CN111266022A - Preparation method of flexible titanium dioxide nanowire film - Google Patents
Preparation method of flexible titanium dioxide nanowire film Download PDFInfo
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- CN111266022A CN111266022A CN202010050051.0A CN202010050051A CN111266022A CN 111266022 A CN111266022 A CN 111266022A CN 202010050051 A CN202010050051 A CN 202010050051A CN 111266022 A CN111266022 A CN 111266022A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
- B01D71/34—Polyvinylidene fluoride
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0079—Manufacture of membranes comprising organic and inorganic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/38—Polyalkenylalcohols; Polyalkenylesters; Polyalkenylethers; Polyalkenylaldehydes; Polyalkenylketones; Polyalkenylacetals; Polyalkenylketals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/40—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. salts, amides, imides, nitriles, anhydrides, esters
- B01D71/42—Polymers of nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/66—Polymers having sulfur in the main chain, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/68—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/24—Mechanical properties, e.g. strength
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a flexible titanium dioxide nanowire film, and belongs to the field of preparation processes of inorganic materials. Dispersing titanium dioxide nanowires with the diameter of 5 nm-100 nm in a dispersing solvent to obtain a dispersion liquid of the titanium dioxide nanowires; then dripping high molecular polymer solution into the mixture, and fully stirring the mixture; and carrying out suction filtration on the obtained titanium dioxide nanowire/high molecular polymer dispersion liquid to form a film, and carrying out vacuum drying at 20-140 ℃ to finally obtain the flexible high-mechanical-strength titanium dioxide fiber film. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, easy to control and good in universality, and the titanium dioxide nanowire powder without flexibility and mechanical strength is prepared into the titanium dioxide nanowire film with flexibility and high mechanical strength by compounding the titanium dioxide nanowire and the high polymer material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of inorganic material preparation processes, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a flexible and high-strength titanium dioxide nanowire film.
Technical Field
The membrane has various purposes of separation, concentration, purification, refining and the like, and the membrane separation technology has the advantages of simple operation, convenient control, high efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection. Therefore, the membrane separation technology has been widely applied to various fields such as water treatment, environmental protection, food, medicine, biology, chemical industry, metallurgy, energy, petroleum, electronics and the like, has produced great economic benefits and social benefits, and becomes one of the most important means in the separation science at present. The nanofiber membrane can form larger porosity and specific surface area due to the structural characteristics, and shows excellent performances such as high flux, high rejection rate and the like in the membrane separation process, so the nanofiber membrane plays an increasingly important role in the field of membrane separation.
For the preparation method of the nanowire film, an electrostatic spinning method and an electrochemical method are generally adopted at present. The nanowire film related to titanium dioxide mostly loads titanium dioxide nanowires on other active materials or substrates. For example, chinese patent CN102021676A provides a method for preparing a titanium dioxide/activated carbon composite nanowire adsorption film; chinese patent CN103316625 provides a method for preparing a silicon oxide/titanium oxide composite mesoporous flexible non-woven fiber film; chinese patent CN101915787A provides a method for preparing an inorganic nano-porous titanium dioxide fiber film gas sensor by depositing an inorganic nano-porous titanium dioxide fiber film on an interdigital platinum electrode. Only few parts report membranes consisting entirely of titanium dioxide obtained by electrospinning, such as the titanium dioxide fibrous membranes prepared by electrospinning technique in chinese patent CN 101284226. Due to weak cross-linking force among the titanium dioxide nanowires, the film directly prepared from the titanium dioxide nanowires has poor mechanical properties and low water resistance, resulting in low durability of the film. How to prepare the titanium dioxide nanowire powder into a flexible film with good mechanical properties is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing a flexible titanium dioxide nanowire film, wherein a titanium dioxide nanowire dispersion liquid is added with high molecular polymers such as PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PVA (polyvinyl acetate), PAN (Polyacrylonitrile), PES (polyether sulfone) and the like, and the flexible titanium dioxide nanowire film with high mechanical strength is prepared by methods such as suction filtration film forming, vacuum drying and the like.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a preparation method of a flexible titanium dioxide nanowire film comprises the steps of dispersing titanium dioxide nanowires with the diameter of 5 nm-100 nm in a dispersing solvent to obtain a dispersion liquid of the titanium dioxide nanowires; then dripping high molecular polymer solution into the mixture, and fully stirring the mixture; and carrying out suction filtration on the obtained titanium dioxide nanowire/high molecular polymer dispersion liquid to form a film, and carrying out vacuum drying at 20-140 ℃ to finally obtain the flexible high-mechanical-strength titanium dioxide fiber film.
