CN111255847A - Vibration damper for railway vehicle - Google Patents

Vibration damper for railway vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111255847A
CN111255847A CN202010053099.7A CN202010053099A CN111255847A CN 111255847 A CN111255847 A CN 111255847A CN 202010053099 A CN202010053099 A CN 202010053099A CN 111255847 A CN111255847 A CN 111255847A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
end cover
valve
base
damping
hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202010053099.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN111255847B (en
Inventor
刘畅
庞林春
陈春鹏
周小智
方照根
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd
Changzhou CRRC Diesel Engine Parts Co Ltd
Original Assignee
CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd
Changzhou CRRC Diesel Engine Parts Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd, Changzhou CRRC Diesel Engine Parts Co Ltd filed Critical CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd
Priority to CN202010053099.7A priority Critical patent/CN111255847B/en
Publication of CN111255847A publication Critical patent/CN111255847A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/072368 priority patent/WO2021143893A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN111255847B publication Critical patent/CN111255847B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
    • F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
    • F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
    • F16F9/18—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein
    • F16F9/19—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein with a single cylinder and of single-tube type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3214—Constructional features of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3235—Constructional features of cylinders
    • F16F9/3242—Constructional features of cylinders of cylinder ends, e.g. caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
    • F16F9/341—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages comprising noise-reducing or like features, e.g. screens
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/44—Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction
    • F16F9/446—Adjustment of valve bias or pre-stress
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/0005—Attachment, e.g. to facilitate mounting onto confer adjustability

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rail vehicle shock absorber, which comprises: the inner end of the base component is hermetically fixed with an oil storage cylinder; the oil cylinder is arranged in the oil storage cylinder, and one end of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner end of the base assembly in a sealing manner; the end cover assembly is fixedly connected with the other ends of the oil cylinder and the oil storage cylinder in a sealing way; the piston assembly is arranged in the oil cylinder and is in sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of the oil cylinder; the piston rod assembly penetrates through the end cover assembly and is in sealing sliding connection with the end cover assembly, and the inner end of the piston rod assembly is fixedly connected with the piston assembly; the outer end of the piston rod assembly and the outer end of the base assembly are both provided with rubber joints fixedly connected with the piston rod assembly and the base assembly; and damping valves capable of adjusting the damping force from the outside are arranged on the base assembly and the end cover assembly. The damping valves capable of adjusting the damping force from the outside are arranged on the base assembly and the end cover assembly, so that the adjustment is very convenient, and the whole shock absorber does not need to be disassembled, thereby greatly improving the adjustment efficiency of the damping force of the valve system.

Description

Vibration damper for railway vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rail vehicle shock absorber.
Background
When the motor train unit operates, due to the fact that the motor train unit is disturbed by various factors, interaction is necessarily generated between each vehicle of the motor train unit and each rail, and transverse and longitudinal unbalanced forces are generated through interaction. In addition, in the manufacturing process, the rails cannot be absolutely straight and rigid, and the wheels of the motor train unit cannot be perfectly round. Due to the unbalanced force and the manufacturing error, the motor train unit can present a complex motion law when running along the steel rails, so that vibration is inevitably generated, and the vibration can have important influence on the running safety of the motor train unit and the comfort of passengers. For reducing vibration frequency and amplitude and improving the running safety of the motor train unit, the application of the oil pressure shock absorber in the motor train unit is more and more extensive, but the existing shock absorber is more complex in valve system adjustment on the premise of meeting the shock absorption effect due to design reasons, is not beneficial to improving the working efficiency, has larger noise and is contrary to the concept of vibration absorption and noise reduction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a railway vehicle shock absorber with a shock absorber valve system convenient to adjust and low vibration noise.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a rail vehicle shock absorber comprising:
the inner end of the base component is hermetically fixed with an oil storage cylinder;
the oil cylinder is arranged in the oil storage cylinder, and one end of the oil cylinder is hermetically connected with the inner end of the base assembly;
the end cover assembly is hermetically connected with the other ends of the oil cylinder and the oil storage cylinder;
the piston assembly is arranged in the oil cylinder and is in sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of the oil cylinder;
the piston rod assembly penetrates through the end cover assembly and is in sealing sliding connection with the end cover assembly; the inner end of the piston rod assembly is fixedly connected with the piston assembly;
the outer end of the piston rod assembly and the outer end of the base assembly are both provided with rubber joints fixedly connected with the piston rod assembly and the base assembly;
and damping valves capable of adjusting the damping force from the outside are arranged on the base assembly and the end cover assembly.
The base assembly comprises a base, a bottom valve, a first base damping valve, a second base damping valve and a plug; the oil storage cylinder is fixed at the inner end of the base in a sealing manner; a bottom valve mounting hole is formed in the center of the inner end of the base; the base is provided with two damping valve mounting holes which are vertically arranged along the radial direction; the bottom valve mounting hole is communicated with the intersection of the two damping valve mounting holes; the base is also provided with two base oil through holes which are respectively communicated with one ends of the two damping valve mounting holes; the inner end surface of the base is also provided with a base oil through groove extending from the base oil through hole to the edge of the inner end; one end of the bottom valve is hermetically connected in the bottom valve mounting hole, and the other end of the bottom valve is hermetically connected with the oil cylinder; the first base damping valve and the second base damping valve are respectively arranged at one end of each damping valve mounting hole communicated with the base oil through hole, and the other ends of the two damping valve mounting holes are sealed through plugs.
The bottom valve comprises a bottom valve body, a valve plate, a tower spring and a pre-tightening nut; the inner end of the bottom valve body is provided with an annular groove, the center of the annular groove is a tubular part, and the tubular part extends towards the two ends; the valve plate is arranged in the annular groove of the valve body and sleeved on the tubular part; the pre-tightening nut is detachably and fixedly connected with the end part of the inner end of the tubular part; the tower spring is sleeved on the tubular part and compressed between the valve plate and the pre-tightening nut; the outer end of the tubular part is fixedly connected in a bottom valve mounting hole of the base in a sealing way; the bottom surface of the annular groove is provided with a plurality of oil guide holes covered by the valve plate, and the oil guide holes axially penetrate through the bottom surface of the annular groove.
