CN111257022B - Gas explosion simulation test device and system in underground comprehensive pipe gallery space - Google Patents
Gas explosion simulation test device and system in underground comprehensive pipe gallery space Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 210
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 160
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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Abstract
The invention provides a gas explosion simulation test device and a gas explosion simulation test system in an underground comprehensive pipe gallery space, wherein the device comprises: the test pipeline is communicated with two ends and comprises at least one of a base pipeline, an observation pipeline and an explosion venting pipeline, and the base pipeline, the observation pipeline or the explosion venting pipeline are connected in any combination and sequence; the test pipelines are connected through the flanges, the length of the test device can be changed according to test requirements, the number and the positions of the explosion venting pipelines are selected, flexible inflation position selection is realized through the reserved through holes, test simulation under various working conditions can be realized, the load of gas explosion in the test pipelines is obtained, or the test pipelines are connected to measure the structural response of the pipeline corridor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of combustible gas explosion tests, and particularly relates to a test device capable of simulating gas explosion in an urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery.
Background
The utility tunnel has realized city underground space's comprehensive utilization and resource sharing as municipal pipeline sharing tunnel, has solved the "zip fastener way" phenomenon in the municipal construction well, has improved the security of municipal pipeline operation and the convenience of overhauing. At present, an underground comprehensive pipe gallery becomes an important infrastructure for constructing a novel sustainable development city. Under the background of rapid urbanization in China, the construction test points of the underground comprehensive pipe gallery are developed at a glance, and the industry development enters the takeoff stage.
In the piping lane construction, the safety risk and the improvement of construction running cost that "gas income corridor" problem brought have attracted academic and engineering's attention. At present, although gas explosion accidents in underground comprehensive pipe galleries are not reported, gas explosion accidents in similar underground spaces occur occasionally, and huge casualties and property losses are caused. The utility tunnel is the life line engineering that the city relies on with normal operating and probably links to each other with other underground space, in case take place the gas explosion accident consequence more beyond the scope of thought, will seriously hinder the construction development of national utility tunnel, will also bring huge risk to people's life and property safety. Therefore, the research on the destructive effect of the gas internal explosion on the underground comprehensive pipe gallery meets the important requirements of national economic construction, social development and guarantee of the life safety of people.
At present, a plurality of scholars carry out extensive and intensive research on the gas explosion process and the destructive effect of the gas explosion process on an engineering structure, and develop corresponding test devices for combustion and explosion of premixed gas in a pipeline, but the test devices also have certain limitations:
1. the testing device can not freely select and assemble the required pipeline segments, thereby realizing the transformation of the length of the pipeline, the position of the observation window and the position of the explosion venting hole;
2. the test device is difficult to realize the change of explosion venting area, explosion venting position and explosion venting direction;
3. the test device can not ensure that the interior of the pipeline is completely flat and smooth, and simultaneously, the change of the form, the position and the quantity of the obstacles in the pipeline is difficult to realize;
4. the test device is difficult to realize the free change of the volume of the combustible gas in the pipeline;
5. this kind of test device only can acquire test pipeline in gas explosion's load, but can not splice the piping lane model, the structural dynamic response of piping lane when can not study pipeline in the gas explosion.
Therefore, design one kind and be used for new research analysis underground utility tunnel interior gas blast load and structure dynamic response test device, to study pipe rack space interior gas blast load evolution law and gas explosion effect pipe rack structure damage destruction mechanism have the significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one aspect of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a gas explosion simulation test device in the space of an underground comprehensive pipe gallery.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the invention provides a gas explosion simulation test device in the space of an underground comprehensive pipe gallery, which comprises: the device comprises a test pipeline, a plurality of pipelines and a plurality of pipelines, wherein two ends of the test pipeline are communicated, the test pipeline comprises at least one of a base pipeline, an observation pipeline and an explosion venting pipeline, the number of the base pipeline, the observation pipeline or the explosion venting pipeline is 0 or more than or equal to 1, and the base pipeline, the observation pipeline and/or the explosion venting pipeline are connected in any combination order;
the basic pipeline, the observation pipeline and the explosion venting pipeline are hermetically connected with other adjacent components through sealing flanges; at least two through holes are reserved in the basic pipeline, the observation pipeline and the explosion venting pipeline, and each through hole comprises a first through hole and a second through hole; the first through hole and the second through hole can be sealed by bolts;
the first through hole and the second through hole are used for installing an embedded module, and the embedded module comprises a barrier, an air supply mixing system or an ignition head; the observation pipeline is provided with an observation window, and the outer side of the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline is provided with an explosion venting hole for installing an explosion venting plate.
