CN111262616B - User data switching device and switching method for low-orbit satellite gateway station - Google Patents
User data switching device and switching method for low-orbit satellite gateway station Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
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Abstract
The invention provides a user data switching device and a switching method of a low orbit satellite gateway station, wherein the switching device comprises a forwarding strategy controller and a downlink data cache unit, a source gateway station receives a message switched by an operation control center after HO _ T1 time period, measures a corresponding target network parameter, and carries out multicast forwarding on downlink IP data messages in GTP-U messages switched by all UE terminals to a target gateway station before time nodes of time delay parameter switching. The GGSN/PGW/UPF deployed on the gateway station completes the multicast forwarding cache preprocessing of the data plane DP, well solves the problem of bandwidth/time delay/jitter/packet loss of the data plane DP caused by switching, greatly improves the time delay of user data messages switching the gateway station on a low orbit satellite, and improves the user experience.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a user data switching device and a switching method for a low-earth-orbit satellite gateway station.
Background
In the current low earth orbit satellite (LEO) communication solution, the communication system part adopts a cellular mobile communication technology (cellular mobile communication specification technology based on the 3GPP standard, such as 3G-WCDMA/3G-TD-SCDMA/4G-TDD-LTE/4G-LTE fdd/5G) as the implementation manner of communication itself.
The low-earth-orbit satellite has the advantages that the low-earth-orbit satellite has wireless communication coverage in areas which cannot be covered by the ground mobile cellular system, such as the sea, the original deep forest, the remote desert, the mountain and the like, and areas with rare human activities, makes up the defects of the areas which cannot be covered by the ground mobile cellular system, and is used as a good supplement for the ground mobile cellular wireless mobile communication. Particularly, in the current civil aviation aircraft, the long-distance flight process across countries and continents is carried out in the environment with a large number of common passengers, and the wireless communication under the environment is well solved through LEO communication under the condition that the common passengers cannot communicate with a ground communication network. Secondly, the LEO communication adopts a civil cellular communication system as a basic system of communication, which is very friendly to solve the problem of compatibility with the existing mobile communication, and particularly realizes the compatibility with a public ground mobile cellular system between a Core Network (CN) and a terminal (user Equipment, UE), and the two systems are compatible with each other, thereby greatly extending the coverage range of wireless communication and enhancing the commercial availability of the low-orbit satellite LEO system.
In a LEO low orbit satellite communication system, the difference from a high orbit satellite or a geostationary satellite is: LEO involves handover operations between a large number of terrestrial gateway stations, between 2000km and 5000km, and involves transnational network transmissions, with a view to the bandwidth/delay/jitter/packet loss of the network, especially when LEO low-orbit satellites are switched in GGSN/PGW/UPF in combination with the 3G/4G/5G standard for cellular mobile communications compliant with the 3GPP specifications.
According to 3GPP specification TS23.501.4.3.5.1, in a switching scenario of a user plane function network element UPF (hereinafter referred to as UPF), three scenarios, SSC mode1/2/3, are defined to maintain a data plane continuity model (SSC) supported by UPF, and are used to respectively satisfy different processing models for UPF switching in different scenarios of users.
The model of the model 1/2/3 is briefly described as follows by combining the attached drawings:
model 1: as shown in fig. 1, in the SSC mol 1 defined by Release15 of 3GPP, when a UE terminal establishes a data plane PDN session in a registered 5GC core network, if the UE terminal selects UPF _0 using Model1, the UE terminal always establishes a related bearer at the UPF _0 in the whole process, regardless of whether the UE terminal is in a local or roaming state. Even if the UE terminal roams to a plurality of base stations in the network, the data packet of the user plane is processed through the UPF _ 0.