The solvent used for the dispersion solvent and the high molecular polymer solution can be water, ethanol, methanol, N-methyl pyrrolidone, DMF, DMAC, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran and the like.
The high molecular polymer may be PVDF, PVA, PAN, PES or the like.
The dosage of the high molecular polymer is 1-40% of the weight of the titanium dioxide nanowire, and the dosage of the high molecular polymer is too low, so that the strength of the nanowire film is not high; the dosage is too high, which leads to the blockage of membrane pores and the reduction of membrane flux.
The filtration membrane can use filter paper, porous filter membrane and the like as filtration substrates.
The vacuum drying is carried out, preferably at the temperature of 60 ℃, under the vacuum condition. The temperature exceeding 140 ℃ can cause the decomposition of some high molecular polymers, so that the film is brittle; the vacuum condition can ensure the solvent to be completely volatilized.
The diameter of the titanium dioxide nanowire can be 5 nm-100 nm, and the thinner the nanowire is, the smaller the average pore diameter of the obtained membrane is. Can be prepared by electrostatic spinning, or P25, TiO2The method comprises the following steps of taking nano particles, titanium alkoxide and the like as titanium sources, adding the titanium sources into aqueous solution of NaOH or KOH, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 150-200 ℃, and preparing titanate through acidification and calcination.
Has the advantages that:
the invention prepares the titanium dioxide fiber film by using the titanium dioxide nano-wire obtained by hydrothermal reaction and heat treatment, adding high molecular polymers such as PVDF, PVA, PAN, PES and the like, and carrying out suction filtration to form a film, vacuum drying and other methods. Compared with the single titanium dioxide nanowire film, the titanium dioxide nanowire film obtained by the method has the advantages of good flexibility, high mechanical strength and the like. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, easy to control and good in universality, and the titanium dioxide nanowire powder without flexibility and mechanical strength is prepared into the titanium dioxide nanowire film with flexibility and high mechanical strength by compounding the titanium dioxide nanowire and the high polymer material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an optical photograph of the 100nm titanium dioxide nanowire film prepared in example 4.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of the 100nm titanium dioxide nanowire film prepared in example 4.
FIG. 3 is a transmission electron micrograph of the 100nm titanium dioxide nanowire film prepared in example 4.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the bending effect of the 100nm titanium dioxide nanowire film obtained in example 4.
FIG. 5 is an optical photograph of the 10nm titanium dioxide nanowire film prepared in example 10.
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron micrograph of the 10nm titanium dioxide nanowire film obtained in example 10.
Fig. 7 is a photograph of a flexible display of a titanium dioxide nanowire film without added polymer.
FIG. 8 is a graph of the maximum withstand stress measured in example 12.
FIG. 9 is a graph of pure water flux of 100nm titanium dioxide nanowire films measured in example 13.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Taking 0.1g of 100nm titanium dioxide nanowires, adding 30mL of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and fully stirring to completely disperse the nanowires in the N-methyl pyrrolidone; 50ul of N-methylpyrrolidone solution of PVDF with a concentration of 20g/L is dropwise added into the titanium dioxide nanowire N-methylpyrrolidone dispersion liquid, and the mixture is fully stirred for 12 hours. Filtering the mixture on filter paper to form a membrane, and drying the membrane for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ under a vacuum condition.
Example 2
Taking 0.1g of 100nm titanium dioxide nanowires, adding 30mL of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and fully stirring to completely disperse the nanowires in the N-methyl pyrrolidone; 100ul of N-methylpyrrolidone solution of PVDF with the concentration of 20g/L is dropwise added into the titanium dioxide nanowire N-methylpyrrolidone dispersion liquid, and the mixture is fully stirred for 12 hours. Filtering the mixture on filter paper to form a membrane, and drying the membrane for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ under a vacuum condition.
