CN111251832B - Heat pump air conditioning system of electric automobile - Google Patents
Heat pump air conditioning system of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN111251832B CN111251832B CN202010171100.6A CN202010171100A CN111251832B CN 111251832 B CN111251832 B CN 111251832B CN 202010171100 A CN202010171100 A CN 202010171100A CN 111251832 B CN111251832 B CN 111251832B
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- way valve
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- heat pump
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00485—Valves for air-conditioning devices, e.g. thermostatic valves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3205—Control means therefor
- B60H1/3213—Control means therefor for increasing the efficiency in a vehicle heat pump
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
- B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric automobile heat pump air-conditioning system which comprises a battery cooling loop, a motor electric control cooling loop and a heat pump air-conditioning loop, wherein the heat pump air-conditioning loop comprises an external heat exchanger, an internal evaporator, a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, an electric heater and an internal condenser, wherein the electric heater and the internal condenser are connected with the water-cooled condenser; in the heating mode, the air conditioning medium is vaporized to absorb heat when flowing through the external heat exchanger, the air conditioning medium absorbing heat forms high-pressure gas after being compressed by the compressor, the high-pressure gas is liquefied and releases heat when flowing through the water-cooled condenser, the heat is transferred to the circulating water, the electric heater continuously heats the circulating water from the water-cooled condenser, and finally the heat of the circulating water is transferred to the passenger compartment of the automobile through the internal condenser. According to the heat pump air-conditioning system for the electric automobile, the electric heating water circulation loop is additionally arranged to indirectly heat the passenger compartment of the automobile, so that the air temperature regulation requirement in the passenger compartment of the automobile under different working conditions can be met, and the heating effect is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobiles, and particularly relates to a heat pump air-conditioning system of an electric automobile.
Background
With the stricter national emission standards, electric vehicles are receiving more and more attention and support from the country. The traditional fuel vehicle air conditioner heating usually uses an engine as a heat source, and the electric vehicle has no engine heat source, so that the technical problem of how to improve the heating effect of the air conditioner becomes a problem under the high and cold working conditions in winter. There are generally two solutions to this technical problem. The first scheme is that a power storage battery is used, and an electric heater is used for obtaining a heat source, so that the driving mileage of the vehicle is greatly influenced. The second scheme is to adopt heat pump air conditioning technology. The automobile heat pump air conditioner directly collects heat sources of the motor and the battery through the heat exchanger, and temperature of the automobile heat pump air conditioner is adjusted to a cab through the air conditioning system and the indoor condenser. The heat pump air conditioning technology can improve the problem to a certain extent, but under the condition that the temperature outside the vehicle is low in winter, the heating effect is still poor in the scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a heat pump air-conditioning system of an electric automobile, and aims to improve the heating effect.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the heat pump air-conditioning system of the electric automobile comprises a battery cooling loop, a motor electric control cooling loop and a heat pump air-conditioning loop connected with the battery cooling loop and the motor electric control cooling loop, wherein the heat pump air-conditioning loop comprises an external heat exchanger, an internal evaporator, a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, an electric heater connected with the water-cooled condenser and an internal condenser; in the heating mode, the air conditioning medium is vaporized to absorb heat when flowing through the external heat exchanger, the air conditioning medium absorbing heat forms high-pressure gas after being compressed by the compressor, the high-pressure gas is liquefied and releases heat when flowing through the water-cooled condenser, the heat is transferred to the circulating water, the electric heater continuously heats the circulating water from the water-cooled condenser, and finally the heat of the circulating water is transferred to the passenger compartment of the automobile through the internal condenser.
The heat pump air-conditioning loop further comprises a water pump, and the water pump is located between the internal condenser and the electric heater and connected with the internal condenser and the electric heater.
