CN111251694B - Preparation method of interlayer film and preparation method of electric heating glass - Google Patents
Preparation method of interlayer film and preparation method of electric heating glass Download PDFInfo
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- CN111251694B CN111251694B CN202010165211.6A CN202010165211A CN111251694B CN 111251694 B CN111251694 B CN 111251694B CN 202010165211 A CN202010165211 A CN 202010165211A CN 111251694 B CN111251694 B CN 111251694B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of an interlayer film and a preparation method of electric heating glass, wherein the preparation method of the interlayer film comprises the following steps: taking a lower-layer matrix, an isolation film, a mesh cloth with grains specially made, a rubber sheet and an upper-layer matrix; sequentially laminating and laying a layer of isolating film, a layer of mesh cloth, a layer of rubber sheet, another layer of mesh cloth, another layer of isolating film and an upper layer of substrate on a lower layer of substrate to form an integral structure; cold press molding is carried out on the whole structure by adopting a cold press molding technology; carrying out hot press molding on the integral structure by adopting a hot press molding technology; and removing the lower-layer matrix, the upper-layer matrix, the isolating film and the screen cloth on the two sides of the rubber sheet, wherein the grain shapes of the upper side and the lower side of the rubber sheet are consistent with the grain shape of the screen cloth, and finishing the preparation of the middle-layer rubber sheet. The invention can ensure that the films are completely attached to each other, the air can not form closed loop closure, and the problem of bubbles on the film of the middle layer in the electric heating glass of the airplane can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of electric heating glass, in particular to a preparation method of an interlayer film and a preparation method of the electric heating glass.
Background
At present, the preparation method of the electric heating glass is generally that a plurality of layers of inorganic silicate glass are cut, ground, bent and formed, strengthened and coated, and then a plurality of layers of organic films are cold-pumped, laminated and hot-pressed and are bonded with edge-wrapping materials through a special tool. Meanwhile, considering the pneumatic appearance of the whole aircraft, the aircraft electric heating glass is mostly designed in a curved surface mode, is mainly symmetrically arranged in an aircraft pressurizing cabin, can meet the lighting requirement of the cockpit, is used as a part of the aircraft structure, meets the structural requirements of durability and fatigue life, also meets the bird impact resistance and provides a wide, clear and undistorted view requirement for a driver under any meteorological condition, and ensures the safety of the pilot.
The inventor finds that during the cruising process of the airplane, the electric heating windshield of the airplane is mostly in a pressurization state and bears certain strength of pneumatic load and temperature load, and long-term high and low temperature impact can cause the failure of the interlayer film S4 in the electric heating windshield of the airplane, wherein the most typical failure mode is the occurrence of air bubbles in the interlayer film S4, and the existence of the defects seriously reduces the service life of the glass, influences the visual field of a pilot and even influences the safety of the airplane.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a prior art aircraft glass during a cold drawing process. As shown in fig. 6, in order to solve the problem of bubbles in the intermediate layer film S4, the prior art adopts a technical solution that a multi-path air exhaust pipeline S5 and a plurality of auxiliary air exhaust systems S6 are added in the cold air exhaust process of the aircraft glass preparation to improve air exhaust, and air in the intermediate layer film S4 is exhausted to vacuum as much as possible by air exhaust of the multi-path air exhaust pipeline S5.
