CN111262038A - Planar Bessel lens based on non-diffraction beam deflection of super surface and method - Google Patents
Planar Bessel lens based on non-diffraction beam deflection of super surface and method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
Abstract
The invention provides a planar Bessel lens based on super-surface non-diffraction beam deflection and a method for regulating and controlling beams by using the planar Bessel lens, wherein the planar Bessel lens comprises a grounding medium floor, a feed source, a planar flat lens and an asymmetric gradient refractive index lens are sequentially arranged above the grounding medium floor along the positive propagation direction of a Bessel beam, and the back of the grounding medium floor is provided with a metal ground; the planar flat lens and the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens are both composed of super surface units with different sizes, the planar flat lens converts spherical waves radiated by a point source into planar waves, and the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens is used for emitting the planar waves according to a specific deflection angle, so that a beam overlapping area is formed after the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens passes through.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of non-diffraction antennas, relates to super-surface design, and particularly relates to a planar Bessel lens based on a beam deflection non-diffraction surface wave of a super-surface.
Background
A non-diffracted beam, i.e. a beam that is not diffracted in the direction of propagation. It is of many kinds, such as: mathieu beams, Bessel beams, Vortex beams, and the like. The Bessel beam is a special solution of a free space wave equation, has the good characteristics of small main lobe size, long focal depth, good directivity and the like, and has very obvious advantages compared with other beams in the fields of energy transmission, near-field detection, high-resolution imaging and the like. At present, Bessel non-diffraction beam research of optical, millimeter wave and microwave frequency ranges has some achievements. Many researchers have proposed successively Bessel non-diffractive beam generation methods such as the ring-seam method, the axicon method, the resonator method, the holography method, and the leaky-wave method. Most of the generated Bessel non-diffraction beams propagate in the direction perpendicular to the aperture of the antenna, and the beam pointing direction is always kept unchanged.
The metamaterial has the advantage of regulating and controlling the electromagnetic wave characteristics. The super surface is a two-dimensional form of a metamaterial, has the advantages of simple structure and easiness in processing, and can be applied to regulation and control of non-diffraction beams. Y.b.li, b.g.cai, x.wan et al: "Diffraction-free surface waves by means of surfaces," Optics Letters, vol.39, No.20, pp.5888-91,2014. A non-diffractive lens antenna based on a two-dimensional super-surface is disclosed. The half Maxwell fisheye lens is combined with the plane flat lens, so that the conversion from a point source to a non-diffraction surface wave is realized. Unfortunately, the non-diffracted surface waves realized by the literature can only propagate in the direction perpendicular to the aperture surface of the lens, and the deflection propagation of the non-diffracted beam is not realized. Liu, A.Noor, L.L.Du et al, in the document "inorganic reflection and non-destructive Bessel-Beam Generation of Terahertz Waves through Transmission-Type coding methods", disclose a non-diffractive Beam generating device based on an encodable super-surface cell. The programmable super surface is composed of an array consisting of three layers of resonant ring units with different deflection directions. By changing the opening angle and the orientation of the resonant ring, a phase difference of 0-2 pi can be generated. And different coding sequences are arranged to realize a transmission type coding super-surface structure so as to generate vertical and inclined Bessel non-diffraction beams. However, the programmable super-surface unit needs a multi-layer structure, is complex in structure, needs an additional feed source, and is inconvenient to integrate. Cheng, D. -W.Liu, J. -W.Wu, H. -L Li et al in the document "Frequency scanning non-diffraction beam by measuring surface", Applied physics letters,2017,110,3,031108, propose a super-surface reflection array that produces a non-diffracted beam. The super-surface reflection array can generate non-diffraction beams with different deflection angles in a Ku frequency band by changing the working frequency, and realizes the scanning of the non-diffraction beams at different angles. However, the device adopts a horn feed source, so that the device has the defects of large volume, easy beam shielding and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a planar Bessel lens based on super-surface non-diffraction beam deflection, which solves the problems of complex structure and difficulty in integrated integration in the prior art. The invention provides a plane Bessel lens for deflecting non-diffraction beams based on a super-surface structure, which comprises a plane flat lens and an asymmetric gradient refractive index lens, wherein the plane flat lens and the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens are composed of super-surface units with different sizes. The plane flat lens converts spherical waves radiated by a point source into plane waves, and the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens is used for emitting the plane waves according to a specific deflection angle, so that a beam overlapping region (a non-diffraction forming region) is formed after the plane waves pass through the refractive index lens.