Model 2: in the definition of SSC mol 2 by Release15 of 3GPP, when a data plane PDN Session is established in a registered 5GC core network by a UE terminal, if the UE terminal selects UPF _0 using Model2, in the whole process, if the UE terminal roams to another area, a new bearer can be established using a new UPF _1, and first, the UE terminal disconnects from UPF _0, as shown in step (i) of fig. 2, and establishes a PDN Session connection with the new UPF _1 according to the service and roaming requirements, as shown in step (ii) of fig. 2, the handover of the UPF data plane DP service is completed, and the data service of the UE terminal user plane goes to UPF _ 1.
Model 3: in the SSC mol 3 defined by Release15 of 3GPP, when a UE terminal establishes a data plane PDN Session in a registered 5GC core network, if the UE terminal selects UPF _0 using Model3, in the whole process, if the UE terminal roams to another area, a new bearer can be established using a new UPF _1, and first, a connection is established with the UPF _1, as shown in step (i) of fig. 3, the UE terminal establishes a PDN Session connection with the new UPF _1 according to the requirements of service and roaming, as shown in step (ii) of fig. 3, and meanwhile, the UE terminal keeps PDN Session connection with the original UPF _0 and the UE terminal user plane data goes through the UPF _1, and under the Model3, the data of the UE terminal can be kept very well in user data plane continuity.
The SSC Mode1/2/3 in the prior art faces the problems in LEO low-orbit satellite switching:
(1) the physical location of the gateway station is greatly different from that of a ground 2G/3G/4G/5G mobile cellular system, the construction between the gateway stations in a low-orbit satellite communication system is generally the physical distance of 2000km-5000km across time zones, while the distance between base stations of a common ground 2G/3G/4G/5G mobile cellular system is generally within 10km, and the distance between the base stations and a matched GGSN/PGW/UPF network element is generally within about 100km at a local-city level convergence office end.
(2) Gateway station deployment type global-oriented face to region and national network isolation
The low earth orbit satellite communication system is oriented to a global deployment, the ground gateway station of the low earth orbit satellite communication system is deployed in a plurality of countries according to the division of the global region, and the export of the internet of things of the plurality of countries around the world is controlled and limited to the bandwidth/content/time delay of the network.
In the existing low earth orbit satellite system based on the cellular mobile communication technology, in the data plane switching method of the ground gateway station, the time delay of the user for switching from the current gateway station to the new gateway station is caused due to the transformation of the terminal area and the switching of different low earth orbit satellite beams, and the problems of time delay, jitter, packet loss, bandwidth, network gateway inspection limitation and the like also face to the data plane switching of the gateway station corresponding to the user.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to solve the problems of time delay/jitter/packet loss/bandwidth/network gateway detection in the data plane switching of the gateway station.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a user data switching device of a low orbit satellite gateway station, which is arranged in a core network system of the gateway station and comprises a forwarding strategy controller and a downlink data cache unit, wherein the forwarding strategy controller predicts bandwidth parameters from GGSN/PGW/UPF of the gateway station to an internet center and predicts the bandwidth parameters between the GGSN/PGW/UPF of the gateway station and GGSN/PGW/UPF of an adjacent gateway station through Gn/S8/N9; receiving a switching time prediction from an operation control center; the downlink data cache unit stores a gateway station switching time table and a network parameter table of the gateway station and other system interfaces, and performs multicast forwarding and storage on the UE terminal data messages in advance.
After receiving the switching message, the forwarding strategy controller of the source gateway station determines the number of the target gateway station, and then obtains a switching delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T of the target gateway station from a gateway station switching delay table; according to the time of a switching delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T, a forwarding strategy controller of a source gateway station sends a downlink IP data message of the gateway station to covered UE terminal equipment after a HO _ T1 time period on a downlink data plane of the source gateway station, performs switching operation of different beams of different low-orbit satellites, and performs multicast forwarding on the downlink IP data message in a GTP-U message switched by all UE terminals to a target gateway station before a switching delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T time node; the target gateway station receives the downlink IP data message from the source gateway station, and the forwarding strategy controller caches the received downlink IP data message to the downlink data caching unit according to the HO _ T1 time period and the time period of the switching time delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T.