In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor finds that the technical scheme adopted by the prior art at least has the following problems:
1. because the added auxiliary air-extracting systems S6 need to be overlapped with the glass to perform air-extracting, for example, as shown in fig. 1, two auxiliary air-extracting systems S6 are respectively overlapped with the inner layer glass S1, the middle layer glass S2 and the outer layer glass S3, but the overlapping of the auxiliary air-extracting systems S6 with the glass affects the optical property of the edge of the glass;
2. as long as one air exhaust pipeline S5 leaks air in the added multi-path air exhaust pipeline S5, the whole air exhaust system can fail, and the failure probability is increased;
3. the added auxiliary air suction system S6 is usually chemical fiber or cotton material, the fiber and cotton wool inside can easily enter the middle layer film S4 to form appearance defect;
4. fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a prior art lamination of two intermediate layers of film S4. As shown in fig. 7, the surface texture of the interlayer film S4 is irregular, and in the lamination and hot pressing process of the multi-layer interlayer film S4, the peripheries of the organic films with irregular shapes on both sides are generally completely attached to seal the air in the middle, and as shown in the black part S7 in fig. 7, even if a plurality of air exhaust pipelines and auxiliary air exhaust systems are added, the air sealed in the middle cannot be exhausted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of an interlayer film and a preparation method of electric heating glass. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, a method for preparing an interlayer film is provided, which is used for enhancing the air exhausting function of an electric heating glass interlayer film, wherein the method for preparing the interlayer film comprises the following steps:
taking a lower-layer matrix, an isolation film, a mesh cloth with grains specially made, a rubber sheet and an upper-layer matrix;
sequentially laminating and laying a layer of isolating film, a layer of mesh cloth, a layer of rubber sheet, another layer of mesh cloth, another layer of isolating film and an upper layer of substrate on a lower layer of substrate to form an integral structure;
cold press molding is carried out on the whole structure by adopting a cold press molding technology;
carrying out hot press molding on the integral structure by adopting a hot press molding technology;
and removing the lower-layer matrix, the upper-layer matrix, the isolating film and the screen cloth on the two sides of the rubber sheet, wherein the grain shapes of the upper side and the lower side of the rubber sheet are consistent with the grain shape of the screen cloth, and finishing the preparation of the middle-layer rubber sheet.
In a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method for cold-forming the monolithic structure specifically comprises the following steps:
wrapping the integral structure by a sealing bag, installing an air exhaust pipeline at an upper opening of the sealing bag, and sealing edges of the sealing bag by putty strips at the periphery of the sealing bag;
connecting an air exhaust pipeline on the sealing bag with a negative pressure pump, setting the negative pressure pump to be negative pressure, and carrying out cold pumping on the sealing bag to be negative pressure.
With reference to the first aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when the integral structure is subjected to cold press forming, the negative pressure is between-0.06 and-0.1 MPa, and the cold pumping time is greater than or equal to 2 hours.
In a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method for hot press forming the integral structure specifically includes the following steps:
placing the integral structure in an autoclave, connecting negative pressure, starting the autoclave for vacuumizing, raising the temperature to 40-80 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 30-90 min;
and after the heat preservation is finished, continuing heating, raising the temperature to 120-145 ℃, keeping the pressure of the high-pressure kettle at 0.6-1.3 MPa, continuing for 60-180 min, stopping heating, releasing the pressure, opening the high-pressure kettle when the temperature is cooled to 40-60 ℃, cooling the integral structure to the normal temperature, and taking out the integral structure.
In a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the textures on the upper side and the lower side of the film are regular and are in a shape beneficial to air exhaust.
In a second aspect, a method for preparing electrically heated glass is provided, wherein the method for preparing electrically heated glass comprises the following steps:
taking a plurality of intermediate layer films prepared by the method for preparing an intermediate layer film according to any one of the first aspect;
cutting a plurality of interlayer films according to the shape of each layer of glass in the electric heating glass;
laying the cut interlayer films between two adjacent layers of glass in each layer of glass according to corresponding lines of the interlayer films, and bonding the glass in each layer through the interlayer films to form an integral structure of the electric heating glass;
cold press molding is carried out on the electric heating glass integral structure by adopting a cold press molding technology;
and carrying out hot press molding on the integral structure of the electric heating glass by adopting a hot press molding technology.
In a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, each layer of glass specifically includes inner layer glass, middle layer glass and outer layer glass, the plurality of middle layer films are cut according to shapes of the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass, and the cut plurality of middle layer films are laid between the inner layer glass and the middle layer glass and between the middle layer glass and the outer layer glass according to corresponding lines, so that the inner layer glass, the middle layer glass and the outer layer glass are bonded through the plurality of middle layer films to form an integral structure of the electric heating glass.