In the technical scheme, the basic pipeline, the observation pipeline or the explosion venting pipeline can be combined to form the test pipeline according to any number and sequence. Different combination splicing modes can be selected to realize the adjustment of the length of the pipeline, the position of the observation window and the position and the number of the explosion venting ports. The end part can be controlled to be vented or closed through selectively installing the end cover plate of the pipeline, and the ignition of the end part is realized; through utilizing the through-hole to connect barrier, air feed hybrid system or ignition head in a flexible way, can realize different experimental purposes, including the change that realizes barrier position, aerify hybrid position and ignition head position in the pipeline.
Furthermore, the observation window is formed by embedding explosion-proof glass into an observation window reserved in the observation pipeline, the cross section of the explosion-proof glass is a T-shaped boss, the boss protrudes towards the inner side of the observation pipeline and is buckled on the observation window, and the top surface of the boss of the explosion-proof glass is flush with the inner side of the side wall of the observation pipeline; the explosion-proof glass is fixed on the side wall of the observation pipeline by a pressing steel frame and a steel frame fixing bolt.
The inner wall of the observation window is a smooth plane, and the flat and smooth inner surface of the pipeline is realized by using boss type explosion-proof glass; the structure is adopted to arrange the observation window, so that the explosion-proof glass of the observation window is more firmly installed, is not easy to move and has higher strength.
Furthermore, the end part of the test pipeline is fixed with an end cover plate through a flange, so that the end part of the pipeline is closed and does not explode, an explosion venting test can be carried out without additionally installing the end cover plate, and the end cover plate is provided with a through hole for installing the embedded module. Different devices are arranged at the end part of the test pipeline according to test requirements, so that ignition and air intake of the end part can be realized, and the device meets the requirements of multifunctional tests.
Furthermore, the test pipeline is a steel pipeline, and the polyethylene films are fixed on the inner wall of the test pipeline through magnetic stripes so as to form an inflation section between the polyethylene films. According to the test requirement, the edges of the polyethylene film are pressed and fixed at the corresponding positions of the inner wall of the steel pipeline by the magnetic strips, and the polyethylene film is utilized to separate the space inside the pipeline, so that the free change of the inflation volume and the gas position is realized;
furthermore, the gas explosion simulation test device in the underground comprehensive pipe gallery space further comprises at least one transition member, two ends of the transition member are communicated, flanges are arranged at two ends of the transition member, and the transition member and one or more basic pipelines, observation pipelines and/or explosion venting pipelines which form the test pipeline are connected in any sequence; the transition member is connected with the test pipeline in a sealing mode through a flange, and the transition member is communicated with the test pipeline.
Preferably, transition member connects test pipeline and piping lane model, and the structural dynamic response of piping lane when realizing the interior gas explosion of research pipeline. The two ends of the transition member are communicated, flanges are arranged at the two ends of the transition member, the transition member is used for connecting the test pipeline and the pipe gallery model in a sealing manner through the flanges, and the transition member is communicated with the test pipeline and the pipe gallery model; the transition member can connect the pipe gallery model to any position of the test pipeline; the invention can realize the load of gas explosion in the test pipeline and can realize the research on the structural dynamic response of the pipe gallery when the gas explosion in the pipeline is carried out by splicing the pipe gallery models.
Further, let out and explode the hole edge and reserve the bolt hole, let out and explode the board and adopt different apertures to let out and explode the board to satisfy different experimental needs, realize letting out and explode the change of area, the board that explodes of letting out of different apertures all fixes through bolt and reservation bolt hole cooperation let out explode the roof of pipeline. The connection mode is fastened and convenient for dismounting and replacing explosion venting plates with different specifications. The explosion venting holes on the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline can realize the change of the size of the explosion venting area and the explosion venting position; the change of explosion venting direction can be realized by selectively installing the pipeline end cover plate.
Still further, let out and explode the board and adopt totally enclosed let out and explode the board, totally enclosed let out explode the board and adopt T type boss structure, let out and explode the board and detain in letting out the hole of exploding to through utilizing the bolt fastening to let out and explode the pipeline roof, realize letting out the hole of exploding and close. The fixing mode is firm and stable.
Further, rubber gaskets are arranged between the flanges, and the flanges are screwed and fixed through high-strength bolts. The high-strength bolt is called as a high-strength bolt when the performance grade of the bolt is more than 8.8 according to the specification, and the high-strength bolt can bear larger load than a common bolt with the same specification, so that the device is firmer and more durable in structure.
Further, the foundation pipeline, the observation pipeline and the explosion venting pipeline are also reserved with third through holes for installing sensors.