Further, the bandwidth parameters include, but are not limited to, bandwidth, delay, jitter, and packet loss rate.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for switching user data of a low earth orbit satellite gateway station, comprising the following steps:
step 3, the forwarding strategy controller of the source gateway station sends the downlink IP data message of the gateway station to the covered UE terminal equipment after HO _ T1 time period on the downlink data plane of the source gateway station according to the time of the switching time delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T, performs switching operation of different beams of different low orbit satellites, and performs multicast forwarding on the downlink IP data message in the GTP-U message switched by all UE terminals before the time node of the switching time delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T to the target gateway station;
and 4, step 4: the target gateway station receives the downlink IP data message from the source gateway station, the forwarding strategy controller caches the received downlink IP data message to the downlink data caching unit according to the HO _ T1 time period and the switching time delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T time period, when the UE terminal is switched from the beam of the source low-orbit satellite to the beam of the target low-orbit satellite, the downlink IP data message is cached to the target gateway station, and simultaneously after the GGSN/PGW/UPF completes the switching of the gateway station, the GTP session management unit reestablishes session connection, and establishes a GTP-U data channel of the uplink and downlink data message of the UE terminal.
Further, the HO _ T1 is much larger than the handover delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a low-earth orbit satellite gateway station, which includes a measurement and control system, a core network system and an external interface unit, where the core network system includes the user data switching device of the first aspect.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
under the condition that a 3G/4G/5G ground mobile cellular communication system is combined on an LEO low-orbit satellite, the invention completes the switching scene among different wave beams of different LEO low-orbit satellites, and the GGSN/PGW/UPF deployed on the gateway station completes the multicast forwarding cache preprocessing of the data plane DP, thereby well solving the problems of bandwidth/time delay/jitter/packet loss of the data plane DP caused by switching, greatly improving the time delay of a user data message at a low-orbit satellite switching gateway station (IFGS) and improving the user experience.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a Model1 for UPF handover in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a Model2 for UPF handover in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a Model3 for UPF handover in the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a low earth orbit satellite system architecture based on cellular mobile communications technology;
FIG. 5 is an architecture diagram of a gateway station in a low earth orbit satellite system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a low earth orbit satellite system switching satellite using the switching device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the data plane switching of the low earth orbit satellite gateway station of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of a method for switching user data of a gateway station of a low earth orbit satellite according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure in the specification. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely illustrative of some, and not restrictive, of the embodiments of the disclosure. The disclosure may be embodied or carried out in various other specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes may be made in the details within the description without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Example one
The architecture of a low-earth orbit satellite system based on cellular mobile communication technology is shown in fig. 4, and comprises:
(1) low earth orbit communication satellite: the system is composed of satellite loads, communication repeaters, power supply systems and the like, and the number of the satellite loads, the communication repeaters, the power supply systems and the like is generally dozens to thousands.
(2) A ground gateway station, abbreviated: gateway stations or gateway stations.
The method mainly comprises the following steps: the system comprises a measurement and control system, a core network system and an external interface unit.
The measurement and control system is composed of a beam control unit and a satellite communication control unit. The beam control unit completes the management and control of the beam of the controlled satellite, synchronizes all the test and control information with the operation and control center, and receives the storage/forwarding and transmission of the satellite beam/satellite operation parameter from the operation and control center. The satellite communication control unit completes the resource management and control of the feeder link between the satellite and the gateway station.
The core network system comprises a 3G/4G/5G core network, a user management and charging BOSS system, an IMS multimedia subsystem supporting the VoLTE/VoNR function of 4G/5G voice, a network management NMS system of core network equipment and the like.
The 3G system includes: MSC/SGSN/GGSN/HLR
The 4G system includes: MME/HSS/SGW/PGW/PCRF
The 5G system comprises: AMF/SMF/UPF/UDM/AUSF/PCF
The IMS system comprises: P/I/S-CSCF/AS/BGCF/TMG/MGW/SMSC
The BOSS system comprises: BILLING/CRM
The NMS system includes: and integrating gateway modules of all network elements.