In a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the method for cold press forming the electric heating glass integral structure specifically comprises the following steps:
wrapping the whole structure of the electrically heated glass by using a sealing bag, installing an air exhaust pipeline at an upper opening of the sealing bag, and sealing edges of the sealing bag by using putty strips at the periphery of the sealing bag;
connecting an air exhaust pipeline on the sealing bag with a negative pressure pump, setting the negative pressure pump to be negative pressure, and carrying out cold pumping on the sealing bag to be negative pressure.
With reference to the second aspect or the second possible implementation manner thereof, in a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, when the whole structure is subjected to cold press forming, the negative pressure is between-0.06 and-0.1 MPa, and the cold pumping time is greater than or equal to 2 hours.
In a fourth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the method for performing hot press forming on the electric heating glass integral structure specifically includes the following steps:
placing the electric heating glass integral structure in an autoclave, connecting negative pressure, starting the autoclave to vacuumize under the pressure of-0.06 to-0.1 MPa, raising the temperature to 40-80 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 30-90 min;
and after the heat preservation is finished, continuing heating, heating to 120-145 ℃, keeping the pressure of the high-pressure kettle at 0.6-1.3 MPa, continuing for 60-180 min, stopping heating, releasing pressure, opening the high-pressure kettle when the temperature is cooled to 40-60 ℃, cooling the whole structure of the electric heating glass to the normal temperature, and taking out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention relates to a preparation method of an interlayer film and a preparation method of electric heating glass, which are characterized in that the film is subjected to cold press molding to form special lines with the enhancement effect on cold pumping and exhaust, then the processed film is subjected to hot press molding to complete the preparation of the lines on the film, the film and the film are completely attached by prefabricating the lines on the film, air can not form closed loop closure, and the problem of bubbles in the interlayer film in the electric heating glass of an airplane can be effectively solved.
Meanwhile, the air extraction efficiency can be improved by prefabricating the lines on the film, the operation time is shortened, the cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. In addition, the invention does not need to increase the number of auxiliary air exhaust systems and air exhaust pipelines, thereby ensuring good optical performance of the edge part of the electric heating glass of the airplane and the cleanliness of an interlayer film in the electric heating glass of the airplane.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the steps of a method for manufacturing an interlayer film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of lamination of two interlayer film laminates according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of a method for manufacturing electrically heated glass according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an electric heating glass according to two embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the electric heating glass integrated structure of the second embodiment of the present invention during cold press molding.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a prior art aircraft glass during a cold drawing process.
Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of a prior art lamination of two interlayer film laminates.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1, which shows a schematic flow chart of steps of a method 1 for preparing an interlayer film according to an embodiment of the present invention. The preparation method 1 of the interlayer film is used for enhancing the air exhaust function of the electric heating glass interlayer film S4, and the preparation method 1 of the interlayer film comprises the following steps 101-105, wherein:
Specifically, a lower-layer base body, an isolation film, a mesh cloth with grains specially made, a film and an upper-layer base body are taken, a piece of dust-free cloth is dipped in absolute alcohol to clean the lower-layer base body, the upper-layer base body and the mesh cloth, and fluff and impurities on two sides of the film are cleaned up by a dust removing roller.
The lower-layer substrate and the upper-layer substrate are preferably flat glass, the film is preferably a polyurethane film, the transmittance of the polyurethane film is 86-94%, the haze of the polyurethane film is 0.1-0.3%, the thickness of the polyurethane film is 0.38-0.76 mm, the tensile strength of the polyurethane film is not less than 25MPa, and the elongation at break of the polyurethane film is not less than 350%, so that the performance requirements of the middle-layer film in the electric heating glass of the airplane can be met, but not limited thereto.
