CN111255442A - Method for evaluating fracturing fracture by using interference well testing theory - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of oil reservoir geology, in particular to a method for evaluating a fracturing fracture by utilizing an interference well testing theory. The method comprises the steps of surveying the communication condition of a pressure drive well and surrounding adjacent wells, and collecting the well cementation quality of the pressure drive well, a pressure drive target horizon, dynamic production information and a sedimentary phase-to-phase diagram; determining a pressure driving pressure real-time monitoring well; determining the middle depth of an oil reservoir of a pressure real-time monitoring well, the distance between the monitoring well and a pressure drive well, the dynamic production condition, the production pipe column, the well mouth and the well field condition, and determining the testing mode to be pressure gauge real-time monitoring; formulating a real-time monitoring scheme, and determining the testing construction steps and requirements; the pressure of an adjacent well in the pressure flooding process is monitored in real time, and original data are checked and accepted; monitoring a well pressure curve, and performing pressure drive disturbance time lag analysis; and performing pressure drive crack evaluation according to the pressure drive interference time lag interpretation result. The fracture method provided by the invention utilizes the interference well testing principle, judges the connectivity between wells by monitoring the pressure of adjacent wells, and explains the length of the fracture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil reservoir geology, in particular to a method for evaluating a fracturing fracture by utilizing an interference well testing theory.
Background
At present, the geological reserves of three oil layers of oil fields in some areas are large, the extraction degree is low, and the oil field is important to take over potential. The method is characterized in that a fracturing mode is adopted to inject a flooding fluid into an oil layer (hereinafter referred to as pressure drive) in 2016, a high-speed seepage channel is formed through fracturing, the flooding fluid is used as the fracturing fluid, the flooding fluid is quickly conveyed to the deep part of a reservoir layer through the fracture, and the flooding and washing of residual oil and the supplement of stratum energy are realized while the process of fracturing and fracture is carried out, so that the recovery ratio of three types of oil layers is improved. At present, the pressure flooding test has better liquid and oil increasing effects, and the field test range is continuously enlarged.
The scale of the crack in the pressure flooding process, the communication condition of the pressure flooding well and the surrounding adjacent wells and the like directly influence the design of the pressure flooding construction scale and the dynamic adjustment of the post-pressure production, so that a method for economically and effectively evaluating the crack extension distance is urgently needed to be researched.
The construction scale of the pressure drive is large, the pressure is high, and any test can not be carried out on the pressure drive well in the fracturing process. The existing evaluation means mainly comprise two types: the method has the advantages that the basic form of the crack and the extending process of the crack can be reflected through the microseism event, the testing cost is high, the connectivity among wells cannot be determined, and the influence of environmental factors is large; and secondly, after fracturing is finished and stable production is carried out for a period of time, pressure recovery/landing data of the fracturing well is measured to carry out fracture length analysis, and the method can only obtain the effective seepage improvement range after fracturing is finished and cannot achieve the purpose of effectively evaluating the extension distance of the fracturing fracture in time.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a method for evaluating a fracture by utilizing an interference well testing theory, which overcomes the defects of high testing cost, large influence by environmental factors, incapability of timely and effectively evaluating the extension distance effect of the fracture and the like in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for evaluating a fracture by utilizing an interference well testing theory, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, surveying the communication condition of the pressure drive well and surrounding adjacent wells, and acquiring the well cementation quality of the pressure drive well, a pressure drive target horizon, dynamic production information and a sedimentary facies diagram;
s2, determining a pressure flooding pressure real-time monitoring well according to the well group communication relation and the sedimentary facies diagram;
step S3, determining the middle depth of the oil deposit of the pressure real-time monitoring well, the distance between the monitoring well and the pressure drive well, the dynamic production condition, the production pipe column, the well mouth and the well site condition, and determining the testing mode to be pressure gauge real-time monitoring;
s4, formulating a real-time monitoring scheme according to the pressure flooding construction scheme and the actual condition of the monitoring well, and determining the construction testing steps and requirements;
and step S5, monitoring the pressure of the adjacent well in real time in the pressure drive process, and checking and accepting the original data.
Step S6, drawing a pressure drive displacement and monitoring well pressure curve, and performing pressure drive interference time lag analysis;
step S61, drawing construction displacement and monitoring pressure curves by using interference well testing interpretation software according to the accepted pressure drive construction data and the real-time monitoring pressure data; aligning the pressure drive displacement and pressure data according to absolute time;
step S62, accurately judging the initial time of closing the well and the end point time of closing the well according to the original report of the test and the display of the original test curve, and deleting invalid data points of the instrument and the flow pressure step section test;
step S63, calculating the extension distance of the pressure flooding fracture: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a well spacing L between the monitoring well and the pressure drive well according to the implementation data in the step S3;
△ t is determined according to the pressure drive starting time and the inflection point time of the pressure drive starting reaction monitored by the monitored well pressure curve1△ t is determined according to the end time of the pressure flooding and the inflection point time of the reaction of the pressure flooding monitored by the pressure curve of the monitored well2△ t1、△t2Substituting the crack extension distance into a pressure flooding crack extension distance calculation formula to calculate the crack extension distance xf；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and step S7, performing pressure drive crack evaluation according to the pressure drive interference time lag interpretation result.
Preferably, the step S4 specifically includes:
step S41, determining the well closing time of the monitoring well: the well closing time consists of three parts of well closing before pressing, well closing during pressing and well closing after pressing, and the reasonable well closing pressure measuring time before pressing and the well opening time after pressing delay are determined according to static data such as effective thickness and permeability of a well group perforation layer, injection quantity during normal production and dynamic data of flowing pressure; the well closing time in the process of pressing is determined by the construction time of pressing and driving;
step S42, determining the depth of the pressure gauge: the depth of the well is the depth of the middle part of the oil layer of the monitoring well, and the pressure gauge is required to be ensured to be below the liquid level when meeting the blockage;
step S43, real-time pressure monitoring construction steps and requirements: lowering a direct-reading electronic pressure gauge to a test depth in advance; stopping flow and pressing the step, wherein the effective retention time is not less than 20 min; closing the well, measuring the pressure, and observing the monitored bottom hole pressure in real time until 3-5 days after the pressure flooding construction is finished; acting as a pressure gauge.
Preferably, the step S7 specifically includes:
drawing a planar crack spreading range according to the crack extension distance calculated in the step S6;
and evaluating the advantage direction of the crack according to the drawn crack spreading condition.
(III) advantageous effects
The method for evaluating the fracturing fracture by using the interference well testing theory provided by the invention is characterized in that each pressure drive construction is similar to one large excitation of the interference well testing by using the interference well testing principle, and the length of the fracture is explained by monitoring the pressure of adjacent wells, judging the connectivity among wells and judging the length of the fracture. The method is simple, practical, economic and rapid, can be popularized and applied in a large range, and has very high economic and social benefits.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating a fracture by using an interference well testing theory according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Assuming that there is only one activation well and one observation well in a homogeneous infinite formation, they are in communication with each other, at a distance l (m); the entire formation has a uniform original pressure P prior to activation well fracturingi(MPa). At the initial stage of the stimulated well fracturing, the stratum is not yet fractured into the stratum which is kept in the original state, and at the moment, the pressure in the observation well is known from the superposition principle:
in the formula:
Pi: the original formation pressure in MPa; p (L, t):pressure at time t at distance L from the well point in MPa;
t: production time in units of h; l: length in m; q: yield in m3/d；
μ: viscosity, mPa · s; b: volume coefficient, no dimension; k: permeability in mD;
h is thickness in m, η is pressure guide coefficient in m2/s；
As can be seen from equation (1), when the activation well starts to activate, a pressure disturbance is generated in the formation, and the time for the disturbance to reach the observation well is △ t1(the radius of the pressure disturbance is L) the observation well generates a pressure-following reaction. Since the formation properties have not changed, the pressure response received by the observation well is a function of the well spacing L and the activation time t. The shorter the interwell distance, the faster the observation well receives a pressure response. At this time, the pressure disturbance radius L has the following relationship with the received pressure response in value:
when the pressure flooding construction is finished, the distance between the fracture front edge and the monitoring well is minimum, the fracture infinite flow guide is assumed, pressure disturbance caused by the pressure flooding construction finishing event can be approximately regarded as no time delay in the fracture, a signal received from the observation well is equivalent to a signal from the position of the fracture far end, and the time for receiving the signal is △ t2To obtain the formula:
Xf: crack extension distance in m.
The crack extension distance is obtained by equation 2 and equation 4:
the invention is based on the interference well testing theory, the pressure drive well is regarded as an exciting well, the monitoring well is regarded as an observation well, the fracturing is regarded as an interference wave from the beginning to the end, but the interference is essentially different from the conventional interference well testing, the conventional interference well testing is a multi-well testing technology which is developed between the exciting well and the observation well, the stratum pressure is disturbed by changing the working system of the exciting well, and after a period of time, the observation well can receive the pressure disturbance information. The time lag is related to the permeability of the reservoir and the distance between two wells. The time lag of the conventional interference test well from the beginning to the end of the interference wave passes through the stratum with the same property, so the time lag of the disturbance of the change point of the two working regimes to the observation well is the same, but the fracturing wave is used as the interference wave in the pressure drive, the stratum with different properties passes through from the beginning to the end of the interference wave, the signal of the fracture beginning passes through the undisturbed stratum, the signal of the fracture ending passes through the composite stratum consisting of the fracture and the undisturbed stratum, so the time lags of the fracture beginning and the fracture ending received on the observation well are different, and the difference becomes the key for evaluating the fracture extending distance.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a method for evaluating a fracture by using an interference well testing theory, which comprises the following steps:
s1, surveying the communication condition of the pressure drive well and surrounding adjacent wells, and acquiring the well cementation quality of the pressure drive well, a pressure drive target horizon, dynamic production information and a sedimentary facies diagram;
s2, determining a pressure flooding pressure real-time monitoring well according to the well group communication relation and the sedimentary facies diagram;
step S3, determining the middle depth of the oil deposit of the pressure real-time monitoring well, the distance between the monitoring well and the pressure drive well, the dynamic production condition, the production pipe column, the well mouth and the well site condition, and determining the testing mode to be pressure gauge real-time monitoring;
s4, formulating a real-time monitoring scheme according to the pressure flooding construction scheme and the actual condition of the monitoring well, and determining the construction testing steps and requirements;
the step S4 specifically includes:
step S41, determining the well closing time of the monitoring well: the well closing time consists of three parts of well closing before pressing, well closing during pressing and well closing after pressing, and the reasonable well closing pressure measuring time before pressing and the well opening time after pressing delay are determined according to static data such as effective thickness and permeability of a well group perforation layer, injection quantity during normal production and dynamic data of flowing pressure; the well closing time in the process of pressing is determined by the construction time of pressing and driving;
step S42, determining the depth of the pressure gauge: the depth of the well is the depth of the middle part of the oil layer of the monitoring well, and the pressure gauge is required to be ensured to be below the liquid level when meeting the blockage;
step S43, real-time pressure monitoring construction steps and requirements: lowering a direct-reading electronic pressure gauge to a test depth in advance; stopping flow and pressing the step, wherein the effective retention time is not less than 20 min; closing the well, measuring the pressure, and observing the monitored bottom hole pressure in real time until 3-5 days after the pressure flooding construction is finished; acting as a pressure gauge.
And step S5, monitoring the pressure of the adjacent well in real time in the pressure drive process, and checking and accepting the original data.
Step S6, drawing a pressure drive displacement and monitoring well pressure curve, and performing pressure drive interference time lag analysis;
step S61, drawing construction displacement and monitoring pressure curves by using interference well testing interpretation software according to the accepted pressure drive construction data and the real-time monitoring pressure data; aligning the pressure drive displacement and pressure data according to absolute time;
step S62, accurately judging the initial time of closing the well and the end point time of closing the well according to the original report of the test and the display of the original test curve, and deleting invalid data points of the instrument and the flow pressure step section test;
step S63, calculating a crack extension distance: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a well spacing L between the monitoring well and the pressure drive well according to the implementation data in the step S3;
△ t is determined according to the pressure drive starting time and the inflection point time of the pressure drive starting reaction monitored by the monitored well pressure curve1△ t is determined according to the end time of the pressure flooding and the inflection point time of the reaction of the pressure flooding monitored by the pressure curve of the monitored well2A cover △t1、△t2Substituting the crack extension distance into a pressure flooding crack extension distance calculation formula to calculate the crack extension distance xf；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and step S7, performing pressure drive crack evaluation according to the pressure drive interference time lag interpretation result. Wherein, the step S7 specifically includes:
drawing a planar crack spreading range according to the crack extension distance calculated in the step S6;
and evaluating the advantage direction of the crack according to the drawn crack spreading condition.
The fracture extension distance calculated by the embodiment of the invention is the fracture length effectively communicated with the fracturing well, the fracture communication effect can be truly reflected, and a reliable basis is provided for the fracturing fracture length design and the post-fracturing production dynamic adjustment.
In the technical invention process, 40 pressure driving wells are tracked on site, the pressure of 120 adjacent wells around is monitored in real time, 185 layers of connected layers are monitored, 153 layers can be used for explaining the fracture extension distance by using the technology, and the fracture extension distance is approved by experts.
And (3) performing fracturing construction on the pressure-flooding well in 7 months in 2018, and performing real-time pressure monitoring on 4 adjacent wells, wherein the distance between the pressure-flooding well and the monitoring well A is 132 m. After the fracture started, at1(2.01h) the monitoring well receives the pressure response of the start of fracturing, and after the completion of the fracturing drive, the pressure response passes through delta t2(0.56h) the monitoring well received the pressure response at the end of the fracture.
The extension distance of the fracture in the A well direction is 62.32m by calculation according to the formula (5).
The method can also be used for calculating the fracture extension distance of the pressure flooding well in the directions of other three wells, and meanwhile, the underground micro-seismic interpretation fracture is 71m in the west wing, 69m in the east wing and 25m in the north and south wings. A comparison of the results of the two methods together indicates that: the fracture extension distance is basically consistent in the direction of the communication well.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for evaluating a fracture by utilizing an interference well testing theory is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, surveying the communication condition of the pressure drive well and surrounding adjacent wells, and acquiring the well cementation quality of the pressure drive well, a pressure drive target horizon, dynamic production information and a sedimentary facies diagram;
s2, determining a pressure flooding pressure real-time monitoring well according to the well group communication relation and the sedimentary facies diagram;
step S3, determining the middle depth of the oil deposit of the pressure real-time monitoring well, the distance between the monitoring well and the pressure drive well, the dynamic production condition, the production pipe column, the well mouth and the well site condition, and determining the testing mode to be pressure gauge real-time monitoring;
s4, formulating a real-time monitoring scheme according to the pressure flooding construction scheme and the actual condition of the monitoring well, and determining the construction testing steps and requirements;
s5, monitoring the pressure of the adjacent well in real time in the pressure drive process to check and accept the original data;
step S6, drawing a pressure drive displacement and monitoring well pressure curve, and performing pressure drive interference time lag analysis;
step S61, drawing construction displacement and monitoring pressure curves by using interference well testing interpretation software according to the accepted pressure drive construction data and the real-time monitoring pressure data; aligning the pressure drive displacement and the pressure curve according to absolute time;
step S62, accurately judging the initial time of closing the well and the end point time of closing the well according to the original report of the test and the display of the original test curve, and deleting invalid data points of the instrument and the flow pressure step section test;
step S63, calculating a crack extension distance: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a well spacing L between the monitoring well and the pressure drive well according to the implementation data in the step S3;
△ t is determined according to the pressure drive starting time and the inflection point time of the pressure drive starting reaction monitored by the monitored well pressure curve1△ t is determined according to the end time of the pressure flooding and the inflection point time of the reaction of the pressure flooding monitored by the pressure curve of the monitored well2△ t1、△t2Substituting the crack extension distance into a pressure flooding crack extension distance calculation formula to calculate the crack extension distance xf；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and step S7, performing pressure drive crack evaluation according to the pressure drive interference time lag interpretation result.
2. The method for evaluating a fracture by using the interference well testing theory as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S4 specifically comprises:
step S41, determining the well closing time of the monitoring well: the well closing time consists of three parts of well closing before pressing, well closing during pressing and well closing after pressing, and the reasonable well closing pressure measuring time before pressing and the well opening time after pressing delay are determined according to static data such as effective thickness and permeability of a well group perforation layer, injection quantity during normal production and dynamic data of flowing pressure; the well closing time in the process of pressing is determined by the construction time of pressing and driving;
step S42, determining the depth of the pressure gauge: the depth of the well is the depth of the middle part of the oil layer of the monitoring well, and the pressure gauge is required to be ensured to be below the liquid level when meeting the blockage;
step S43, real-time pressure monitoring construction steps and requirements: lowering a direct-reading electronic pressure gauge to a test depth in advance; stopping flow and pressing the step, wherein the effective retention time is not less than 20 min; closing the well, measuring the pressure, and observing the monitored bottom hole pressure in real time until 3-5 days after the pressure flooding construction is finished; acting as a pressure gauge.
3. The method for evaluating a fracture by using the interference well testing theory as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S7 specifically comprises:
drawing a planar crack spreading range according to the crack extension distance calculated in the step S6;
and evaluating the advantage direction of the crack according to the drawn crack spreading condition.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112177604A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-01-05 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Quantitative evaluation method for determining interference degree between fracturing wells |
| CN112211627A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-12 | 西南石油大学 | Selection method of low-permeability gas reservoir interference well testing test well |
| CN112560246A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-26 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Prediction method for target well scatter formation pressure coefficient |
| CN113431542A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2021-09-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for calculating interference strength of horizontal well fracturing fracture |
| CN114060003A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-18 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司海南分公司 | Characterization method for interwell connectivity of offshore complex fault block oil reservoir |
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