The heat pump air-conditioning loop further comprises a four-way valve, a first bidirectional three-way valve, a second bidirectional three-way valve and a third bidirectional three-way valve, the external heat exchanger is connected with the first bidirectional three-way valve and the second bidirectional three-way valve, the external heat exchanger is located between the first bidirectional three-way valve and the second bidirectional three-way valve, the four-way valve is connected with the compressor, the first bidirectional three-way valve and the third bidirectional three-way valve, the four-way valve is located between the first bidirectional three-way valve and the third bidirectional three-way valve, the internal evaporator is connected with the second bidirectional three-way valve and the second bidirectional three-way valve, the internal evaporator is located between the second bidirectional three-way valve and the second bidirectional three-way valve, and the water-cooled condenser is located between the second bidirectional three-way valve and the second bidirectional three-way valve.
The heat pump air-conditioning loop further comprises a drying bottle, wherein the drying bottle is positioned between the four-way valve and the compressor and is connected with the four-way valve and the compressor.
The battery cooling loop comprises a water cooler connected with the heat pump air-conditioning loop, a low-temperature radiator connected with the water cooler, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve connected with the low-temperature radiator and a water pump connected with the water cooler and the power battery, and the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are connected with the power battery.
In the heating mode, after the automobile runs for a period of time and the water temperature of circulating water of the battery cooling loop reaches a set value, the first one-way valve is closed, the second one-way valve is opened, and the circulating water sequentially flows through the water cooler, the water pump, the power battery, the second one-way valve and the low-temperature radiator to cool the power battery; when an air conditioning medium of the heat pump air conditioning loop flows through the water chiller, heat is absorbed, the heat of the battery cooling loop is transferred to the heat pump air conditioning loop, and meanwhile, the heat of the electric control cooling loop of the motor is also transferred to the heat pump air conditioning loop.
The battery cooling loop further comprises a first temperature sensor arranged between the power battery and the second one-way valve and a second temperature sensor arranged between the water cooler and the water pump.
The motor electric control cooling loop comprises a high-temperature radiator connected with the first driving motor and the second driving motor, a first water pump and a second water pump connected with the high-temperature radiator, a first motor controller connected with the first water pump and the first driving motor, and a second motor controller connected with the second water pump and the second driving motor.
According to the heat pump air-conditioning system for the electric automobile, the electric heating water circulation loop is additionally arranged to indirectly heat the passenger compartment of the automobile, so that the air temperature regulation requirement in the passenger compartment of the automobile under different working conditions can be met, and the heating effect is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump air conditioning system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a heat pump air conditioning system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an example of a heating condition of a heat pump air conditioning system of an electric vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an example of a heating condition of a heat pump air conditioning system of an electric vehicle according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1, an indirect heat pump system; 2. an electrically heated water circulation loop; 3. a battery cooling circuit; 4. an electric control cooling loop of the motor; 5. a first temperature and pressure safety valve; 6. a four-way valve; 7. a first bidirectional three-way valve; 8. a second temperature and pressure safety valve; 9. a second bidirectional three-way valve; 10. a third temperature and pressure safety valve; 11. a third two-way three-way valve; 12. a first check valve; 13. a second one-way valve; 14. a first temperature sensor; 15. a second temperature sensor; 16. a first water pump; 17. a second water pump; 18. a third water pump; 19. a third water pump; 20. a first drive motor; 21. a second drive motor; 22. a first motor controller; 23. a second motor controller; 24. a high temperature heat sink; 25. an electric heater; 26. an internal condenser; 27. an internal condenser; 28. an internal evaporator; 29. an external heat exchanger; 30. drying the bottle; 31. a compressor; 32. a power battery; 33. a water chiller; 34. a low temperature heat sink.