CN111252237A - Folding and unfolding device and propeller - Google Patents
Folding and unfolding device and propeller Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111252237A CN111252237A CN201811467017.2A CN201811467017A CN111252237A CN 111252237 A CN111252237 A CN 111252237A CN 201811467017 A CN201811467017 A CN 201811467017A CN 111252237 A CN111252237 A CN 111252237A
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- Prior art keywords
- folding
- propeller
- unfolding
- blade
- shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C11/00—Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
Abstract
The invention provides a folding and unfolding device and a propeller, wherein the propeller comprises: the main components comprise a fairing, a hub, at least two blades, at least two blade folding connecting parts, at least two folding and unfolding devices and the like; each blade and the connecting fork of the folding connecting part can rotate under the comprehensive driving of the torque of the torsion spring and the centrifugal force of the rotation of the blade, the folding of the blade is realized when the propeller is static, and the blade is unfolded when the propeller reaches a certain rotating speed; and the paddle and the folding connecting part are also provided with a self-locking mechanism which comprises a tension spring and a sliding pin, and when the propeller reaches a certain rotating speed, the centrifugal force of the sliding pin overcomes the tension of the tension spring and slides into a pin hole II of the connecting fork, so that the unfolding state of the propeller is locked. By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the problems that the folding and unfolding of various foldable propellers are not controlled, the folding and unfolding are controlled by the outside, and the reliability cannot be ensured in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aviation power, in particular to a folding and unfolding device and a propeller with the same.
Background
The propeller generates driving force by rotating to expel air around the blades, thereby meeting the power requirements of the aircraft. Most of the propellers of various conventional aircrafts are not foldable, and the propellers are disassembled for convenient transportation when the propellers are equipped, and the propellers are installed before flight; and the propellers of the aircraft in the normal stalling or autorotation or windmill state in the gliding state can generate additional resistance, and the overall aerodynamic performance of the aircraft is reduced. At present, various foldable propellers are folded by rotating shafts, the folding and the unfolding are not controlled, the folding and the unfolding are controlled by external control, and the reliability cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a folding and unfolding device and a propeller, wherein the folding and unfolding device is controllable in folding and unfolding and high in safety and reliability.
According to one aspect of the invention, the folding and unfolding device comprises a connecting fork, a folding shaft and a torsion spring, wherein a second through hole is formed in each arm of the connecting fork, a second spring hole is formed in each through hole, the torsion spring is installed in each through hole, the paddle shaft is installed between the two arms of the connecting fork, the folding shaft penetrates through the torsion spring to connect the paddle shaft with the connecting fork, one end of the torsion spring is fixed in each spring hole, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed on the paddle shaft.
The connecting fork is fixedly arranged in the hub through the mounting cylindrical surface on the connecting fork.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a propeller comprising: the blade comprises a fairing, a hub, at least two blades and at least two folding and unfolding devices; the blade comprises blade blades and a blade shaft, the folding and unfolding device comprises a connecting fork, a folding shaft and a torsion spring, the fairing is arranged above the hub, the connecting fork is uniformly arranged on the side surface of the hub in the circumferential direction, and the blade shaft is connected with the connecting fork through the folding shaft, so that relative rotation can be realized.
The torsion spring enables the paddle to be folded under the action of the installation torque, and the centrifugal force of the rotation of the paddle drives the paddle to rotate when the speed of the paddle reaches the designed rotating speedFolding and unfolding deviceRotating to realize the unfolding of the paddle;
the propeller locking device comprises a connecting fork, a tension spring, a sliding pin and a blade shaft, wherein the connecting fork is provided with a pin hole I, the tension spring and the sliding pin are arranged in the pin hole II, the blade shaft is provided with a pin hole II, one end of the spring is fixed at the bottom of the pin hole II, the other end of the spring is fixed at one end of the sliding pin, the other end of the sliding pin is a free end, the sliding pin can slide in the pin hole I of the blade shaft and the connecting fork under the comprehensive constraint of the elasticity of the tension spring and the centrifugal force of the sliding pin when the propeller rotates, the centrifugal force of the sliding pin overcomes the tension spring when the propeller reaches a certain rotating speed to enable the sliding pin to slide out of the pin hole II of the connecting fork and slide into the pin hole I of the blade shaft, but the tail end of the sliding pin; when the aircraft needs to slide down with high aerodynamic efficiency, the rotating speed of the engine is reduced, the propeller is out of a self-locking state, the blades are folded and retracted at a lower rotating speed, and the additional aerodynamic resistance of the aircraft is reduced.