On the other hand, the invention provides a simulation test system for gas explosion in the space of an underground comprehensive pipe gallery, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the gas explosion simulation test device, the gas supply mixing system, the ignition system and the data image acquisition system in the underground comprehensive pipe gallery space are provided by the technical scheme;
the gas supply mixing system comprises a gas cylinder group, and the gas cylinder group is connected with the through hole of the basic pipeline, the observation pipeline or the explosion venting pipeline through a pressure reducing valve and a gas inlet valve;
the firing head comprises an initiator connected to the firing head by an initiator cable;
the data image acquisition system comprises at least one of an infrared analyzer, a pressure sensor and a high-speed camera, and a detection head of the infrared analyzer can extend into the test pipeline through the through hole;
the probe of the pressure sensor can be arranged in the through hole and is parallel to the inner wall of the test pipeline, and transmits signals to the data acquisition instrument through the data cable;
the high-speed camera is used for capturing the flame state of a key position.
Further, comprising: the air supply mixing system further comprises an explosion-proof high-pressure fan, and the explosion-proof high-pressure fan can be connected with the first through hole and the second through hole of the test pipeline through fan air pipes.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention can select different numbers of basic pipelines, observation pipelines and explosion venting pipelines, all pipelines are fixedly controlled by flanges, the sequence of all pipelines can be adjusted according to the actual test requirement, and the adjustment of the pipeline length and the position of an observation window can be realized by selecting different splicing modes; each pipeline is provided with a plurality of through holes, so that flexible inflation position selection is realized, and various test simulation effects can be realized; the outer side of the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline is provided with an explosion venting hole for mounting an explosion venting plate, and the explosion venting plate is fixed in the explosion venting hole through an explosion venting plate fixing bolt. Through the cooperation of the explosion venting hole on the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline and the end cover plate of the pipeline, the change of the explosion venting direction can be realized. According to the invention, through the reserved through holes which can be used for installing the barriers, different forms of barrier models can be installed, so that the changes of the forms, positions and number of the barriers are realized, and the influence of the internal congestion degree is researched;
the device comprises at least one transition member, wherein the end part of the transition member is provided with a flange plate for fixing a pipe gallery test piece, so that the loading of combustible gas explosion on the comprehensive pipe gallery structure can be realized by selecting and installing the pipe gallery test piece;
the flat and smooth inner part of the pipeline is realized by using the boss type explosion-proof glass;
the gas explosion simulation test system in the underground comprehensive pipe gallery space provided by the invention has comprehensive functions and higher flexibility, and can realize multi-condition explosion model tests.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas explosion simulation test device in an underground comprehensive pipe gallery space provided by the first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas explosion simulation test device in an underground comprehensive pipe gallery space provided by the second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a third embodiment of the present invention, which provides a simulation test device for gas explosion in the space of an underground utility tunnel;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a basic piping structure of a utility tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a utility tunnel observation pipeline configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a comprehensive pipe gallery explosion venting pipeline structure according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a venting plate of a venting hole of a venting pipeline according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a viewing window of the present embodiment of the invention viewing a duct;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a fully closed structure of a explosion venting hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a venting structure of a venting hole 40CM adopted in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic A-A cross-sectional view of a tube lane specimen used in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation test system for gas explosion in an underground comprehensive pipe gallery space provided by an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure:
1. testing the pipeline; 101. an air inlet; 101,And an air outlet; 102. a gas concentration monitoring port; 102，The pressure sensor mounting port; 103. stiffening rib 104, flange 105, rubber gasket 106 and high-strength screwBolting;
11. a base pipe; 111. an initiator; 1111. an initiator cable; 112. A gas cylinder group; 1121. a pressure reducing valve; 1122. an intake valve; 113. an infrared gas analyzer; 1131. A gas analyzer probe; 114. an explosion-proof high pressure fan; 1141. A blower air pipe; 115. an end cover plate; 116. an ignition head;
12. observing the pipeline; 121. An observation window; 1211. The outside of the side wall of the pipeline; 1212. In the side wall of the pipeline; 1213. A steel frame fixing bolt; 1214. Explosion-proof glass; 1215. pressing and fixing the steel frame; 122. A polyethylene film; 123. a magnetic strip;
13. venting an explosion pipeline; 131. A data acquisition instrument; 1311. a data cable of the data acquisition instrument; 132. a pressure sensor water cooling system; 133. A pressure sensor; 134. A high-speed camera 135, a blast hole; 1351. A 40CM explosion venting plate; 1352. A 20CM explosion venting plate (43); 1353. Completely sealing the explosion venting plate; 1354. The top wall of the pipeline is outside; 1355. in the top wall of the pipeline; 1356. the explosion venting plate is fixed by bolts; 1357. a burst disk rubber gasket;
2. a pipe gallery test piece; 21. a transition member; 3. concrete terrace.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the first embodiment provides a gas explosion simulation test device in a space of an underground comprehensive pipe gallery, which comprises a test pipeline (1), wherein two ends of the test pipeline (1) are communicated with each other and comprise a basic pipeline (11); two ends of the basic pipeline (11) are communicated and are provided with flange plates (104);
at least two through holes are reserved in the basic pipeline (11), as shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment, the basic pipeline (11) is reserved with an air inlet (101) and an air outlet (101),) The air inlet (101) and the air outlet (101),) For mounting an insert module comprising an obstruction, an air supply mixing system, or an ignition head; preferably, in the embodiment, the base pipe (11) is provided with a third through hole and a fourth through hole, namely a gas concentration monitoring port (102) and a sensor mounting port (102)，）。
Gas explosion analogue test device in the utility tunnel space that this embodiment provided as shown in fig. 1 simple structure can acquire the interior gas explosion's of experimental pipeline load to through nimble air inlet and gas outlet of utilizing, make air inlet and gas outlet connect barrier, air feed hybrid system or ignition head, can realize different experimental purposes, including realizing pipeline cataract obstacle form, business turn over gas or ignition head position change.
