CN111255730B - Flange-groove combined type blade tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor - Google Patents

Flange-groove combined type blade tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111255730B
CN111255730B CN202010043401.0A CN202010043401A CN111255730B CN 111255730 B CN111255730 B CN 111255730B CN 202010043401 A CN202010043401 A CN 202010043401A CN 111255730 B CN111255730 B CN 111255730B
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China
Prior art keywords
flange
blade
leakage vortex
vortex cavitation
groove
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CN111255730A (en
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龙新平
程怀玉
季斌
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Wuhan University WHU
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Wuhan University WHU
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Publication of CN111255730A publication Critical patent/CN111255730A/en
Priority to AU2020104197A priority patent/AU2020104197A4/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18Rotors
    • F04D29/181Axial flow rotors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/669Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00Components
    • F05D2240/20Rotors
    • F05D2240/30Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05D2240/307Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor related to the tip of a rotor blade

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

A flange-groove combined type blade tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor relates to the field of fluid machinery. The flange-groove composite tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor is arranged on the end face of the blade and comprises a plurality of flanges arranged at intervals and connecting ribs connected with the flanges, a groove is formed between every two adjacent flanges and the connecting ribs, the chord length of the flange and the end face of the blade is 30-90 degrees, and the width of the flange is 0.005-0.2 times of the chord length of the end face of the blade; one end of each flange is flush with the edge of the pressure surface of the blade, the other end of each flange is semicircular and extends out of the edge of the suction surface of the blade, the envelope line of the semicircular end of each flange is an equidistant amplification line of the outer contour of the end surface of the blade, and the distance between the envelope line and the outer contour of the end surface of the blade is 0.005-0.1 time of the chord length of the end surface of the blade. The flange-groove combined type blade tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor has a leakage vortex suppression effect in a large clearance range and can adapt to straight or curved blade end faces.