The first base damping valve comprises a first base damping valve seat, a first base damping valve core, a first base damping spring and a first base valve adjusting nut which are sequentially arranged; the first base damping valve seat is fixed in a damping valve mounting hole and is positioned between the bottom valve mounting hole and the base oil through hole; a first valve seat hole which axially penetrates through the first base damping valve seat is formed in the first base damping valve seat; a first T-shaped valve core hole is formed in the first base damping valve core and comprises a radial part which penetrates through the first base damping valve core along the radial direction and an axial part which is communicated with a first valve seat hole of the first base damping valve seat; and the first base valve adjusting nut is in threaded connection with the damping valve mounting hole.
The diameter of the first valve seat hole of the first base damping valve seat is larger than the diameter of the axial part of the first T-shaped valve core hole of the first base damping valve core and larger than the diameter of the radial part of the first T-shaped valve core hole of the first base damping valve core.
A first cylindrical boss is arranged at one end of the axial part of the first base damping valve core, which is back to the first T-shaped valve core hole; one end of the first base damping spring is sleeved on the first cylindrical boss.
The first base valve adjusting nut is provided with a groove for accommodating the first base damping spring at one end facing the first base damping spring.
A valve core oil outlet step and a spring supporting step are sequentially arranged on the end face of one end, back to the first base damping valve seat, of the first base damping valve core; the first cylindrical boss is arranged on the spring support step; and an oil outlet square groove communicated with the radial part of the first T-shaped valve core hole is formed in the circumferential surface of the spring supporting step.
The second base damping valve comprises a second base damping valve seat, a second base damping valve core, a second base damping spring and a second base valve adjusting nut which are sequentially arranged; the second base damping valve seat is fixed in the other damping valve mounting hole and is positioned between the bottom valve mounting hole and the oil through hole; a second valve seat hole which axially penetrates through the second base damping valve seat is formed in the second base damping valve seat; the second base damping valve core is suitable for forming surface sealing with the end face of a second base damping valve seat so as to cover the second valve seat hole; and the second base valve adjusting nut is in threaded connection with the damping valve mounting hole.
A second cylindrical boss is arranged on the second base damping valve core; one end of the second base damping spring is sleeved on the second cylindrical boss.
And one end of the second base valve adjusting nut facing the second base damping spring is provided with a groove for accommodating the second base damping spring.
The base assembly further comprises a base valve cover; the end part of one end of the two damping valve mounting holes, which is provided with the base damping valves, is detachably fixed with a base valve cover.
The end cover assembly comprises an end cover, a first end cover damping valve, a second end cover damping valve, an end cover one-way valve and an end cover locking piece; a piston rod mounting hole axially penetrating through two end faces of the end cover is formed in the center of the end cover; the piston rod assembly is connected with the piston rod mounting hole in a sealing and sliding manner; the inner end of the end cover is fixedly connected with the oil cylinder in a sealing way; the end cover locking piece is fixed on the peripheral surface of the end cover and is in sealing connection with the oil storage cylinder; the end cover is also provided with a first end cover damping valve mounting hole, a second end cover damping valve mounting hole and a one-way valve mounting hole; the first end cover damping valve mounting hole and the second end cover damping valve mounting hole penetrate through two end faces of the end cover; the one-way valve mounting hole is a blind hole with an opening arranged on the inner end face of the end cover; the outer peripheral surface of the end cover is provided with three end cover oil through holes which are respectively communicated with the first end cover damping valve mounting hole, the second end cover damping valve mounting hole and the one-way valve mounting hole, and end cover oil through grooves which respectively extend from the three end cover oil through holes to the inner end surface of the end cover; the first end cover damping valve, the second end cover damping valve and the end cover one-way valve are respectively installed in the first end cover damping valve installation hole, the second end cover damping valve installation hole and the one-way valve installation hole.
And the first end cover damping valve mounting hole, the second end cover damping valve mounting hole and the one-way valve mounting hole in the end cover are gradually far away from the piston rod mounting hole from the direction from the inner end face to the outer end face of the end cover.
The first end cover damping valve of the end cover assembly comprises a first end cover damping valve seat, a first end cover damping valve core, a first end cover damping spring and a first end cover valve adjusting nut which are sequentially arranged; the first end cover damping valve seat is fixed between the inner end of the first end cover damping valve mounting hole and the end cover oil through hole; a third valve seat hole which axially penetrates through the first end cover damping valve seat is formed in the first end cover damping valve seat; the first end cover damper valve core is provided with a first T-shaped valve core hole, and the first T-shaped valve core hole comprises a radial part which radially penetrates through the first end cover damper valve core and an axial part which is communicated with a first valve seat hole of the first end cover damper valve seat; and the first end cover valve adjusting nut is in threaded connection with the outer end of the first end cover damping valve mounting hole.
The diameter of the third valve seat hole of the first end cover damper valve seat is larger than the diameter of the axial part of the second T-shaped valve core hole of the first end cover damper valve core and larger than the diameter of the radial part of the second T-shaped valve core hole of the first end cover damper valve core.
The outer end of the first end cover damping valve core is provided with a third cylindrical boss, and one end of the first end cover damping spring is sleeved on the third cylindrical boss.
The inner end of the first end cover adjusting valve nut is provided with a groove for accommodating a first end cover damping spring.
The second end cover damping valve of the end cover assembly comprises a second end cover damping valve seat, a second end cover damping valve core, a second end cover damping spring and a second end cover valve adjusting nut which are sequentially arranged; the second end cover damping valve seat is fixed between the inner end of the second end cover damping valve mounting hole and the end cover oil through hole; a fourth valve seat hole which axially penetrates through the second end cover damping valve seat is formed in the second end cover damping valve seat; the second end cap damper spool is adapted to form a face seal with an end face of a second end cap damper valve seat to cover the fourth valve seat orifice; and the second end cover valve adjusting nut is in threaded connection with the outer end of the second end cover damping valve mounting hole.
And grooves for accommodating a second end cover damping spring are formed in the second end cover damping valve core and the second end cover valve adjusting nut.
The one-way valve mounting hole of the end cover is a stepped hole, the small end of the one-way valve mounting hole is communicated with the oil through hole of the end cover, and the one-way valve of the end cover is mounted inside the large end of the one-way valve mounting hole; the end cover one-way valve comprises a one-way valve core, a one-way valve spring and a one-way valve pre-tightening nut which are sequentially arranged; the one-way valve core is in contact with a step surface in the one-way valve mounting hole to form surface sealing and is suitable for covering the small end part of the one-way valve mounting hole; the check valve pre-tightening nut is in threaded connection with the large end of the check valve mounting hole; the check valve pre-tightening nut is provided with a central through hole.