And the external interface unit comprises an A1 interface for communicating with other gateway stations, an A2 interface for communicating with the operation control center, an A3 interface for communicating with other operator networks 2G/3G/4G/5G networks or PSTN networks, an A4 interface for connecting with the Internet and the like.
(3) The operation and control center is a core system of the whole low-orbit satellite communication and is responsible for the state monitoring of the whole system. The system is composed of basic subsystems such as comprehensive operation control, satellite state, satellite measurement and control, communication network state and the like.
In the switching scene of different beams of different satellites, because the physical distance between adjacent gateway stations is approximately 2000km-5000km, the switching of the data plane is switched at such a long physical distance, and if the switching process of the Data Plane (DP) is switched based on 3GPP ordinary cellular mobile communication, even if the continuous processing model SSC3 of the UPF data plane of the 5G core network is adopted, an expected effect cannot be achieved.
In the switching time period, the invention adds a Forwarding Policy Controller (FPC) in the core network system of the gateway station to pre-calculate the time delay of the switching process, and in the switching scene of 2000km-5000km, the Data Plane (DP) pre-forwards multicast method achieves the switching pretreatment of the user Data Plane (DP), thereby realizing the perception and smooth switching of low time delay, low jitter and less packet loss.
The invention relates to a user data switching device of a low orbit satellite gateway station, which is characterized in that a Forwarding Policy Controller (FPC) and a downlink data cache unit (DDC) are added in a core network system, and when a 5G data plane GGSN (gateway GSN)/PGW (PDN gateway)/UPF (user plane functional network element) is switched, the downlink data cache unit (DDC) carries out pre-multicast forwarding and storage on a UE terminal data message.
The main functions of the Forwarding Policy Controller (FPC) include:
(a) and predicting the exit bandwidth parameters from the GGSN/PGW/UPF of the gateway station to the Internet center, wherein the bandwidth parameters include but are not limited to bandwidth BandWidth (BW), delay (delay), jitter (jitter), packet loss ratio loss (loss) and the like.
(b) Predicting the bandwidth BandWidth (BW), the time Delay, the Jitter and the packet Loss ratio Loss between the GGSN/PGW/UPF of the gateway station and the GGSN/PGW/UPF of the adjacent gateway station through the Gn/S8/N9 network interface.
(c) And receiving the switching time prediction from the operation control center.
As shown in table 1, Next _ IFGS _ No is the number of the target gateway station, CP _ HO _ T represents control plane switching time, DP _ HO _ T represents user data plane switching time, and N9_ Transfer _ T represents the time required for forwarding the data packet of the source gateway station to the target gateway station.
| Next_IFGS_No | CP_HO_T | DP_HO_T | N9_Transfer_T |
| AA_003 | 510ms | 480ms | 430ms |
| AS_001 | 720ms | 680ms | 600ms |
| SA_001 | 840ms | 750ms | 730ms |
| ER_005 | 570ms | 500ms | 460ms |
TABLE 1
(d) And multicast forwarding and receiving of downlink IP data messages in GTP-U messages of the UE terminal.
After receiving the switching message, the forwarding strategy controller of the source gateway station determines the number of the target gateway station, and then obtains a switching delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T of the target gateway station from a gateway station switching delay table; according to the time of a switching delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T, a forwarding strategy controller of a source gateway station sends a downlink IP data message of the gateway station to covered UE terminal equipment after a HO _ T1 time period on a downlink data plane of the source gateway station, performs switching operation of different beams of different low-orbit satellites, and performs multicast forwarding on the downlink IP data message in a GTP-U message switched by all UE terminals to a target gateway station before a switching delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T time node; the target gateway station receives the downlink IP data message from the source gateway station, and the forwarding strategy controller caches the received downlink IP data message to the downlink data caching unit thereof according to the HO _ T1 time period and the time period of the switching time delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T
The Forwarding Policy Controller (FPC) and the downlink data buffer unit (DDC) added in the low orbit satellite gateway station periodically detect network parameters such as communication Bandwidth (BW)/Delay (Delay)/Jitter (Jitter)/loss) and the like among interfaces A1, A2, A3 and A4. After receiving a switching instruction from an operation control center, a Forwarding Policy Controller (FPC) of a source gateway station (S _ IFGS) selects one of the gateway stations as a target gateway station according to network condition parameters of each interface of the gateway station, such as table 2.