Description

Flange-groove combined type blade tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of fluid mechanical devices, in particular to a flange-groove combined type blade tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor.
Background
The axial flow type hydraulic machine is an important hydraulic machine, is widely applied to aspects of large-scale water transfer, waterlogging drainage and irrigation, ship propulsion, step power stations, ocean energy development and the like, and plays a great role in national life. In a rotor flow passage of an axial flow type hydraulic machine, a clearance is inevitably formed between a rotating rotor component and a fixed component (a pump shell or a runner chamber) on the outer edge, so that a complex vortex structure is formed near the blade top, namely blade top clearance leakage flow.
Therefore, researchers develop a great deal of research to control the leakage vortex cavitation phenomenon of the blade tip gap, and initially provide some ideas and methods with certain positive effects. In general, these methods can be divided into two broad categories: active control and passive control. The active control method mainly adjusts and controls the operation parameters of the control component according to the flow condition so as to achieve the purpose of suppressing the leakage vortex cavitation, such as an active vortex generator (actively adjusting the attack angle of the vortex generator and the like), active ventilation control (actively adjusting the flow rate of the introduced air and the like) and the like. The active control method can generally produce ideal effects in a large working condition range, but has the main defects that the method is complex in structure, needs careful maintenance and is difficult to be widely applied to actual projects with severe conditions. The passive control method is just opposite, and the passive control method is generally simpler in structure and can reliably operate under severe conditions, but because the passive control method is designed and shaped according to specific working conditions, ideal cavitation inhibition effect is difficult to generate on non-designed working conditions. The passive leakage vortex cavitation control method is a potential control method due to simple structure and reliable operation. However, the existing passive leakage vortex cavitation control method can only produce a relatively remarkable control effect on the working condition under a small gap, and cannot meet the control requirements of different gap sizes, especially under the condition of a large gap.
Accordingly, there is a need for tip leakage vortex control methods and structures that produce significant positive effects over a wide clearance range.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present application is to provide a flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor capable of generating a significant tip vortex suppression effect in a large clearance range and capable of adapting to a straight end face or a curved end face of a blade.
The embodiment of the application is realized as follows:
the embodiment of the application provides a flange-groove combined type tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor which is arranged on the end face of a blade and comprises a plurality of strip-shaped flanges arranged at intervals and connecting ribs respectively connected with the flanges, grooves are respectively formed between every two adjacent flanges and the connecting ribs, the chord length of each flange and the end face of the blade is arranged at an angle of 30-90 degrees, and the width of each flange is 0.005-0.2 times of the chord length of the end face of the blade; one end of each flange is flush with the edge of the pressure surface of the blade, the other end of each flange extends out of the edge of the suction surface of the blade, the cross section of the end part is semicircular, the envelope line of the end part of the semicircular end part of each flange is an isometric amplification line of the outer contour of the end surface of the blade, and the distance between the envelope line and the outer contour of the end surface of the blade is 0.005-0.1 time of the chord length of the end surface of the.
In some alternative embodiments, the width of the flange is 0.5 to 20 mm.
In some alternative embodiments, the end radius of the flange is 0.5 times its width.
In some alternative embodiments, the distance between the envelope and the outer contour of the end faces of the blades is 0.5 to 10 mm.
In some alternative embodiments, the width of the groove is 0.005-0.2 times the chord length of the blade.
In some alternative embodiments, the width of the groove is 0.5 to 20 mm.
In some alternative embodiments, the connecting ribs and/or the flange have at least one mounting hole formed therein.
In some alternative embodiments, the flange and the connecting ribs are made of at least one of nylon, aluminum alloy, steel.
The beneficial effect of this application is: the flange-groove composite tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor provided by the embodiment is installed on the end face of a blade, and comprises a plurality of strip-shaped flanges arranged at intervals and connecting ribs respectively connected with the flanges, grooves are respectively formed between every two adjacent flanges and the connecting ribs, the chord length of each flange and the end face of the blade is arranged at an angle of 30-90 degrees, and the width of each flange is 0.005-0.2 times of the chord length of the end face of the blade; one end of each flange is flush with the edge of the pressure surface of the blade, the other end of each flange extends out of the edge of the suction surface of the blade, the cross section of the end part is semicircular, the envelope line of the end part of the semicircular end part of each flange is an isometric amplification line of the outer contour of the end surface of the blade, and the distance between the envelope line and the outer contour of the end surface of the blade is 0.005-0.1 time of the chord length of the end surface of the. The flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor provided by the embodiment can generate a remarkable tip vortex suppression effect in a large clearance range and can adapt to a straight end face or a curved end face of a blade.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first view angle of a flange-groove combined tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor mounted on a flat blade end face according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flange-groove combined tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor provided in embodiment 1 of the present application, installed at a second view angle of a flat blade end face;
FIG. 3 is a clearance leakage vortex cavitation condition for a blade 200 without the installed flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor of example 1 at a clearance of 2 mm;
FIG. 4 is a clearance leakage vortex cavitation condition for a blade 200 having a flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor installed in accordance with example 1 at a clearance of 2 mm;
FIG. 5 is a clearance leakage vortex cavitation condition for a blade 200 without the installed flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor of example 1 at a 7mm clearance;
FIG. 6 is a gap leakage vortex cavitation condition for a blade 200 having a flange-groove composite tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor as provided in installation example 1 at a 7mm gap;
FIG. 7 is a clearance leakage vortex cavitation condition for a blade 200 without the installed flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor of example 1 at a clearance of 20 mm;
FIG. 8 is a clearance leakage vortex cavitation condition for a blade 200 having a flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor as provided in installation example 1 at a clearance of 20 mm;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor provided in embodiment 2 of the present application, which is mounted on the end face of a curved blade.