And the one-way valve core and the one-way valve pre-tightening nut are respectively provided with a groove for accommodating a one-way valve spring.
The piston assembly comprises a piston and an unloading valve; a piston rod fixing hole is formed in the center of the piston; the piston is further provided with at least two unloading valve mounting holes arranged around the piston rod fixing hole, each unloading valve mounting hole is internally provided with one unloading valve, and the mounting directions of the unloading valves in the two adjacent unloading valve mounting holes are opposite.
The unloading valve comprises an unloading valve seat, an unloading valve core, an unloading spring and a piston valve adjusting nut which are arranged in sequence; the piston valve adjusting nut is in threaded connection with the other end of the unloading valve mounting hole; a fifth valve seat hole which axially penetrates through the unloading valve seat is formed in the unloading valve seat; the unloader valve cartridge is adapted to cover the fifth valve seat orifice.
A fourth cylindrical boss is arranged on the unloading valve core, and one end of the unloading spring is sleeved on the fourth cylindrical boss; and a groove for accommodating the unloading spring is arranged on the piston adjusting valve nut.
A rail vehicle shock absorber, further comprising: and the dust cover is fixed at the outer end part of the piston rod assembly, and the edge of the dust cover extends to the inner end part of the piston rod assembly along the axial direction.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the damping valves capable of adjusting the damping force from the outside are arranged on the base assembly and the end cover assembly, so that the adjustment is very convenient, and the whole shock absorber does not need to be disassembled, thereby greatly improving the adjustment efficiency of the damping force of the valve system.
(2) According to the invention, the first T-shaped valve core hole is formed in the first base damping valve core, the second T-shaped valve core hole is formed in the first end cover damping valve core, so that the damping force value is more stable, and the T-shaped valve core hole is provided with a radial part which penetrates along the radial direction, so that the oil spraying direction can be changed, and the oil spraying noise is effectively reduced.
(3) When the vibration of the vibration absorber is generated, high-pressure oil firstly passes through a T-shaped valve core hole of a first base/end cover damping valve core to generate a primary damping force, and when the vibration speed is accelerated and the oil pressure is further increased, the first base/end cover damping valve core compresses a first base/end cover damping spring under the action of the oil hydraulic pressure to open the first base/end cover damping valve, and at the moment, a secondary damping force is generated; when the vibration speed is increased again, the oil pressure is increased again, the second base/end cover damping valve is opened, and at the moment, three-level damping force is generated, so that the shock absorber is protected from being damaged due to too large internal pressure.
(4) The end cover one-way valve of the end cover assembly can ensure that oil passes through the oil through hole, and after the pressure of a one-way valve spring acting on the one-way valve core is overcome, one-way oil return is realized through the one-way valve mounting hole and the central through hole of the one-way valve pre-tightening nut, but the oil cannot realize reverse flow.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the base valve of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the base assembly of the present invention at a first base damper valve.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first base damper spool of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a top view of a first base damper spool of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the base assembly of the present invention at a second base damper valve.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the endcap assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 7
Fig. 9 is a rear view of fig. 7.
Fig. 10 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the piston assembly of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the drawings are:
the damping valve comprises a base component 1, a base 1-1, a bottom valve mounting hole 1-1-1, a damping valve mounting hole 1-1-2, a base oil through hole 1-1-3, an oil through groove 1-1-4, a bottom valve 1-2, a bottom valve body 1-2-1, an annular groove 1-2-1-1, a tubular part 1-2-1-2, an oil guide hole 1-2-1-3 edge, a valve plate 1-2-2, a tower spring 1-2-3, a pre-tightening nut 1-2-4, a first base damping valve 1-3, a first base damping valve seat 1-3-1, a first base damping valve core 1-3-2, a first T-shaped valve core hole 1-3-2-1, a first cylindrical boss 1-3-2-2, The valve core oil outlet step 1-3-2-3, the spring support step 1-3-2-4, the oil outlet square groove 1-3-2-5, the first base damping spring 1-3-3, the first base valve adjusting nut 1-3-4, the second base damping valve 1-4, the second base damping valve seat 1-4-1, the second base damping valve core 1-4-2, the second base damping spring 1-4-3, the second base valve adjusting nut 1-4-4, the plug 1-5 and the base valve cover 1-6;
a reserve tube 2;
an oil cylinder 3;
an end cover component 4, an end cover 4-1, a piston rod mounting hole 4-1-1, a first end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-2, a second end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-3, a one-way valve mounting hole 4-1-4, an end cover oil through hole 4-1-5, an end cover oil through groove 4-1-6, a first end cover damping valve 4-2, a first end cover damping valve seat 4-2-1, a first end cover damping valve core 4-2-2, a first end cover damping spring 4-2-3, a first end cover valve adjusting nut 4-2-4, a second end cover damping valve 4-3, a second end cover damping valve seat 4-3-1, a second end cover damping valve core 4-3-2 and a second end cover damping spring 4-3-3, 4-3-4 parts of a second end cover valve adjusting nut, 4-4 parts of an end cover one-way valve, 4-4-1 parts of a one-way valve core, 4-4-2 parts of a one-way valve spring, 4-4-3 parts of a one-way valve pre-tightening nut and 4-5 parts of an end cover locking piece;
the piston assembly 5, a piston 5-1, a piston rod fixing hole 5-1-1, an unloading valve mounting hole 5-1-2, an unloading valve 5-2, an unloading valve seat 5-2-1, an unloading valve core 5-2-2, an unloading spring 5-2-3 and a piston valve adjusting nut 5-2-4;
a piston rod assembly 6;
a rubber joint 7;
a dust cover 8.
Detailed Description
(example 1)
Referring to fig. 1, the rail vehicle shock absorber of the present embodiment includes a base assembly 1, a reserve tube 2, a cylinder 3, an end cover assembly 4, a piston assembly 5, a piston rod assembly 6 and a rubber joint 7.
One end of the reserve tube 2 is sealingly secured to the inner end of the base assembly 1. The oil cylinder 3 is arranged in the oil storage cylinder 2, and one end of the oil cylinder 3 is connected with the inner end of the base component 1 in a sealing mode. The end cover assembly 4 is connected with the oil cylinder 3 and the other end of the oil storage cylinder 2 in a sealing mode. The piston assembly 5 is arranged in the oil cylinder 3 and is in sealing sliding connection with the inner wall of the oil cylinder 3. The piston rod assembly 6 extends through the end cap assembly 4 and is in sealed sliding connection with the end cap assembly 4. The inner end of the piston rod assembly 6 is fixedly connected with the piston assembly 5. The outer end of the piston rod assembly 6 and the outer end of the base assembly 1 are both provided with rubber joints 7 fixedly connected with the piston rod assembly.