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings for a purpose of helping those skilled in the art to more fully, accurately and deeply understand the concept and technical solution of the present invention and to facilitate its implementation.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides an electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, which includes a battery cooling loop, a motor electrically-controlled cooling loop, and a heat pump air conditioning loop connected to the battery cooling loop and the motor electrically-controlled cooling loop, wherein the heat pump air conditioning loop includes an external heat exchanger 29, an internal evaporator 28, a compressor 31, a water-cooled condenser, and an electric heater 25 and an internal condenser 26 connected to the water-cooled condenser; in the heating mode, the air conditioning medium is vaporized and absorbs heat when flowing through the external heat exchanger, the air conditioning medium absorbing heat is compressed by the compressor 31 to form high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas is liquefied and releases heat when flowing through the water-cooled condenser, the heat is transferred to the circulating water, the electric heater 25 continuously heats the circulating water from the water-cooled condenser, the heated circulating water flows to the internal condenser 26, and finally the heat of the circulating water is transferred to the passenger compartment of the automobile through the internal condenser 26, so that the heating effect is realized. The system can rapidly and efficiently heat under the working conditions of small heat of the motor and the battery, low external environment temperature and the like through an indirect heat pump technology.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the heat pump air conditioning circuit further includes a third water pump 18, the third water pump 18 is located between the internal condenser 26 and the electric heater 25, the third water pump 18 is connected to the internal condenser 26 and the electric heater 25, and the internal condenser 26, the water-cooled condenser, the third water pump 18 and the electric heater 25 form an electric heating water circulation circuit of the heat pump air conditioner. The heat pump air conditioning loop also comprises a four-way valve 6 and a first two-way three-way valve 7, a second two-way three-way valve 9 and a third two-way three-way valve 11, an exterior heat exchanger 29 connected with the first two-way three-way valve 7 and the second two-way three-way valve 9 and the exterior heat exchanger 29 located between the first two-way three-way valve 7 and the second two-way three-way valve 9, a four-way valve 6 connected with a compressor 31, the first two-way three-way valve 7 and the third two-way three-way valve 11 and the four-way valve 6 located between the first two-way three-way valve 7 and the third two-way three-way valve 11, an interior evaporator 28 connected with the second two-way three-way valve 9 and the interior evaporator 28 located between the second two-way three-way valve 9, a water-cooled condenser connected with the second two-way three-way valve 9 and the water-cooled condenser located between the second two-way three-way valve 9 and the second two-way three-way valve 9. The heat pump air conditioning circuit further comprises a drying bottle 30, the drying bottle 30 is positioned between the four-way valve 6 and the compressor 31, and the drying bottle 30 is connected with the four-way valve 6 and the compressor 31. The compressor 31 and the drying bottle 30 provide power and drying for the air conditioning medium, and the flow direction of the air conditioning medium is changed through the four-way valve 6, so that the switching between heating and cooling modes is realized. In the cooling mode, the air conditioning medium is liquefied by the external heat exchanger 29 to transfer heat to the outside of the passenger compartment of the vehicle; the air conditioning medium is vaporized by the internal evaporator 28 to absorb heat and take away heat in the passenger compartment, thereby realizing refrigeration.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the first, second, and third two-way three- way valves 7, 9, and 11 are three-way valves and the first, second, and third two-way three- way valves 7, 9, and 11 have three oil ports, the four-way valve 6 has four oil ports, the four oil ports of the four-way valve 6 are respectively a first oil port, a second oil port, a third oil port, and a fourth oil port, the first oil port of the four-way valve 6 is connected to the first two-way three-way valve 7, the second oil port of the four-way valve 6 is connected to the third two-way three-way valve 11, the third oil port of the four-way valve 6 is connected to the drying bottle 30, and the fourth oil port of the four-way valve 6 is connected to the compressor 31. A first oil port of the first two-way three-way valve 7 is connected with one end of the external heat exchanger 29, a second oil port of the first two-way three-way valve 7 is connected with a first water inlet of the water chiller 33, a third oil port of the first two-way three-way valve 7 is connected with a first water outlet of the water chiller 33, and a third