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a planar Bessel lens based on super-surface non-diffraction beam deflection comprises a grounding medium floor 6, wherein a feed source 1, a planar flat lens 2 and an asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3 are sequentially arranged above the grounding medium floor 6 along the positive propagation direction of a Bessel beam, and the back of the grounding medium floor 6 is provided with a metal ground;
the feed source 1 is located on a transverse central line of a grounding medium floor 6, the feed source 1 is located at the focal length of a planar flat lens 2, the positive propagation direction of the Bezier beam is the positive direction of an x axis, the x axis is coincident with the transverse central line of the grounding medium floor 6, the positive propagation direction perpendicular to the Bezier beam is the y direction, and the planar flat lens 2, the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3, the first matching layer 4 and the second matching layer 5 are all arranged into an array by super-surface units with periodic structures; the super surface unit array is distributed on an xy plane;
the planar flat lens 2 is vertically symmetrical on the xy plane about an x axis, the first matching layers 4 are positioned on the left side and the right side of the planar flat lens 2 and are used for realizing impedance matching between the feed source 1 and the planar flat lens 2, so that spherical wave energy radiated by the feed source 1 enters the planar flat lens 2 without loss and is radiated from the planar flat lens 2 without loss;
the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3 is vertically asymmetric about an x axis on an xy plane, and the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3 is composed of super surface units with different sizes; the size of the super-surface unit is changed in an increasing or decreasing manner along the positive direction of the y axis, so that plane waves are ensured to be emitted according to a certain deflection angle, and an inclined non-diffraction wave beam with a certain deflection angle is formed;
the second matching layers 5 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the asymmetric gradient index lens 3 and are used for realizing impedance matching between the planar flat lens 2 and the asymmetric gradient index lens 3, so that planar waves emitted from the planar flat lens 2 enter the asymmetric gradient index lens 3 without loss and are emitted from the asymmetric gradient index lens 3 without loss.
Preferably, the super surface unit is a resonant structure of any size or shape.
Preferably, the super surface unit is one of a square ring structure, a square patch structure, an open single-ring or double-ring structure, and a cross-shaped patch structure.
Preferably, the ground dielectric floor 6 is a dielectric plate made of any dielectric material.
Preferably, the planar flat lens 2 is arranged in an array by super surface units with different sizes, and the sizes of the super surface units are simultaneously changed in an increasing or decreasing manner from a transverse center line, namely an x axis to a y axis in positive and negative directions; the super-surface unit array of the planar flat lens 2 is vertically symmetrical about the x axis, so that the refractive index is ensured to be changed from the center of the planar flat lens 2 to the positive and negative directions of the y axis in the same way, and spherical waves radiated by a point source are converted into planar waves.
Preferably, the asymmetric gradient index lens 3 is formed by arranging super-surface units with different sizes into an array, and the size of the super-surface units is increased or decreased along the positive direction of the y axis; the super-surface unit array of the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3 is vertically asymmetric about an x axis, so that plane waves are ensured to be emitted at a certain deflection angle, and an inclined non-diffraction beam with a certain deflection angle is formed.
Preferably, the first matching layer 4 is formed by arranging super-surface units with different sizes into an array, the size of the super-surface units is changed in a manner that the super-surface units are increased or decreased from a transverse center line, namely, the x axis to the y axis, in the positive direction and the negative direction, and the super-surface unit array is symmetrical up and down about the x axis, so that impedance matching is realized, phase compensation is also realized, and spherical waves are converted into plane waves.
