CN111257776A - Method and device for measuring internal resistance of storage battery - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring internal resistance of storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111257776A CN111257776A CN202010139144.0A CN202010139144A CN111257776A CN 111257776 A CN111257776 A CN 111257776A CN 202010139144 A CN202010139144 A CN 202010139144A CN 111257776 A CN111257776 A CN 111257776A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring internal resistance of a storage battery, comprising the following steps: the comparison resistor and the storage battery to be tested are connected in series, test alternating current is conducted, voltages at two ends of the comparison resistor and the storage battery to be tested are amplified and filtered respectively and then enter a division circuit, and division voltage is obtained; setting the preset frequency of the test alternating current one time or multiple times, sampling the division voltage, and obtaining voltage sampling data and a voltage sampling average value corresponding to the preset frequency; based on a preset rule, selecting a plurality of voltage sampling data according to a deviation value of the voltage sampling average value, and obtaining an observed value of the division voltage; and obtaining the internal resistance of the storage battery to be tested according to the observed value of the division voltage. The embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: only a division signal irrelevant to alternating current frequency is needed, so that a sampling circuit and a signal processing circuit are simplified, the cost is reduced, and the measurement precision is improved; and the current of the alternating current for measurement is small, and the safety coefficient is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of computer-aided measurement, in particular to a method and a device for measuring internal resistance of a storage battery.
Background
In all power supply systems, a storage battery serving as a backup power supply is indispensable, the storage battery is inevitably aged in the using process, the storage battery aged to a certain degree cannot play a role of the backup power supply, and safety risks exist; the internal resistance of the storage battery is an important parameter for measuring the aging degree of the storage battery.
But the internal resistance of the storage battery is very small and ranges from hundreds of microohms to dozens of milliohms; especially, the internal resistance of the high-capacity storage battery is smaller; for example: 2V/1000AH of storage battery, the factory internal resistance of which is about 300 microohm; the difficulty in accurately measuring the size is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a method for measuring the internal resistance of the storage battery, which can accurately measure the internal resistance of the storage battery.
The invention also provides a storage battery internal resistance measuring device using the storage battery internal resistance measuring method.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the method comprises: the comparison resistor and the storage battery to be tested are connected in series, test alternating current is conducted, voltages at two ends of the comparison resistor and the storage battery to be tested are amplified and filtered respectively and then enter a division circuit, and division voltage is obtained; setting the preset frequency of the test alternating current one time or multiple times, sampling the division voltage, and obtaining voltage sampling data and a voltage sampling average value corresponding to the preset frequency; based on a preset rule, selecting a plurality of voltage sampling data according to a deviation value of the voltage sampling average value, and obtaining an observed value of the division voltage; and obtaining the internal resistance of the storage battery to be tested according to the observed value of the division voltage.
The method for measuring the internal resistance of the storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: the signal after passing through the division circuit is a direct current signal irrelevant to the signal frequency, and only the direct current signal needs to be sampled, so that a sampling circuit and a signal processing circuit are simplified, the cost is reduced, and the measurement precision is improved; and the current of the alternating current for measurement is small, and the safety coefficient is high.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the preset rule is configured to: if the frequency of the test alternating current is set for a single time, arranging the voltage sampling data according to the deviation value in sequence, and averaging a plurality of voltage sampling data in the middle section to obtain an observed value of the division voltage; and if the frequency of the test alternating current is set for multiple times, selecting the voltage sampling data with the minimum sum of the deviation values, sequencing the voltage sampling data according to the deviation values in sequence, and averaging a plurality of voltage sampling data in the middle section to obtain an observed value of the division voltage. The middle-segment data selected in a single test can remove data error interference and improve the measurement accuracy; the influence of a charger and load equipment connected with the storage battery to be measured on measurement can be reduced through multiple tests, the frequency band with small interference is selected for measurement, and the measurement accuracy is improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the number of the voltage sample data of the middle section is one third of the total number of the voltage sample data. And the calculation precision is improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the sampling frequency of the division voltage is not lower than 4 times the preset frequency. And the sampling precision is improved, and further the calculation precision is improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the battery internal resistance value is related to the divided voltage by:
wherein R is1Is the internal resistance value, R, of the battery2For comparison of the resistance value of the resistor, K1Is the amplification factor, K, of the voltage at both ends of the battery to be tested2And V is the division voltage, and is the amplification factor of the voltage at two ends of the comparison resistance module. The internal resistance of the storage battery can be obtained only by sampling division voltage, the measurement precision is high, and the operation is simple.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the amplification factor K of the voltage across the comparison resistance module1And the amplification factor K of the voltage at two ends of the storage battery to be detected2The same is true. The circuit design is simplified, and the calculation of the subsequent resistance value is convenient.