oil port of the first two-way three-way valve 7 is connected with a first oil port of the four-way valve 6. A first port of the second two-way three-way valve 9 is connected with the other end of the external heat exchanger 29, a second port of the second two-way three-way valve 9 is connected with one end of the water-cooled condenser, and a third port of the second two-way three-way valve 9 is connected with one end of the internal evaporator 28. A first port of the third two-way three-way valve 11 is connected to a second port of the four-way valve 6, a second port of the third two-way three-way valve 11 is connected to the other end of the water-cooled condenser, and a third port of the third two-way three-way valve 11 is connected to the other end of the internal evaporator 28. One end of the compressor 31 is connected to the dryer, and the other end of the compressor 31 is connected to the four-way valve 6. The water inlet of the third water pump 18 is connected with the water outlet of the electric heater 25, the water outlet of the third water pump 18 is connected with the water inlet of the internal condenser 26, the water outlet of the internal condenser 26 is connected with the water inlet of the water-cooled condenser, and the water outlet of the water-cooled condenser is connected with the water inlet of the electric heater 25.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the heat pump air conditioning circuit further includes a first temperature pressure safety valve 5, a second temperature pressure safety valve 8, and a third temperature pressure safety valve 10, the first temperature pressure safety valve 5 is disposed between the four-way valve 6 and the drying bottle 30, one end of the first temperature pressure safety valve 5 is connected to a third oil port of the four-way valve 6, the other end of the first temperature pressure safety valve 5 is connected to the drying bottle 30, the second temperature pressure safety valve 8 is disposed between the external heat exchanger 29 and the first two-way three-way valve 7, one end of the second temperature pressure safety valve 8 is connected to the external heat exchanger 29, and the other end of the second temperature pressure safety valve 8 is connected to a first oil port of the first two-way three-way valve 7. The third temperature and pressure safety valve 10 is arranged between the water-cooled condenser and the second bidirectional three-way valve, one end of the third temperature and pressure safety valve 10 is connected with the water-cooled condenser, and the other end of the third temperature and pressure safety valve 10 is connected with the second bidirectional three-way valve.
The air conditioning medium flows through the external heat exchanger 29 in sequence via the drying bottle 30 and the compressor 31, the evaporator forming a circulation. The air conditioning medium liquefies to release heat at the external heat exchanger and evaporates to absorb heat at the internal evaporator 28. At this time, at the internal evaporator 28, cool air enters the passenger compartment of the vehicle through the vehicle air duct to achieve a cooling effect. The air conditioning system controls the rotating speed of the compressor 31 to adjust the refrigeration effect by feeding back the pressure value through the first temperature pressure safety valve 5 and the second temperature pressure safety valve 8. Under the working condition, the water-cooled condenser is in a non-working state, if hot air is needed in the passenger compartment at the same time, the electric heater 25 starts to work under the action of the control system, the water temperature of a water circulation loop of the electric heater 25 is increased, and the third water pump 18 conveys circulating water heated by the electric heater 25 to the internal condenser 26. At this time, at the interior condenser 26, hot air enters the vehicle passenger compartment through the vehicle air duct. Under the working condition, in the battery cooling loop, the temperature values detected by the first temperature sensor 14 and the second temperature sensor 15 can judge that the water cooler 33 has no cooling effect, at the moment, the first one-way valve 12 is opened, the second one-way valve 13 is closed, the low-temperature radiator 34 starts to work, and the circulating water of the battery cooling loop flows through the low-temperature radiator 34 to reduce the water temperature of the battery cooling loop.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the battery cooling circuit includes a water chiller 33 connected to the heat pump air conditioning circuit, a low temperature radiator 34 connected to the water chiller 33, a first check valve 12, a second check valve 13 connected to the low temperature radiator 34, and a fourth water pump connected to the water chiller 33 and the power battery 32, and the first check valve 12 and the second check valve 13 are connected to the power battery 32. The water outlet of the first check valve 12 is connected with the second water inlet of the water cooler 33, the second water outlet of the water cooler 33 is connected with the water inlet of the fourth water pump, the water inlet of the first check valve 12 is connected with the water outlet of the power battery 32, the water outlet of the fourth water pump is connected with the water inlet of the power battery 32, the first water inlet of the water cooler 33 is communicated with the first water outlet, and the second water inlet of the water cooler 33 is communicated with the second water outlet. The water outlet of the second one-way valve 13 is connected with the water inlet of the low-temperature radiator 34, the water outlet of the low-temperature radiator 34 is connected with the second water inlet of the water cooler 33, and the water inlet of the second one-way valve 13 is connected with the water outlet of the power battery 32.