Preferably, the second matching layer 5 is formed by arranging super-surface units with the same size into an array, and is used for keeping the emergent deflection angle of the plane wave unchanged in the propagation process of the matching layer and only realizing impedance matching.
Preferably, the first matching layer 4 and the second matching layer 5 have a thickness of one quarter of the wavelength thereof.
Preferably, the proposed planar Bessel lens for non-diffractive beam deflection of the super-surface is extended to a metamaterial lens with a three-dimensional structure, thereby realizing non-diffractive beam deflection. A three-dimensional structured metamaterial lens such as a luneberg lens.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for beam adjustment and control by using the above planar bezier lens based on non-diffraction beam deflection of a super-surface, specifically: spherical waves radiated by the feed source 1 are converted into plane waves through the plane flat lens 2, and the spherical waves radiated by the feed source 1 reach the center of the plane flat lens 2 and have a phase difference with the edge of the plane flat lens 2, so the plane flat lens 2 is a gradient refractive index lens to compensate the phase difference of the spherical waves reaching the center and the edge of the plane flat lens 2, so that the wave beams have the same phase after being transmitted through the lens to form the plane waves; then, the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3 has asymmetric refractive index, so that the plane wave is transmitted through the lens and emitted at different deflection angles to form a beam overlapping region with a certain deflection angle, namely a non-diffraction forming region, and the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3 has different refractive indexes at different positions to compensate the phase of the emission angle and ensure that the beams with different deflection angles are simultaneously reached in the non-diffraction region; in addition, the wave can generate reflection on the interface of the two lenses, and in order to ensure that the wave radiated from the feed source passes through the planar Bessel lens without loss, a first matching layer 4 and a second matching layer 5 are introduced between the two lenses, the thickness of the matching layer is a quarter wavelength, the first matching layer is a super-surface array with gradient refractive index change, and the spherical wave radiated from the point source is ensured to be converted into the planar wave; the second matching layer is a super-surface array consisting of resonance rings with the same size, and wave is guaranteed not to change in the propagation process. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a planar Bessel lens for realizing non-diffraction surface wave beam deflection based on a super-surface array, aiming at the defects of the existing non-diffraction wave beam generating device with a certain deflection angle, wherein the planar Bessel lens consists of super-surface units with different sizes. The plane flat lens converts spherical waves radiated by the point source into plane waves, and the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens is used for emitting the plane waves according to a specific deflection angle, so that a beam overlapping area (a non-diffraction forming area) is formed after the plane waves pass through the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens. The invention adopts the two-dimensional super-surface array, not only can form non-diffraction surface waves, but also can be expanded into a three-dimensional metamaterial lens to generate non-diffraction beams with a certain deflection angle. The invention has simple structure and is easy to integrate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planar bessel lens according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an overall structural view of a flat lens according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a plane wave generated by the planar plate lens according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the refractive index distribution of the flat plate lens according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows the refractive index profile of an asymmetric gradient index lens according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the structure and dispersion curve of the super-surface resonant unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 shows a non-diffracted beam with a certain deflection angle generated by a Bessel planar lens according to the present invention
The device comprises a feed source 1, a planar flat lens 2, an asymmetric gradient index lens 3, a first matching layer 4, a second matching layer 5 and a grounding medium floor 6.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
A planar Bessel lens based on super-surface non-diffraction beam deflection comprises a grounding medium floor 6, wherein a feed source 1, a planar flat lens 2 and an asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3 are sequentially arranged above the grounding medium floor 6 along the positive propagation direction of a Bessel beam, and the back of the grounding medium floor 6 is provided with a metal ground;