The texture tailoring in this embodiment refers to a shape in which the texture is regular and is beneficial to exhaust, for example, the texture may be a regularly arranged saw-tooth shape, or the texture may also be a regularly arranged wave shape, but not limited thereto.
Specifically, a layer of isolation film is laid on the lower layer of substrate, a layer of mesh cloth is laid on the isolation film, a layer of rubber sheet is laid on the mesh cloth, another layer of mesh cloth is laid on the rubber sheet, another layer of isolation film is laid on the another layer of mesh cloth, and the upper layer of substrate is placed on the another layer of isolation film to form an integral structure.
And 103, cold press molding. And cold press molding is carried out on the whole structure by adopting a cold press molding technology.
Specifically, the integral structure is wrapped by a sealing bag, an air exhaust pipeline is arranged at the upper opening of the sealing bag, the periphery of the sealing bag is sealed by putty strips, the air exhaust pipeline on the sealing bag is connected with a negative pressure pump, the negative pressure pump is set to be negative pressure, the sealing bag is subjected to cold pumping to be negative pressure, and special lines which have an enhancement effect on cold pumping air exhaust are formed on the film. Preferably, the negative pressure is-0.06 to-0.1 MPa, and the cold pumping time is 2 hours or more, but not limited thereto.
And 104, hot-press forming. And carrying out hot press molding on the integral structure by adopting a hot press molding technology.
Specifically, after cold press molding is completed, the integral structure is placed in an autoclave, negative pressure is connected, the pressure is between-0.06 MPa and-0.1 MPa, the autoclave is started to be vacuumized, the temperature is increased to 40-80 ℃, and heat preservation is carried out for 30-90 min; and after the heat preservation is finished, continuing heating, heating to 120-145 ℃, keeping the pressure of the high-pressure kettle at 0.6-1.3 MPa, continuing for 60-180 min, closing the heating, releasing the pressure, opening the high-pressure kettle when the temperature is cooled to 40-60 ℃, cooling the integral structure to the normal temperature, and taking out the integral structure.
And step 105, demolding. And removing the lower-layer matrix, the upper-layer matrix, the isolating film and the mesh cloth on the two sides of the film, wherein the grain shapes of the upper and lower sides of the film are consistent with the grain shape of the mesh cloth, and finishing the preparation of the middle-layer film S4.
Specifically, after the integrated structure is taken out of the autoclave, the lower substrate, the upper substrate, the isolation film and the mesh fabric on the two sides of the film are removed, the grain shapes of the upper side and the lower side of the film are consistent with the grain shape of the mesh fabric, and the preparation of the middle layer film S4 is completed.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a laminated combination of two intermediate layers of film S4 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the interlayer film S4 prepared by the method 1 of the present embodiment has special lines, that is, a regular shape beneficial to air exhaust, and the lines on the two adjacent layers of interlayer films S4 are arranged correspondingly according to a certain order in the lamination extrusion process of the multiple layers of interlayer films S4, so that air between the two adjacent layers of films can be completely extracted under a certain negative pressure, the films are completely attached to each other, the air does not form closed loop, and the problem of bubbles in the interlayer film S4 in the aircraft electrically heated glass can be effectively solved.
In the second embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 3, which shows a flow chart of the steps of the method 2 for preparing electrically heated glass in the second embodiment of the present invention. The preparation method 2 of the electric heating glass comprises the following steps 201-205, wherein:
in step 201, a plurality of intermediate layer films S4 are taken. A plurality of intermediate layer sheets S4 prepared according to the preparation method 1 of the intermediate layer sheet S4 shown in the above-described one example were taken.
Specifically, a plurality of interlayer sheets S4 prepared according to the method 1 for preparing an interlayer sheet shown in the above one example were taken, and the surfaces thereof were wiped clean with isopropyl alcohol.
In step 202, a plurality of intermediate layer films are cut S4. A plurality of interlayer films S4 are cut according to the shape of each layer of glass in the electrically heated glass S.