Referring to fig. 2 to 6, the base assembly 1 comprises a base 1-1, a bottom valve 1-2, a first base damping valve 1-3, a second base damping valve 1-4 and a plug 1-5. The oil storage cylinder 2 is hermetically fixed at the inner end of the base 1-1 in a welding mode. The center of the inner end of the base 1-1 is provided with a bottom valve mounting hole 1-1-1. Two damping valve mounting holes 1-1-2 which are vertically arranged along the radial direction are arranged on the base 1-1. The bottom valve mounting hole 1-1-1 is communicated with the intersection of the two damping valve mounting holes 1-1-2. The base 1-1 is also provided with two base oil through holes 1-1-3, and the two base oil through holes 1-1-3 are respectively communicated with one ends of the two damping valve mounting holes 1-1-2. The inner end surface of the base 1-1 is also provided with a base oil through groove 1-1-4 which extends from the base oil through hole 1-1-3 to the inner end edge. One end of the bottom valve 1-2 is hermetically connected in the bottom valve mounting hole 1-1-1 through a sealing ring, and the other end is hermetically connected with the oil cylinder 3 through a sealing ring. The first base damping valve 1-3 and the second base damping valve 1-4 are respectively arranged at one end of the base oil through hole 1-1-3 in the two damping valve mounting holes 1-1-2, and the other ends of the two damping valve mounting holes 1-1-2 are sealed through plugs 1-5.
Referring to fig. 2, the bottom valve 1-2 comprises a bottom valve body 1-2-1, a valve plate 1-2-2, a tower spring 1-2-3 and a pre-tightening nut 1-2-4. The inner end of the bottom valve body 1-2-1 is provided with an annular groove 1-2-1-1, the center of the annular groove 1-2-1-1 is a tubular part 1-2-1-2, and the tubular part 1-2-1-2 extends towards two ends. The valve plate 1-2-2 is arranged in the annular groove 1-2-1-1 of the valve body and sleeved on the tubular part 1-2-1-2. The pre-tightening nut 1-2-4 is detachably and fixedly connected with the inner end part of the tubular part 1-2-1-2. The tower spring 1-2-3 is sleeved on the tubular part 1-2-1-2 and compressed between the valve plate 1-2-2 and the pre-tightening nut 1-2-4. The outer end of the tubular part 1-2-1-2 is fixedly connected in the bottom valve mounting hole 1-1-1 of the base 1-1 in a sealing way. The bottom surface of the annular groove 1-2-1-1 is provided with a plurality of oil guide holes 1-2-1-3 covered by the valve plate 1-2-2, and the oil guide holes 1-2-1-3 axially penetrate through the bottom surface of the annular groove 1-2-1-1.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the first base damping valve 1-3 comprises a first base damping valve seat 1-3-1, a first base damping valve core 1-3-2, a first base damping spring 1-3-3 and a first base valve adjusting nut 1-3-4 which are sequentially arranged. The first base damping valve seat 1-3-1 is fixed in a damping valve mounting hole 1-1-2 and is positioned between the base valve mounting hole 1-1-1 and the base oil through hole 1-1-3. The first base damping valve seat 1-3-1 is provided with a first valve seat hole which axially penetrates through the first base damping valve seat 1-3-1. A first T-shaped valve core hole 1-3-2-1 is formed in the first base damper valve core 1-3-2, and the first T-shaped valve core hole 1-3-2-1 comprises a radial portion penetrating through the first base damper valve core 1-3-2 in the radial direction and an axial portion communicated with a first valve seat hole of the first base damper valve seat 1-3-1. The first base valve adjusting nut 1-3-4 is in threaded connection with the damping valve mounting hole 1-1-2.
The diameter of the first valve seat hole > the diameter of the axial portion of the first T-shaped valve core hole 1-3-2-1 > the diameter of the radial portion of the first T-shaped valve core hole 1-3-2-1. The diameter of the axial portion of the first T-shaped spool hole 1-3-2-1 is greater than 2.8 times the diameter of the radial portion, ensuring that the amount of oil passing through the axial portion is greater than the amount of oil passing through the radial portion.
One end of the axial part of the first base damping valve core 1-3-2, which is back to the first T-shaped valve core hole 1-3-2-1, is provided with a first cylindrical boss 1-3-2-2. One end of the first base damping spring 1-3-3 is sleeved on the first cylindrical boss 1-3-2-2. One end of the first base valve adjusting nut 1-3-4 facing the first base damping spring 1-3-3 is provided with a groove for accommodating the first base damping spring 1-3-3. The end face of one end of the first base damping valve core 1-3-2, which is back to the first base damping valve seat 1-3-1, is sequentially provided with a valve core oil outlet step 1-3-2-3 and a spring support step 1-3-2-4; the first cylindrical boss 1-3-2-2 is arranged on the spring supporting step 1-3-2-4, and an oil outlet square groove 1-3-2-5 communicated with the radial part of the first T-shaped valve core hole 1-3-2-1 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the spring supporting step 1-3-2-4.
Referring to fig. 6, the second base damping valve 1-4 comprises a second base damping valve seat 1-4-1, a second base damping valve core 1-4-2, a second base damping spring 1-4-3 and a second base valve adjusting nut 1-4-4 which are sequentially arranged. The second base damping valve seat 1-4-1 is fixed in the other damping valve mounting hole 1-1-2 and is positioned between the bottom valve mounting hole 1-1-1 and the oil through hole 1-1-4. And a second valve seat hole which penetrates through the second base damping valve seat 1-4-1 along the axial direction is formed in the second base damping valve seat 1-4-1. The second base damper valve core 1-4-2 is suitable for forming a surface seal with the end face of the second base damper valve seat 1-4-1, and further covers the second valve seat hole. The second base valve adjusting nut 1-4-4 is in threaded connection with the damping valve mounting hole 1-1-2.
And a second cylindrical boss is arranged on the second base damping valve core 1-4-2. One end of the second base damping spring 1-4-3 is sleeved on the second cylindrical boss. One end of the second base valve adjusting nut 1-4-4 facing the second base damping spring 1-4-3 is provided with a groove for accommodating the second base damping spring 1-4-3.