the feed source 1 is located on a transverse central line of a grounding medium floor 6, the feed source 1 is located at the focal length of a planar flat lens 2, the positive propagation direction of the Bezier beam is the positive direction of an x axis, the x axis is coincident with the transverse central line of the grounding medium floor 6, the positive propagation direction perpendicular to the Bezier beam is the y direction, and the planar flat lens 2, the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3, the first matching layer 4 and the second matching layer 5 are all arranged into an array by super-surface units with periodic structures; the super surface unit array is distributed on an xy plane;
the planar flat lens 2 is vertically symmetrical on the xy plane about the x axis, and the planar flat lens 2 consists of super surface units with different sizes; the super-surface element size varies incrementally or decreasingly outward from the transverse centerline. The first matching layers 4 are positioned at the left side and the right side of the planar flat lens 2 and are used for realizing impedance matching between the feed source 1 and the planar flat lens 2, so that spherical wave energy radiated by the feed source 1 can enter the planar flat lens 2 without loss and can be emitted from the planar flat lens 2 without loss;
the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3 is vertically asymmetric about an x axis on an xy plane, and the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3 is composed of super surface units with different sizes; the size of the super-surface unit is changed in an increasing or decreasing manner along the positive direction of the y axis, so that plane waves are ensured to be emitted according to a certain deflection angle, and an inclined non-diffraction wave beam with a certain deflection angle is formed;
the second matching layers 5 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the asymmetric gradient index lens 3 and are used for realizing impedance matching between the planar flat lens 2 and the asymmetric gradient index lens 3, so that planar waves emitted from the planar flat lens 2 enter the asymmetric gradient index lens 3 without loss and are emitted from the asymmetric gradient index lens 3 without loss.
Preferably, the super surface unit is a resonant structure of any size or any shape.
Further preferably, the super surface unit is one of a square ring structure, a square patch structure, an open single or double ring structure, and a cross patch structure.
Preferably, the grounding dielectric floor 6 is a dielectric plate made of any dielectric material.
Preferably, the planar flat lens 2 is arranged in an array by super surface units with different sizes, and the sizes of the super surface units are simultaneously changed in an increasing or decreasing manner from a transverse center line, namely an x axis to a y axis in positive and negative directions; the super-surface unit array of the planar flat lens 2 is vertically symmetrical about the x axis, so that the refractive index is ensured to be changed from the center of the planar flat lens 2 to the positive and negative directions of the y axis in the same way, and spherical waves radiated by a point source are converted into planar waves.
Preferably, the asymmetric gradient index lens 3 is arranged in an array by super surface units with different sizes, and the size of the super surface units is increased or decreased along the positive direction of the y axis; the super-surface unit array of the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3 is vertically asymmetric about an x axis, so that plane waves are ensured to be emitted at a certain deflection angle, and an inclined non-diffraction beam with a certain deflection angle is formed.
Preferably, the first matching layer 4 is formed by arranging super-surface units with different sizes into an array, the size of the super-surface unit is changed in a manner that the super-surface unit is increased or decreased from a transverse center line, namely, the positive direction and the negative direction of the x-axis and the y-axis, and the super-surface unit array is symmetrical up and down about the x-axis, so that impedance matching is realized, phase compensation is also realized, and spherical waves are converted into plane waves.
Preferably, the second matching layer 5 is formed by arranging super-surface units with the same size into an array, and is used for keeping the emergent deflection angle of the plane wave unchanged in the propagation process of the matching layer and only realizing impedance matching.
Preferably, the thickness of the first matching layer 4 and the second matching layer 5 is a quarter of the wavelength therein.
Preferably, the plane Bessel lens for non-diffraction beam deflection of the super surface is expanded into a metamaterial lens with a three-dimensional structure, and non-diffraction beam deflection is realized.