In the device shown in fig. 1, when in use, the end part of the test pipeline (1) can be fixed with an end cover plate (115) of a reserved hole for installing an ignition head (116) through a flange plate (104); foundationThe pipeline (11) is a steel pipeline, and polyethylene films can be fixed on the inner walls of the two ends of the basic pipeline (11) by magnetic stripes to form a sealed inflatable section. The detecting head of the infrared analyzer can pass through the air inlet (101) and the air outlet (101),) Or the gas concentration monitoring port (102) extends into the test pipeline; the pressure sensor is arranged at the sensor mounting port (102)，) And flush with the inner wall of the pipeline, the pressure sensor transmits signals to the data acquisition instrument through a data cable. It should be noted that the through holes are arranged in the same manner, and can be sealed by bolts, and the functions of the through holes can be interchanged, which is not exemplified in the embodiment.
Fixing end cover plates (115) at two ends of the test pipeline (1) by a flange plate (104), connecting a firing head (116) on a preset through hole on one end cover plate, and sealing the preset through hole on the other end cover plate by using a bolt, wherein the bolt is not shown in the figure, and preferably, the firing head is connected to an initiator by an initiator cable; by means of an air inlet (101) and an air outlet (101),) And the load test of gas explosion in the test pipeline is realized by connecting the gas supply hybrid system.
In other embodiments, a polyethylene film is fixed on the inner wall of the base pipeline (11) by a magnetic strip to form a sealed inflation section; by means of air inlets (101) or air outlets (101),) And (4) inflating, preferably, connecting the explosion-proof high-pressure fan with the air inlet and the air outlet of the test pipeline through the air pipe of the fan after inflation, and realizing uniform air mixing. An air inlet (101) or an air outlet (101),) After the gas is inflated, the gas is blocked by using bolts, and when ignition is needed at the end part of a non-pipeline, an ignition head can be installed at one opening, so that the load test of igniting gas explosion at different positions in a test pipeline is realized.
Other tests can be performed by those skilled in the art according to the actual test requirements based on the structure shown in fig. 1, such as using a plurality of basic pipelines as test pipelines, using one or more observation pipelines as test pipelines, or using one or more explosion venting pipelines as test pipelines; any number and any sequence of combinations of the three conduits may also be used to practice the invention.
In a specific embodiment, an air supply mixing system, a barrier or an ignition head is installed on an end cover plate fixedly connected with the end of the test pipeline, so that the change of the form, the position and the number of the obstacles in the pipeline and the change of the ignition position or the inflation position are realized, and the details are omitted.
Second embodiment, on the basis of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, this embodiment provides a gas explosion simulation test device in the underground utility tunnel space, including: the device comprises a test pipeline (1), wherein two ends of the test pipeline (1) are communicated and comprise an explosion venting pipeline (13); two ends of the explosion venting pipeline (13) are communicated and are provided with flange plates (104), and the explosion venting pipeline is hermetically connected with other parts adjacent to the explosion venting pipeline through sealing flanges; reserved air inlet (101) and air outlet (101) of explosion venting pipeline (13),) An inlet (101) and an outlet (101),) The embedded module is used for installing the embedded module, and comprises an obstacle, an air supply mixing system or an ignition head; the explosion venting pipe is provided with a gas concentration monitoring port (102) and a sensor mounting port (102)，). FIG. 2 shows that the test pipeline (1) further comprises a base pipeline (11) and an observation pipeline (12), wherein two ends of the base pipeline (11) and the observation pipeline (12) are communicated and provided with flanges (104), and the base pipeline (11) and the observation pipeline (12) are hermetically connected with other components adjacent to the base pipeline (11) and the observation pipeline (12) through sealing flanges; the basic pipeline (11) and the observation pipeline (12) are both reserved with an air inlet (101) and an air outlet (101),) An inlet (101) and an outlet (101),) The embedded module is used for installing the embedded module, and comprises an obstacle, an air supply mixing system or an ignition head; the explosion venting pipe is provided with a gas concentration monitoring port (102) and a sensor mounting port (102)，）。
An observation window (121) is further arranged on the side wall of the observation pipeline (12), in the specific embodiment, the observation window is formed by embedding explosion-proof glass into an observation window reserved in the observation pipeline, the cross section of the observation window is a T-shaped boss, the boss protrudes towards the inner side of the observation pipeline and is buckled on the observation window, and the top surface of the explosion-proof glass boss is flush with the inner side of the side wall of the observation pipeline; the explosion-proof glass is fixed on the side wall of the observation pipeline by a pressing steel frame and a steel frame fixing bolt.