Furthermore, the paddle is composed of paddle blades and a paddle shaft, the paddle blades are fixedly connected with the paddle shaft, and the paddle shaft drives the paddle blades to fold and unfold together.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the beneficial effects are achieved as follows:
1. the folding and unfolding of the propeller under different states are realized by the comprehensive action of torque force of the torsion spring and centrifugal force of the paddle, and the unfolding and locking of the propeller under the working state are realized by the comprehensive action of the tension force of the tension spring and the centrifugal force of the sliding pin, so that the propeller is folded and unfolded as required, and the folding and unfolding of the propeller are in controllable states.
2. The invention uses the self-locking mechanism, the sliding pin is driven by the spring to slide in the pin hole, when the paddle is unfolded, the sliding pin slides into the pin hole I of the paddle shaft and is positioned between the pin hole II of the connecting fork and the pin hole I of the paddle shaft, the operation of the paddle in the unfolded state is stabilized, and the paddle cannot be folded because of touching an obstacle.
3. The invention realizes the folding and unfolding and self-locking operation of the propeller by utilizing the energy drive of the rotation of the spring and the propeller, and the mode has simple structure, easy operation and low cost.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of a folded state of a propeller provided in accordance with a particular embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view of a deployed state of a propeller provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a folding and unfolding arrangement of a propeller according to a specific embodiment of the present invention in a folded state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the folding and unfolding apparatus according to the present invention in the unfolded state of the propeller;
FIG. 5 illustrates a torsion spring mounting diagram of a folding and unfolding apparatus provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic view of a propeller blade provided in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic view of a clevis provided in accordance with a particular embodiment of the present invention;
wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a cowling; 20. a hub; 30. a paddle; 31. a blade; 32. a blade shaft; 33. a first through hole; 34. a first spring hole; 35. a first pin hole; 40. folding and unfolding the device; 41. a connecting fork; 42. a folding shaft; 43. a torsion spring; 44. a second through hole; 45. a second spring hole; 46. a spring slot; 47. a pin hole II; 48. mounting a cylindrical surface; 49. a screw; 50. a self-locking mechanism; 51. a tension spring; 52. and a sliding pin.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 5, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a folding and unfolding apparatus, comprising a connection fork 41, a folding shaft 42 and two torsion springs 43, as shown in fig. 7, two through holes 44 are respectively formed on two arms of the connection fork 41, two spring holes 45 are formed in the two through holes 44, the torsion springs 43 are installed in the two through holes 44, the paddle shaft 32 is installed between the two arms of the connection fork 41, the folding shaft 42 passes through the torsion springs 43 to connect the paddle shaft 32 and the connection fork 41, one end of the torsion springs 43 is fixed in the two spring holes 45, and the other end is fixed on the paddle shaft.
The mounting posts 48 of the attachment forks 41 are mounted within the mounting holes of the hub 20 to secure the folded deployment device 40 to the hub 20.
In one embodiment, the connection fork 41 and the folding shaft 42 are preferably fixed by screws 49, and the fixing method is not limited to screws, and any fixing method can be used.
In the transport state of the aircraft, the propellers are in the stowed state, the tension springs are in the relaxed state in the stowed state, the mounting torque of the torsion springs 43 provides the torque for folding the blades, and at this time, the two torsion springs have torque QS1For overcoming mainly the resistance torque Q generated by friction of rotating parts in a stationary state0In order to realize that the propeller blade 31 can be unfolded at a specific rotating speed state, the elastic coefficient of the torsion spring 43 and the installation torsion angle at the folded state are designed according to the rotating moment of the unfolded state of the blade 31 around the folding shaft 42, and the blade 31 is accelerated to the safe rotating speed omega according to the proper designed elastic coefficient and installation torsion angle0When in use, the paddle can be smoothly unfolded under the action of centrifugal moment.
The torsion spring 43 cannot be over-torqued to prevent the blade 30 from opening smoothly when the propeller is in a rotating state, i.e. the two torsion springs 43 are opened to theta2Is less than the safe rotation speed omega0The torque generated by the centrifugal force of the lower blades 30 when they are deployed.