Specifically, fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an electric heating glass S according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, each layer of glass in the electrically heated glass S specifically includes a middle layer of glass S1, a middle layer of glass S2 and an outer layer of glass S3, and a plurality of interlayer films S4 are cut according to the shapes of the middle layer of glass S1 and the outer layer of glass S3, wherein the plurality of interlayer films S4 are correspondingly stacked on the middle layer of glass S1 and the outer layer of glass S3, and the plurality of interlayer films S4 are cut along the edges of the middle layer of glass S1 and the outer layer of glass S3 by a cutter blade, but not limited thereto.
Each layer of glass in the electrically heated glass S is preferably high-alumina glass, the elements of which contain: SiO 55-65 wt%26 to 15 mass percent of Al2O38-15 mass percent of Na2O, 5-7 mass percent of MgO and 2-5 mass percent of K2O, CaO with the mass percent of 0.5-1.5 and Fe with the mass percent of less than or equal to 0.0022O3And the restB with the sum of mass percent of less than or equal to 1.52O3、ZnO、CeO2And ZrO2However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
In step 203, a plurality of intermediate layer films S4 are laid. And laying the cut intermediate layer films S4 between two adjacent layers of glass in each layer of glass according to corresponding lines, and bonding each layer of glass through the intermediate layer films S4 to form an integral structure of the electric heating glass.
Specifically, a plurality of cut interlayer films S4 are laid between the middle glass S1 and the middle glass S2 and between the middle glass S2 and the outer glass S3 according to corresponding grains, thermistors can be arranged between the middle glass S2 and the outer glass S3, and the middle glass S1, the middle glass S2 and the outer glass S3 are bonded through the plurality of interlayer films S4 to form an integral structure of the electric heating glass.
And step 204, cold press molding. And cold press molding is carried out on the electric heating glass integral structure by adopting a cold press molding technology.
Specifically, fig. 5 is a schematic view of the electric heating glass integrated structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention during cold press molding. As shown in fig. 5, the whole structure of the electric heating glass is wrapped by a sealing bag S8, an air exhaust pipeline S5 is installed at the upper opening of the sealing bag, finally, the sealing bag is sealed at the periphery by a putty strip, the air exhaust pipeline S5 on the sealing bag is connected with a negative pressure pump, the negative pressure pump is set to be negative pressure, and the sealing bag is cooled and exhausted to be negative pressure. Preferably, the negative pressure is-0.06 to-0.1 MPa, and the cold pumping time is 2 hours or more, but not limited thereto.
And step 205, hot-press forming. And carrying out hot press molding on the integral structure of the electric heating glass by adopting a hot press molding technology.
Specifically, after cold press molding is completed, the electric heating glass integral structure is placed in an autoclave, negative pressure is connected, the pressure is between-0.06 MPa and-0.1 MPa, the autoclave is started to vacuumize, the temperature is increased to 40-80 ℃, and heat preservation is carried out for 30-90 min; and after the heat preservation is finished, continuing heating, heating to 120-145 ℃, keeping the pressure pumped by the high-pressure kettle at 0.6-1.3 MPa, continuing for 60-180 min, closing the heating, releasing the pressure, opening the high-pressure kettle when the temperature is cooled to 40-60 ℃, cooling the integral structure of the electric heating glass to the normal temperature, taking out the integral structure of the electric heating glass, and finishing the preparation of the electric heating glass S.
According to the preparation method 2 of the electric heating glass S, the interlayer film S4 prepared in the embodiment is adopted, so that when each layer of glass in the electric heating glass S is bonded, air between two adjacent layers of glass can be completely pumped out under certain negative pressure, the film and the film are completely attached, closed loop sealing of the air cannot be formed, and the problem that bubbles appear in the interlayer film S4 in the electric heating glass S of the airplane can be effectively solved.
