water vapor waste gas lead-out opening through a draught fan, rapidly cooling and cooling through a water spray humidifier (a quench tower), and separating waste gas and waste water through a steam-water separator; the waste gas is sent into a waste gas treatment system for treatment; wastewater generated by water spraying of the water spray humidifier (quench tower) and wastewater separated by the steam-water separator are sent to a wastewater treatment system for treatment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the soil ex-situ remediation external-heating double-position spiral type drying and roasting kiln is suitable for drying and roasting waste of organic contaminated soil with higher concentration and is used for ex-situ treatment. The existing drying and roasting kilns adopting a microbiological method and a thermal desorption method are mainly used for in-situ treatment.
The soil ex-situ remediation external heat double-position spiral drying and roasting kiln adopts the adjustable industrial burner (integrated proportion adjustable burner) and the adjustable rotary blade feeder, so that the heating temperature in the kiln is adjustable, the reaction time and the treatment capacity are adjustable, and the kiln can be used for organic contaminated soil with different concentrations and different components.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the device has small volume, low requirement on the field, high thermal desorption efficiency, low failure rate of the device, low energy consumption and convenient use.
The soil ex-situ remediation external-heating double-position spiral type drying and roasting kiln can be used for drying and roasting waste of loose dangerous waste soil and organic polluted soil with certain humidity.
The sectional type heat desorption furnace tube is improved from the commonly used furnace tube, the improved furnace tube is divided into a plurality of sections (three sections) of flange type connection, one section is an easy-wearing section, the next sections (the last two sections) are slight-wearing sections, after the furnace tube is used for a period of time (about one year), the easy-wearing sections of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are detached, the easy-wearing sections of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are exchanged, the furnace tube can be continuously and normally used, the service life of the furnace tube can be theoretically doubled, the cost of replacing the furnace tube is reduced, and the construction period extension and the fuel waste caused by replacing the furnace tube are reduced. Meanwhile, the middle furnace tubes of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube (flange connection type furnace tubes) are fixed on the hearth (furnace body) through the flanges and then are connected with the front section furnace tube (left section furnace tube) and the rear section furnace tube (right section furnace tube) through the flanges, so that gaps between the furnace tubes and the hearth can be eliminated, heat dissipation is reduced, fuel consumption is saved, and engineering cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an external-heating double-position spiral type drying and roasting kiln for soil ex-situ remediation according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a soil remediation process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sectional type thermal desorption furnace tube and a sectional type thermal desorption furnace in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a vibrating screen 2, a weighing belt 3, a scraper conveyor 4, a feeding bin 5, an upper furnace body 6, a lower furnace body 7, an upper furnace tube 8, a lower furnace tube 9, a feeding port 10, a rotary vane feeder 11, a driving motor 12, an upper communicating tube 13, a lower communicating tube 13, a spiral conveying auger 14, a spiral transmission speed reducer 15, a discharging port 16, a high-temperature spiral conveyor 17, a smoke exhaust pipeline 18, a water vapor waste gas outlet 19, a water spraying humidifier 20, bolts 21, a flange 22, a steam-water separator 23, an easily-worn section 24 and a slightly-worn section
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the soil ex-situ remediation external heat double-position spiral drying and roasting kiln comprises a heating furnace body, wherein the heating furnace body is formed by connecting, splicing and combining an upper layer furnace body 5 and a lower layer furnace body 6 by bolts, and the top of the lower layer furnace body 6 is communicated with the bottom of the upper layer furnace body 5; two upper furnace tubes 7 are arranged in the upper layer furnace body 5, and two lower furnace tubes 8 are arranged in the lower layer furnace body 6, namely the upper furnace tubes 7 and the lower furnace tubes 8 are respectively provided with two, and four furnace tubes are provided; the two upper furnace tubes 7 (drying area) are made of 16Mn boiler steel seamless steel tubes; the two lower furnace tubes 8 (firing zones) were made of SUS321 heat-resistant stainless seamless steel tubes.
