CN111253993B

CN111253993B - Nb2C/Nb2O5Water lubricating additive, preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111253993B
Application number: CN202010173227.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵文杰; 成浩; 陈俊丰; 吴杨敏; 王立平
Original assignee: Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering of CAS
Current assignee: Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering of CAS
Priority date: 2020-03-13
Filing date: 2020-03-13
Publication date: 2021-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-13
Also published as: CN111253993A

Abstract

The invention discloses a Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅A water lubricating additive, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: to Nb with organic bases₂Intercalation and stripping are carried out on the C material to obtain thinned Nb₂Material C, wherein the organic base comprises tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, and the like; making the thinned Nb₂The C material is uniformly mixed with water and stirred to form Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅Composite material, obtaining Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅A water lubricity additive. The MXene composite material Nb prepared by using organic alkali regulation and control₂C/Nb₂O₅The water-based lubricant additive obtained by the method of the water-based lubricant additive has good lubricating effect and wear resistance, can obviously improve the antifriction and wear resistance of a water-based lubricating medium, and can be widely applied to the fields of high water-based lubricating fluid, cutting fluid, cold rolling fluid, flame-retardant hydraulic fluid and the like.

Description

Nb2C/Nb2O5Water lubricating additive, preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a water lubricating additive, in particular to an MXene composite material Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅Water lubricating additive and MXene composite material Nb regulated and prepared by using organic base₂C/Nb₂O₅A method and application of a water lubricating additive belong to the technical field of water lubricating additives.

Background

In the mechanical and energy industries, the friction reducing and wear resisting properties are always the mechanical characteristics sought by people. On a global level, about 20% of the world's total energy is consumed during friction, and about 80% of mechanical parts are damaged by friction and wear. Therefore, in order to reduce the energy loss and economic loss caused by friction, the most direct and effective method is to add lubricant between the friction pairs to avoid direct contact between the friction pairs, thereby reducing the abrasion between the mating members. Water-based lubricants are widely used in the fields of mechanical lubrication, cutting fluids and hydraulic fluids, etc. because of their excellent cooling and flame retardant properties, as well as their higher safety and lower pollution compared to oil-based lubricants. However, water-based lubricants are often not considered in practical applications due to insufficient lubricating properties. Therefore, the preparation of highly effective water-based lubricant additives is of great importance.

Nb₂The C as one of MXene materials has the advantages of large specific surface area, good conductivity, high hydrophilicity, large elastic modulus, high carrier mobility and the like. By virtue of naturally owned hydrophilicity and organ-like structure like graphene, only Nb is added₂The C material is intercalated and stripped to form a nano or sub-nano level few-layer or even single-layer MXene material, so that the material has the excellent performance of a two-dimensional lamellar material, and the wear resistance of the material serving as a water-based lubricating additive are further improved on the basis, and the structure of the material is regulated, controlled and stableDispersion is a major problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide an MXene composite material Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅A water-based lubricant additive and a preparation method thereof are provided to overcome the defects of the existing water-based lubricant.

The invention also aims to provide the MXene composite material Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅Use of a water-based lubricity additive.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:

the embodiment of the invention provides an MXene composite material Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅A method of making a water lubricity additive comprising:

to Nb with organic bases₂Intercalation and stripping are carried out on the C material to obtain thinned Nb₂Material C, wherein the organic base comprises any one or a combination of more than two of tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, tetrapropyl ammonium hydroxide and tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide;

making the thinned Nb₂The C material is uniformly mixed with water and stirred to form Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅Composite material, obtaining Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅A water lubricity additive.

Further, the thinned Nb₂The number of layers of the C material is small or single.

The embodiment of the invention also provides Nb prepared by the method₂C/Nb₂O₅A water lubricity additive.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a water-based lubricant comprising the aforementioned Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅A water lubricity additive and water.

Further, Nb in the water-based lubricant₂C/Nb₂O₅The mass volume ratio of the water lubricating additive to the water is 0.25-1.0 mg/1 ml.

Further, the water-based lubricant further comprises a surfactant.

The embodiment of the invention also provides the Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅The use of water-based lubricating additives or water-based lubricants in the field of the preparation of highly water-based lubricating fluids, hydraulic fluids, cutting fluids or cold rolling fluids and the like.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the MXene composite material Nb prepared by using organic alkali regulation and control₂C/Nb₂O₅The water-based lubricant additive obtained by the method has good lubricating effect and wear resistance; adding MXene composite material Nb of the invention into water₂C/Nb₂O₅The water lubricity additive significantly reduced the coefficient of friction of pure water by about 90% and reduced the wear rate by about 57%, in addition to which the Nb is₂C/Nb₂O₅The water lubricating additive also has better stability and safety performance, reduces energy consumption and environmental pollution, and can be widely applied to the high water-based lubricant fields such as high water-based lubricating fluid, cutting fluid, cold rolling fluid, flame-retardant hydraulic fluid and the like.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the present invention with Nb additions₂C/Nb₂O₅And (3) a friction coefficient graph of the aqueous solution after the composite material is compared with deionized water at different concentrations.