Meanwhile, in the preparation method 2 of the electric heating glass, the film is subjected to the prefabricated middle layer film S4 with lines, only 2 hours are needed during air suction, and the air suction time in the prior art is at least 10 hours, so that the air suction efficiency can be improved, the operation time is shortened, the cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
In addition, referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, in the method 2 for manufacturing electrically heated glass of the present embodiment, the number of the auxiliary air exhaust system S6 and the air exhaust duct S5 does not need to be increased, so that the optical performance of the edge portion of the electrically heated glass S of the aircraft and the cleanliness of the interlayer film S4 in the electrically heated glass of the aircraft can be ensured.
In the three embodiments of the present invention, the application of the method 1 for preparing interlayer film and the method 2 for preparing electrically heated glass of the present invention in the process of preparing electrically heated glass products is shown. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: selecting high-aluminum plate glass, selecting a part without defects on the surface, cutting the high-aluminum plate glass into product sizes by using a diamond numerical control cutting machine, and respectively using the product sizes as outer layer glass, middle layer glass and inner layer glass;
step 2: grinding and chamfering the edges of the cut outer layer glass, the cut middle layer glass and the cut inner layer glass by using a numerical control edge grinding machine to form a C-shaped chamfer with uniform upper and lower edges;
step 3, corroding edge areas of the outer layer glass, the middle layer glass and the inner layer glass respectively with ink to form unique identifiers, so that tracking and tracing are facilitated;
and 4, step 4: placing the outer layer glass, the middle layer glass and the inner layer glass on a tool according to a certain sequence for hot bending, heating to the softening point of the glass, and utilizing the self weight of the glass for forming to enable the outer layer glass, the middle layer glass and the inner layer glass to be attached to a mold to obtain curved surface glass;
and 5: carrying out chemical tempering on the outer layer glass, the middle layer glass and the inner layer glass after bending: preheating in a preheating box at 300 +/-20 ℃ for 20-40 min, entering a salt tank after preheating, placing KNO3 salt solution with the purity of more than 99 wt% in the salt tank as main molten salt, keeping the temperature of the salt tank at 400-430 ℃ for 12-36 h, dripping salt for 5-10 min after strengthening, cleaning with citric acid solution and then with a cleaning agent, and finally cleaning the surfaces of outer-layer glass, middle-layer glass and inner-layer glass with deionized water;
step 6: placing the outer layer glass, the middle layer glass and the inner layer glass in a film coating machine, heating to a certain temperature, controlling the power and the traveling speed of magnetron sputtering, prefabricating silver paste and bonding a braided belt to realize the heating uniformity function of the glass;
and 7: polishing the prefabricated film: placing a layer of mesh cloth with special grains on the upper and lower sides of the film, placing isolation films on the two sides of the mesh cloth, clamping the isolation films on the two sides by two pieces of plate glass, wrapping the glass by a sealing bag, connecting an air exhaust pipeline, and sealing edges by using putty strips. The air exhaust pipe on the sealing bag is connected with a negative pressure pump to set negative pressure, the pressure is between-0.06 MPa and-0.1 MPa, and the cold pumping time is more than or equal to 2 h. Placing the plate glass subjected to cold pumping into an autoclave, connecting negative pressure, keeping the pressure between-0.06 MPa and-0.1 MPa, starting the autoclave for vacuumizing, heating to 40-80 ℃ for 30-90 min, continuing to heat after heat preservation is finished, heating to 120-145 ℃ and keeping the pressure in the autoclave at 0.6-1.3 MPa for 60-180 min, closing heating and cooling to 40-60 ℃, releasing pressure, opening an autoclave door, and cooling the plate glass to normal temperature;
and 8: removing the flat glass, the isolating film and the screen cloth on the two sides of the film, wherein the grain shapes of the upper side and the lower side of the film are consistent with the grain shape of the screen cloth, so that the preparation of the intermediate layer film is completed, the intermediate layer film is used as an intermediate layer film layer of the electric heating glass of the airplane, and the film is more beneficial to cold pumping and exhausting in the processes of secondary lamination and hot pressing through the butt joint of grains;