As shown in fig. 1, first, the planar plate lens 2 converts a point source into a lens of a plane wave. The point source S is placed at the focal length of the plane flat lens 2, the distance from the left side face of the plane flat lens 2 is F, the thickness of the plane flat lens 2 is H1, and the caliber of the plane flat lens is D. After the refractive index at the center of the lens is determined, since the spherical wave radiated from the point source reaches the center of the planar flat lens 2 and has a phase difference with the edge thereof, the gradient refractive index lens is adopted to realize phase compensation, so that the planar wave radiated from the point source has the same phase after transmitting through the planar flat lens 2, and a planar wave is formed, as shown in fig. 3. At this time, the refractive index distribution of the planar plate lens 2 is as shown in fig. 4.
Then, the plane wave is emitted from the plane plate lens 2, and then passes through the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3, so that the two sides of the beam have different emission angles after passing through the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3, and a non-diffraction beam area with a certain deflection angle is formed.
The thickness H2 of the asymmetric gradient index lens 3 is equal to the thickness of the plane wave incident from the point A after passing through the asymmetric gradient index lens 3
The plane wave incident from the point B passes through the asymmetric gradient index lens 3 to be emitted in an angle deflection way
The two beams are angularly deflected and exit, and form an overlapping region (non-diffraction region) with a certain deflection angle (forming theta with the positive x axis). At this time, the distribution of the refractive index of the asymmetric gradient index lens 3 from the center is as shown in fig. 5.
The whole plane Bessel lens adopts a super-surface array consisting of metal resonance rings. By adjusting the dimensions of the resonant quad-rings (with different phases of reflection, as shown in fig. 6), the desired index of refraction is achieved. In order to pass the wave energy emitted from a point source through the entire planar bessel lens with low loss, a first matching layer and a second matching layer are provided on both sides of the planar plate lens 2 and the asymmetric gradient index lens 3. The matching layer is typically a quarter wavelength thick. The first matching layer is a super-surface array with gradient refractive index change, so that spherical wave energy radiated from a point source is smoothly converted into plane wave; the second matching layer is a super-surface array consisting of resonance rings with the same size, and wave is guaranteed not to change in the propagation process. The plane Bessel lens for the non-diffraction beam deflection of the super surface can be expanded into a metamaterial lens with a three-dimensional structure, and the non-diffraction beam deflection is realized. The invention has simple structure and is easy to integrate.
The aperture D of the lens of the embodiment is 80mm, the deflection angle of the non-diffraction beam is 20 degrees, and the non-diffraction distance is 66.93 mm. H1 is 28mm and H2 is 28 mm. The periodic side length of the super-surface unit is 4mm, a grounding dielectric plate with the dielectric constant of 6.15 is adopted to cover a metal square ring, and the width of the ring is 0.3 mm. The operating frequency of the whole lens is 10 GHz. Feeding power at the focal length of the flat lens 2 at the transverse center line of the lens by a coaxial connector, converting spherical waves emitted from a point source into plane waves through the plane flat lens, and then changing the emitting direction of the plane waves through the asymmetric gradient index lens to enable the plane waves to be emitted according to a certain deflection angle. The two plane waves with different emergent angles are superposed to form a non-diffraction area with a certain deflection angle.
From the simulation results, it can be seen that the non-diffracted beam has a deflection angle of 19.98 ° and a maximum undiffracted distance of 62.36mm, as shown in fig. 7.
The embodiment further provides a method for performing beam adjustment and control by using the planar bessel lens based on the non-diffraction beam deflection of the super-surface, which specifically comprises the following steps: spherical waves radiated by the feed source 1 are converted into plane waves through the plane flat lens 2, and the spherical waves radiated by the feed source 1 reach the center of the plane flat lens 2 and have a phase difference with the edge of the plane flat lens 2, and the plane flat lens 2 is a gradient refractive index lens to compensate the phase difference of the spherical waves reaching the center and the edge of the plane flat lens 2, so that wave beams have the same phase after transmitting the lens, and the plane waves are formed; then, the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3 has asymmetric refractive index, so that the plane wave has different deflection angles after transmitting through the lens and is emitted out, a beam overlapping area with a certain deflection angle, namely a non-diffraction forming area is formed, and the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens 3 has different refractive indexes at different positions to compensate the phase of an emission angle, thereby ensuring that the beams with different deflection angles in the non-diffraction area are simultaneously reached; the wave is additionally reflected at the interface of the two lenses, so that a first matching layer 4 and a second matching layer 5 are introduced between the two lenses, the matching layers being one quarter wavelength thick. The first matching layer is a super-surface array with gradient refractive index change, so that spherical wave energy radiated from a point source is smoothly converted into plane wave; the second matching layer is a super-surface array consisting of resonance rings with the same size, and wave is guaranteed not to change in the propagation process.