The base assembly 1 further includes a base valve cover 1-6. The end parts of the two damping valve mounting holes 1-1-2, which are provided with the base damping valves, of one ends are detachably fixed with base valve covers 1-6.
Referring to fig. 7, the end cap assembly 4 comprises an end cap 4-1, a first end cap damper valve 4-2, a second end cap damper valve 4-3, an end cap check valve 4-4 and an end cap retaining member 4-5. The center of the end cover 4-1 is provided with a piston rod mounting hole 4-1-1 which axially penetrates through two end faces of the end cover 4-1. The piston rod assembly 6 is in sealing sliding connection with the piston rod mounting hole 4-1-1. The inner end of the end cover 4-1 is hermetically connected with the oil cylinder 3 through a sealing ring. The end cover locking piece 4-5 is fixed on the peripheral surface of the end cover 4-1 and is fixedly connected with the oil storage cylinder 2 in a sealing way, preferably in a threaded way. The end cover 4-1 is also provided with a first end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-2, a second end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-3 and a one-way valve mounting hole 4-1-4. The first end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-2 and the second end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-3 penetrate through two end faces of the end cover 4-1. The one-way valve mounting hole 4-1-4 is a blind hole with an opening arranged on the inner end face of the end cover 4-1. The peripheral surface of the end cover 4-1 is provided with three end cover oil through holes 4-1-5 which are respectively communicated with the first end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-2, the second end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-3 and the one-way valve mounting hole 4-1-4, and an end cover oil through groove 4-1-6 which is respectively extended from the three end cover oil through holes 4-1-5 to the inner end surface of the end cover 4-1. The first end cover damping valve 4-2, the second end cover damping valve 4-3 and the end cover check valve 4-4 are respectively arranged in the first end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-2, the second end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-3 and the check valve mounting hole 4-1-4.
The first end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-2, the second end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-3 and the check valve mounting hole 4-1-4 on the end cover 4-1 are all gradually far away from the piston rod mounting hole 4-1-1 from the inner end face to the outer end face of the end cover 4-1.
The first end cover damping valve 4-2 of the end cover assembly 4 comprises a first end cover damping valve seat 4-2-1, a first end cover damping valve core 4-2-2, a first end cover damping spring 4-2-3 and a first end cover valve adjusting nut 4-2-4 which are sequentially arranged. The first end cover damping valve seat 4-2-1 is fixed between the inner end of the first end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-2 and the end cover oil through hole 4-1-5. The first end cover damping valve seat 4-2-1 is provided with a third valve seat hole which axially penetrates through the first end cover damping valve seat 4-2-1. The structure of the first end cover damper valve core 4-2-2 is consistent with that of the first base damper valve core 1-3-2. The first end cap damper spool 4-2-2 is provided with a second T-spool bore that includes a radial portion that radially extends through the first end cap damper spool 4-2-2 and an axial portion that communicates with a third spool bore of the first end cap damper spool 4-2-1. The first end cover valve adjusting nut 4-2-4 is in threaded connection with the outer end of the first end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-2.
The diameter of the third seat bore > the diameter of the axial portion of the second T-shaped spool bore > the diameter of the radial portion of the second T-shaped spool bore. The diameter of the axial portion of the second T-shaped spool bore is greater than 2.8 times the diameter of the radial portion, ensuring that the amount of oil passing through the axial portion is greater than the amount of oil passing through the radial portion.
The outer end of the first end cover damping valve core 4-2-2 is provided with a third cylindrical boss, and one end of the first end cover damping spring 4-2-3 is sleeved on the third cylindrical boss. The inner end of the first end cover adjusting valve nut 4-2-4 is provided with a groove for accommodating the first end cover damping spring 4-2-3.
The second end cover damping valve 4-3 of the end cover component 4 comprises a second end cover damping valve seat 4-3-1, a second end cover damping valve core 4-3-2, a second end cover damping spring 4-3-3 and a second end cover valve adjusting nut 4-3-4 which are sequentially arranged. The second end cover damping valve seat 4-3-1 is fixed between the inner end of the second end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-3 and the end cover oil through hole 4-1-5. And a fourth valve seat hole which axially penetrates through the second end cover damping valve seat 4-3-1 is formed in the second end cover damping valve seat 4-3-1. The second end cap damper spool 4-3-2 is adapted to form a face seal with an end face of the second end cap damper valve seat 4-3-1 to cover the fourth valve seat orifice. And a second end cover valve adjusting nut 4-3-4 is in threaded connection with the outer end of the second end cover damping valve mounting hole 4-1-3.
Grooves for accommodating the second end cover damping spring 4-3-3 are formed in the second end cover damping valve core 4-3-2 and the second end cover valve adjusting nut 4-3-4.
The one-way valve mounting hole 4-1-4 of the end cover 4-1 is a stepped hole, the small end of the one-way valve mounting hole 4-1-4 is communicated with the end cover oil through hole 4-1-5, and the end cover one-way valve 4-4 is mounted inside the large end of the one-way valve mounting hole 4-1-4. The end cover one-way valve 4-4 comprises a one-way valve core 4-4-1, a one-way valve spring 4-4-2 and a one-way valve pre-tightening nut 4-4-3 which are arranged in sequence. The one-way valve core 4-4-1 is contacted with the step surface inside the one-way valve mounting hole 4-1-4 to form surface sealing and is suitable for covering the small end part of the one-way valve mounting hole 4-1-4. The check valve pre-tightening nut 4-4-3 is in threaded connection with the large end of the check valve mounting hole 4-1-4. The check valve pre-tightening nut 4-4-3 is provided with a central through hole. Grooves for accommodating the one-way valve spring 4-4-2 are arranged on the one-way valve core 4-4-1 and the one-way valve pre-tightening nut 4-4-3.
Different compression lengths of the one-way valve spring 4-4-2 are realized by adjusting the screwing-in depth of the one-way valve pre-tightening nut 4-4-3, and then the oil return opening degree of the one-way valve core 4-4-1 is adjusted. The end cover one-way valve 4-4 can ensure that oil passes through the oil through hole, and after the pressure of the one-way valve spring 4-4-2 acting on the one-way valve core 4-4-1 is overcome, one-way oil return is realized through the one-way valve mounting hole 4-1-4 and the central through hole of the one-way valve pre-tightening nut 4-4-3, but the oil cannot realize reverse flow.
