CN111257477B - Method for simultaneously and quantitatively measuring contents of 41 main aroma components in Tieguanyin tea leaf enzyme-deactivating substance - Google Patents
Method for simultaneously and quantitatively measuring contents of 41 main aroma components in Tieguanyin tea leaf enzyme-deactivating substance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for simultaneously and quantitatively measuring the content of 41 aroma components in a deactivated substance of Tieguanyin tea leaves, which comprises the following steps: 1) freeze-drying the tea fixation substance, transferring the tea fixation substance into an extraction container, adding an internal standard and an acetone solution, and performing oscillation mixing to obtain a sample solution containing the internal standard; 2) and (3) detecting the sample solution by adopting GC/MS (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry), and detecting 41 tea fixation substance aroma components by an internal standard quantitative method. The method for simultaneously and quantitatively determining the contents of 41 aroma components in the tea de-enzyming substances of Tieguanyin tea adopts a freeze drying-solvent extraction-gas chromatography combined method, can simultaneously and quantitatively determine the contents of 41 aroma components in the tea de-enzyming substances, and has the advantages of high accuracy, high sensitivity, good universality and good selectivity: is especially suitable for the content of aroma components in tea and tea product water extract.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aroma component detection, and particularly relates to a method for simultaneously and quantitatively determining the content of 41 main aroma components in a finished Tieguanyin tea by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Background
Tieguanyin belongs to one of the green tea representatives in the traditional famous tea in China, is native to Anxi county in Quanzhou city in Fujian province, and is widely favored by consumers due to unique elegant fragrance. The processing technology of the Tieguanyin tea comprises the procedures of picking green, sunning, green-making, deactivating, kneading, drying and the like, and the unique product style of the Tieguanyin is finally formed through the combination of the aroma substances generated by the procedures. Compared with Tieguanyin tea, the Tieguanyin tea has more prominent tea aroma, flower aroma and fresh and sweet aroma, and has very broad prospects (Zhang Feng, Xiaoming, Van Qiang, and the like) when being used as a natural substance in the fields of food, daily chemicals, tobacco essence, and the like [ J ] the development of Tieguanyin tea green-removing essence and the application thereof in cigarettes [ J ] essence and spice cosmetics, 2016,12(6):16-20 ].
Tea leaves are proved to be rich in ingredients, including compounds such as aldehyde, ketone, ester, alkane, polyphenol and alkaloid, because the content of aroma substances in the tea leaves is low and the tea leaves are mostly volatile substances, chemical reactions such as polymerization oxidation and the like are easy to occur at high temperature so as to generate bad smell, and certain troubles are brought to the preparation of the tea leaves and the tea products and the accurate detection of the content of the aroma substances of the tea leaves (Qi Weibin, Liupan, xuewang spring and the like.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new method for simultaneously and quantitatively determining the content of the main aroma components in the Tieguanyin water-removing material.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventor preliminarily identifies 41 main aroma components in the Tieguanyin tea green removing substance through a series of researches on extracting, separating and identifying tea aroma characteristic components of the Tieguanyin tea green removing substance, wherein the 41 main aroma components are hexanal, folyl alcohol, 2(5H) -furanone, gamma-butyrolactone, benzaldehyde, myrcene, ethyl hexanoate, alpha-phellandrene, alpha-terpinene, p-cymene, limonene, benzyl alcohol, 2-methylbutyrate butyl ester, phenylacetaldehyde, (Z) -propionic acid-3-hexenyl ester, linalool, phenethyl alcohol, tea arone, 1-phenyl-1, 2-propanedione, ethyl benzoate, 4-terpenol, p-methyl benzisopropanol, methyl salicylate, alpha-terpineol, decanal, nerol, geraniol, phenethyl acetate, citral, 2-phenyl crotonaldehyde, indole, gamma-nonalactone, jasmone, phenethylbutyrate, gamma-decalactone, cocaldehyde, nerolidol, dihydroactinidiolide, methyl jasmonate, linalool oxide-pyran type, and linalool oxide-furan type.