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the present invention with Nb added₂C/Nb₂O₅Wear rate graph comparing water solution after composite material with deionized water under different concentration.

Detailed Description

In view of the lubricating performance of the water lubricant in the prior artThe technical problems of poor adhesion and the like are solved, and the inventor of the invention provides a technical scheme of the invention through long-term research and massive practice, and the technical scheme is mainly realized through the following steps: reacting Nb with organic alkali₂C, intercalation and stripping are carried out, so that the stripping and thinning effects are achieved; II, pair of thinned Nb₂C is subjected to structure regulation to obtain Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅The composite structural material of (1); thirdly, preparing Nb which can be stably dispersed in deionized water₂C/Nb₂O₅A composite additive. The technical solution, its implementation and principles, etc. will be further explained as follows.

An aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅A method of making a water lubricity additive comprising:

to Nb with organic bases₂Intercalation and stripping are carried out on the C material to obtain thinned Nb₂Material C, wherein the organic base comprises any one or a combination of more than two of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOOH), tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH), tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH), tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH) and the like;

In some embodiments, the preparation method specifically comprises: mixing Nb with₂Mixing the C material with water to form Nb₂C aqueous solution, then adding to said Nb₂Adding the organic alkaline aqueous solution into the aqueous solution C, magnetically stirring, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to be neutral to obtain thinned Nb₂And C, material.

Further, the thinned Nb₂The material C has a graphene-like two-dimensional lamellar structure.

Further, the Nb₂The mass-volume ratio of the material C to the water is 150-200 mg: 100ml. That is, the Nb₂The preparation method of the aqueous solution C comprises the following steps: adding 150-200mg Nb per 100ml deionized water₂And C, powder.

Further, the Nb₂The volume ratio of the aqueous solution C to the aqueous solution of the organic base is 100: 8-12, wherein the content of the organic alkali in the organic alkali aqueous solution is 50-70 wt%. That is, Nb per 100ml₂And 8-12 ml of organic alkali aqueous solution with the equivalent weight of 50-70 wt% is added into the C aqueous solution.

In some embodiments, the magnetic stirring is performed at a rotation speed of 200-350 rpm, the external temperature condition is room temperature, and the magnetic stirring is performed in air for 25-35 hours.

In some embodiments, a single or few layer Nb is prepared after exfoliation₂Before C powder, the pH of the original solution system is close to that of pure water by an acid neutralization or dialysis method.

Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: the pH value of the mixed solution is adjusted to be neutral by at least one of the methods of neutralization by adding acid and dialysis.

In some embodiments, the thinned Nb₂The mass-volume ratio of the material C to the water is 80-100 mg: 100 ml. I.e. single or few layers of Nb₂The preparation ratio of the powder C to the deionized water is as follows: adding 80-100 mgNb into each 100ml deionized water₂And C, powder.

In some embodiments, the method of making comprises: subjecting the thinned Nb₂Uniformly mixing the material C with water, and magnetically stirring at room temperature for 20-24 hours at the rotating speed of 300-500 revolutions per minute to form the Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅A composite material.

Wherein, as one of the more preferable embodiments of the invention, the MXene composite material Nb is regulated and prepared by using the organic base₂C/Nb₂O₅The method of water lubricity additive may include the steps of:

first of all with an organic base, Nb₂Preparing the C original powder and deionized water into a solution, and carrying out intercalation and stripping by magnetic stirring to form few-layer or single-layer graphene-like two-dimensional sheetsA layer structure, then the pH value of the Nb-Nb composite material is adjusted, the Nb-Nb composite material is prepared into powder, the powder is reconfigured into aqueous solution, the aqueous solution is exposed in the air under the condition of room temperature and is stirred for about 20 to 24 hours by magnetic force, and Nb is obtained₂C/Nb₂O₅The composite structural material of (1).