and step 9: wiping the surface of the prepared middle-layer film with isopropanol, stacking the film on the inner-layer glass of the electric heating glass of the airplane, cutting the required number of films along the edge of the inner-layer glass by a blade, and paving the cut films between the inner-layer glass and the middle-layer glass according to certain lines and sequence;
step 10: the method comprises the following steps of (1) stacking cleaned middle-layer films on outer-layer glass of the electric heating glass of the airplane, cutting required number of films along the edge of the outer-layer glass by a blade, laying and arranging thermistors between the outer-layer glass and the middle-layer glass according to certain lines and sequence, measuring the distance from the edge of the outer-layer glass to the edge of the middle-layer glass by a steel ruler, and controlling the relative position;
step 11: electrically heating the glass of the airplane, wrapping the glass by a sealing bag, installing an exhaust tube at an upper opening of the sealing bag, and finally sealing the edge of the sealing bag by a putty strip at the periphery;
step 12: connecting an exhaust tube on the sealing bag with a negative pressure pump, wherein the set negative pressure is between-0.06 MPa and-0.1 MPa, and the cold pumping time is more than or equal to 2 h;
step 13: placing the electric heating glass subjected to cold pumping into an autoclave, connecting negative pressure, keeping the pressure between-0.06 MPa and-0.1 MPa, starting the autoclave for vacuumizing, heating to 40-80 ℃ for 30-90 min, continuing to heat after heat preservation is finished, heating to 120-145 ℃ and keeping the pressure in the autoclave at 0.6-1.3 MPa for 60-180 min, closing heating and cooling to 40-60 ℃, releasing pressure, opening an autoclave door, and cooling the electric heating glass of the airplane to normal temperature;
step 14: placing the airplane electric heating glass on a lower die of a special bonding tool, positioning through a die limiting device, closing an upper die, injecting glue into the reserved glue injection holes according to a certain sequence until the silica gel overflows, and demolding after the silica gel is cured for 24-48 hours;
step 15: uniformly coating the lapping area of the outer layer glass and the silica gel with waterproof glue;
step 16: and connecting the heating wire and the thermistor wire into the aviation plug and bonding the heating wire and the thermistor wire by using waterproof glue to finish the preparation of the electric heating glass of the airplane.
The prepared airplane electric heating glass is prepared according to GJB 150.3A-2009 part 3 of military equipment laboratory environment test method: the test results of the standard tests of the high-temperature test meet the requirements, so that the feasibility and the stability of the preparation method 1 of the interlayer film and the preparation method 2 of the electric heating glass are verified.
The foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the invention, but as aforementioned, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the interlayer film is used for enhancing the exhaust function of the electric heating glass interlayer film and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking a lower-layer matrix, an isolation film, a mesh cloth with grains specially made, a rubber sheet and an upper-layer matrix;
sequentially stacking and laying the isolating film layer, the mesh cloth layer, the isolating film layer and the upper substrate layer on the lower substrate layer to form an integral structure;
cold press molding is carried out on the integral structure by adopting a cold press molding technology, when the integral structure is subjected to cold press molding, the negative pressure is-0.06 to-0.1 MPa, and the cold pumping time is more than or equal to 2 hours;
the integral structure is subjected to hot press molding by adopting a hot press molding technology, and the method for carrying out hot press molding on the integral structure specifically comprises the following steps:
placing the integral structure in an autoclave, connecting negative pressure, starting the autoclave for vacuumizing, raising the temperature to 40-80 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 30-90 min;
continuing heating after the heat preservation is finished, heating to 120-145 ℃, keeping the pressure of the high-pressure kettle at 0.6-1.3 MPa, continuing for 60-180 min, stopping heating, releasing pressure and opening the high-pressure kettle when the temperature is cooled to 40-60 ℃, cooling the integral structure to normal temperature and taking out;
and removing the lower-layer matrix, the upper-layer matrix, the isolating film and the mesh cloth on the two sides of the film, wherein the grain shapes of the upper side and the lower side of the film are consistent with the grain shape of the mesh cloth, and the preparation of the middle-layer film is finished.