The invention provides a method for simultaneously and quantitatively measuring the content of 41 aroma components in a deactivated substance of Tieguanyin tea leaves, which comprises the following steps:
(1) freezing the water extract of the tea fixation extract, drying a completely frozen sample, accurately weighing the freeze-dried tea hydrolat sample, transferring the sample into a volumetric flask, adding an internal standard stock solution and an acetone solution, uniformly shaking, and preparing a sample solution containing the internal standard;
(2) detecting the sample solution in the step (1) by adopting a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, detecting the content of 41 aroma components by an internal standard quantitative method, wherein,
the 41 aroma components are respectively n-hexanal, folyl, 2(5H) -furanone, gamma-butyrolactone, benzaldehyde, myrcene, ethyl hexanoate, alpha-phellandrene, alpha-terpinene, p-cymene, limonene, benzyl alcohol, 2-methylbutyrate, phenylacetaldehyde, (Z) -propionic acid-3-hexenyl ester, linalool, phenethyl alcohol, theanone, 1-phenyl-1, 2-propanedione, ethyl benzoate, 4-terpenol, p-methylbenzene isopropanol, methyl salicylate, alpha-terpineol, decanal, nerol, geraniol, phenethyl acetate, citral, 2-phenyl crotonaldehyde, indole, gamma-nonalactone, jasmone, phenethyl butyrate, gamma-decalactone, cocaldehyde, nerolidol, dihydroactinidiolide, Methyl jasmonate, linalool oxide-pyran type, linalool oxide-furan type;
the specific conditions of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry are as follows:
gas chromatography conditions: DB-5MS (60m 0.25mm 0.25 μm); carrier gas: he; column flow rate: 1 mL/min; sample inlet temperature: 280 ℃; temperature programming: 50 deg.C (0min),3 deg.C/min → 300 deg.C (1 min); shunting mode: no flow diversion;
mass spectrum conditions: GC/MS transmission line temperature: 280 ℃, EI ion source temperature: 230 ℃, quadrupole temperature: 150 ℃; EI ionization energy: 70 eV; scanning mode: an ion scan is selected, and the time segments are divided according to retention time.
In certain embodiments, the amount of the aqueous extract of the killed extract of Tieguanyin tea is 100-500 mL.
In certain embodiments, the internal standard is styrallyl propionate, the internal standard stock solution concentration is 10mg/mL, and the internal standard stock solution addition amount is 10-50 uL.
In certain embodiments, the acetone is added in an amount of 10 to 50 mL.
In some embodiments, the shaking time is 5 to 10 min.
Interpretation of terms:
in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "enzyme deactivation" refers to a process of deactivating or inactivating enzymes in fresh leaves at a certain temperature. The water-removing method comprises the following steps: roller fixation, pan frying fixation, hot air fixation, steam fixation, microwave fixation or steam-hot air mixed fixation, etc. The term "enzyme-deactivating substance" refers to a substance which has undergone enzyme deactivation treatment.
In the present invention, the term "gas chromatography" or "GC" refers to a chromatographic separation method in which a sample mixture is evaporated and injected into a stream of carrier gas (such as nitrogen or helium) moving through a column containing a stationary phase (composed of a liquid or a particulate solid) and separated into its constituent compounds according to the affinity of the compounds for the stationary phase.
In the present invention, the term "mass spectrometry" or "MS" refers to an analytical technique for identifying a compound by its mass. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to ionize each component in a sample in an ion source to generate charged ions with different charge-mass ratios, and the charged ions form an ion beam under the action of an accelerating electric field and enter a mass analyzer. In the mass analyzer, the mass is determined by dispersing the generated opposite velocities by using an electric field and a magnetic field and focusing them to obtain mass spectra. MS techniques typically include (1) ionizing a compound to form a charged compound; and (2) detecting the molecular weight of the charged compound and calculating the mass-to-charge ratio. The compound may be ionized and detected by any suitable method. A "mass spectrometer" typically includes an ionization source and an ion detector.
Has the beneficial effects that:
the method can simultaneously and quantitatively determine the content of 41 aroma components in the Tieguanyin tea de-enzyming substance, has the advantages of high accuracy, high sensitivity, good universality and good selectivity, and is particularly suitable for the content of the aroma components in tea and tea product water extracts.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the description thereof are provided for the purpose of explanation and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Internal standard quantitative method
In the detection of an internal standard quantitative method, the mixed standard solution contains 41 aroma components (5 of which have isomers) and 1 internal standard substance, and the solvent is acetone; the names, quantitative ion and qualitative ion information of the 41 aroma components (5 of which have isomers) and the internal standard are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1.41 aroma components and internal standard names, quantitative ion and qualitative ion information
The concentration of the internal standard styrofoam propionate in all standard working solutions was 10 μ g/mL, and the concentrations of the respective standard substances in the standard solutions were as shown in table 2 below in order to establish the working curves:
TABLE 2 working Standard solution concentration Table
The working curves and the related coefficients of the 41 aroma components in the tea de-enzyming substances of Tieguanyin tea are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 working curves and correlation coefficients of 41 aroma components in the tea de-enzyming substances of Tieguanyin tea
Example 1
The embodiment of simultaneously and quantitatively measuring the content of 41 aroma components in the tea de-enzyming substances of Tieguanyin tea comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 100mL of the water extract of the first batch of tea leaves water-removing extract in a surface dish, and freezing. And (4) putting the completely frozen sample into a freeze dryer for drying treatment. Accurately weighing a freeze-dried tea hydrolat sample, transferring the sample into a volumetric flask, adding 10uL of internal standard stock solution and 10mL of acetone solution, and shaking for 5min to prepare a sample solution containing the internal standard.