Further, a method for utilizing MXene material Nb₂C structure regulation and preparation of Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅The method for compounding the water lubricating additive comprises the following steps:

combining Nb₂Preparing the powder C into an aqueous solution, adding an organic base into the aqueous solution, and magnetically stirring the aqueous solution to reduce the number of layers by at least one layer or a single layer;

② preparing thinned Nb₂C powder is prepared into water solution with deionized water, and the original Nb is obtained after magnetic stirring for a certain time₂C and its oxide Nb₂O₅A co-existing composite aqueous system;

and thirdly, adding a trace amount of surfactant into the solution to ensure that the solution can be stably dispersed in an aqueous medium for a long time to obtain the composite material water lubricating additive.

Another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention also provides Nb prepared by the foregoing method₂C/Nb₂O₅A water lubricity additive.

In another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a water-based lubricant comprising the aforementioned Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅A water lubricity additive and water.

Further, the water includes deionized water.

Further, Nb in the water-based lubricant₂C/Nb₂O₅The mass volume ratio of the water lubricating additive to the water is 0.25-1.0 mg/1ml, namely, the Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅The water-based lubricant prepared from the water lubricating additive comprises 0.25-1.0 mg of Nb in each 1ml of water₂C/Nb₂O₅A water lubricity additive.

Further, the water-based lubricant also comprises a surfactant, and a trace amount of green neutral surfactant is addedAgents (e.g., alpha-olefin sulfonate (AOS), benzalkonium chloride, etc.) to obtain a composition comprising Nb stably dispersed in deionized water₂C/Nb₂O₅Water-based lubricants of water-based lubricant additives.

Furthermore, the volume content of the surfactant in the water-based lubricant is 1-2 vol%, and the content of the surfactant in the neutral surfactant solution is 60-80 wt%. That is, the added surfactant is required to be: per 100ml of aqueous dispersion (i.e., Nb)₂C/Nb₂O₅Water lubricating additive) is added with 1-2 ml of 60-80 wt% of surfactant.

In another aspect, the present invention further provides the Nb as described above₂C/Nb₂O₅The water-based lubricating additive or the water-based lubricant is used for preparing high water-based lubricants such as high water-based lubricating liquid, hydraulic liquid, cutting liquid, cold rolling liquid and the like, and plays roles in reducing friction coefficient, resisting wear and reducing energy consumption.

The mechanism of the present invention may be: the invention relates to Nb with few layers or single-layer graphene-like structure₂Preparing C material powder, preparing into water solution, and performing post-treatment to obtain Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅The composite material of (1). Lamellar Nb during rubbing₂C, interlayer slippage can be carried out, the friction coefficient is reduced, and the lubricity is improved; oxide Nb₂O₅By virtue of the advantages of the nano particles, the plow furrows and grinding marks generated in the friction process are filled to play a role in resisting wear, and the synergistic effect of the plow furrows and the grinding marks can greatly improve the lubricating property of the whole system. On the basis, a trace amount of surfactant is added, so that the system can stably exist for more than one week, the stability of the system in service is ensured, the safety of the product is not damaged, and the system can be used as a substitute of an oil-based lubricant.

In conclusion, the MXene composite material Nb prepared by regulating and controlling the organic base is provided by the invention₂C/Nb₂O₅The water-based lubricant additive obtained by the method has good lubricating effect and wear resistance; addition of MXene Complex of the invention to WaterComposite material Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅The water lubricity additive significantly reduced the coefficient of friction of pure water by about 90% and reduced the wear rate by about 57%, in addition to which the Nb is₂C/Nb₂O₅The water lubricating additive also has better stability and safety performance, reduces energy consumption and environmental pollution, and can be widely applied to the high water-based lubricant fields such as high water-based lubricating fluid, cutting fluid, cold rolling fluid, flame-retardant hydraulic fluid and the like.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to several preferred embodiments, drawings, and comparative examples, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. It is to be noted that the following examples are intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, and do not set forth any limitation thereto. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. The test methods in the following examples, which are not specified under specific conditions, are generally carried out under conventional conditions.

Example 1

Adding 8ml of organic base tetramethylammonium hydroxide with the equivalent weight of 50 wt%, Nb₂Preparing 150mg of C powder and 100ml of deionized water into a solution, exposing the solution to the air at room temperature, magnetically stirring the solution for 25 hours at 200 revolutions per minute, then enabling the pH of the system to reach pure water by an acid neutralization method, preparing the powder by adopting a freeze drying method, preparing the prepared powder into a solution with 80mg/100ml of deionized water, magnetically stirring the solution for 20 hours at 300 revolutions per minute to obtain Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅Composite material (i.e., the aforementioned Nb)₂C/Nb₂O₅Water lubricant additive) added to a water-based lubricating fluid to allow Nb to be incorporated into the fluid₂C/Nb₂O₅The ratio to water was 0.25mg/ml and 1ml of 60 wt% alpha-olefin sulfonate was added to give a stably dispersed water-based lubricant.