2. The method for preparing an interlayer film according to claim 1, wherein the method for cold press forming the monolithic structure comprises the following steps:
wrapping the integral structure by using a sealing bag, installing an air exhaust pipeline at an upper opening of the sealing bag, and sealing the edge of the sealing bag by using a putty strip at the periphery of the sealing bag;
and connecting the air exhaust pipeline on the sealing bag with a negative pressure pump, setting negative pressure for the negative pressure pump, and carrying out cold pumping on the sealing bag to the negative pressure.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the film has regular patterns on its upper and lower sides and a shape that facilitates air release.
4. The preparation method of the electric heating glass is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
taking a plurality of intermediate layer films prepared by the method for preparing the intermediate layer films according to any one of the claims 1 to 3;
cutting the plurality of interlayer films according to the shape of each layer of glass in the electric heating glass;
laying the cut interlayer films between two adjacent layers of glass in each layer of glass according to corresponding lines of the interlayer films, and bonding the glass layers through the interlayer films to form an integral structure of the electric heating glass;
cold press molding is carried out on the electric heating glass integral structure by adopting a cold press molding technology;
and carrying out hot press molding on the integral structure of the electric heating glass by adopting a hot press molding technology.
5. The method for preparing electric heating glass according to claim 4, wherein each layer of glass specifically comprises inner layer glass, middle layer glass and outer layer glass, the plurality of middle layer films are cut according to the shapes of the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass, and the cut middle layer films are laid between the inner layer glass and the middle layer glass and between the middle layer glass and the outer layer glass according to corresponding lines, so that the inner layer glass, the middle layer glass and the outer layer glass are bonded through the plurality of middle layer films to form the integral structure of the electric heating glass.
6. The method for preparing electric heating glass according to claim 4, wherein the method for cold press forming the electric heating glass integral structure comprises the following steps:
wrapping the whole structure of the electric heating glass by using a sealing bag, installing an air exhaust pipeline at an upper opening of the sealing bag, and sealing the edge of the sealing bag by using a putty strip at the periphery of the sealing bag;
and connecting the air exhaust pipeline on the sealing bag with a negative pressure pump, setting negative pressure for the negative pressure pump, and carrying out cold pumping on the sealing bag to the negative pressure.
7. The method for preparing electric heating glass according to claim 4 or 6, wherein the negative pressure is-0.06-0.1 MPa and the cold pumping time is 2 hours or more when the integral structure is subjected to cold press molding.
8. The method for preparing the electric heating glass according to claim 4, wherein the method for hot press forming the integral structure of the electric heating glass comprises the following steps:
placing the electric heating glass integral structure in an autoclave, connecting negative pressure, starting the autoclave to vacuumize, raising the temperature to 40-80 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30-90 min, wherein the pressure is-0.06-0.1 MPa;
and after the heat preservation is finished, continuing heating, heating to 120-145 ℃, keeping the pressure pumped by the high-pressure kettle at 0.6-1.3 MPa for 60-180 min, stopping heating, releasing pressure, opening the high-pressure kettle when the temperature is cooled to 40-60 ℃, cooling the integral structure of the electric heating glass to the normal temperature, and taking out.
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| TW524784B (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2003-03-21 | Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd | Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass |
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| CN103482887A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2014-01-01 | 长春石油化学股份有限公司 | Interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass containing same |
| CN109890610A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2019-06-14 | 可乐丽欧洲有限责任公司 | The manufacturing method of laminated glass comprising functional membrane |
| CN107554041A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-09 | 福建省万达汽车玻璃工业有限公司 | A kind of production method of laminated glass on rapid |
| CN108583046B (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2020-10-23 | 晋江市永固纺织涂层有限公司 | Leather transfer film with cloth texture and preparation process thereof |
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