TABLE 2
Example two
The embodiment provides a user data switching method for a low-earth orbit satellite gateway station, which is implemented based on the low-earth orbit satellite gateway station of the first embodiment.
First, the handover procedure of the low earth orbit satellite communication system with cellular mobile communication technology is introduced:
the low earth orbit satellite is generally in a high-speed operation state in space, operates according to a certain orbit, and after the low earth orbit satellite is combined with a mobile communication system, has a very great difference in the aspect of switching relative to a ground mobile cellular communication system, and the low earth orbit satellite communication switching condition comprises: the switching process of the method is relative to the detection process of a ground mobile cellular communication system, the decision complexity is greatly increased, and more conditions are involved in the operation process. Combining all the above, low earth orbit satellite communication systems, handover falls into two broad categories:
(1) handover between different beams within the same low earth orbit satellite
On the same low earth orbit satellite, it is generally designed that on the low earth orbit satellite load, there are multiple repeaters and multiple beams, for which there will be multiple baseband pools to support multi-beam retransmission and concurrent processing for large users. Therefore, in the same low earth orbit satellite, the switching of the same baseband resource and the switching between different baseband are involved.
a) Handover of same baseband resource
In the same low-orbit satellite, one beam belongs to a wireless base station baseband, and in the scene switching, the processing is not needed on the basis, the processing is not needed on the GGSN/PGW/UPF data plane DP of the core network corresponding to the gateway station, and the switching between different beams is completed only by the low-orbit satellite load.
b) Switching between different base bands
In the same low-orbit satellite, a plurality of wave beams belong to one wireless base station baseband, one low-orbit satellite has a plurality of wireless base station baseband, the switching between the wave beams relates to the switching between different wave beams between different base bands, the switching between different base bands is completed according to a standard switching process, and simultaneously, the flow support of switching between different base bands is completed corresponding to a core network system in a gateway station. In this method, the change of the tunnel gateway station in the GGSN/PGW/UPF data plane is not involved, and thus the influence on the reality is not large.
(2) Switching between different beams of different low earth orbit satellites
The invention relates to different beam switching among different low orbit satellites, which relates to switching among different beams, different base bands and different gateway stations, and solves the problems that the physical distance between different adjacent gateway stations is 2000km-5000km, the time delay of a user data plane DP of a GGSN/PGW/UPF (gateway GPRS support node) of a core network system on the gateway stations is delayed and the like.
In the data switching method of the invention, a source low orbit satellite (S _ LEO), a target low orbit satellite (T _ LEO), a source gateway station (S _ IFGS), a target gateway station (T _ IFGS), and a covered UE terminal user receive a switching instruction from an operation control center to prepare for switching between different low orbit satellites. And a forwarding strategy controller FPC of a core network system of the source gateway station (S _ IFGS) determines the number No of the target gateway station (T _ IFGS), and obtains a time parameter N9_ Transfer _ T for forwarding the data message to the target gateway station (T _ IFGS) from a gateway station switching delay table according to the switching HO _ T1 time. After the HO _ T1 time period, the downlink IP data message of the gateway station is sent to the covered UE terminal equipment, the switching operation of different beams of different low orbit satellites is carried out, and before the N9_ Transfer _ T time node, the downlink IP data message in the GTP-U message for switching all the UE terminals is multicast and forwarded to the target gateway station (T _ IFGS). And the forwarding strategy controller FPC of the destination gateway station (T _ IFGS) receives the data message of the GGSN/PGW/UPF user data plane DP from the source gateway station (S _ IFGS), calculates according to the time of HO _ T1, and stores the data message in a downlink data cache unit. After HO _ T1 time is up, after different wave beams between a source low orbit satellite (S _ LEO) and a target low orbit satellite (T _ LEO) are switched, the UE terminal user where the UE terminal user is located re-requests a downlink data message of a user data plane, a forwarding strategy controller FPC of a target gateway station (T _ IFGS) encapsulates the downlink data message of the UE terminal user in a downlink data cache unit according to a baseband interface empty network message, and the UE terminal user which is just switched is sent.