A secondary battery internal resistance measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of a second aspect of the invention includes: the comparison resistance module is used for providing comparison resistance for measurement; the program control signal generating circuit is used for outputting test alternating current to the comparison resistance module and the storage battery to be tested which are connected in series; the voltage comparison unit comprises two differential amplifiers, two filters and a division circuit, and the voltages at the two ends of the comparison resistance module and the storage battery to be tested are respectively amplified and filtered and then enter the division circuit to obtain division voltages; the ADC module is used for sampling the division voltage; and the control processing module is used for controlling the frequency of the test alternating current and the sampling frequency of the ADC module, and calculating the internal resistance value of the storage battery to be tested according to the sampling data of the ADC module.
The storage battery internal resistance measuring device provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: simple structure only needs to sample division voltage, can calculate the internal resistance value of the battery that awaits measuring, and measurement accuracy is high, and is with low costs, and the electric current of just measuring with the alternating current is little, and factor of safety is high.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the control processing module is further configured to switch the range of the comparison resistance module according to the factory internal resistance range of the battery to be tested. The control processing module can switch the measuring range of the comparison resistance module, so that the operation is simplified, and the accuracy of measuring the internal resistance of the storage battery to be measured is improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, further comprising a plurality of dc blocking circuits for preventing dc signals from entering the voltage comparison unit. The DC isolating circuit isolates DC, DC interference is eliminated, and division voltage is more accurate.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the steps of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a comparison resistance module 100, a program control signal generating circuit 200,
A voltage comparison unit 300, a differential amplifier 310, a filter 320, a division circuit 330,
The device comprises an ADC module 400, a control processing module 500, a storage battery 600 to be tested and a DC blocking circuit 700.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
Referring to fig. 1, a method of an embodiment of the present invention includes: the comparison resistor and the storage battery 600 to be tested are connected in series, test alternating current is supplied, and voltages at two ends of the comparison resistor and the storage battery 600 to be tested enter the division circuit 330 after being amplified and filtered respectively to obtain division voltage; setting the frequency of the test alternating current one time or multiple times, sampling the division voltage to obtain one or more groups of voltage sampling data, wherein each preset frequency corresponds to one group of voltage sampling data, and calculating the average value of the voltage sampling of the group; based on a preset rule, selecting a plurality of voltage sampling data according to a deviation value from a voltage sampling average value to obtain an observed value of division voltage; and obtaining the internal resistance of the storage battery 600 to be tested according to the observed value of the division voltage.
In the embodiment of the invention, for single measurement, namely, the frequency of the test alternating current is set once, the voltage sampling data are sorted according to the deviation value, and the average value of a plurality of voltage sampling data positioned in the middle section is selected as the observed value of the division voltage. For multiple measurements, namely, multiple times of setting the frequency of the test alternating current, obtaining multiple groups of voltage sampling data, respectively calculating the sum of deviation values according to the groups, and selecting the group of voltage sampling data with the minimum sum of deviation values; and (3) acquiring the observed value of the division voltage according to a single measurement method for the group of voltage sampling data, namely sequencing the group of voltage sampling data according to the deviation value, and selecting a plurality of voltage sampling data positioned in the middle section to take the average value as the observed value of the division voltage. It should be understood that the deviation value may be expressed as an absolute value of a difference between the value of the voltage sample data and the average value of the voltage samples, or a square of a difference between the value of the voltage sample data and the average value of the voltage samples.
Referring to fig. 2, the apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises a comparison resistance module 100, a program control signal generating circuit 200, a voltage comparison unit 300, an ADC module 400 and a control processing module 500. The comparison resistance module 100 is used for providing comparison resistance for measurement. And the control processing module 500 is used for controlling the program control signal generating circuit 200 to output the test alternating current according to a preset frequency. The program control signal generating circuit 200 outputs test alternating current to the comparison resistance module 100 and the storage battery 600 to be tested which are connected in series. The voltage comparison unit 300 includes two differential amplifiers 310, two filters 320, and a divider circuit 330. The voltage at the two ends of the comparison resistance module 100 and the voltage at the two ends of the battery 600 to be tested are respectively amplified and filtered, and then enter the division circuit 330 to obtain a division voltage. The ADC module 400 is configured to divide the voltage and transmit the sampled value to the control processing module 500, and the sampling frequency of the ADC module 400 is preset by the control processing module 500. The control processing module 500 calculates the internal resistance of the battery 600 to be tested according to the sampling data.