The planar Bessel lens based on the non-diffraction beam deflection of the super surface adopts the planar flat lens and the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens to convert spherical waves radiated by a point source into non-diffraction waves with a certain deflection angle. The invention has simple structure and is easy to integrate. The plane Bessel lens based on the super-surface non-diffraction beam deflection can be expanded into a three-dimensional metamaterial lens, realizes non-diffraction beam deflection, and can be widely applied to the fields of wireless energy transmission, near-field detection, medical imaging, covert communication and the like.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The planar Bessel lens based on the non-diffraction beam deflection of the super surface is characterized by comprising a grounding medium floor (6), wherein a feed source (1), a planar flat lens (2) and an asymmetric gradient refractive index lens (3) are sequentially arranged above the grounding medium floor (6) along the positive propagation direction of a Bessel beam, and a metal ground is arranged on the back surface of the grounding medium floor (6);
the feed source (1) is located on a transverse center line of the grounding medium floor (6), the feed source (1) is located at the focal length of the planar flat lens (2), the positive propagation direction of the Bezier beam is the positive direction of an x axis, the x axis is superposed with the transverse center line of the grounding medium floor (6), the positive propagation direction perpendicular to the Bezier beam is the y direction, and the planar flat lens (2), the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens (3), the first matching layer (4) and the second matching layer (5) are all arranged into an array by super-surface units of a periodic structure; the super surface unit array is distributed on an xy plane;
the planar flat lens (2) is vertically symmetrical about an x axis on an xy plane, the first matching layers (4) are located on the left side and the right side of the planar flat lens (2) and used for achieving impedance matching of the feed source (1) and the planar flat lens (2), spherical wave energy radiated by the feed source (1) enters the planar flat lens (2) without loss, and the spherical wave energy is emitted from the planar flat lens (2) without loss;
the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens (3) is vertically asymmetric about an x axis on an xy plane, and the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens (3) is composed of super surface units with different sizes; the size of the super-surface unit is changed in an increasing or decreasing manner along the positive direction of the y axis, so that plane waves are ensured to be emitted according to a certain deflection angle, and an inclined non-diffraction wave beam with a certain deflection angle is formed;
the second matching layers (5) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the asymmetric gradient index lens (3) and are used for realizing impedance matching of the planar flat lens (2) and the asymmetric gradient index lens (3), so that plane waves emitted by the planar flat lens (2) enter the asymmetric gradient index lens (3) without loss and are emitted from the asymmetric gradient index lens (3) without loss.
2. The super-surface based non-diffractive beam-deflecting planar bezier lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: the super-surface unit is a resonant structure of any size or shape.
3. The super-surface based non-diffractive beam-deflecting planar bezier lens according to claim 2, characterized in that: the super-surface unit is one of a square ring structure, a square patch structure, an open single-ring or double-ring structure and a cross patch structure.
4. The super-surface based non-diffractive beam-deflecting planar bezier lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: the planar flat lens (2) is arranged in an array by super surface units with different sizes, and the sizes of the super surface units are simultaneously changed in an increasing or decreasing manner from a transverse central line, namely an x axis to a y axis in positive and negative directions; the super-surface unit array of the planar flat lens (2) is vertically symmetrical about an x axis, the refractive index is ensured to be changed from the center of the planar flat lens (2) to the positive and negative directions of a y axis in the same way, and spherical waves radiated by a point source are converted into planar waves.