In this scenario, especially the baseband processing unit providing baseband services for different satellites/different beams, in the handover processing procedure, there is a great difference from the procedure defined by 3GPP, because the baseband is at different gateway stations in this scenario, and the flow of processing of the corresponding core network system at different gateway stations, especially the core network data plane unit GGSN/PGW/UPF of a gateway station, is a cross-gateway station procedure, and no matter the SSC1/2/3 mode defined in UPF, the data plane handover in this scenario cannot be supported, so that the UE terminal user is unaware when applying the handover processing procedure.
According to the method, the switching between different beams of different low-orbit satellites is realized, the DP of the user data plane of the UE terminal is delayed by N9_ Transfer _ T in advance, the user experience is greatly improved, and the perception of the user on the switching of the low-orbit satellites is reduced.
In this scenario, switching between different satellites, different beams, different base bands, different gateway stations, an interface between a satellite feeder link, a user link, a base band and a core network of a gateway station from an air interface, and the like are involved.
As shown in fig. 7, the UE terminal equipment is connected through the low earth satellite 1(S _ LEO) beam at baseband to which the current gateway station 0 is connected. When the physical location of the low earth satellite 1(S _ LEO) serving the UE terminal equipment changes due to the motion trajectory or the operation of the UE itself, the UE terminal performs beam switching between different low earth satellites, and switches from the beam n of the low earth satellite 1(S _ LEO) to the beam m of the low earth satellite 2(T _ LEO). There are 2 cases when this handover occurs:
(a) handover of the covered access UE terminal occurs because of the change of the trajectory of the low earth orbit satellite.
(b) Handover of the UE terminal occurs because of the mobile location change of the UE terminal.
The main switching flow is shown in fig. 8, and the switching steps are as follows:
And step 2, after the forwarding strategy controller unit FPC of the source gateway station (S _ IFGS) receives the switching message, determining the number No of the target gateway station (T _ IFGS), and then obtaining the switching delay parameters CP _ HO _ T, DP _ HO _ T and N9_ Transfer _ T of the target gateway station from the gateway station switching delay table.
And 3, transmitting the downlink IP data message of the gateway station to covered UE terminal equipment by an FPC (flexible printed circuit) of the source gateway station (S _ IFGS) on a downlink Data Plane (DP) of the source gateway station (S _ IFGS) after a HO _ T1 time period according to the N9_ Transfer _ T time, carrying out switching operation of different beams of different low orbit satellites, and carrying out multicast forwarding on the downlink IP data message in a GTP-U message switched by all UE terminals to a target gateway station (T _ IFGS) before an N9_ Transfer _ T time node.
The delay condition is required in the scene: HO _ T1> > CP _ HO _ T, DP _ HO _ T, N9_ Transfer _ T.
And 4, step 4: when a UE terminal is switched from a wave beam N of a low orbit satellite 0(S _ LEO) to a wave beam m of a low orbit satellite 1(T _ LEO), the downlink data message of the UE is cached to the target gateway station (T _ IFGS) which finishes switching, and meanwhile, after the GGSN/PGW/UPF finishes switching the gateway stations, a GTP Session management unit reestablishes Session, acquires APNs of rows and establishes GTP-U data channels of uplink and downlink data messages of the UE.