The program-controlled signal generating circuit 200 can generate sine signals with different frequencies under the control of the control processing module 500, the range of the generated sine waves is 800Hz to 2500Hz, and in the embodiment of the invention, three frequency points are selected for measurement, namely 1000Hz, 1500Hz and 2000Hz respectively. The signal current intensity is between 100mA and 200mA, and in the embodiment of the invention, the current intensity is selected to be 150 mA. The comparison resistance module 100 can switch the range under the control of the control processing module 500, i.e. switch the magnitude of the comparison resistance, and in some embodiments of the present invention, the range is 500 micro-ohms, 3 milli-ohms, 10 milli-ohms.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the program-controlled signal generating circuit 200, the comparison resistance module 100, the dc blocking circuit 700, and the battery 600 to be tested form an ac signal loop; the filtering range of the filter circuit is matched with the frequency range of the program control signal generating circuit 200.
The AC voltage at the two ends of the battery 600 to be tested is V1The AC voltage at both ends of the comparison resistor module 100 is V2Then, there are:
V1＝R1xI (formula 1)
V2＝R2xI (formula 2)
Wherein R is1Is the internal resistance, R, of the battery 600 to be tested2I is the current;
V1and V2Respectively obtaining V after passing through a DC blocking circuit 700, a differential amplifying circuit and a filter circuit3And V4：
V3＝K1×V1(formula 3)
V4＝K2×V2(formula 4)
Wherein, K1Is a V1Magnification of, K2Is a V2The magnification of (1).
After passing through the division circuit 330, the division voltage is:
namely, the method comprises the following steps:
in some embodiments of the invention, K1＝K2Then, equation (6) becomes:
R1＝V×R2(formula 7)
It is understood that in some embodiments of the invention, K1And K2The values of (c) may also be different. The same amplification factor is selected, so that the circuit design and subsequent calculation can be simplified.
V in the formula (6) or (7) isNormal voltage of V3And V4Obviously, V is a direct current signal and is independent of the frequency of the alternating current signal of the program control signal generating circuit 200, so that an alternating current to direct current circuit does not need to be further added, the ADC module 400 can directly sample, the circuit complexity can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, and the calculation accuracy can be improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the steps of a single measurement are: according to the factory internal resistance value range of the storage battery to be tested, the control processing module 500 controls the comparison resistance module 100 to switch the measuring range, and specifically, the resistance value of the comparison resistance is close to the factory internal resistance value; the control processing module 500 controls the program control signal generating circuit 200 to generate an alternating current signal with the frequency f; the control processing module 500 controls the ADC module 400 to sample the division voltage, the number of sampling points is N, the sampling frequency is not less than 4f, and sampling data X is obtained0,X1,..,XN-1Wherein X is0Representing the first sample data, XN-1Indicating the nth data. The control processing module 500 controls the program control signal generating circuit 200 to stop generating the alternating current signal, and analyzes and processes the sampling data to obtain the average value of the voltage sampling
For single-point sampling data, respectively calculating corresponding deviation square value Yi(0≤i<N):
Calculating the deviation square sum S of the data of the group:
according to YiThe size of the sampling data is sequenced from small to large X0,X1,..,XN-1Obtaining data Z0,Z1,..,ZN-1(ii) a According to the sorted data Z0,Z1,..,ZN-1Deriving division voltage VThe value is obtained.
Wherein i is an integer having a value range of
That is, the expression (10) means that the average value of the sampled data with the deviation value of 1/3 in the middle is used as the actual value of the division voltage.
Finally, the control processing module 500 calculates the internal resistance of the battery 600 to be tested according to the formula (6) or the formula (7).
It should be understood that, in some embodiments of the present invention, the division voltage is not limited to be calculated by taking a sampling value of 1/3 in the middle of the deviation value, but is calculated by removing some sampling data with too small and/or too large deviation value according to a certain rule.
It can be understood that the middle section data can also be taken after the sampling data is sequenced from big to small; the sorting may also be based on the absolute value of the deviation.