And an explosion venting hole (135) for installing an explosion venting plate is formed in the outer side of the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline (13). Preferably, bolt holes are reserved in the edges of the explosion venting holes (135), and the explosion venting plate is fixed on the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline through the matching of bolts and the reserved bolt holes. The connection mode is fastened and convenient for dismounting and replacing explosion venting plates with different specifications. When the explosion venting hole on the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline is used, the end cover plate of the pipeline is selectively installed to realize the change of the explosion venting direction and realize the change of the size of the explosion venting area, the explosion venting position and the explosion venting direction. The explosion venting plate adopts different apertures to meet different test requirements and realize the change of explosion venting area.
According to test requirements, the basic pipeline (11), the observation pipeline (12) and the explosion venting pipeline (13) are steel pipelines, and the polyethylene film is fixed on the inner walls of the basic pipeline (11), the observation pipeline (12) and/or the explosion venting pipeline (13) through magnetic stripes. The end part of the test pipeline is fixedly provided with an end cover plate through a flange. According to specific test purposes, the device can freely select the number of the basic pipelines (11), the observation pipelines (12) and the explosion venting pipelines (13) and change the positions of the basic pipelines, the observation pipelines and the explosion venting pipelines. When the end cover plate (115) is installed at the end of the test pipeline, a through hole (not shown) preset on the end cover plate (115) can be used for connecting an embedded module, and the embedded module comprises a barrier, an air supply mixing system or an ignition head. The end cover plate is provided with a through hole, an air inlet (101) and an air outlet (101),) The functions of the three ports are interchangeable, and the three ports can be connected with corresponding embedded modules according to actual test purposes.
The invention can select different numbers of basic pipelines, observation pipelines and explosion venting pipelines, all the pipelines are fixedly controlled by flanges, the sequence of all the pipelines can be adjusted according to the actual test requirements, and the air inlets and the air outlets are arranged, thereby realizing flexible selection of inflation positions and realizing various test simulation effects.
Third embodiment, on the basis of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, this embodiment provides a gas explosion simulation test device in the underground utility tunnel space, including: a test pipe (1) and a transition member (2); the two ends of the test pipeline (1) are communicated, and the test pipeline comprises a base pipeline (11), an observation pipeline (12) and an explosion venting pipeline (13);
two ends of the basic pipeline (11), the observation pipeline (12) and the explosion venting pipeline (13) are communicated, flanges (104) are arranged at the two ends of the basic pipeline (11), the observation pipeline (12) or the explosion venting pipeline (13) and other parts adjacent to the basic pipeline (11), the observation pipeline (12) or the explosion venting pipeline (13) are in sealing connection through sealing flanges; the observation pipeline (12) is provided with an observation window (121);
the basic pipeline (11), the observation pipeline (12) and the explosion venting pipeline (13) are reserved with an air inlet (101) and an air outlet (101) which are used for installing barriers or used for air inlet or air outlet,) (ii) a Two end parts of the test pipeline (1) are fixed with end cover plates (115) through flanges, and an ignition head (116) is arranged on one end cover plate (115); the other end cover plate (115) is sealed by bolts, which are not shown in the figure;
the basic pipeline (11), the observation pipeline (12) and the explosion venting pipe (13) are all provided with a gas concentration monitoring port (102) and a sensor mounting port (102)，）；
The two ends of the transition member are communicated, flanges (not shown in the flange plate figure) are arranged at the two ends of the transition member, the transition member (21) is hermetically connected with a basic pipeline (11) and an observation pipeline or an explosion venting pipeline (13) which form the test pipeline (1) through flanges, and the transition member is communicated with the pipe gallery test piece (2);
can fix the piping lane test piece according to actual need during experimental. In other embodiments, 0 or more base conduits (11), 0 or more observation conduits (12) and/or 0 or more venting conduits (13) may be provided; and the sequence and the number of the pipelines are adjusted according to needs during the test. The test pipeline (1), the pipe gallery test piece (2) and the transition member (21) can be freely combined in multiple sections and are connected by fixing the flange plates (104) through high-strength bolts (106), and meanwhile, a rubber gasket (105) is added between the flange plates to keep air tightness.