The piston assembly 5 comprises a piston 5-1 and an unloading valve 5-2. The center of the piston 5-1 is provided with a piston rod fixing hole 5-1-1. The piston 5-1 is also provided with at least two unloading valve mounting holes 5-1-2 arranged around the piston rod fixing hole 5-1-1, one unloading valve 5-2 is arranged in each unloading valve mounting hole 5-1-2, and the mounting directions of the unloading valves 5-2 in the two adjacent unloading valve mounting holes 5-1-2 are opposite. The unloading valve 5-2 comprises an unloading valve seat 5-2-1, an unloading valve core 5-2-2, an unloading spring 5-2-3 and a piston valve adjusting nut 5-2-4 which are arranged in sequence. The unloading valve seat 5-2-1 is fixedly connected with one end of the unloading valve mounting hole 5-1-2, and the piston valve adjusting nut 5-2-4 is in threaded connection with the other end of the unloading valve mounting hole 5-1-2. And a fifth valve seat hole which axially penetrates through the unloading valve seat 5-2-1 is formed in the unloading valve seat 5-2-1. The unloader spool 5-2-2 is adapted to cover the fifth valve seat orifice.
In order to enable the unloading spring 5-2-3 to be installed more stably, a fourth cylindrical boss is arranged on the unloading valve core 5-2-2, one end of the unloading spring 5-2-3 is sleeved on the fourth cylindrical boss, and a groove for accommodating the unloading spring 5-2-3 is formed in the piston valve adjusting nut 5-2-4.
When the bottom valve installation structure is installed, the bottom valve 1-2 is installed on the oil cylinder 3, then the oil cylinder 3 and the bottom valve 1-2 are installed inside the oil storage cylinder 2, and the bottom valve 1-2 is installed in the bottom valve installation hole 1-1-1. And then the end cover assembly 4 is connected with the oil cylinder 3, and the end cover locking piece 4-5 is tightly connected with the oil storage cylinder 2 through threads.
The rail vehicle shock absorber of the present embodiment further includes a dust cover 8. The dust cover 8 is fixed to the outer end of the piston rod assembly 6 and has an edge extending axially in the direction of the inner end of the piston rod assembly 6.
The vibration reduction process of the rail vehicle vibration reducer of the embodiment is as follows: in the compression cycle, when the vehicle shakes to drive the piston assembly 5 to move rightwards at a relatively low speed, oil in the right cavity of the oil cylinder 3 flows back to the oil storage cylinder 2 through the tubular part 1-2-1-2 of the bottom valve 1-2, the first valve seat hole of the first base damping valve seat 1-3-1, the first T-shaped valve core hole 1-3-2-1 on the first base damping valve core 1-3-2 and the base oil through hole 1-1-3, at the moment, the first base damping valve core 1-3-2 cannot move under the action of the pre-tightening force of the first base damping spring 1-3-3, only small-hole throttling generates damping force, and as the radial part of the first T-shaped valve core hole 1-3-2-1 is arranged along the radial direction, the oil sprayed out from the first T-shaped valve core hole 1-3-2-1 is directly mixed with the damping valve mounting hole 1 1-2, so that the noise is greatly reduced;
when the shaking speed is increased to a certain degree, the flow passing through the first base damping valve core 1-3-2 is increased, the oil hydraulic pressure compresses the first base damping spring 1-3-3 to cause the first base damping valve core 1-3-2 to move and open, the damping force mainly comes from the throttling of the opening of the first base damping valve core 1-3-2 to generate the damping force, when the shaking speed is increased again, the second base damping valve core 1-4-2 arranged on the base 1-1 is opened, and the damping force mainly comes from the throttling of the openings of the two valves;
when the shaking speed continues to increase, the unloading valve core 5-2-2 of the unloading valve 5-2 arranged close to the right of the unloading valve core 5-2-2 arranged on the piston 5-1 is opened to release pressure, so that the shock absorber is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge pressure; meanwhile, because negative pressure is generated in the left cavity of the oil cylinder 3, the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2 opens the one-way valve core 4-4-1 under the action of pressure and flows into the left cavity of the oil cylinder 3.
In the stretching circulation, when the vehicle shakes to drive the piston assembly 5 to move leftwards, when the first speed level is reached, oil in the left cavity of the oil cylinder 3 flows into the oil storage cylinder 2 through a second T-shaped valve core hole of the first end cover damping valve core 4-2-2, at the moment, because the flow passing through the first end cover damping valve core 4-2-2 is relatively small, the first end cover damping valve core 4-2-2 cannot move under the action of the pre-tightening force of the first end cover damping spring 4-2-3, and only small hole throttling generates damping force;
when the shaking speed reaches a second speed grade, the flow passing through the first end cover damping valve core 4-2-2 is large, the first end cover damping spring 4-2-3 is compressed by oil hydraulic pressure to enable the first end cover damping valve core 4-2-2 to move and open, and at the moment, the damping force mainly comes from the opening throttling of the first end cover damping valve core 4-2-2 to generate damping force;
when the shaking speed is higher, the flow rate is increased, so that the second end cover damper valve core 4-3-2 is opened, and the damping force mainly comes from the opening throttling of the two valves.
When the shaking speed continues to increase, the unloading valve core 5-2-2 arranged on the piston 5-1 is opened to release pressure by the unloading valve core 5-2-2 of the unloading valve 5-2 arranged on the left, so that the shock absorber is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge pressure; meanwhile, because negative pressure is generated in the right cavity of the oil cylinder 3, oil in the oil storage cylinder 2 opens the valve plate 1-2-2 and flows into the right cavity of the oil cylinder 3 under the action of pressure.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A rail vehicle shock absorber, comprising:
the inner end of the base component (1) is hermetically fixed with an oil storage cylinder (2);
the oil cylinder (3) is arranged in the oil storage cylinder (2), and one end of the oil cylinder (3) is hermetically connected with the inner end of the base component (1);
the end cover assembly (4) is connected with the oil cylinder (3) and the other end of the oil storage cylinder (2) in a sealing way;
the piston assembly (5) is arranged in the oil cylinder (3) and is in sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of the oil cylinder (3);
the piston rod assembly (6) penetrates through the end cover assembly (4) and is in sealing sliding connection with the end cover assembly (4); the inner end of the piston rod assembly (6) is fixedly connected with the piston assembly (5);
the outer end of the piston rod assembly (6) and the outer end of the base assembly (1) are respectively provided with a rubber joint (7) fixedly connected with the piston rod assembly and the base assembly;
and damping valves capable of adjusting the damping force from the outside are arranged on the base component (1) and the end cover component (4).