Some to-be-tested storage batteries 600 are connected with chargers and load devices for a long time, and the devices may interfere with battery buses in some frequency bands; in actual operation, it is impossible for some batteries 600 to be measured to disconnect the load and for the charger to measure the internal resistance again. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: the frequency of the test alternating current is set for multiple times, and sampling values of each group of division voltage are respectively obtained, the embodiment of the invention adopts a method of measuring 3 frequency segments, and the specific operation is as follows:
(1) at f1Measuring internal resistance at 1000Hz, obtaining internal resistance of the accumulator to be measured according to the formulas (10) and (7), and obtaining the data deviation square sum S according to the formula (9)1；
(2) At f2Measuring internal resistance at 1500Hz, obtaining internal resistance of the accumulator to be measured according to the formulas (10) and (7), and obtaining the data deviation square sum S according to the formula (9)2；
(3) At f3Measuring internal resistance at (2000Hz), and obtaining the internal resistance to be measured according to the formula (10) and the formula (7)Internal resistance of accumulator, data deviation square sum S according to formula (9)3；
Comparing the data deviation squared sum S1，S2，S3And selecting the result of the measurement with the minimum sum of squares of data deviation as the final measurement result.
It will be appreciated that the sum of squared deviations of the data may be compared directly, or may be compared, and in embodiments of the invention, for simplicity of calculation, the sum of squared deviations of the data is compared directly.
It is understood that the method of multi-frequency band measurement is not limited to the above 3 frequency bands, and may be more than 3 frequency bands, or may only include 2 frequency bands.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for measuring internal resistance of a storage battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the comparison resistor and the storage battery to be tested are connected in series, test alternating current is conducted, voltages at two ends of the comparison resistor and the storage battery to be tested are amplified and filtered respectively and then enter a division circuit, and division voltage is obtained;
setting the preset frequency of the test alternating current once or for multiple times, sampling the division voltage, and obtaining voltage sampling data and a voltage sampling average value corresponding to the preset frequency;
based on a preset rule, selecting a plurality of voltage sampling data according to a deviation value of the voltage sampling average value, and obtaining an observed value of the division voltage;
and obtaining the internal resistance of the storage battery to be tested according to the observed value of the division voltage.
2. The battery internal resistance measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the preset rule is configured to:
if the frequency of the test alternating current is set for a single time, arranging the voltage sampling data according to the deviation value in sequence, and averaging a plurality of voltage sampling data in the middle section to obtain an observed value of the division voltage;
and if the frequency of the test alternating current is set for multiple times, selecting the voltage sampling data with the minimum sum of the deviation values, sequencing the voltage sampling data according to the deviation values in sequence, and averaging a plurality of voltage sampling data in the middle section to obtain an observed value of the division voltage.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the number of the voltage sampling data of the middle section is one third of the total number of the voltage sampling data.
4. The method for measuring the internal resistance of the storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the sampling frequency of the division voltage is not lower than 4 times the preset frequency.
5. The method of measuring the internal resistance of a storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the relation between the internal resistance value of the storage battery and the observed value of the division voltage is:
wherein R is1Is the internal resistance value, R, of the battery2For comparison of the resistance value of the resistor, K1Is the amplification factor, K, of the voltage at both ends of the battery to be tested2And V is the amplification factor of the voltage at two ends of the comparison resistance module, and is the observed value of the division voltage.
6. The method for measuring internal resistance of storage battery as claimed in claim 5, wherein the magnification K of the voltage at both ends of the comparison resistance module1And the amplification factor K of the voltage at two ends of the storage battery to be detected2The same is true.
7. An internal resistance measuring device for a storage battery, comprising:
the comparison resistance module is used for providing comparison resistance for measurement;
the program control signal generating circuit is used for outputting test alternating current to the comparison resistance module and the storage battery to be tested which are connected in series;
the voltage comparison unit comprises two differential amplifiers, two filters and a division circuit, and the voltages at the two ends of the comparison resistance module and the storage battery to be tested are respectively amplified and filtered and then enter the division circuit to obtain division voltages;
the ADC module is used for sampling the division voltage;
and the control processing module is used for controlling the frequency of the test alternating current and the sampling frequency of the ADC module, and calculating the internal resistance value of the storage battery to be tested according to the sampling data of the ADC module.
8. The storage battery internal resistance measuring device according to claim 7, wherein the control processing module is further configured to switch the range of the comparison resistor module according to a factory internal resistance range of the storage battery to be measured.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a plurality of dc blocking circuits for preventing dc signals from entering the voltage comparison unit.
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Application publication date: 20200609 |