Example 2

9ml of organic alkali tetraethylammonium hydroxide having an equivalent of 52% by weight, Nb₂Preparing 165mg of C powder and 100ml of deionized water into a solution, and reacting at room temperature,exposing the mixture to air, magnetically stirring the mixture for 29 hours at 250 revolutions per minute, then enabling the pH of the system to reach pure water by an acid neutralization method, preparing powder by a freeze drying method, preparing the prepared powder into a solution with deionized water according to the proportion of 90mg/100ml, and magnetically stirring the solution for 20 hours at 350 revolutions per minute to obtain Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅Composite material (i.e., the aforementioned Nb)₂C/Nb₂O₅Water lubricant additive) added to a water-based lubricating fluid to allow Nb to be incorporated into the fluid₂C/Nb₂O₅The ratio to water was 0.30mg/ml and 1.5ml of 65 wt% alpha-olefin sulfonate was added to give a stably dispersed water-based lubricant.

Example 3

10ml of organic base tetrapropylammonium hydroxide with an equivalent weight of 55 wt%, Nb₂Preparing 165mg of C powder and 100ml of deionized water into a solution, exposing the solution to the air at room temperature, magnetically stirring the solution for 30 hours at 300 revolutions per minute, then enabling the pH of the system to reach pure water by an acid neutralization method, preparing the powder by adopting a freeze drying method, preparing the prepared powder into a solution with the deionized water at a ratio of 95mg/100ml, magnetically stirring the solution for 21 hours at 400 revolutions per minute to obtain Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅Composite material (i.e., the aforementioned Nb)₂C/Nb₂O₅Water lubricant additive) added to a water-based lubricating fluid to allow Nb to be incorporated into the fluid₂C/Nb₂O₅The ratio to water was 0.5mg/ml and 1.6ml of benzalkonium chloride 70wt% was added to give a stably dispersed water-based lubricant.

Example 4

11ml of organic base tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, Nb, having an equivalent weight of 65 wt%₂Preparing 185mg of C powder and 100ml of deionized water into a solution, exposing the solution to the air at room temperature, magnetically stirring the solution at 315 revolutions per minute for 33 hours, then enabling the pH of the system to reach pure water by an acid neutralization method, preparing the powder by a centrifugal drying method, preparing the prepared powder into a solution with 100mg/100ml of deionized water, magnetically stirring the solution at 450 revolutions per minute for 21 hours to obtain Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅Composite material (i.e., the aforementioned Nb)₂C/Nb₂O₅Water lubricant additive) added to a water-based lubricating fluid to allow Nb to be incorporated into the fluid₂C/Nb₂O₅The ratio to water was 0.75mg/ml and 1.8ml of 75% by weight benzalkonium chloride was added to give a stably dispersed water-based lubricant.

Example 5

12ml of organic base tetrabutylammonium hydroxide with an equivalent weight of 70wt%, Nb₂Preparing 200mg of C powder and 100ml of deionized water into a solution, exposing the solution to the air at room temperature, magnetically stirring the solution at 350 revolutions per minute for 35 hours, then leading the pH of the system to reach the pure water by a dialysis method, preparing the powder by a freeze drying method, preparing the prepared powder into a solution with 95mg/100ml of deionized water, magnetically stirring the solution at 500 revolutions per minute for 24 hours to obtain the Nb powder₂C/Nb₂O₅Composite material (i.e., the aforementioned Nb)₂C/Nb₂O₅Water lubricant additive) added to a water-based lubricating fluid to allow Nb to be incorporated into the fluid₂C/Nb₂O₅The ratio to water was 1.0mg/ml and 2.0ml of 80wt% alpha-olefin sulfonate was added to give a stably dispersed water-based lubricant.

Comparative example 1

The present comparative example is different from example 1 in that: the Nb2C/Nb2O5 composite was added to the water-based lubricating fluid such that the ratio of Nb2C/Nb2O5 to water was 0.1 mg/ml.

To verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, the present inventors further added Nb to the product obtained by the above-described examples₂C/Nb₂O₅The water-based lubricant after the composite material is compared with pure water, and a tribology performance experiment is carried out, and the result is as follows: nb was added to examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1₂C/Nb₂O₅FIG. 1 is a graph of the friction coefficient of an aqueous solution after compounding compared to DI water at various concentrations, and FIG. 2 is a graph of wear rate, showing Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅The water lubricating additive has good lubricating effect and wear resistance as a water-based lubricant.