2. A rail vehicle shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: the base component (1) comprises a base (1-1), a bottom valve (1-2), a first base damping valve (1-3), a second base damping valve (1-4) and a plug (1-5); the oil storage cylinder is fixed at the inner end of the base (1-1) in a sealing way; a bottom valve mounting hole (1-1-1) is formed in the center of the inner end of the base (1-1); two damping valve mounting holes (1-1-2) which are vertically arranged along the radial direction are formed in the base (1-1); the bottom valve mounting hole (1-1-1) is communicated with the intersection of the two damping valve mounting holes (1-1-2); the base (1-1) is also provided with two base oil through holes (1-1-3), and the two base oil through holes (1-1-3) are respectively communicated with one ends of the two damping valve mounting holes (1-1-2); the inner end face of the base (1-1) is also provided with a base oil through groove (1-1-4) extending from the base oil through hole (1-1-3) to the inner end edge; one end of the bottom valve (1-2) is hermetically connected in the bottom valve mounting hole (1-1-1), and the other end of the bottom valve is hermetically connected with the oil cylinder (3); the first base damping valve (1-3) and the second base damping valve (1-4) are respectively arranged at one end of the two damping valve mounting holes (1-1-2) communicated with the base oil through holes (1-1-3), and the other ends of the two damping valve mounting holes (1-1-2) are sealed through plugs (1-5).
3. A rail vehicle shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom valve (1-2) comprises a bottom valve body (1-2-1), a valve plate (1-2-2), a tower spring (1-2-3) and a pre-tightening nut (1-2-4); the inner end of the bottom valve body (1-2-1) is provided with an annular groove (1-2-1-1), the center of the annular groove (1-2-1-1) is provided with a tubular part (1-2-1-2), and the tubular part (1-2-1-2) extends towards two ends; the valve plate (1-2-2) is arranged in the annular groove (1-2-1-1) of the valve body and sleeved on the tubular part (1-2-1-2); the pre-tightening nut (1-2-4) is detachably and fixedly connected with the inner end part of the tubular part (1-2-1-2); the tower spring (1-2-3) is sleeved on the tubular part (1-2-1-2) and compressed between the valve plate (1-2-2) and the pre-tightening nut (1-2-4); the outer end of the tubular part (1-2-1-2) is fixedly connected in a bottom valve mounting hole (1-1-1) of the base (1-1) in a sealing way; the bottom surface of the annular groove (1-2-1-1) is provided with a plurality of oil guide holes (1-2-1-3) covered by the valve plate (1-2-2), and the oil guide holes (1-2-1-3) axially penetrate through the bottom surface of the annular groove (1-2-1-1).
4. A rail vehicle shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein: the first base damping valve (1-3) comprises a first base damping valve seat (1-3-1), a first base damping valve core (1-3-2), a first base damping spring (1-3-3) and a first base valve adjusting nut (1-3-4) which are sequentially arranged; the first base damping valve seat (1-3-1) is fixed in a damping valve mounting hole (1-1-2) and is positioned between the bottom valve mounting hole (1-1-1) and the base oil through hole (1-1-3); a first valve seat hole which penetrates through the first base damping valve seat (1-3-1) along the axial direction is formed in the first base damping valve seat (1-3-1); a first T-shaped valve core hole (1-3-2-1) is formed in the first base damping valve core (1-3-2), and the first T-shaped valve core hole (1-3-2-1) comprises a radial portion penetrating through the first base damping valve core (1-3-2) in the radial direction and an axial portion communicated with a first valve seat hole of the first base damping valve seat (1-3-1); the first base valve adjusting nut (1-3-4) is in threaded connection with the damping valve mounting hole (1-1-2).
5. A rail vehicle shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein: the second base damping valve (1-4) comprises a second base damping valve seat (1-4-1), a second base damping valve core (1-4-2), a second base damping spring (1-4-3) and a second base valve adjusting nut (1-4-4) which are sequentially arranged; the second base damping valve seat (1-4-1) is fixed in the other damping valve mounting hole (1-1-2) and is positioned between the bottom valve mounting hole (1-1-1) and the oil through hole (1-1-4); a second valve seat hole which penetrates through the second base damping valve seat (1-4-1) along the axial direction is formed in the second base damping valve seat (1-4-1); the second base damping valve core (1-4-2) is suitable for forming surface sealing with the end face of the second base damping valve seat (1-4-1) so as to cover the second valve seat hole; the second base valve adjusting nut (1-4-4) is in threaded connection with the damping valve mounting hole (1-1-2).
6. A rail vehicle shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: the end cover assembly (4) comprises an end cover (4-1), a first end cover damping valve (4-2), a second end cover damping valve (4-3), an end cover one-way valve (4-4) and an end cover locking piece (4-5); a piston rod mounting hole (4-1-1) which axially penetrates through two end faces of the end cover (4-1) is formed in the center of the end cover (4-1); the piston rod assembly (6) is in sealed sliding connection with the piston rod mounting hole (4-1-1); the inner end of the end cover (4-1) is hermetically connected with the oil cylinder (3); the end cover locking piece (4-5) is fixed on the peripheral surface of the end cover (4-1) and is fixedly connected with the oil storage cylinder (2) in a sealing way; the end cover (4-1) is also provided with a first end cover damping valve mounting hole (4-1-2), a second end cover damping valve mounting hole (4-1-3) and a one-way valve mounting hole (4-1-4); the first end cover damping valve mounting hole (4-1-2) and the second end cover damping valve mounting hole (4-1-3) penetrate through two end faces of the end cover (4-1); the one-way valve mounting hole (4-1-4) is a blind hole with an opening arranged on the inner end face of the end cover (4-1); the outer peripheral surface of the end cover (4-1) is provided with three end cover oil through holes (4-1-5) which are respectively communicated with the first end cover damping valve mounting hole (4-1-2), the second end cover damping valve mounting hole (4-1-3) and the one-way valve mounting hole (4-1-4), and end cover oil through grooves (4-1-6) which respectively extend from the three end cover oil through holes (4-1-5) to the inner end surface of the end cover (4-1); the first end cover damping valve (4-2), the second end cover damping valve (4-3) and the end cover one-way valve (4-4) are respectively installed in the first end cover damping valve installation hole (4-1-2), the second end cover damping valve installation hole (4-1-3) and the one-way valve installation hole (4-1-4).