The selection method of the elastic coefficient and the installation opening angle of the torsion spring comprises the following steps:
in the formula, kS1Is the elastic coefficient, theta, of the torsion spring 431The opening angle of the torsion spring 43 in the folded state is mpropThe centre of mass of the blade 31 is at a distance r from the plane of the hubprop。
According to the formulas (1) to (5), the safe rotation speed omega can be obtained0After the determination, the elastic coefficient and the installation angle of the torsion spring are determined.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, according to the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a propeller, which includes a fairing 10, a hub 20, at least two blades 30, at least two folding and unfolding apparatuses 40, and at least two self-locking mechanisms 50, wherein the blades 30 include blade blades 31 and a blade shaft 32, the blade shaft 32 has a second through hole 33, a first spring hole 34, and a first pin hole 35, and the propeller folding and unfolding apparatus 40 includes a connection fork 41, a folding shaft 42, and a torsion spring 43.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fairing 10 is a universal fairing and is installed above the hub 20, the hub 20 is uniformly provided with installation holes with the same number as the blades in the circumferential direction, the propeller folding and unfolding device 40 is installed in the installation holes of the hub 20 through the installation cylindrical surface 48 of the connecting fork 41, as shown in fig. 5, the through hole two 44 of the connecting fork 41 of the propeller folding and unfolding device 40 is connected with the through hole one 33 on the blade shaft 32 through the folding shaft 42, the folding shaft 42 is sleeved with two torsion springs 43, and two ends of the torsion springs 43 are respectively installed in the spring hole one 34 and the spring hole two 45; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the blade self-locking mechanism comprises a pin hole two 4 on the connection fork, a tension spring and a sliding pin 52 in the pin hole two 4, and a pin hole one on the blade shaft, wherein one end of the tension spring is fixed at the bottom of the pin hole two, the other end of the tension spring is fixed at one end of the sliding pin 52, the other end of the sliding pin 52 is a free end, and the sliding pin 52 can slide in the pin hole one 35 and the pin hole two 47 along the axial direction thereof.
With this assembly, the blades 30 and the propeller folding and unfolding device 40 can rotate around the folding shaft 42, which is the basis for folding and unfolding of the blades 30, and two torsion springs 43 are arranged in the propeller folding and unfolding device 40, and the installation torque of the torsion springs 43 acts between the blade shaft 32 and the connecting fork 41, so that the blades 30 can be kept in the folded state in the static state and when the blade rotation speed is less than the safe rotation speed.
The slide pin 52 can slide in its axial direction under the restraint of the elastic force of the tension spring 51 and the centrifugal force in the pin hole one 35 and the pin hole two 47. When the propeller is at rest, the sliding pin 52 is fully retracted into the first pin hole 35 under the restraint of the tension spring 51, and the blade blades 31 are in a folded state, so that the self-locking mechanism does not work.
In order to achieve that the propeller blade 31 can be unfolded and locked above a safe rotational speed, the spring constant of the tension spring 51 and the mass of the slide pin 52 are designed according to the safe rotational speed at which the centrifugal force of the slide pin 52 is balanced with the spring tension.
In the unfolded state, the tension spring 51 is stretched by the centrifugal force of the slide pin 52 to a safe rotation speed ω or less0The sliding pin 52 is positioned in the first pin hole 35 and is greater than the safe rotating speed omega0The sliding pin slides into the second pin hole 47. Spring coefficient k of tension spring 51S2And slide pin 52 mass mpinThe choice of (c) can be calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, mpinIs the mass of the slide pin 52, kS2Is a tension spring 51Coefficient of performance rpinThe distance l between the initial position of the slide pin 52 and the rotational axis of the engine1Is a safe length in the first pin hole 352The length of the second pin hole 47.
At a speed greater than the safe speed omega0When the blade 30 is fixed to the folding and unfolding mechanism 40 at the unfolding position through the sliding pin 52, the working stability of the blade 31 in the unfolding state is improved. When the aircraft is required to slip with high aerodynamic efficiency, the speed of rotation of blades 30 is reduced to a safe speed ω0When the propeller is in a self-locking state, the tension spring 51 pulls the sliding pin 52 to retract into the first pin hole 35, and the propeller is out of the self-locking state and is in a state of being lower than the safe rotating speed omega0The lower blade is folded and retracted, and the additional aerodynamic resistance of the aircraft brought by the blade 31 is reduced.
In summary, the propeller folding and unfolding device and the propeller with the same of the present invention can realize the synchronous folding and unfolding of the plurality of blade blades 31. The folding and unfolding of the propeller blades 30 in different states are realized by the combined action of the torque of the torsion spring 43 and the centrifugal torque of the blade blades 31, the unfolding state locking of the propeller in a working rotation state is realized by the combined action of the tension spring 51 and the centrifugal force of the sliding pin 52, and the unfolding working reliability is ensured, so that the folding and unfolding of the propeller according to the requirements are realized. Moreover, when the propeller is folded and unfolded, the propeller can be driven by the energy of the torsion spring 43 and the rotation of the propeller, and the propeller folding and unfolding device is simple in structure, easy to operate and low in cost, and meets various requirements of the propeller in rotating, sliding and static states.