The invention can select different numbers of basic pipelines, observation pipelines, explosion venting pipelines and different numbers of transition components, all the components are fixedly controlled by flanges, the sequence of all the pipelines can be adjusted according to the actual test requirement, and the adjustment of the pipeline length and the position of an observation window can be realized by selecting different splicing modes; and each pipeline all sets up air inlet and gas outlet, has realized the selection of nimble position of aerifing, can realize multiple experimental simulation effect.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a foundation pipeline 11 of the utility tunnel provided by the embodiment of the invention;
the base pipe (11) shown in fig. 4 comprises an air inlet (101), an air outlet (101),) A gas concentration monitoring port (102), and a pressure sensor mounting port (102)，) A stiffening rib (103), a flange plate (104),
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a utility tunnel observation pipeline configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention; the observation pipeline is added with an observation window (121) on the basis of the basic pipeline (11) as shown in figure 5. In the specific embodiment, the basic pipeline (11), the observation pipeline (12) and the explosion venting pipeline (13) are steel pipelines, and the inner walls of the steel pipelines can be provided with magnetic strips (123) for fixing polyethylene films (122). In a specific embodiment, a polyethylene film (122) can be fixed in the basic pipeline (11), the observation pipeline (12) or the explosion venting pipeline (13) through a magnetic strip (123) to form an inflation section according to requirements, the inflation section is communicated with an inflation device, and the inflation section is a pipeline section between the polyethylene film (122) and the ignition head (116).
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a comprehensive pipe gallery explosion venting pipeline structure according to an embodiment of the invention; fig. 6 shows that the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline (13) of the embodiment is provided with an explosion venting hole (135) for installing an explosion venting plate, and when the top explosion venting hole (135) of the explosion venting pipeline (13) is selected for explosion venting, the tail part of the explosion venting pipeline (13) can be provided with a pipeline end cover plate (115). The explosion venting plate has different sizes of apertures or no apertures.
In the specific embodiment, a completely closed square explosion venting plate (1353), a 20cm square explosion venting plate (1352) or a 40cm square explosion venting plate (1351) is adopted according to the actual test requirements (as shown in fig. 7).
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a viewing window of the duct of the present invention; as shown in fig. 8, the observation duct (12) includes: the pipeline comprises a pipeline side wall outer part (1211), a pipeline side wall inner part (1212), a steel frame fixing bolt (1213), explosion-proof glass (1214) and a press-fixed steel frame (1215);
the observation window (121) is made of explosion-proof glass (1214), the cross section of the observation window (121) is a T-shaped boss, the boss protrudes outwards, and the inner wall of the observation window (121) is a smooth plane. The explosion-proof glass (1214) is fixed on the outer side of the side wall of the observation pipeline (12) by a pressing and fixing steel frame (1215) and a steel frame fixing bolt (1213), and the top surface of a boss of the explosion-proof glass (1214) is flush with the inner side of the side wall of the observation pipeline (12).
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a fully closed structure of a explosion venting hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;
as shown in fig. 9, the fully closed explosion venting plate (1353) of the explosion venting port (135) is processed into a boss shape with a T-shaped cross section to ensure the flatness and smoothness of the inner wall of the pipeline when no explosion venting condition exists at the top of the pipeline.
The fully-closed explosion venting plate (1353) is fixed on the outer side (1354) of the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline by an explosion venting plate fixing bolt (1356), and the top surface of a boss of the fully-closed explosion venting plate (1353) is flush with the inner side (1355) of the top wall of the pipeline.
And a explosion venting plate rubber gasket (1357) is arranged between the completely closed explosion venting plate (1353) and the outer side (1354) of the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline to keep airtightness.
The explosion venting port (135) of the explosion venting pipeline (13) can realize the change of the explosion venting area by replacing a 40CM explosion venting plate (1351), a 20CM explosion venting plate (1352), a completely closed explosion venting plate (1353) or not installing the explosion venting plate with different sizes.
The pipe preformed holes (101 ),102, or 102，And) different forms of obstacle models can be installed to realize the change of the position and the number of the obstacles, and the obstacles are tightly screwed and sealed by bolts when not in use.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a venting structure of a venting hole 40CM adopted in the embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 10, the 40CM explosion venting plate (1351) is fixed on the outer side of the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline (1354), and the upper surface and the lower surface of the 40CM explosion venting plate (1351) are flush with the outer side of the top wall of the pipeline (1354) and the inner side of the top wall of the pipeline (1355) respectively and are fixed by explosion venting plate fixing bolts (1356).