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the heating mode, after the vehicle runs for a period of time and the temperature of the circulating water in the battery cooling circuit reaches a set value, the first check valve 12 is closed, the second check valve 13 is opened, and the circulating water flows through the water cooler 33, the fourth water pump, the power battery 32, the second check valve 13 and the low-temperature radiator 34 in sequence to cool the power battery 32; when the air conditioning medium of the heat pump air conditioning loop flows through the water cooler 33, heat is absorbed, the heat of the battery cooling loop is transferred to the heat pump air conditioning loop, and meanwhile, the heat of the electric control cooling loop of the motor is also transferred to the heat pump air conditioning loop.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the battery cooling circuit further includes a first temperature sensor 14 disposed between the power battery 32 and the second check valve 13, and a second temperature sensor 15 disposed between the water chiller 33 and the fourth water pump. The first temperature sensor 14 is used for detecting the temperature of the circulating water at the water outlet of the power battery 32, and the second temperature sensor 15 is used for detecting the temperature of the circulating water at the water inlet of the fourth water pump. The first temperature sensor 14 and the second temperature sensor 15 judge the temperature difference between the water circulation input end and the water circulation output end of the battery cooling loop, and the first check valve 12 and the second check valve 13 control whether the low-temperature radiator 34 is connected into the loop or not. The water chiller 33 transfers the battery cooling circuit heat source to the heat pump air conditioning system medium by heat exchange.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the motor electrically-controlled cooling circuit includes a high-temperature radiator 24 connected to the first drive motor 20 and the second drive motor 21, first and second water pumps 16 and 17 connected to the high-temperature radiator 24, a first motor controller 22 connected to the first water pump 16 and the first drive motor 20, and a second motor controller 23 connected to the second water pump 17 and the second drive motor 21. The water inlet of the first water pump 16 is connected with the water inlet of the high-temperature radiator 24, the water outlet of the first water pump 16 is connected with the water inlet of the first motor controller 22, the water outlet of the first motor controller 22 is connected with the water inlet of the first driving motor 20, the water outlet of the first driving motor 20 is connected with the water inlet of the high-temperature radiator 24, the water inlet of the second water pump 17 is connected with the water inlet of the high-temperature radiator 24, the water outlet of the second water pump 17 is connected with the water inlet of the first motor controller 22, the water outlet of the second motor controller 23 is connected with the water inlet of the second driving motor 21, and the water outlet of the second driving motor 21 is connected with the water inlet of the high-temperature radiator 24. The water inlet of the first water pump 16 and the water inlet of the second water pump 17 are connected with the water outlet of the third water pump 18, and the water inlet of the first driving motor 20 and the water inlet of the second driving motor 21 are connected with the water inlet of the electric heater 25.
The electric vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is additionally provided with an electric heating water circulation loop to indirectly heat the passenger compartment of a vehicle, and the system collects the heat of a battery cooling loop through a water cooler 33 to exchange with the heat pump air-conditioning loop so as to assist the heat pump system in heating; meanwhile, the hot water of the electric control cooling loop of the motor is communicated with the hot water of the electric heating water circulation loop to assist the electric heating water circulation system to heat. The system disclosed by the invention can flexibly meet the requirements of cooling the battery and the motor electric control system of the electric automobile and regulating the air temperature in the passenger compartment of the automobile through the electric control system.