The method effectively reduces the time N9_ Transfer _ T from the Data Plane (DP) of GGSN/PGW/UPF of a source gateway station to the data plane of a target gateway station in the switching process of the user data packet, effectively reduces the time delay of the Data Plane (DP) in the switching process after completing the beam switching of different low orbit satellites in the HO _ T1 time, and greatly improves the imperceptibility of the user. The scheme of the invention solves the problem that the data plane processing unit processes the GGSN/PGW/UPF under the 3G/4G/5G wireless network system under the scene of switching different beams of different low orbit satellites. The method adds a forwarding policy device (FPC) and a downlink data buffer unit (DDC) in each gateway station to achieve the effect of smoothly switching Data Planes (DP) between different beams of different low-orbit satellites.
The above description is for the purpose of illustrating embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and principle of the invention shall fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A user data switching apparatus for a low earth orbit satellite gateway station, comprising: the system is arranged in a gateway station core network system and comprises a forwarding strategy controller and a downlink data cache unit, wherein the forwarding strategy controller predicts the bandwidth parameters from the GGSN/PGW/UPF of the gateway station to an internet center, predicts the bandwidth parameters between the GGSN/PGW/UPF of the gateway station and the GGSN/PGW/UPF of the adjacent gateway station through a Gn/S8/N9 network interface, receives the switching time prediction from an operation and control center, and performs multicast forwarding and storage on UE terminal data messages in advance; the downlink data cache unit stores a gateway station switching time table and a network parameter table of the gateway station and other system interfaces;
after receiving the switching message, the forwarding strategy controller of the source gateway station determines the number of the target gateway station, and then obtains a switching delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T of the target gateway station from a gateway station switching delay table; according to the time of a switching delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T, a forwarding strategy controller of a source gateway station sends a downlink IP data message of the gateway station to covered UE terminal equipment after a HO _ T1 time period on a downlink data plane of the source gateway station, performs switching operation of different beams of different low-orbit satellites, and performs multicast forwarding on the downlink IP data message in a GTP-U message switched by all UE terminals to a target gateway station before a switching delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T time node; the target gateway station receives the downlink IP data message from the source gateway station, and the forwarding strategy controller caches the received downlink IP data message to the downlink data caching unit according to the HO _ T1 time period and the time period of the switching time delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switching means comprises: the bandwidth parameters comprise bandwidth, time delay, jitter and packet loss rate.
3. A user data switching method of a low earth orbit satellite gateway station is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, the operation and control center sends a message about switching to a source gateway station, a target gateway station, a source low-orbit satellite, a target low-orbit satellite and a UE terminal in an area covered by the source low-orbit satellite, and switching operation is carried out after a HO _ T1 time period is determined;
step 2, after receiving the switching message, the forwarding strategy controller of the source gateway station determines the number of the target gateway station, and then obtains the switching delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T of the target gateway station from the gateway station switching delay table;
step 3, the forwarding strategy controller of the source gateway station sends the downlink IP data message of the gateway station to the covered UE terminal equipment after HO _ T1 time period on the downlink data plane of the source gateway station according to the time of the switching time delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T, performs switching operation of different beams of different low orbit satellites, and performs multicast forwarding on the downlink IP data message in the GTP-U message switched by all UE terminals before the time node of the switching time delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T to the target gateway station;
and 4, step 4: the target gateway station receives the downlink IP data message from the source gateway station, the forwarding strategy controller caches the received downlink IP data message to the downlink data caching unit according to the HO _ T1 time period and the switching time delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T time period, when the UE terminal is switched from the beam of the source low-orbit satellite to the beam of the target low-orbit satellite, the downlink IP data message is cached to the target gateway station, and simultaneously after the GGSN/PGW/UPF completes the switching of the gateway station, the GTP session management unit reestablishes session connection, and establishes a GTP-U data channel of the uplink and downlink data message of the UE terminal.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises: the HO _ T1 is much larger than the handover delay parameter N9_ Transfer _ T.
5. The utility model provides a low orbit satellite gateway station, includes observes and controls system, core network system and external interface unit, its characterized in that: the core network system includes the subscriber data switching apparatus of claim 1.
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