FIG. 11 is a schematic A-A cross-sectional view of a tube lane specimen used in an embodiment of the present invention;
in a fourth embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, a simulation test system for gas explosion in a space of an underground utility tunnel is provided, which includes: the gas explosion simulation test device, the gas supply mixing system, the ignition system and the data image acquisition system in the underground comprehensive pipe gallery space are provided by the technical scheme;
the gas supply and mixing system comprises a gas cylinder group, and the gas cylinder group is connected (101) with the gas inlets of the basic pipeline (1) and the observation pipeline (2) or the explosion venting pipeline (13) through a pressure reducing valve (1121) and a gas inlet valve (1122);
the firing head (116) comprises an initiator (1111), the initiator (1111) being connected to the firing head (116) by an initiator cable; the ignition head (116) is positioned in the center of the test pipeline end cover plate (115),
the data image acquisition system comprises at least one of an infrared analyzer (113), a pressure sensor and a high-speed camera, wherein a detection head of the infrared analyzer (113) can extend into the test pipeline (1) through the gas concentration monitoring port (102);
the probe of the pressure sensor (133) is mounted on the sensor mounting port (102),) And with the test tube way (1) inner wall parallel and level, pressure sensor (133) area water cooling system (132), can more accurate record the pressure data to on data acquisition appearance (131) with signal transmission through data cable (1311). The device is characterized by further comprising a high-speed camera (12) which is arranged outside the foundation pipeline (11), the observation pipeline (12) and the explosion venting pipeline (13) and can shoot a test process, and the high-speed camera (12) can capture the flame state of a key position.
The gas inlet valve (1122) is communicated with an inflation section of the test pipeline (1) after the gas cylinder group (112) is connected in series through the pressure reducing valve (1121), and the inflation section is a pipeline section between the polyethylene film (122) and the ignition head (116).
On the basis of the technical scheme, the air supply mixing system further comprises an explosion-proof high-pressure fan, and the explosion-proof high-pressure fan can pass through an air inlet (101) and an air outlet (101) of the fan air pipe (1141) and the test pipeline (1),) Are connected.
The operation steps of the test device provided by the invention are as follows:
1. hoisting a needed basic pipeline (11), an observation pipeline (12), an explosion venting pipeline (13), a pipe gallery test piece (2) and a transition member (21) to a concrete floor (3), after leveling, stacking a rubber gasket (105) between pipeline flange discs (104) and screwing and fixing an end flange disc (104) by a high-strength bolt (106), thereby realizing the fixation and connection among the basic pipeline (11), the observation pipeline (12), the explosion venting pipeline (13), the pipe gallery test piece (2) and the transition member (21);
2. hoisting an end cover plate (115), padding a rubber gasket (105) between an end flange and the end cover plate (115), fixing the end cover plate (115) at the ignition end of the test pipeline (1) by using a high-strength bolt (106), and mounting an ignition head (116) on a screw hole reserved in the center of the cover plate;
3. hoisting a pipeline end cover plate (115) according to the requirement, padding a rubber gasket (105) between the tail flange and the pipeline end cover plate (115), and fixing the pipeline end cover plate (115) at the tail end of the test pipeline (1) by using a high-strength bolt (106);
4. hoisting 40CM explosion venting plates (1351), 20CM explosion venting plates (1352) and completely closing the explosion venting plates (1353) according to requirements, laying rubber gaskets (1357) between the explosion venting plates (1351, 1352 and 1353) and the explosion venting ports (135), and fixing the explosion venting plates (1351, 1352 and 1353) on the selected explosion venting ports (135) by using fixing bolts (1356);
5. the edge of the polyethylene film (122) is pressed and fixed on the inner wall of the steel pipeline by a magnetic strip, and the polyethylene film is utilized to separate the internal space of the pipeline;
6. opening a pressure reducing valve (1121), and filling combustible gas into a space separated by a polyethylene film (122) from the gas bottle group (112) to the test pipeline (1) through an air inlet valve (1122);
7. monitoring the concentration of gas in the pipeline in real time by using an infrared gas analyzer (113), and simultaneously turning on an explosion-proof high-pressure fan (114) to fully and uniformly mix the mixed gas in the pipeline so as to ensure that the concentration in the pipeline is the same everywhere;
8. when the concentration reaches a designated value, the explosion-proof high-pressure fan (114) is closed, the ignition head (116) is detonated after turbulent airflow such as standing for 30 seconds stops, the explosion pressure is recorded through the pressure sensor (133), and the flame state of the key position is shot through the high-speed camera (12).
By adopting the testing device provided by the invention, the loading of gas explosion on the comprehensive pipe gallery in a uniform mixing state can be realized, and test data is provided for researching the gas explosion load evolution rule in the pipe gallery space and the damage and damage mechanism of the pipe gallery structure under the gas explosion effect. The test device can realize the change of the length of the pipeline, the position of the observation window and the position of the explosion venting port by selection and assembly; the explosion venting area is changed without installing an explosion venting plate or by replacing a 40CM explosion venting plate (1351), a 20CM explosion venting plate (1352) and a completely closed explosion venting plate (1353) with different sizes; the positions and the number of the obstacles are changed by installing different forms of obstacle models in the reserved holes; the polyethylene film (122) fixed by the magnetic strip (123) is adopted to separate the space in the pipeline, so that the change of the air inflation volume and the air position is realized.