(2) Detecting the sample solution obtained in the step (1) by adopting GC/MS:
the gas chromatography conditions were: DB-5MS (60m 0.25mm 0.25 μm); carrier gas: he; column flow rate: 1 mL/min; sample inlet temperature: 280 ℃; temperature programming: 50 deg.C (0min),3 deg.C/min → 300 deg.C (1 min); shunting mode: no flow diversion;
the mass spectrum conditions are as follows: GC/MS transmission line temperature: 280 ℃, EI ion source temperature: 230 ℃, quadrupole temperature: 150 ℃; EI ionization energy: 70 eV; scanning mode: an ion scan is selected, and the time segments are divided according to retention time.
Using the above test conditions, the test results for the water extract of the tea extract of Tieguanyin tea of this example are shown in table 4 below.
Example 2
The embodiment of simultaneously and quantitatively measuring the content of 41 aroma components in the tea de-enzyming substances of Tieguanyin tea comprises the following steps:
(1) 200mL of the first batch of tea water extract is taken in a watch glass and frozen. And (4) putting the completely frozen sample into a freeze dryer for drying treatment. Accurately weighing a freeze-dried tea hydrolat sample, transferring the sample into a volumetric flask, adding 20uL of internal standard stock solution and 20mL of acetone solution, and shaking for 5min to prepare a sample solution containing the internal standard.
(2) Detecting the sample solution obtained in the step (1) by adopting GC/MS:
the gas chromatography conditions were: DB-5MS (60m 0.25mm 0.25 μm); carrier gas: he; column flow rate: 1 mL/min; sample inlet temperature: 280 ℃; temperature programming: 50 deg.C (0min),3 deg.C/min → 300 deg.C (1 min); shunting mode: no flow diversion;
the mass spectrum conditions are as follows: GC/MS transmission line temperature: 280 ℃, EI ion source temperature: 230 ℃, quadrupole temperature: 150 ℃; EI ionization energy: 70 eV; scanning mode: an ion scan is selected, and the time segments are divided according to retention time.
The results of the detection of 41 aroma components in the tea de-enzyming substance of Tieguanyin of this example using the above test conditions are shown in Table 4 below.
Example 3
The embodiment of simultaneously and quantitatively measuring the content of 41 aroma components in the tea de-enzyming substances of Tieguanyin tea comprises the following steps:
(1) 500mL of the first batch of the water extract of the tea fixation extract is taken in a surface dish and frozen. And (4) putting the completely frozen sample into a freeze dryer for drying treatment. Accurately weighing a freeze-dried tea hydrolat sample, transferring the sample into a volumetric flask, adding 50uL of internal standard stock solution and 50mL of acetone solution, and shaking for 10min to prepare a sample solution containing the internal standard.
(2) Detecting the sample solution obtained in the step (1) by adopting GC/MS:
the gas chromatography conditions were: DB-5MS (60m 0.25mm 0.25 μm); carrier gas: he; column flow rate: 1 mL/min; sample inlet temperature: 280 ℃; temperature programming: 50 deg.C (0min),3 deg.C/min → 300 deg.C (1 min); a shunting mode: no flow diversion;
the mass spectrum conditions are as follows: GC/MS transmission line temperature: 280 ℃, EI ion source temperature: 230 ℃, quadrupole temperature: 150 ℃; EI ionization energy: 70 eV; scanning mode: an ion scan is selected, and the time segments are divided according to retention time.
The results of the detection of 41 aroma components in the tea de-enzyming substance of Tieguanyin of this example using the above test conditions are shown in Table 4 below.