As shown in fig. 3, when the electric vehicle is in a high-cold start condition, it can be determined that the water temperature of the battery cooling system is low through the temperature values detected by the first temperature sensor 14 and the second temperature sensor 15, and the water cooler 33 does not participate in the heat pump air conditioning heating. At this time, the four-way valve 6, the first two-way three-way valve 7, the second two-way three-way valve 9, and the third two-way three-way valve 11 are in the state shown in fig. 3. The air conditioning medium from the four-way valve 6 flows through the drying bottle 30 and the compressor 31 in sequence, then flows to the third two-way three-way valve 11 through the four-way valve 6, then flows through the water-cooled condenser, the second two-way three-way valve 9, the external heat exchanger 29 and the first two-way three-way valve 7 in sequence, and then flows back to the four-way valve 6 to form circulation. The air conditioning medium is vaporized at the external heat exchanger 29 to absorb heat, and is liquefied at the water-cooled condenser to release heat, and at the moment, the temperature of circulating water of the electric heating system rises at the water-cooled condenser. If the vehicle runs in a high and cold environment, the heat pump system has poor heating effect, the electric heater 25 can start heating at the moment, the water temperature of the loop can be further improved, the third water pump 18 conveys circulating water heated by the electric heater 25 to the internal condenser 26, and hot air is brought into the passenger compartment of the vehicle through the air duct of the vehicle. At the moment, the water-cooled condenser and the electric heater 25 work simultaneously, so that the temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle can be quickly increased, and a good heating effect is achieved.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heating operation condition of an indirect heat pump system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the heating mode, after the electric automobile runs for a period of time, when the temperature of the circulating water in the battery cooling circuit is judged to be high according to the detection results of the first temperature sensor 14 and the second temperature sensor 15, the first one-way valve 12 is closed, the second one-way valve 13 is opened, the circulating water from the power battery 32 flows to the water cooler 33 through the first one-way valve 12, the temperature of the circulating water is reduced after the circulating water flows through the water cooler 33, and the water cooler 33 independently cools the power battery 32. After the first one-way valve 12 is opened and the second one-way valve 13 is closed, circulating water from the power battery 32 sequentially flows through the second one-way valve 13, the low-temperature radiator 34 and the water cooler 33, and the water cooler 33 and the low-temperature radiator 34 can cool the battery at the same time; at this time, the four-way valve 6, the first two-way three-way valve 7, the second two-way three-way valve 9, and the third two-way three-way valve 11 are in the states as shown in fig. 4, the water outlet of the external heat exchanger 29 is connected to the water inlet of the water chiller 33 through the first two-way three-way valve 7, the four-way valve 6 is connected to the water inlet of the water-cooled condenser through the third two-way three-way valve 11, the water outlet of the water-cooled condenser is connected to the water inlet of the external heat exchanger 29 through the second two-way three-way valve 9, and the air conditioning medium from the four-way valve 6 flows through the drying bottle 30, the compressor 31, the four-way valve 6, the third two-way three-way valve 11, the water-cooled condenser, the second two-way three-way valve 9, the external heat exchanger 29, the first two-way three-way valve 7, and the water chiller 33 in sequence, and finally flows to the four-way valve 6 to form a cycle. The air conditioning medium absorbs heat from the battery cooling circuit at the water chiller 33, absorbs heat by vaporization at the external heat exchanger, and is liquefied at the water-cooled condenser to release heat. The water cooled condenser then transfers the greater heat to the motor heater water circulation loop. Meanwhile, in the electric control cooling loop of the motor, heat generated by the driving motor and the electric control system is transferred to the water circulation loop of the electric heater 25 through water circulation, and at the moment, the electric heater 25 can be in a low-power state or a non-working state. Under the working condition, the heat pump air conditioning system is in a high-efficiency low-power consumption state, and the heat of the battery, the driving motor and the electric control is fully utilized for adjusting the air temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
The heating working condition of the heat pump air conditioner is shown by the above figures 3 and 4. This indirect heat pump air conditioning system can solve the vehicle under the abominable operating mode such as high cold start, and the air conditioner heats the not good problem of effect. Under the working condition shown in fig. 3, the electric heater 25 is in a high energy consumption state, which ensures the heating effect of the air conditioner, and the state is relatively short. After the vehicle is started, as the heat of the battery, the motor and the electric control system rises, the indirect heat pump system can utilize the heat for heating the air conditioner, and the electric heater 25 is in a low-energy-consumption state. By integrating the processes, the indirect heat pump air conditioner can achieve a good heating effect, consumes less power of the power battery 32, and can effectively improve the endurance mileage of the pure electric vehicle.
The invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the invention is not limited to the specific implementation in the above-described manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to apply the inventive concept and solution to other applications without substantial modification.