Example 3
Taking 0.1g of 100nm titanium dioxide nanowires, adding 30mL of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and fully stirring to completely disperse the nanowires in the N-methyl pyrrolidone; 250ul of N-methylpyrrolidone solution of PVDF with the concentration of 20g/L is dropwise added into the titanium dioxide nanowire N-methylpyrrolidone dispersion liquid, and the mixture is fully stirred for 12 hours. Filtering the mixture on filter paper to form a membrane, and drying the membrane for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ under a vacuum condition.
Example 4
Taking 0.1g of 100nm titanium dioxide nanowires, adding 30mL of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and fully stirring to completely disperse the nanowires in the N-methyl pyrrolidone; 500ul of N-methylpyrrolidone solution of PVDF (20 g/L) is dropwise added into the titanium dioxide nanowire N-methylpyrrolidone dispersion liquid, and the mixture is fully stirred for 12 hours. Filtering the mixture on filter paper to form a membrane, and drying the membrane for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ under a vacuum condition. The optical photograph of the prepared 100nm titanium dioxide nanowire film is shown in figure 1, the scanning electron microscope photograph is shown in figure 2, and the transmission electron microscope photograph is shown in figure 3, so that the fact that the surface of the titanium dioxide nanowire is coated with a 6nm PVDF coating layer can be observed. Fig. 4 shows a graph of the bending effect of the 100nm titanium dioxide nanowire film prepared in this example, the prepared flexible titanium dioxide nanowire film showed good flexibility, and the titanium dioxide nanowire film without the added polymer as a comparison was very brittle, i.e., crushed when folded, and had no mechanical strength, as shown in fig. 7.
Example 5
Taking 0.1g of 100nm titanium dioxide nanowires, adding 30mL of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and fully stirring to completely disperse the nanowires in the N-methyl pyrrolidone; 1ml of PVDF N-methylpyrrolidone solution with the concentration of 20g/L is dropwise added into the titanium dioxide nanowire N-methylpyrrolidone dispersion liquid, and the mixture is fully stirred for 12 hours. Filtering the mixture on filter paper to form a membrane, and drying the membrane for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ under a vacuum condition.
Example 6
Taking 0.1g of 100nm titanium dioxide nanowires, adding 30mL of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and fully stirring to completely disperse the nanowires in the N-methyl pyrrolidone; 2ml of 20g/L PVDF N-methyl pyrrolidone solution is dropwise added into the titanium dioxide nanowire N-methyl pyrrolidone dispersion liquid, and the mixture is fully stirred for 12 hours. Filtering the mixture on filter paper to form a membrane, and drying the membrane for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ under a vacuum condition.
Example 7
Taking 0.1g of 100nm titanium dioxide nanowires, adding 30mL of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and fully stirring to completely disperse the nanowires in the N-methyl pyrrolidone; 500ul of PES solution of 20g/L is dropwise added into the titanium dioxide nanowire N-methylpyrrolidone dispersion liquid, and the mixture is fully stirred for 12 hours. Filtering the mixture on filter paper to form a membrane, and drying the membrane for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ under a vacuum condition.
Example 8
Taking 0.1g of 100nm titanium dioxide nanowires, adding 30mL of N, N-dimethylformamide, and fully stirring to completely disperse the nanowires in the N, N-dimethylformamide; 500ul of N, N-dimethylformamide solution of 20g/L PAN is dropwise added into the titanium dioxide nanowire N, N-dimethylformamide dispersion liquid, and the mixture is fully stirred for 12 hours. Filtering the mixture on filter paper to form a membrane, and drying the membrane for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ under a vacuum condition.
Example 9
Taking 0.1g of 100nm titanium dioxide nanowires, adding 30mL of deionized water, and fully stirring to completely disperse the nanowires in the deionized water; 500ul of PVA aqueous solution with the concentration of 20g/L is dropwise added into the titanium dioxide nanowire aqueous dispersion, and the mixture is fully stirred for 12 hours. Filtering the mixture on filter paper to form a membrane, and drying the membrane for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ under a vacuum condition.
Example 10
Taking 0.1g of 10nm titanium dioxide nanowires, adding 30mL of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and fully stirring to completely disperse the nanowires in the N-methyl pyrrolidone; 500ul of N-methylpyrrolidone solution of PVDF (20 g/L) is dropwise added into the 10nm titanium dioxide nanowire N-methylpyrrolidone dispersion liquid, and the mixture is fully stirred for 12 hours. Filtering the mixture on filter paper to form a membrane, and drying the membrane for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ under a vacuum condition. The optical photograph and the scanning electron micrograph of the prepared 10nm titanium dioxide nanowire film are respectively shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6.