TABLE 4 quantitative determination results of 41 aroma components in the tea de-enzyming substances of Tieguanyin tea
Comparative example 1
In the operating conditions of the gas chromatographic separation, the column was DB-WAX (60 m.times.0.25 mm. times.0.25 μm), the rest being the same as in example 1.
As a result, it was found that:
the qualitative detection of the components differs from example 1 in that: the external standard method is adopted for qualitative determination, and qualitative results have no difference
The quantitative results differ from example 1 in that: DB-WAX is a polar column, the separation effect of partial components is poor, and more overlapped peaks exist, so that the quantitative result is inaccurate.
Comparative example 2
In the operating conditions of the gas chromatograph, the temperature rise procedure is as follows: 50 deg.C (0min),5 deg.C/min → 300 deg.C (1 min); . The rest is the same as in example 1.
As a result, it was found that:
the qualitative detection of the components differs from example 1 in that: without distinction
The quantitative results differ from example 1 in that: partial components are not well separated, and more overlapped peaks exist, so that the quantitative result is inaccurate.
Comparative example 3
In the operating conditions of the gas chromatograph, the split mode is: 1:10. The rest was the same as in example 1.
As a result, it was found that:
the qualitative detection of the components differs from example 1 in that: the chromatogram of the low-content substances, such as alpha-phellandrene, alpha-terpinene, p-cymene, limonene, etc., has no peak, and cannot be identified
The quantitative results differ from example 1 in that: the components having no peak on the chromatogram were not quantitatively analyzed.
Comparative example 4
In the operating conditions of the mass spectrometer, the scanning mode is full scan. The rest is the same as in example 1.
As a result, it was found that:
the types of qualitatively detected components are different from those of example 1 in that: in the full-scan mode, interfering ions are serious, and the matching degree is reduced during spectrogram analysis.
The quantitative results differ from example 1 in that: because of the existence of interfering ions, the separation effect of partial substances is poor, and shoulder peaks and tailing peaks exist, so that the quantification is inaccurate.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for simultaneously and quantitatively measuring the contents of 41 aroma components in a deactivated substance of Tieguanyin tea leaves comprises the following steps:
(1) freezing the water extract of the tea fixation extract, drying a completely frozen sample, accurately weighing the freeze-dried tea hydrolat sample, transferring the sample into a volumetric flask, adding an internal standard stock solution and an acetone solution, uniformly shaking, and preparing a sample solution containing the internal standard;
(2) detecting the sample solution in the step (1) by adopting a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, detecting the content of 41 aroma components by an internal standard quantitative method, wherein,
the 41 fragrance components are respectively n-hexanal, folic alcohol, 2(5H) -furanone, gamma-butyrolactone, benzaldehyde, myrcene, ethyl hexanoate, alpha-phellandrene, alpha-terpinene, p-cymene, limonene, benzyl alcohol, butyl 2-methylbutyrate, phenylacetaldehyde, (Z) -propionic acid-3-hexenyl ester, linalool, phenethyl alcohol, theanone, 1-phenyl-1, 2-propanedione, ethyl benzoate, 4-terpenol, p-methylbenzene isopropanol, methyl salicylate, alpha-terpineol, decanal, nerol, geraniol, phenethyl acetate, citral, 2-phenylcrotonaldehyde, indole, gamma-nonalactone, jasmone, phenethyl butyrate, gamma-decalactone, cocaldehyde, nerolidol, dihydroactinidiolide lactone, dihydroactinidiolide, and, Methyl jasmonate, linalool oxide-pyran type, linalool oxide-furan type;
the specific conditions of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry are as follows:
gas chromatography conditions: DB-5MS 60m × 0.25mm × 0.25 μm; carrier gas: he; column flow rate: 1 mL/min; sample inlet temperature: 280 ℃; temperature programming: 0min at 50 ℃,3 ℃/min → 1min at 300 ℃; shunting mode: not shunting;
mass spectrum conditions: GC/MS transmission line temperature: 280 ℃, EI ion source temperature: 230 ℃, quadrupole temperature: 150 ℃; EI ionization energy: 70 eV; scanning mode: an ion scan is selected, and the time segments are divided according to retention time.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of the aqueous extract of the tea de-enzyming extract is 100-500 mL.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the internal standard is styrallyl propionate, the concentration of the internal standard stock solution is 10mg/mL, and the adding amount of the internal standard stock solution is 10-50 uL.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acetone solution is added in an amount of 10 to 50 mL.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oscillation time is 5-10 min.
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