7. A rail vehicle shock absorber according to claim 6, wherein: the first end cover damping valve (4-2) of the end cover assembly (4) comprises a first end cover damping valve seat (4-2-1), a first end cover damping valve core (4-2-2), a first end cover damping spring (4-2-3) and a first end cover valve adjusting nut (4-2-4) which are sequentially arranged; the first end cover damping valve seat (4-2-1) is fixed between the inner end of the first end cover damping valve mounting hole (4-1-2) and the end cover oil through hole (4-1-5); a third valve seat hole which axially penetrates through the first end cover damping valve seat (4-2-1) is formed in the first end cover damping valve seat (4-2-1); the first end cover damper valve core (4-2-2) is provided with a second T-shaped valve core hole, and the second T-shaped valve core hole comprises a radial part which radially penetrates through the first end cover damper valve core (4-2-2) and an axial part which is communicated with a third valve seat hole of the first end cover damper valve seat (4-2-1); the first end cover valve adjusting nut (4-2-4) is in threaded connection with the outer end of the first end cover damping valve mounting hole (4-1-2).
8. A rail vehicle shock absorber according to claim 6, wherein: the second end cover damping valve (4-3) of the end cover component (4) comprises a second end cover damping valve seat (4-3-1), a second end cover damping valve core (4-3-2), a second end cover damping spring (4-3-3) and a second end cover valve adjusting nut (4-3-4) which are sequentially arranged; the second end cover damping valve seat (4-3-1) is fixed between the inner end of the second end cover damping valve mounting hole (4-1-3) and the end cover oil through hole (4-1-5); a fourth valve seat hole which penetrates through the second end cover damping valve seat (4-3-1) along the axial direction is formed in the second end cover damping valve seat (4-3-1); the second end cover damper valve core (4-3-2) is suitable for forming a surface seal with the end surface of the second end cover damper valve seat (4-3-1) so as to cover the fourth valve seat hole; and the second end cover valve adjusting nut (4-3-4) is in threaded connection with the outer end of the second end cover damping valve mounting hole (4-1-3).
9. A rail vehicle shock absorber according to claim 6, wherein: the one-way valve mounting hole (4-1-4) of the end cover (4-1) is a stepped hole, the small end of the one-way valve mounting hole (4-1-4) is communicated with the end cover oil through hole (4-1-5), and the end cover one-way valve (4-4) is mounted inside the large end of the one-way valve mounting hole (4-1-4); the end cover one-way valve (4-4) comprises a one-way valve core (4-4-1), a one-way valve spring (4-4-2) and a one-way valve pre-tightening nut (4-4-3) which are arranged in sequence; the one-way valve core (4-4-1) is in contact with a step surface in the one-way valve mounting hole (4-1-4) to form surface sealing, and is suitable for covering the small end part of the one-way valve mounting hole (4-1-4); the check valve pre-tightening nut (4-4-3) is in threaded connection with the large end of the check valve mounting hole (4-1-4); the check valve pre-tightening nut (4-4-3) is provided with a central through hole.
10. A rail vehicle shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: the piston assembly (5) comprises a piston (5-1) and an unloading valve (5-2); a piston rod fixing hole (5-1-1) is formed in the center of the piston (5-1); the piston (5-1) is further provided with at least two unloading valve mounting holes (5-1-2) arranged around the piston rod fixing hole (5-1-1), each unloading valve mounting hole (5-1-2) is internally provided with one unloading valve (5-2), and the mounting directions of the unloading valves (5-2) in the two adjacent unloading valve mounting holes (5-1-2) are opposite.
CN202010053099.7A 2020-01-17 2020-01-17 Vibration damper for railway vehicle Active CN111255847B (en)

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CN202010053099.7A CN111255847B (en) 2020-01-17 2020-01-17 Vibration damper for railway vehicle
PCT/CN2021/072368 WO2021143893A1 (en) 2020-01-17 2021-01-18 Hydraulic shock absorber and railway vehicle

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4497394A (en) * 1981-09-23 1985-02-05 Automobiles Peugot/Automobiles Citroen Piston having valves for a damper
JP2000074120A (en) * 1998-06-17 2000-03-07 Kayaba Ind Co Ltd Two-stage expansion type hydraulic shock absorber
CN1447764A (en) * 2000-08-22 2003-10-08 康尼公司 Rotation damper with valve
CN101857039A (en) * 2009-04-10 2010-10-13 萱场工业株式会社 Linear shock absorber for railway vehicles
CN202418394U (en) * 2011-11-22 2012-09-05 广东机电职业技术学院 Solid valve type damper with double communicated air chambers
WO2015185550A1 (en) * 2014-06-02 2015-12-10 Lisega SE Valve for hydraulic damper
CN105240442A (en) * 2015-11-03 2016-01-13 株洲时代装备技术有限责任公司 Oil damper
CN207864509U (en) * 2017-12-30 2018-09-14 珠海市业成轨道交通设备科技有限公司 A kind of two-way external adjustable linear oil damper in high speed mark dynamic rail road
CN108679146A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-10-19 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 A kind of EMU oil-pressure damper

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4497394A (en) * 1981-09-23 1985-02-05 Automobiles Peugot/Automobiles Citroen Piston having valves for a damper
JP2000074120A (en) * 1998-06-17 2000-03-07 Kayaba Ind Co Ltd Two-stage expansion type hydraulic shock absorber
CN1447764A (en) * 2000-08-22 2003-10-08 康尼公司 Rotation damper with valve
CN101857039A (en) * 2009-04-10 2010-10-13 萱场工业株式会社 Linear shock absorber for railway vehicles
CN202418394U (en) * 2011-11-22 2012-09-05 广东机电职业技术学院 Solid valve type damper with double communicated air chambers
WO2015185550A1 (en) * 2014-06-02 2015-12-10 Lisega SE Valve for hydraulic damper
CN105240442A (en) * 2015-11-03 2016-01-13 株洲时代装备技术有限责任公司 Oil damper
CN207864509U (en) * 2017-12-30 2018-09-14 珠海市业成轨道交通设备科技有限公司 A kind of two-way external adjustable linear oil damper in high speed mark dynamic rail road
CN108679146A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-10-19 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 A kind of EMU oil-pressure damper

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Address after: 213000 No. 2, long pan Road, hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Wujin District, Changzhou, Jiangsu

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Patentee after: CRRC Qishuyan Locomotive and Rolling Stock Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 213000 No. 2, long pan Road, hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Wujin District, Changzhou, Jiangsu

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Patentee before: CRRC QISHUYAN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd.