Foundation pit supporting template for building foundation construction
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction equipment, and particularly relates to a foundation pit supporting template for building foundation construction.
Background
In the construction process of a building foundation, if the depth of a foundation pit exceeds five meters, in order to ensure the safety of the construction of an underground structure and the surrounding environment of the foundation pit, the side wall of the foundation pit needs to be supported, namely, the side wall of the foundation pit adopts retaining, reinforcing and protecting measures. In the excavation supporting installation process, the supporting piles are inserted into the pit bottom soil to the hard soil layer, the anchor rods are additionally arranged on the supporting piles, the anchor rods are inserted into the soil of the side wall of the excavation and are fixed to the soil of the side wall of the excavation, and meanwhile the anchor rods enable the templates to abut against the surface of the side wall of the excavation. The existing foundation pit supporting template has the following problems in the using process: (1) the supporting template is difficult to be well attached to the surface of the arc-shaped foundation pit, so that the surface of the side wall of the arc-shaped foundation pit cannot be sufficiently supported; (2) the supporting template and the anchor rod are connected through threads, so that the mounting and dismounting are unchanged and the loosening is easy; (3) in a sand layer or a mucky soil layer, the support anchor rods are easy to press into the soil to be settled, so that the support template is driven to sink, and the support effect of the support template on the surface of the side wall of the foundation pit is seriously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a foundation pit supporting template for building foundation construction, and aims to solve the following problems in the use process of the existing foundation pit supporting template: (1) the supporting template is difficult to be well attached to the surface of the arc-shaped foundation pit, so that the surface of the side wall of the arc-shaped foundation pit cannot be sufficiently supported; (2) the supporting template and the anchor rod are connected through threads, so that the mounting and dismounting are unchanged and the loosening is easy; (3) in a sand layer or a mucky soil layer, the support anchor rods are easy to press into the soil to be settled, so that the support template is driven to sink, and the support effect of the support template on the surface of the side wall of the foundation pit is seriously reduced.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a building foundation construction excavation supporting template, includes the rectangle base plate, and the both sides of base plate are connected with the parallel bar mounting panel of a plurality of length direction through the round pin axle rotation, and the length of mounting panel is the same with the width of base plate. The mounting plate is internally and slidably matched with a sliding plate parallel to the mounting plate, and the outer end face of the sliding plate is fixedly provided with a strip-shaped pressing plate perpendicular to the sliding plate. The connection part of the mounting plate and the base plate is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism. The top and the bottom of the base plate are respectively provided with a plurality of mounting blocks for fixing and supporting the anchor rod through pin shafts in a rotating way. The back of the base plate corresponds the position of the installation block and is rotationally connected with one end of a first connecting rod through a pin shaft, the installation block is rotationally connected with one end of a second connecting rod through a pin shaft, and the end parts of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged together. When the building foundation construction foundation pit supporting template is installed, the angle of each mounting plate is adjusted through the angle adjusting mechanism, and the length of the sliding plate extending out of the mounting plates is adjusted simultaneously, so that the strip-shaped pressing plate can be attached to the surface of the arc-shaped foundation pit. Thereby the angle of adjusting the installation piece through the turned angle who adjusts first connecting rod and second connecting rod, then will strut during the stock runs through the soil horizon of inserting the foundation ditch lateral wall perpendicularly behind the installation piece, again to strut the stock fix can.
The angle adjusting mechanism comprises an incomplete gear, a sliding groove, a rack, an adjusting screw rod and a threaded sleeve rod. Incomplete gear fixed mounting is in the position department of being connected with the base plate on the mounting panel, and the sliding tray has been seted up to the position that every incomplete gear is corresponded to base plate both sides face, and be parallel to each other between every sliding tray and sliding tray sliding fit have one with incomplete gear intermeshing's rack, the bottom of rack is rotated and is installed the adjusting screw who is parallel to each other with the sliding tray, rack top fixed mounting have with the top on the rack adjusting screw thread loop bar of mutually supporting. When the angles of the mounting plates are adjusted, all the mounting plates are adjusted from top to bottom once, and the uppermost mounting plate is rotated firstly, so that the strip-shaped pressing plate is parallel to the surface of the corresponding foundation pit; the mounting plate drives the incomplete gear to rotate when rotating, so that the rack is driven to slide in the sliding groove, the adjusting screw rod is rotated simultaneously, the length of the adjusting screw rod in the threaded sleeve rod is adjusted, and the angle of the mounting plate below is adjusted in a sequential manner after the adjustment.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the mounting block comprises a through hole, a mounting groove, a locking block, a screw hole, a mounting cavity, an adjusting rod and a locking plate. The through-hole runs through the installation piece and with strut stock sliding fit, the mounting groove has been seted up to the top surface of installation piece, and the bottom of mounting groove is down trapezoidally. The locking block is mutually matched with the shape of the mounting groove, and the locking block is mutually matched with screw holes formed in two sides of the mounting groove through bolts and is fixed in the mounting groove. The installation cavity of intercommunication through-hole and mounting groove is seted up to the installation piece inside, rotates through the round pin axle in the installation cavity and installs the regulation pole of L style of calligraphy. One end of the adjusting rod is positioned in the mounting groove, and the other end of the adjusting rod is rotatably provided with a locking plate matched with the surface of the anchor rod. And after the support anchor rod is inserted into the through hole, the locking block is clamped into the mounting groove and is fixed through the bolt. The locking piece bottom is contradicted and is promoted the regulation pole after adjusting the tip that the pole is located the mounting groove and rotate, adjusts the pole other end and drives the lockplate conflict on the lateral wall of strutting the stock to play the fixed action to strutting the stock.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the surface of the locking plate matched with the supporting anchor rod is fixedly attached with a layer of rubber sheet, and the rubber sheet is provided with anti-skid grains so as to improve the friction force between the locking plate and the supporting anchor rod, increase the stability of fixation and avoid the rotation or axial deviation of the supporting anchor rod.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the top and the bottom of the side wall of the through hole are respectively and fixedly provided with a limiting strip which is mutually matched with the surface of the support anchor rod in a sliding manner along the axial direction, so that the rotation of the support anchor rod is further limited.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, a torsion spring is disposed at a hinged position of the end portions of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. When the angle between head rod and the second connecting rod changes, torsion spring plays the elastic force effect to head rod and second connecting rod, head rod and second connecting rod transmit this power for base plate and installation piece respectively to increase the pressure between base plate and the bar clamp plate and install the piece and strut the axial pressure between the stock, and then improve the holding power of bar clamp plate to the foundation ditch surface and strut the pressure of stock in soil, improved the steadiness.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, a length adjusting mechanism used for adjusting the extending length of the sliding plate is arranged in the mounting plate, a through groove parallel to the side edge of the base plate is formed in the base plate, and the length adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting screw rod, a limiting rod and an adjusting knob. And the adjusting screw rod penetrates through the through groove and vertically penetrates through the back plate of the mounting plate to extend into the sliding plate, and the adjusting screw rod is in running fit with the back plate of the mounting plate and the sliding plate. A limiting rod parallel to the adjusting screw rod is fixedly installed on the back plate of the installing plate, and an adjusting knob is fixedly installed at the end part of the adjusting screw rod. The adjusting knob drives the adjusting screw rod to rotate, so that the sliding plate is driven to slide along the direction of the limiting rod, and the extension length of the sliding plate is changed.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the two sides in the mounting plate are provided with the guide grooves, and the two sides of the sliding plate are fixedly provided with the strip-shaped limiting blocks matched with the guide grooves, so that the stability of the sliding plate in sliding in the mounting plate is improved.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the top and the bottom of the strip-shaped pressing plate are fixedly provided with the sawtooth-shaped baffle plates parallel to the strip-shaped pressing plate, and in two adjacent strip-shaped pressing plates, the baffle plate at the bottom of the upper strip-shaped pressing plate and the baffle plate at the top of the lower strip-shaped pressing plate are arranged in a staggered mode. The gap between two adjacent strip-shaped pressing plates is filled up by the zigzag baffle plates, so that each part on the side wall of the foundation pit can be supported, and the zigzag baffle plates arranged in a staggered mode cannot interfere with the strip-shaped pressing plates when the strip-shaped pressing plates rotate.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) when the foundation pit supporting template for building foundation construction provided by the invention is used for supporting the surface of the arc-shaped foundation pit, the angle of the strip-shaped pressing plate can be adjusted according to different radians of the surface of the foundation pit through the angle adjusting mechanism, so that the strip-shaped pressing plate can be attached to the surface of the foundation pit, the surface of the side wall of the arc-shaped foundation pit is sufficiently supported, the angle adjusting mechanism can fix the rotating angle of the strip-shaped pressing plate, and the condition that the angle is deviated after the strip-shaped pressing plate is adjusted in place once is ensured.
(2) The foundation pit supporting template for building foundation construction and the anchor rod are directly inserted and connected and fixed through the locking block, so that the foundation pit supporting template is convenient to mount and dismount, is not easy to loosen in the using process, and improves the stability of the supporting template.
(3) When the foundation pit supporting template for building foundation construction provided by the invention is used for supporting a sand layer or a mucky soil layer, even if the supporting anchor rods are easily pressed into the soil to be settled, the supporting anchor rods only drive the mounting blocks to rotate, and the height and the angle of the supporting template cannot be changed, so that the supporting effect of the supporting template on the surface of the side wall of the foundation pit is ensured.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first three-dimensional structure of a foundation pit supporting template for building foundation construction according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second three-dimensional structure of a foundation pit supporting template for building foundation construction in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a foundation pit supporting template A for building foundation construction according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a site of a foundation pit supporting template B for building foundation construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the mounting plate of the foundation pit supporting template for building foundation construction in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the mounting block of the foundation pit supporting template for building foundation construction in the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-base plate, 2-mounting plate, 3-sliding plate, 4-strip-shaped pressing plate, 5-angle adjusting mechanism, 51-incomplete gear, 52-sliding groove, 53-rack, 54-adjusting screw, 55-threaded sleeve rod, 6-mounting block, 61-through hole, 62-mounting groove, 63-locking block, 64-threaded hole, 65-mounting cavity, 66-adjusting rod, 67-locking plate, 68-rubber sheet, 69-limiting strip, 7-first connecting rod, 8-second connecting rod, 9-length adjusting mechanism, 91-adjusting screw rod, 92-limiting rod, 93-adjusting knob, 10-through groove, 11-guide groove, 12-strip-shaped limiting block and 13-baffle.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the embodiment provides a foundation pit supporting template for building foundation construction, which includes a rectangular base plate 1, wherein two sides of the base plate 1 are rotatably connected with a plurality of strip-shaped mounting plates 2 parallel to each other in the length direction through pin shafts, and the length of the mounting plates 2 is the same as the width of the base plate 1. The mounting plate 2 is internally and slidably matched with a sliding plate 3 parallel to the mounting plate, and a strip-shaped pressing plate 4 is fixedly mounted on the outer end face of the sliding plate 3 perpendicular to the sliding plate 3. An angle adjusting mechanism 5 is arranged at the joint of the mounting plate 2 and the substrate 1. The top and the bottom of the base plate 1 are respectively provided with a plurality of mounting blocks 6 for fixing and supporting anchor rods in a rotating way through pin shafts. The back of the base plate 1 corresponds to the position of the mounting block 6 and is rotatably connected with one end of a first connecting rod 7 through a pin shaft, the mounting block 6 is rotatably connected with one end of a second connecting rod 8 through a pin shaft, and the end parts of the first connecting rod 7 and the second connecting rod 8 are hinged together.
The angle adjusting mechanism 5 includes an incomplete gear 51, a sliding groove 52, a rack 53, an adjusting screw 54, and a threaded rod 55. The incomplete gear 51 is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 2 at a position connected with the substrate 1, sliding grooves 52 are formed in the two side surfaces of the substrate 1 corresponding to the positions of the incomplete gear 51, the sliding grooves 52 are parallel to each other, a rack 53 meshed with the incomplete gear 51 is matched in the sliding grooves 52 in a sliding mode, adjusting screws 54 parallel to the sliding grooves 52 are rotatably arranged at the bottom ends of the racks 53, and threaded sleeve rods 55 matched with the adjusting screws 54 on the racks 53 above are fixedly arranged at the top ends of the racks 53. When the angles of the mounting plates 2 are adjusted, the mounting plates 2 are adjusted from top to bottom once, and the uppermost mounting plate 2 is rotated firstly, so that the strip-shaped pressing plate 4 is parallel to the surface of the corresponding foundation pit; when the mounting plate 2 rotates, the incomplete gear 51 is driven to rotate, so that the rack 53 is driven to slide in the sliding groove 52, the adjusting screw 54 is simultaneously rotated, the length of the adjusting screw 54 in the threaded sleeve rod 55 is adjusted, and the angle of the mounting plate 2 below is adjusted in a sequential manner after the adjustment.
In the present embodiment, the mounting block 6 includes a through hole 61, a mounting groove 62, a locking block 63, a screw hole 64, a mounting cavity 65, an adjustment rod 66, and a locking plate 67. Through-hole 61 runs through installation piece 6 and with strut stock sliding fit, installation groove 62 has been seted up to the top surface of installation piece 6, and the bottom of installation groove 62 is down trapezoidal. The locking block 63 and the mounting groove 62 are matched in shape, and the locking block 63 is fixed in the mounting groove 62 by being matched with screw holes 64 formed in two sides of the mounting groove 62 through bolts. The installation cavity 65 that intercommunication through-hole 61 and mounting groove 62 were seted up to installation piece 6 inside, installs the regulation pole 66 of L style of calligraphy through the round pin axle rotation in the installation cavity 65. One end of the adjusting rod 66 is positioned in the mounting groove 62, and the other end is rotatably provided with a locking plate 67 which is matched with the surface of the anchor rod. After the support anchor is inserted into the through hole 61, the locking block 63 is engaged into the mounting groove 62 and fixed by a bolt. The bottom of the locking block 63 abuts against the end part of the adjusting rod 66 located in the mounting groove 62 and then pushes the adjusting rod 66 to rotate, and the other end of the adjusting rod 66 drives the locking plate 67 to abut against the side wall of the support anchor rod, so that the support anchor rod is fixed.
In this embodiment, the fixed surface that lockplate 67 and support the stock mutually support is laminated with one deck rubber piece 68, is equipped with anti-skidding line on the rubber piece 68 for improve the frictional force between lockplate 67 and the support stock, increase fixed stability, avoid supporting the stock and take place to rotate or axial deviation.
In this embodiment, the top and the bottom of the sidewall of the through hole 61 are respectively and fixedly provided with a limit strip 69 in sliding fit with the surface of the support anchor rod along the axial direction thereof, so as to further limit the rotation of the support anchor rod.
In the present embodiment, a torsion spring is provided at the hinged position of the ends of the first connecting rod 7 and the second connecting rod 8. When the angle between head rod 7 and the second connecting rod 8 changes, torsion spring plays the elastic force effect to head rod 7 and second connecting rod 8, head rod 7 and second connecting rod 8 transmit this power for base plate 1 and installation piece 6 respectively, thereby increase pressure between base plate 1 and the bar clamp plate 4 and installation piece 6 and strut the axial pressure between the stock, and then improve the holding power of bar clamp plate 4 to the foundation ditch surface and strut the pressure of stock in soil, the steadiness has been improved.
In this embodiment, a length adjustment mechanism 9 for adjusting the extending length of the sliding plate 3 is disposed in the mounting plate 2, a through slot 10 parallel to the side edge of the base plate 1 is formed in the base plate 1, and the length adjustment mechanism 9 includes an adjusting screw 91, a limiting rod 92 and an adjusting knob 93. The adjusting screw 91 penetrates through the through groove 10 and vertically penetrates through the back plate of the mounting plate 2 to extend into the sliding plate 3, and the adjusting screw 91 is in running fit with the back plate of the mounting plate 2 and the sliding plate 3. A limiting rod 92 parallel to the adjusting screw 91 is fixedly mounted on the back plate of the mounting plate 2, and an adjusting knob 93 is fixedly mounted at the end of the adjusting screw 91. The adjusting knob 93 drives the adjusting screw 91 to rotate, so as to drive the sliding plate 3 to slide along the direction of the limiting rod 92, and further realize the change of the extending length of the sliding plate 3.
In this embodiment, guide grooves 11 have been seted up to the inside both sides of mounting panel 2, and the both sides fixed mounting of sliding plate 3 has the bar stopper 12 of mutually supporting with guide grooves 11 to improve the stability of sliding plate 3 when mounting panel 2 inside slides.
In this embodiment, the top and the bottom of the strip-shaped pressing plate 4 are fixedly provided with the serrated baffle 13 parallel to the strip-shaped pressing plate, and in two adjacent strip-shaped pressing plates 4, the baffle 13 at the bottom of the upper strip-shaped pressing plate 4 and the baffle 13 at the top of the lower strip-shaped pressing plate 4 are arranged in a staggered manner. The zigzag baffle 13 fills the gap between two adjacent strip-shaped pressing plates 4, so that each part on the side wall of the foundation pit can be supported, and the zigzag baffles 13 arranged in a staggered mode cannot interfere with each other when the strip-shaped pressing plates 4 rotate.
When the building foundation construction foundation pit supporting template of this embodiment is installed, adjust the angle of each mounting panel 2 through angle adjustment mechanism 5 to adjust the length that sliding plate 3 stretches out mounting panel 2 simultaneously, make bar clamp plate 4 can laminate on arc foundation pit surface. Thereby the angle of adjusting installation piece 6 through the turned angle who adjusts first connecting rod 7 and second connecting rod 8 makes the axial perpendicular to the corresponding part of foundation ditch lateral wall of through-hole 61, then will strut during the stock runs through the soil horizon of through-hole 61 back vertical insertion foundation ditch lateral wall, again with locking piece 63 card go into in the mounting groove 62 to it can to fix through the bolt.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.