5. The super-surface based non-diffractive beam-deflecting planar bezier lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens (3) is arranged in an array by super surface units with different sizes, and the size of the super surface units is gradually increased or decreased along the positive direction of the y axis; the super-surface unit array of the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens (3) is vertically asymmetric about an x axis, so that plane waves are ensured to be emitted at a certain deflection angle, and an inclined non-diffraction beam with a certain deflection angle is formed.
6. The super-surface based non-diffractive beam-deflecting planar bezier lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first matching layer (4) is formed by arranging super-surface units with different sizes into an array, the sizes of the super-surface units are simultaneously changed in an increasing or decreasing mode from a transverse center line, namely the positive direction and the negative direction of an x-axis to a y-axis, the super-surface unit array is vertically symmetrical about the x-axis, impedance matching is achieved, phase compensation is also achieved, and spherical waves are converted into plane waves.
7. The super-surface based non-diffractive beam-deflecting planar bezier lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second matching layer (5) is formed by arranging super-surface units with the same size into an array, and is used for keeping the emergent deflection angle of the plane wave unchanged in the transmission process of the matching layer and only realizing impedance matching.
8. The super-surface based non-diffractive beam-deflecting planar bezier lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first matching layer (4) and the second matching layer (5) have a thickness of one quarter of the wavelength thereof.
9. The super-surface based non-diffractive beam-deflecting planar bezier lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plane Bessel lens of the non-diffraction beam deflection of the super surface is expanded into a metamaterial lens with a three-dimensional structure, and the non-diffraction beam deflection is realized.
10. The method for beam steering using the super-surface based non-diffractive beam-deflecting planar bessel lens of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: spherical waves radiated by the feed source (1) are converted into plane waves through the plane flat lens (2), and the spherical waves radiated by the feed source (1) reach the center of the plane flat lens (2) and have a phase difference with the edge of the plane flat lens, so the plane flat lens (2) is a gradient refractive index lens to compensate the phase difference between the spherical waves reaching the center and the edge of the plane flat lens (2), so that the wave beams have the same phase after being transmitted through the lens to form the plane waves, then the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens (3) has asymmetric refractive index, so that the plane waves have different deflection angles after being transmitted through the lens to be emitted, a wave beam overlapping region with a certain deflection angle, namely a non-diffraction forming region is formed, and the asymmetric gradient refractive index lens (3) has different refractive indexes at different positions to compensate the phase of the emission angle, ensuring that beams with different deflection angles arrive simultaneously in the non-diffractive zones; in addition, the wave can generate reflection on the interface of the two lenses, in order to ensure that the wave radiated from the feed source passes through the plane Bessel lens without loss, a first matching layer (4) and a second matching layer (5) are introduced between the two lenses, the thickness of the matching layer is a quarter wavelength, the first matching layer (4) is a super-surface array with gradient refractive index change, and the spherical wave radiated from the point source is ensured to be converted into the plane wave; the second matching layer (5) is a super-surface array consisting of resonance rings with the same size, and wave is ensured not to change in the propagation process.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112599984A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-04-02 | 浙江大学杭州国际科创中心 | Design method of broadband reflection super surface and broadband reflection super surface |
| CN112909525A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Diffraction-free microstrip line antenna array of wireless power transmission system and design method thereof |
| WO2023273600A1 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2023-01-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | Lens unit, lens array, and array antenna |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112599984A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-04-02 | 浙江大学杭州国际科创中心 | Design method of broadband reflection super surface and broadband reflection super surface |
| CN112599984B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江大学杭州国际科创中心 | Design method of broadband reflection super surface and broadband reflection super surface |
| CN112909525A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Diffraction-free microstrip line antenna array of wireless power transmission system and design method thereof |
| WO2023273600A1 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2023-01-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | Lens unit, lens array, and array antenna |
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| CN111262038B (en) | 2020-12-08 |
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