The folding and unfolding device can realize the folding and unfolding of the propeller blades, has a simple structure and low cost, and can greatly improve the working performance of the propeller when being applied to the propeller, so that the propeller can adjust the folding and unfolding states of the blades according to the working condition of an airplane, the propeller can be folded and folded automatically to reduce the space in a transportation state, the propeller can be unfolded automatically to generate pulling force normally when rotating, the propeller can be self-locked when rotating to ensure that the propeller cannot be folded under the conditions of sudden impact and the like, and the propeller can be folded again when the airplane is in a gliding state to reduce the resistance of the airplane.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "a" and "an" are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms are not specifically defined unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the terms.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A folding and unfolding apparatus, comprising: the foldable blade shaft is connected with the connecting fork through the torsion spring, one end of the torsion spring is fixed in the second spring hole, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed on the blade shaft.
2. The folding and unfolding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the clevis is mounted within the hub by a mounting cylinder thereon.
3. The folding and unfolding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the elasticity coefficient of the torsion spring and the selection of the installation torsion angle are determined by the rotating moment of the unfolded blade around the folding shaft.
4. The folding and unfolding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the folding shaft is connected with the connecting fork through screws.
5. The propeller adopting the folding and unfolding device of any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising a fairing, a propeller hub, at least two blades and at least two propeller folding and unfolding devices; the propeller comprises a propeller blade and a propeller shaft, the propeller folding and unfolding device comprises a connecting fork, a folding shaft and a torsion spring, the fairing is arranged above the propeller hub, the connecting fork is uniformly arranged on the side surface of the propeller hub, and the propeller shaft is connected with the connecting fork through the folding shaft, so that relative rotation can be realized.
6. The propeller of claim 5, wherein: the torsion spring enables the paddle to be folded under the action of the installation torque, and the folding and unfolding device is driven to rotate when the speed of the paddle reaches the designed rotating speed, so that the paddle is unfolded.
7. The propeller of claim 5, wherein: the blade shaft connecting fork is characterized by further comprising at least two blade self-locking mechanisms, each blade self-locking mechanism comprises a second pin hole in the connecting fork, a spring and a sliding pin in the second pin hole, and a first pin hole in the blade shaft, one end of the spring is fixed to the bottom of the second pin hole, the other end of the spring is fixed to one end of the sliding pin, the other end of the sliding pin is a free end, and the sliding pin can slide in the first pin hole and the second pin hole along the axial direction of the sliding pin.
8. The propeller of claim 5, wherein: the sliding pin slides when the centrifugal force generated by the rotating speed of the paddle is larger than the elastic force of the spring, the farthest sliding position is the bottom of the first pin hole, and the tail end of the sliding pin does not depart from the second pin hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811467017.2A CN111252237A (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2018-12-03 | Folding and unfolding device and propeller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811467017.2A CN111252237A (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2018-12-03 | Folding and unfolding device and propeller |
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| CN111252237A true CN111252237A (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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| CN201811467017.2A Pending CN111252237A (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2018-12-03 | Folding and unfolding device and propeller |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111976976A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Aircraft rotor spout beta structure |
| CN112607003A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-06 | 常州市长昊机械有限公司 | Easily accomodate formula aviation blade |
| CN112985674A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-18 | 河北汉光重工有限责任公司 | Rolling torque measuring method of folding missile wing combination |
| CN112985675A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-18 | 河北汉光重工有限责任公司 | Folding missile wing torque measuring method |
| CN113879513A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-01-04 | 海鹰航空通用装备有限责任公司 | Automatic twist reverse folding oar and press from both sides and have its screw |
| CN114194380A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-18 | 北京机电工程研究所 | Method and device for starting propeller and engine in air |
| CN114313250A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-12 | 广东汇天航空航天科技有限公司 | Folding device, screw, rotor module and flight equipment |
| US11679864B2 (en) | 2021-06-18 | 2023-06-20 | Hyundai Motor Company | Propeller apparatus of air mobility |
| US11685513B2 (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2023-06-27 | Hyundai Motor Company | Propeller apparatus of air mobility |
| US11845533B2 (en) | 2021-06-17 | 2023-12-19 | Hyundai Motor Company | Propeller control system of air mobility |
| US11866150B2 (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2024-01-09 | Hyundai Motor Company | Propeller safety device |
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| US11685513B2 (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2023-06-27 | Hyundai Motor Company | Propeller apparatus of air mobility |
| US11845533B2 (en) | 2021-06-17 | 2023-12-19 | Hyundai Motor Company | Propeller control system of air mobility |
| US11679864B2 (en) | 2021-06-18 | 2023-06-20 | Hyundai Motor Company | Propeller apparatus of air mobility |
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| CN114194380A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-18 | 北京机电工程研究所 | Method and device for starting propeller and engine in air |
| CN114313250A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-12 | 广东汇天航空航天科技有限公司 | Folding device, screw, rotor module and flight equipment |
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Application publication date: 20200609 |