In summary, the MXene composite material Nb prepared by the technical scheme of the invention is regulated and controlled by using the organic base₂C/Nb₂O₅Method for producing water-based lubricant additives having good lubricating effectAnd wear resistance; adding MXene composite material Nb of the invention into water₂C/Nb₂O₅The water lubricity additive significantly reduced the coefficient of friction of pure water by about 90% and reduced the wear rate by about 57%, in addition to which the Nb is₂C/Nb₂O₅The water lubricating additive also has better stability and safety performance, reduces energy consumption and environmental pollution, and can be widely applied to the high water-based lubricant fields such as high water-based lubricating fluid, cutting fluid, cold rolling fluid, flame-retardant hydraulic fluid and the like.

The aspects, embodiments, features and examples of the present invention should be considered as illustrative in all respects and not intended to be limiting of the invention, the scope of which is defined only by the claims. Other embodiments, modifications, and uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed invention.

The use of headings and chapters in this disclosure is not meant to limit the disclosure; each section may apply to any aspect, embodiment, or feature of the disclosure.

Throughout this specification, where a composition is described as having, containing, or comprising specific components or where a process is described as having, containing, or comprising specific process steps, it is contemplated that the composition of the present teachings also consist essentially of, or consist of, the recited components, and the process of the present teachings also consist essentially of, or consist of, the recited process steps.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, use of the terms "comprising", "including", "having" or "having" is generally to be understood as open-ended and not limiting.

It should be understood that the order of steps or the order in which particular actions are performed is not critical, so long as the teachings of the invention remain operable. Further, two or more steps or actions may be performed simultaneously.

In addition, the inventors of the present invention conducted corresponding experiments using other raw materials and other process conditions listed above instead of the various raw materials and corresponding process conditions in examples 1 to 5, and the results were substantially the same as those of the previous examples.

While the invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various other changes, omissions and/or additions may be made and substantial equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, unless specifically stated any use of the terms first, second, etc. do not denote any order or importance, but rather the terms first, second, etc. are used to distinguish one element from another.

Claims

1. Nb-shaped alloy₂C/Nb₂O₅A method for preparing a water lubricity additive, comprising:

2. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: mixing Nb with₂Mixing the C material with water to form Nb₂C aqueous solution, then adding to said Nb₂Adding organic alkaline aqueous solution into the aqueous solution C, magnetically stirring, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to be neutral to obtain thinned Nb₂And C, material.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein: thinned Nb₂The number of layers of the C material is small or single.

4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: thinned Nb₂The material C has a graphene-like two-dimensional lamellar structure.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein: the Nb₂The mass-volume ratio of the material C to the water is 150-200 mg: 100 ml.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein: the Nb₂The volume ratio of the aqueous solution C to the aqueous solution of the organic base is 100: 8 to 12.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein: the content of the organic alkali in the organic alkali aqueous solution is 50-70 wt%.

8. The method of claim 2, wherein: the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 200-350 r/min, the temperature is room temperature, and the stirring time is 25-35 h.

9. The method of manufacturing according to claim 2, comprising: the pH value of the mixed solution is adjusted to be neutral by at least one of the methods of neutralization by adding acid and dialysis.

10. The method of manufacturing according to claim 2, comprising: subjecting the thinned Nb₂Uniformly mixing the material C with water, and magnetically stirring at room temperature for 20-24 hours at the stirring speed of 300-500 revolutions per minute to form the Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅Composite material, said thinned Nb₂The mass-volume ratio of the material C to the water is 80-100 mg: 100 ml.

11. Nb prepared by the process of any of claims 1-10₂C/Nb₂O₅A water lubricity additive.

12. A water-based lubricant characterized by comprising the Nb of claim 11₂C/Nb₂O₅Water-based lubricant containing Nb₂C/Nb₂O₅The mass volume ratio of the water lubricating additive to the water is 0.25-1.0 mg/1 ml.

13. The water-based lubricant according to claim 12, characterized by further comprising a surfactant which is an alpha-olefin sulfonate and/or benzalkonium chloride.

14. The water-based lubricant as recited in claim 13, characterized in that: the content of the surfactant solution in the water-based lubricant is 1-2 vol%, and the content of the surfactant in the surfactant solution is 60-80 wt%.

15. The Nb as set forth in claim 11₂C/Nb₂O₅Use of a water-based lubrication additive or the water-based lubricant according to any one of claims 12-14 for the preparation of a highly water-based hydraulic fluid, cutting fluid or cold rolling fluid.