In the figure: 100. a flange; 110. connecting ribs; 111. mounting holes; 120. a trench; 200. a blade.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the application usually place when in use, and are used only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present application, it is further noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact of the first and second features, or may comprise contact of the first and second features not directly but through another feature in between. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The features and performance of the disclosed flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor are described in further detail below with reference to the examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a flange-grooveThe groove composite tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor is installed on the end face of a blade 200, the chord length C of the end face of the blade 200 is 100mm, the suppressor comprises connecting fins 110 extending along the linear direction and 16 strip-shaped flanges 100 which are arranged at intervals and are respectively connected with the middle parts of the connecting fins 110, grooves 120 are respectively formed between every two adjacent flanges 100 and the connecting fins 110, the connecting fins 110 extend along the chord length direction of the end face of the blade 200, the included angle beta between each flange 100 and the chord length of the end face of the blade 200 is 45 degrees, one end of each flange 100 is flush with the edge of the pressure face of the blade 200, the other end of each flange 100 extends out of the edge of the suction face of the blade 200, and the cross section of the end part is semicircular; wherein the width W of the flange 100110mm (0.1 times the chord length of the end face of the blade 200), the radius R of the semicircular end part of the flange 100 is 5mm, the envelope curve of the semicircular end part of each flange 100 is an isometric enlargement line of the outer contour of the end face of the blade 200, the distance H between the envelope curve and the outer contour of the end face of the blade 200 is 5mm (0.05 times the chord length of the blade 200), and the width W of the groove 120 is2The diameter of the connecting rib 110 is 10mm (0.1 times of the chord length of the end face of the blade 200), two ends of the connecting rib 110 are respectively provided with a mounting hole 111, and the flange 100 and the connecting rib 110 are both made of aluminum alloy.
The flange-groove combined type tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor provided by the embodiment is composed of connecting ribs 110 and 16 flanges 100 connected to the connecting ribs 110 at intervals along the length direction, and 30 grooves 120 located at two sides of the connecting ribs 110 are respectively formed between two adjacent flanges 100 and the connecting ribs 110, when the flange-groove combined type tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor is used, the flange-groove combined type tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor is installed on the end surface of a blade 200 through a mounting hole 111 formed in the connecting ribs 110 and a screw in a matching manner, so that one end of each flange 100 is flush with the outer contour edge of the pressure surface of the blade 200, the semicircular end part arranged at the other end protrudes out of the outer contour of the suction surface of the blade 200, the envelope curve of the semicircular end part of each flange 100 is an equidistant amplification line of the outer contour of the end surface of the blade 200, the distance H between the envelope curve and the outer contour of the end surface of the blade 200 is, and further, the occurrence of leakage vortex cavitation of the blade 200 tip clearance is inhibited, so that the throttling loss can be obviously increased under different clearance conditions, the movement of the blade 200 tip leakage flow from the pressure surface to the suction surface is hindered, and the strength of the blade 200 tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation is weakened.
The flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor is arranged in front of and behind the blade 200 and is respectively placed in a cavitation water tunnel of the switzerland federal institute of technology and institute of technology at a small clearance (2mm), a middle clearance (7mm) and a large clearance (20mm) for observation, and the result is shown in fig. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, and fig. 3 shows the clearance leakage vortex cavitation condition of the blade 200 without the flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor at the small clearance; FIG. 4 is a clearance leakage vortex cavitation condition for a blade 200 mounting a flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor at small clearances; FIG. 5 is a clearance leakage vortex cavitation condition at mid-clearance for a blade 200 without a flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor installed; FIG. 6 is a clearance leakage vortex cavitation condition at mid-clearance for a blade 200 mounting a flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor; FIG. 7 is a clearance leakage vortex cavitation condition at large clearance for a blade 200 without a flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor installed; FIG. 8 is a clearance leakage vortex cavitation condition for a large clearance for a blade 200 mounting a flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor; comparing fig. 3 with fig. 4, fig. 5 with fig. 6, fig. 7 with fig. 8, it can be seen that, after the blade 200 of the flange-groove combined type blade tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor provided by the present embodiment is added, the tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation of the blade 200 under the working conditions of large, medium and small clearances can be remarkably reduced and remarkably suppressed. In addition, the change of the lift resistance characteristic of the front blade 200 and the rear blade 200 of the flange-groove combined type blade tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor is tested under various working conditions, and the result shows that the influence of the flange-groove combined type blade tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor on the lift resistance characteristic of the blade 200 is very limited, so that the effect of blade tip clearance cavitation can be greatly improved on the premise of not influencing the hydraulic performance of the blade 200 by additionally installing the flange-groove combined type blade tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor of the embodiment.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 9, the present embodiment provides a flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor having substantially the same structure as the flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor provided in embodiment 1, except that in the present embodiment, the connecting ribs 110 are arc-shaped, and the number of flanges 100 connected by the connecting ribs 110 is 18. The flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor is installed on the end face of a curved blade.
In alternative embodiments, the number of flanges 100 to which the connecting ribs 110 connect may also be 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, or more than 20. In some optional embodiments, 1, 2, 3 or more than 3 mounting holes 111 may be further formed in the flange 100; or 1, 2, 3 or more than 3 mounting holes 111 are arranged on the flange 100 and the connecting rib 110 at the same time. In some alternative embodiments, the mounting hole 111 may not be opened, and the connecting rib 110 and the flange 100 are adhered to the end surface of the blade 200 by glue when needed; in alternative embodiments, the flange 100 and the connecting ribs 110 may also be made of nylon, copper, steel, etc.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A flange-groove composite tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor is arranged on the end face of a blade and is characterized by comprising a plurality of strip-shaped flanges arranged at intervals and connecting ribs respectively connected with the flanges, grooves are respectively formed between every two adjacent flanges and the connecting ribs, the chord length of each flange and the end face of the blade is arranged at an angle of 30-90 degrees, and the width of each flange is 0.005-0.2 time of the chord length of the end face of the blade; one end of each flange is flush with the edge of the pressure surface of the blade, the other end of each flange extends out of the edge of the suction surface of the blade, the cross section of the end part of each flange is semicircular, the envelope line of the end part of the semicircular end part of each flange is an equidistant amplification line of the outer contour of the end surface of the blade, and the distance between the envelope line and the outer contour of the end surface of the blade is 0.005-0.1 time of the chord length of the end surface of the blade.
2. The flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor of claim 1, wherein the width of the flange is 0.5-20 mm.
3. The flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor of claim 2, characterized in that the end radius of the flange is 0.5 times its width.
4. The flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor of claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the envelope and the blade tip face outer contour is 0.5-10 mm.
5. The flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor of claim 1, characterized in that the width of the groove is 0.005-0.2 times the chord length of the blade.
6. The flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor of claim 5, wherein the width of the groove is 0.5-20 mm.
7. The flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor of claim 1, characterized in that at least one mounting hole is opened on the connecting rib and/or the flange.
8. The flange-groove composite tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor of claim 1, wherein the material of construction of said flange and said connecting ribs comprises at least one of nylon, aluminum alloy, steel.
CN202010043401.0A 2020-01-15 2020-01-15 Flange-groove combined type blade tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor Active CN111255730B (en)