A feed inlet 9 is arranged at the top of the left side of the upper furnace tube 7, and a rotary vane feeder 10 is arranged at the top of the feed inlet 9; a feeding bin 4 is arranged above the feeding ports of the two upper furnace tubes (the feeding bin 4 is a feeding duplex hopper bin), and the feeding ports 9 of the two upper furnace tubes 7 are respectively connected with outlets at the bottom of the feeding bin 4 through a rotary vane type feeder 10; the inlet of the feeding bin 4 is connected with the tail end of a scraper, and the front end of the scraper is connected with a weighing belt; a vibrating screen is arranged above the weighing belt; the rotary blade type feeder 10 is connected with a driving motor 11 through a transmission shaft, and the driving motor 11 is provided with a frequency converter; the upper furnace tube 7 and the lower furnace tube 8 are both internally provided with a spiral conveying auger 13 (also called a spiral conveyor and an auger), the spiral conveying auger 13 is driven by a spiral transmission speed reducer 14 (a worm gear speed reducer), and the spiral transmission speed reducer 14 is connected with a frequency converter and can carry out frequency conversion and speed regulation through the frequency converter; the working frequency of the rotary vane feeder 10 is consistent with the spiral conveying frequency of the spiral conveying auger 13 in the upper furnace tube 7 and the lower furnace tube 8 (namely the rotating speed of the driving motor 11 of the rotary vane feeder 10 is the same as the rotating speed of the spiral transmission reducer 14 of the spiral conveying auger 13), and the consistency of the front and rear feeding speeds is ensured; the working frequency of the rotary vane feeder 10 and the spiral conveying frequency of the spiral conveying auger 13 are both adjustable, so that the filling amount in the spiral conveying auger 13 and the material processing time are controlled; an up-down communicating pipe 12 is arranged between the right side of the upper furnace tube 7 and the right side of the lower furnace tube 8; a discharge hole 15 is formed in the bottom of the left side of the lower furnace tube 8, and a high-temperature spiral conveyor 16 (a discharge spiral conveyor) is arranged at the discharge hole 15; a water vapor waste gas outlet 18 and a water spray humidifier 19 (a quench tower) are arranged at the top of the right side of the upper furnace tube 7; the left top of the upper furnace body 5 is provided with a combustion flue gas outlet and a smoke exhaust pipeline 17 (chimney).
A combustion chamber is arranged at the bottom of the lower layer furnace body 6; the combustion chamber is connected with a plurality of paths of gas pipes, and each path of gas pipe is provided with a combustor 20; the combustion chamber is also connected with a plurality of air inlet pipes, and each air inlet pipe is provided with a combustion-supporting air mixing cooler 21. An air filter is arranged at the inlet of the combustion-supporting air mixing fan 21, and an adjustable air door is arranged at the joint of the combustion chamber and the air inlet pipe.
Six independent combustion control areas are arranged at the bottom of the lower furnace body 6, each area is provided with a combustor 20 (with an independent gas burner), each combustor 20 is arranged on one gas pipe, and six combustors 20 and six gas pipes are provided.
Six Italy Baide integrated burners 20(1428 KW/stand) are laterally arranged in a heating chamber at the bottom of the lower furnace body 6. This combustor 20 is integrated combustor, including the gas nozzle to and supporting gas valves: pressure regulating valve, operating valve, gas control solenoid valve, relief valve, ignition valve, flame detector, combustion controller, gas pressure switch, PID regulator etc.. The burner 20 is an integrated proportional adjustable burner and employs an automatic air-fuel ratio continuous proportional mode for temperature control. The burner 20 is of a monolithic construction, with load regulation being a proportional continuous regulation.
The six gas pipes are connected with a gas main pipe; a DN100 manual flange ball valve is arranged in front of an inlet of the gas main pipe. The gas system is also provided with necessary safety devices such as a gas pressure switch alarm and interlocking device, a gas quick cut-off valve and the like. The gas can be natural gas or liquefied gas.
When the gas-fired boiler works, a combustion controller (a PLC program controller) automatically controls the startup of the combustor, the low-pressure protection of the gas, the scavenging of a fan, the ignition of the gas, the load adjustment and the flameout protection by controlling a gas control electromagnetic valve according to a set program; the PID regulator compares the analog current signal transmitted by the temperature transmitter of the furnace with a set value to regulate the work load of the burner.
A fire-resistant layer is arranged in a furnace shell of the heating furnace body, and a heat-insulating layer is arranged between the furnace shell and the fire-resistant layer. The filling material of the heat insulation layer in the hearth is aluminum silicate heat insulation cotton, so that the overall weight of the equipment is reduced while the heat dissipation is reduced.
A DN600 maintenance manhole is arranged on the lower portion of the lower furnace pipe on one side of the lower furnace body, and internal parts of the maintenance furnace can be conveniently detected.
The flange cover panels of the discharge end of the upper furnace pipe and the feed end of the lower furnace pipe are respectively provided with 1 armored stainless steel K-type soft thermocouple (bendable thermocouple) with the thickness of 6mm, and the armored stainless steel K-type soft thermocouple is inserted into the furnace pipe for about 1m in length and is used for monitoring the temperature of a high-temperature area in the furnace pipe. The temperature in the upper furnace pipe is controlled at 350-450 ℃; the temperature in the lower furnace tube is controlled at 550-650 ℃.
4 temperature monitoring thermocouples are arranged in the upper furnace body, and the temperature of the furnace in the upper furnace body is controlled to be 450-550 ℃ in combination with a combustion-supporting air-mixing fan (cold air-mixing cooling); 6 temperature monitoring thermocouples are arranged in the lower-layer furnace body, and the lower-layer furnace body, a controller of 6 burners and a fuel gas control electromagnetic valve are used for jointly controlling the furnace temperature in the lower-layer furnace body to be 650 plus 750 ℃, so that the furnace temperature uniformity and the temperature control precision are ensured.
The speed of the spiral shaft of the spiral conveying auger in the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube is adjusted by changing the frequency of an 11Kw spiral transmission speed reducer (a worm gear speed reducer). The frequency converter operation panel is led out and installed on the control cabinet panel, and operation is convenient.
The feeding amount of the rotary vane type feeder is adjusted by changing the frequency of the driving motor. The working frequency of the rotary vane feeder (namely the frequency of a driving motor of the rotary vane feeder) is adaptive to the screw shaft conveying frequency of the screw conveying auger (namely the frequency of a screw transmission speed reducer) in the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube, and the frequency is determined to be increased gradually by groping in the test production stage so as to determine the proper front and rear feeding speed (kept at about 10 tons/hour), which is not too fast (otherwise, material blockage is caused, or the front and rear speed is not matched to cause material breakage conveying work). The frequency converter operation panel is led out and installed on the control cabinet panel, and operation is convenient.
The external heating double-position spiral drying and roasting kiln has the advantages that the heating mode of the equipment is external heating; the combustion temperature control mode is continuous proportional control (4-20mA output); the furnace tube arrangement structure is a double-station simultaneous working, 2+2 (furnace tube stacking), upper tube drying, lower tube high-temperature roasting and continuous processing; the power of the driving motors of the two rotary vane feeders is 1.5Kw (variable frequency speed regulation); the power of a spiral transmission speed reducer of the four spiral conveying augers is 11KW (variable frequency speed regulation), and the working rotating speed of the spiral shaft is 1-3 r/min (variable frequency speed regulation); the six combustors adopt Italy Baide (BGN150 type) integrated proportional combustors, the single heating power is 1428Kw, and the power of a combustor motor is 2.2 Kw; the power of the two combustion-supporting air-doping fans is 3KW (frequency conversion control), and the air quantity is 1500m3The wind pressure is 3-4 KPa.
The soil remediation thermal desorption device adopting the external heating double-position spiral drying and roasting kiln further comprises a water spray humidifier 19 (a quench tower) and a steam-water separator 22; leading out the water vapor waste gas lead-out opening at the top of the right side of the upper furnace pipe from the water vapor waste gas lead-out opening through a draught fan, rapidly cooling and cooling through a water spray humidifier 19, and separating waste gas and waste water through a vapor-water separator 22; the waste gas is sent into a waste gas treatment system for treatment; the waste water generated by the water spray of the water spray humidifier 19 and the waste water separated by the steam-water separator 22 are sent to a waste water treatment system for treatment.
The working principle (specific working process) of the external heating double-position spiral drying roasting kiln is as follows:
as shown in figure 2, after the polluted soil is dug out by the digging machine, the polluted soil is firstly screened by a vibrating screen 1 to remove larger stones and impurities, then weighed by a weighing belt 2, sent to a feeding bin 4 by a scraper machine 3, then sent to a left side feeding port 9 in an upper furnace tube 7 by a rotary blade type feeder 10, firstly dried for 10min at 450 ℃ in the upper furnace tube 7 (first-stage desorption), then sent to the right side by a spiral conveying auger 13 in the upper furnace tube 7, then sent to the right side by an upper and lower communicating tube 12, desorbed and reacted for 10min at 650 ℃ in the lower furnace tube 8 (second-stage desorption), sent to the left side by a spiral conveying auger in the lower furnace tube 8, finally sent out by a high temperature spiral conveyor 16 (discharging spiral conveyor) at a discharging port 15 at the bottom of the left side of the lower furnace tube 8, humidified and roasted soil is cooled and sprayed with water, and then the waste water is reused.
The flue gas generated after the combustion of the fuel gas in the heating furnace body comes out from the combustion flue gas outlet at the top of the left side of the upper layer furnace body 5 and is discharged through a flue gas discharge pipe 17 (chimney). The water vapor and the organic waste gas generated by desorption are led out from a water vapor waste gas outlet 18 at the top of the right side of the upper furnace pipe 7, are cooled down by quenching through a water spray humidifier 19 (a quench tower), are separated from waste gas and waste water through a steam-water separator 22, and are discharged after being sent into a waste gas treatment system to be treated and reach the standard; the waste water generated by water spraying of the water spraying humidifier 19 and the waste water separated by the steam-water separator 20 are sent to a waste water treatment system for treatment.
As shown in fig. 3, the external heating double-position spiral drying and roasting kiln of the invention is a sectional thermal desorption furnace; an upper furnace tube 7 and a lower furnace tube 8 in the external heating double-position spiral drying roasting kiln both adopt sectional type thermal desorption furnace tubes, the upper furnace tube 7 and the lower furnace tube 8 are divided into a left section, a middle section and a right section, and two ends of each section of furnace tube are provided with flanges 21; the adjacent sections of the furnace tube are fixedly connected (can be detached) through flanges 21 and bolts 20; two ends of the middle furnace tube of the upper furnace tube 7 and the lower furnace tube 8 are respectively fixed on the upper layer furnace body 5 and the lower layer furnace body 6 through flanges 21 and bolts 20 (can be detached); the left section of the upper furnace tube 7 is an easily worn section 23 (the lower inner wall of the section of the furnace tube is seriously worn, and the upper inner wall is not easily worn), the left section of the lower furnace tube 8 is an easily worn section 23 (the lower inner wall of the section of the furnace tube is seriously worn, and the upper inner wall is not easily worn), and the middle section and the right section of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are slightly worn sections 24; the furnace tubes of the whole furnace body are made of the same material; the pipe diameters of the sections corresponding to the upper furnace pipe 7 and the lower furnace pipe 8 are the same; the shape and size of the feed inlet 9 and the discharge outlet 15 are the same; after the furnace tube is used for a period of time, the sections corresponding to the upper furnace tube 7 and the lower furnace tube 8 can be disassembled for exchange, and are installed again for use after being inverted in the up-down direction, so that the worn parts and the unworn parts of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube can be exchanged for normal use.
After the sectional type thermal desorption furnace tube is used for a period of time (about one year), only the easily worn sections 23 of the upper and lower furnace tubes are needed to be detached, and then the easily worn sections 23 of the upper and lower furnace tubes are exchanged; namely, the feed inlet at the upper end of the left-section furnace tube of the upper furnace tube faces downwards to be changed into the discharge outlet at the lower end of the left-section furnace tube of the lower furnace tube, and the seriously worn part of the lower inner wall of the left-section furnace tube of the upper furnace tube is changed into the upper inner wall which is not easy to wear; the discharge hole at the lower end of the left segment of the lower furnace tube is upward and is changed into the feed hole at the upper end of the left segment of the upper furnace tube, and the seriously worn part of the lower inner wall of the left segment of the lower furnace tube is turned to the upper side and is changed into the upper inner wall which is not easy to wear; thus, the positions of the parts with serious abrasion of the upper and lower furnace tubes are changed up and down, and the upper and lower furnace tubes can be continuously and normally used.
Claims (9)
1. An external heat double-position spiral type drying and roasting kiln for soil ex-situ remediation is characterized by comprising a heating furnace body; the heating furnace body is formed by connecting, assembling and combining an upper layer furnace body and a lower layer furnace body through bolts, wherein the top of the lower layer furnace body is communicated with the bottom of the upper layer furnace body; two upper furnace tubes are arranged in the upper layer furnace body, and two lower furnace tubes are arranged in the lower layer furnace body; a feed inlet is arranged at the top of the left side of the upper furnace tube, and a rotary vane feeder is arranged at the top of the feed inlet; a feeding bin is arranged above the feeding ports of the two upper furnace tubes, the feeding bin is a feeding duplex hopper bin, and the feeding ports of the two upper furnace tubes are respectively connected with an outlet at the bottom of the feeding bin through a rotary vane type feeder; the inlet of the feeding bin is connected with the tail end of the scraper conveyor, and the front end of the scraper conveyor is connected with the weighing belt; a vibrating screen is arranged above the weighing belt; the rotary vane feeder is connected with a driving motor with a frequency converter; the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are internally provided with spiral conveying augers which are connected with a spiral transmission speed reducer with a frequency converter; the working frequency of the rotary vane feeder is consistent with the spiral conveying frequency of the spiral conveying auger in the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube, namely the rotating speed of a driving motor of the rotary vane feeder is the same as the rotating speed of a spiral transmission speed reducer of the spiral conveying auger, so that the consistency of the front feeding speed and the rear feeding speed is ensured; an upper communicating pipe and a lower communicating pipe are arranged between the right side of the upper furnace pipe and the right side of the lower furnace pipe; a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the left side of the lower furnace pipe, and a high-temperature screw conveyor is arranged at the discharge hole; a water vapor waste gas outlet and a water spray humidifier are arranged at the top of the right side of the upper furnace tube; the top of the left side of the upper furnace body is provided with a combustion flue gas outlet and a smoke exhaust pipeline; the bottom of the lower furnace body is provided with a combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is connected with a plurality of paths of gas pipes and a plurality of paths of air inlet pipes; each path of gas pipe is provided with a set of combustor; each air inlet pipe is provided with a fan, namely a combustion-supporting air-mixing fan;
the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are sectional thermal desorption furnace tubes; the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are divided into a plurality of sections, and flanges are arranged at two ends of each section of furnace tube; the adjacent sections of the furnace tube are connected through flanges and bolts and are fixedly connected in a detachable manner; the middle furnace tube is connected with the furnace body through a flange and a bolt and is detachably and fixedly connected; the furnace tubes of the whole furnace body are made of the same material; the pipe diameters of the corresponding sections of the upper furnace pipe and the lower furnace pipe are the same; the shape and size of the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are the same; after the furnace tube is used for a period of time, the corresponding sections of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube can be disassembled for exchange, and are installed again for use after the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are reversed in the up-down direction, so that the worn parts and the unworn parts of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube can be continuously and normally used after the positions of the worn parts and the unworn parts are exchanged.
2. The soil ex-situ remediation external heat double-position spiral drying and roasting kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein the burner is an integrated burner comprising a gas burner and a matched gas valve set: pressure regulating valve, operating valve, gas control solenoid valve, relief valve, ignition valve, flame detector, combustion controller, gas pressure switch.
3. The soil ex-situ remediation external heat double-position spiral drying and roasting kiln as claimed in claim 2, wherein the burner is an integrated proportional adjustable burner, the temperature is controlled by an automatic air-fuel ratio continuous proportional mode, and the load is adjusted by a proportional continuous adjustment.
4. An ex-situ soil remediation external heat double-position spiral type drying and roasting kiln as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the combustion chamber is connected with six gas pipes, and six sets of burners are provided; the six gas pipes are connected with a gas main pipe; a manual flange ball valve is arranged at the inlet of the gas main pipe; the gas main pipe is provided with a gas quick cut-off valve connected with a gas pressure switch alarm and interlocking device.
5. The soil ex-situ remediation external heat double-position spiral drying and roasting kiln as claimed in claim 4, wherein an air filter is arranged at an inlet of a combustion-supporting air-mixing fan; an adjustable air door is arranged at the joint of the combustion chamber and the air inlet pipe.
6. The ex-situ soil remediation external heat double-position spiral drying and roasting kiln as claimed in claim 5, wherein six temperature monitoring thermocouples are arranged in the lower furnace body, and are combined with controllers and gas control electromagnetic valves of six burners to control the furnace temperature in the lower furnace body to 650-750 ℃, so as to ensure uniform furnace temperature and temperature control accuracy.
7. The ex-situ soil remediation external heat double-position spiral drying and roasting kiln as claimed in claim 5, wherein four temperature monitoring thermocouples are arranged in the upper furnace body, and the temperature in the upper furnace body is controlled at 450-550 ℃ in combination with a combustion-supporting air-cooling fan; the flange cover panels of the discharge end of the upper furnace tube and the feed end of the lower furnace tube are respectively provided with a bendable thermocouple inserted into the furnace tube and used for monitoring the temperature of a high-temperature area in the furnace tube.
8. The soil ex-situ remediation external heat double-position spiral drying and roasting kiln as claimed in claim 5, wherein the upper furnace pipe is made of a 16Mn boiler steel seamless steel pipe; the lower furnace tube is made of SUS321 heat-resistant stainless steel seamless steel tube; a fire-resistant layer is arranged in a furnace shell of the heating furnace body, and a heat-insulating layer is arranged between the furnace shell and the fire-resistant layer.
9. An ex-situ soil remediation external heat double-position spiral drying and roasting kiln as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are divided into a left section, a middle section and a right section, and flanges are arranged at two ends of each section of furnace tube; the adjacent sections of the furnace tube are connected through flanges and bolts and are fixedly connected in a detachable manner; two ends of the middle furnace tube of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are connected with the furnace body through flanges and bolts and are fixedly connected in a detachable mode; the left sections of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are easy-to-wear sections, the inner walls of the lower sides of the sections of the furnace tubes are seriously worn, and the inner walls of the upper sides of the sections of the furnace tubes are not easy to wear; the middle furnace tube and the right furnace tube of the upper furnace tube and the lower furnace tube are light abrasion sections; after the furnace tube is used for a period of time, the left section of the upper furnace tube and the left section of the lower furnace tube can be detached and exchanged, and are overturned by 180 degrees to enable the upper and lower directions to be reversed and then are installed again for use, so that the worn parts and the unworn parts of the upper and lower furnace tubes can be continuously and normally used after being exchanged in position.
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| CN115790143B (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-06-02 | 广东昊达智能装备科技有限公司 | Atmosphere end burning furnace with humidifying function and control method thereof |
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