Example 11
Taking 0.1g of 5nm titanium dioxide nanowires, adding 30mL of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and fully stirring to completely disperse the nanowires in the N-methyl pyrrolidone; 500ul of N-methylpyrrolidone solution of PVDF (20 g/L) is dropwise added into the 10nm titanium dioxide nanowire N-methylpyrrolidone dispersion liquid, and the mixture is fully stirred for 12 hours. Filtering the mixture on filter paper to form a membrane, and drying the membrane for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ under a vacuum condition.
Example 12
The 100nm flexible titania nanowire films obtained in examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were subjected to a maximum stress test in a universal material tester. Fig. 6 shows the maximum stress that can be sustained in examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. As the PVDF content increases, the maximum stress that the nanowire film can withstand increases.
Example 13
Pure water flux tests were performed on the 100nm flexible titanium dioxide nanowire films prepared in example 1, example 2, example 3, example 4, example 5, and example 6. The pure water flux is calculated by the formula:wherein V is the filtration volume (L) and S is the membrane area (m)2) T is the time (h) and p is the transmembrane pressure difference. The pure water flux of the nanowire membrane gradually decreased with increasing PVDF content. Practice ofThe pure water flux of example 1, example 2, example 3 and example 4 exceeded 14000L/(m)2H.bar) shows that the prepared flexible titanium dioxide nanowire film has high pure water flux.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a flexible titanium dioxide nanowire film comprises the steps of dispersing titanium dioxide nanowires with the diameter of 5 nm-100 nm in a dispersing solvent to obtain a dispersion liquid of the titanium dioxide nanowires; then dripping high molecular polymer solution into the mixture, and fully stirring the mixture; and carrying out suction filtration on the obtained titanium dioxide nanowire/high molecular polymer dispersion liquid to form a film, and carrying out vacuum drying at 20-140 ℃ to finally obtain the flexible high-mechanical-strength titanium dioxide fiber film.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent used for the dispersing solvent and the solution of the high molecular polymer is water, ethanol, methanol, N-methylpyrrolidone, DMF, DMAC, dimethylsulfoxide or tetrahydrofuran.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer is PVDF, PVA, PAN or PES.
4. The method for preparing a flexible titanium dioxide nanowire film according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the high molecular polymer is between 1 and 40 percent of the weight of the titanium dioxide nanowires.
5. The method for preparing the flexible titanium dioxide nanowire film according to claim 1, wherein the film is formed by suction filtration by using filter paper or a porous filter membrane as a suction filtration substrate.
6. The method for preparing a flexible titanium dioxide nanowire film according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum drying is performed at a temperature of 60 ℃ under vacuum.
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1481928A (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2004-03-17 | 复旦大学 | hydrophilic organic-inorganic compounded pervaporation separating film and method for making the same |
WO2012102678A1 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-08-02 | Nano-Mem Pte. Ltd. | A forward osmosis membrane |
CN103087448A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-05-08 | 青岛博益特生物材料有限公司 | PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride)/PVA (Polyvinyl Acetate)/nanometer SiO2 composite membrane |
CN103603136A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-26 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of flexible silicon dioxide fiber film |
CN106669431A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-17 | 常州大学 | Preparation method of TiO2 nanowire ultrafiltration membrane with function of simultaneous catalysis and membrane separation |
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- 2020-01-17 CN CN202010050051.0A patent/CN111266022A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1481928A (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2004-03-17 | 复旦大学 | hydrophilic organic-inorganic compounded pervaporation separating film and method for making the same |
WO2012102678A1 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-08-02 | Nano-Mem Pte. Ltd. | A forward osmosis membrane |
CN103087448A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-05-08 | 青岛博益特生物材料有限公司 | PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride)/PVA (Polyvinyl Acetate)/nanometer SiO2 composite membrane |
CN103603136A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-26 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of flexible silicon dioxide fiber film |
CN106669431A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-17 | 常州大学 | Preparation method of TiO2 nanowire ultrafiltration membrane with function of simultaneous catalysis and membrane separation |
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