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CN202010043401.0A CN111255730B (en) 2020-01-15 2020-01-15 Flange-groove combined type blade tip gap leakage vortex cavitation suppressor
AU2020104197A AU2020104197A4 (en) 2020-01-15 2020-12-21 Flange-groove combined blade tip clearance leakage vortex cavitation suppressor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113404630B (en) * 2021-07-12 2022-09-02 武汉大学 Hydrofoil cavitation flow control structure
CN114934914B (en) * 2022-05-11 2024-04-09 江苏大学 Symmetrical blade and end surface bionic structure thereof
CN117408187B (en) * 2023-12-14 2024-03-01 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Guide structure for controlling cavitation of hydraulic machinery

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KR20190033984A (en) * 2017-09-22 2019-04-01 두산중공업 주식회사 Compressor and gas turbine comprising the same
CN110566284A (en) * 2019-10-09 2019-12-13 西北工业大学 Groove blade top structure with partition ribs

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6027306A (en) * 1997-06-23 2000-02-22 General Electric Company Turbine blade tip flow discouragers
US5997251A (en) * 1997-11-17 1999-12-07 General Electric Company Ribbed turbine blade tip
US6568909B2 (en) * 2001-09-26 2003-05-27 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for improving engine operation
CN101956573A (en) * 2009-07-17 2011-01-26 通用电气公司 The turbine bucket tip lid of perforation
JP2014227957A (en) * 2013-05-24 2014-12-08 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 Turbine blade
CN104613009A (en) * 2015-01-29 2015-05-13 苏莫明 Reversible axial flow fan blade with air blowing grooves
KR20190033984A (en) * 2017-09-22 2019-04-01 두산중공업 주식회사 Compressor and gas turbine comprising the same
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CN110566284A (en) * 2019-10-09 2019-12-13 西北工业大学 Groove blade top structure with partition ribs

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