The invention can realize the loading of gas explosion on the comprehensive pipe rack in a uniform mixing state, and provides test data for researching the gas explosion load evolution law in the pipe rack space and the damage and damage mechanism of the pipe rack structure under the gas explosion effect.
The above examples of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. All obvious changes and modifications which are obvious to the technical scheme of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. Gas explosion analogue test device in utility tunnel space, its characterized in that includes: the test pipeline is communicated with two ends and comprises at least one of a base pipeline, an observation pipeline and an explosion venting pipeline, and the base pipeline, the observation pipeline and/or the explosion venting pipeline are connected in any combination and sequence;
the basic pipeline, the observation pipeline and the explosion venting pipeline are hermetically connected with other adjacent components through sealing flanges; at least two through holes are reserved in the basic pipeline, the observation pipeline and the explosion venting pipeline, and each through hole comprises a first through hole and a second through hole; the first through hole and the second through hole can be sealed by bolts; the first through hole and the second through hole are used for installing an embedded module, and the embedded module comprises a barrier, an air supply mixing system or an ignition head; the observation pipeline is provided with an observation window, and the outer side of the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline is provided with an explosion venting hole for installing an explosion venting plate;
the gas explosion simulation test device in the underground comprehensive pipe gallery space further comprises at least one transition member, two ends of the transition member are communicated, flanges are arranged at two ends of the transition member, and the transition member and a basic pipeline, an observation pipeline and/or an explosion venting pipeline which form the test pipeline are connected in any sequence; the transition member is used for connecting the test pipeline with the pipe gallery model in a sealing manner through a flange plate, and the transition member is communicated with the test pipeline and the pipe gallery model;
the test pipeline both ends can be through flange stiff end apron, the end apron sets up the through-hole and is used for the installation the embedding module, the through-hole can be sealed with the bolt.
2. The gas explosion simulation test device in the underground comprehensive pipe gallery space according to claim 1, wherein the observation window is formed by embedding explosion-proof glass into an observation window reserved in the observation pipeline, the cross section of the explosion-proof glass is a T-shaped boss, the boss protrudes towards the inner side of the observation pipeline and is buckled on the observation window, and the top surface of the boss of the explosion-proof glass is flush with the inner side of the side wall of the observation pipeline; the explosion-proof glass is fixed on the side wall of the observation pipeline by a pressing steel frame and a steel frame fixing bolt.
3. The underground utility tunnel space gas explosion simulation test device of claim 1, wherein the test pipes are steel pipes, and the inner walls of the test pipes are fixed with magnetic stripes to polyethylene films so as to form an inflation section between the polyethylene films.
4. The underground utility tunnel space gas explosion simulation test device of claim 1, wherein bolt holes are reserved at the edge of the explosion venting holes, the explosion venting plates comprise explosion venting plates with different apertures, and the explosion venting plates with different apertures can be fixed on the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline through the matching of bolts and the reserved bolt holes.
5. The gas explosion simulation test device in the underground comprehensive pipe gallery space according to claim 4, wherein the explosion venting plate is a fully-closed explosion venting plate which is of a T-shaped boss structure and is fastened in an explosion venting hole and fixed to the top wall of the explosion venting pipeline through a bolt.
6. The gas explosion simulation test device in utility tunnel space of claim 1, characterized in that the foundation pipeline, the observation pipeline and the explosion venting pipeline are reserved with a third through hole for installing a sensor.
7. Gas explosion simulation test system in utility tunnel space, its characterized in that includes: the underground comprehensive pipe gallery space gas explosion simulation test device, the gas supply mixing system, the ignition system and the data image acquisition system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6;
the gas supply mixing system comprises a gas cylinder group, and the gas cylinder group is connected with the through hole of the basic pipeline, the observation pipeline or the explosion venting pipeline through a pressure reducing valve and a gas inlet valve;
the firing head comprises an initiator connected to the firing head by an initiator cable;
the data image acquisition system comprises at least one of an infrared analyzer, a pressure sensor or a high-speed camera, and a detection head of the infrared analyzer can extend into the test pipeline through the through hole;
the detecting head of the pressure sensor can be arranged in the through hole, the end part of the sensor is parallel and level with the inner wall of the pipeline, and the signal is transmitted to the data acquisition instrument through the data cable.
8. The simulated gas explosion testing system in a utility tunnel space of claim 7, comprising: the air supply mixing system further comprises an explosion-proof high-pressure fan, and the explosion-proof high-pressure fan can be connected with the first through hole and the second through hole of the test pipeline through a fan air pipe.
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| CN114377319A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-04-22 | 福州大学 | Pipe gallery gas explosion suppression method and device and pipe gallery explosion suppression simulation experiment system |
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