Claims (5)
1. Electric automobile heat pump air conditioning system, including battery cooling circuit, the automatically controlled cooling circuit of motor and with the battery cooling circuit and the automatically controlled cooling circuit of motor be connected's heat pump air conditioning circuit, its characterized in that: the heat pump air-conditioning loop comprises an external heat exchanger, an internal evaporator, a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, an electric heater and an internal condenser, wherein the electric heater and the internal condenser are connected with the water-cooled condenser; in the heating mode, the air conditioning medium is vaporized and absorbs heat when flowing through the external heat exchanger, the air conditioning medium absorbing the heat forms high-pressure gas after being compressed by the compressor, the high-pressure gas is liquefied and releases heat when flowing through the water-cooled condenser, the heat is transferred to the circulating water, the electric heater continuously heats the circulating water from the water-cooled condenser, and finally the heat of the circulating water is transferred to the passenger compartment of the automobile through the internal condenser;
the heat pump air-conditioning loop further comprises a four-way valve, a first bidirectional three-way valve, a second bidirectional three-way valve and a third bidirectional three-way valve, the external heat exchanger is connected with the first bidirectional three-way valve and the second bidirectional three-way valve, the external heat exchanger is positioned between the first bidirectional three-way valve and the second bidirectional three-way valve, the four-way valve is connected with the compressor, the first bidirectional three-way valve and the third bidirectional three-way valve, the four-way valve is positioned between the first bidirectional three-way valve and the third bidirectional three-way valve, the internal evaporator is connected with the second bidirectional three-way valve and the third bidirectional three-way valve, the internal evaporator is positioned between the second bidirectional three-way valve and the third bidirectional three-way valve, the water-cooled condenser is connected with the second bidirectional three-way valve and the third bidirectional three-way valve, and the water-cooled condenser is positioned between the second bidirectional three-way valve and the third bidirectional three-way valve;
the battery cooling loop comprises a water cooler connected with the heat pump air-conditioning loop, a low-temperature radiator connected with the water cooler, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve connected with the low-temperature radiator and a water pump connected with the water cooler and the power battery, and the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are connected with the power battery;
in the heating mode, after the automobile runs for a period of time and the water temperature of circulating water of the battery cooling loop reaches a set value, the first one-way valve is closed, the second one-way valve is opened, and the circulating water sequentially flows through the water cooler, the water pump, the power battery, the second one-way valve and the low-temperature radiator to cool the power battery; when an air conditioning medium of the heat pump air conditioning loop flows through the water chiller, heat is absorbed, the heat of the battery cooling loop is transferred to the heat pump air conditioning loop, and meanwhile, the heat of the electric control cooling loop of the motor is also transferred to the heat pump air conditioning loop.
2. The heat pump air-conditioning system for the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat pump air-conditioning loop further comprises a water pump, and the water pump is located between the internal condenser and the electric heater and connected with the internal condenser and the electric heater.
3. The heat pump air-conditioning system for the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat pump air-conditioning loop further comprises a drying bottle, wherein the drying bottle is positioned between the four-way valve and the compressor and is connected with the four-way valve and the compressor.
4. The heat pump air-conditioning system of the electric automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the battery cooling loop further comprises a first temperature sensor arranged between the power battery and the second one-way valve and a second temperature sensor arranged between the water cooler and the water pump.
5. The heat pump air-conditioning system of the electric automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the motor electric control cooling loop comprises a high-temperature radiator connected with the first driving motor and the second driving motor, a first water pump and a second water pump connected with the high-temperature radiator, a first motor controller connected with the first water pump and the first driving motor, and a second motor controller connected with the second water pump and the second driving motor.
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| CN202010171100.6A CN111251832B (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | Heat pump air conditioning system of electric automobile |
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| CN111716993A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-29 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Low-energy-consumption heat management system |
| CN112172462B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2023-10-10 | 东风本田汽车有限公司 | Electric automobile air conditioner heating system and control method |
| CN112622563B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-05-27 | 艾泰斯热系统研发（上海）有限公司 | Indirect heat pump system |
| CN113386527B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-05-03 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Thermal management system and control method of pure electric vehicle and pure electric vehicle |
| CN113386526B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-06-14 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Indirect heat pump air conditioning system, control method and pure electric vehicle |
| CN114056047B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-11-24 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Electric automobile's thermal management system and electric automobile |
| CN113997753A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-01 | 东风商用车有限公司 | New energy automobile thermal management system |
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