CN111251607A - Manufacturing method of 3D printing intelligent integrated protective mask - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of 3D printing intelligent integrated protective mask Download PDFInfo
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- CN111251607A CN111251607A CN202010178644.5A CN202010178644A CN111251607A CN 111251607 A CN111251607 A CN 111251607A CN 202010178644 A CN202010178644 A CN 202010178644A CN 111251607 A CN111251607 A CN 111251607A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/48—Wearing apparel
- B29L2031/4807—Headwear
- B29L2031/4835—Masks
Abstract
A manufacturing method of a 3D printing intelligent integrated protective mask belongs to the field of 3D printing technology and medical protective equipment. The invention is as follows: a manufacturing method of an intelligent integrated protective mask with a lens anti-fog function, a body temperature real-time monitoring function and a one-way gas flow mouth-nose separation type. The method comprises the steps of designing and optimizing a main body model of the protective mask by using software such as SolidWorks and Magics, verifying whether the comprehensive performance of the designed model reaches the expectation or not through finite element simulation, slicing the finally optimized model, guiding the sliced model into SLS or FDM 3D printing equipment, and manufacturing the main body of the mask according to certain printing parameters; the printed object is assembled by combining a series of post-processing and additional devices, and finally the intelligent integrated protective mask which has excellent mechanical property, good sealing performance, light weight, comfort, lens antifogging function, body temperature real-time monitoring function and one-way gas flow mouth-nose separation is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a 3D printing technology and a manufacturing method of an integrated protective mask, belongs to the field of additive manufacturing and the field of medical protectors, and particularly relates to a 3D printing intelligent integrated protective mask prepared by an FDM or SLS technology.
Background
At present, the prevention and control of new coronavirus pneumonia epidemic situation enters a key period, and people in China are carrying hands concentrically and crowding into a city, and are full-strength to resist the epidemic situation. Under the epidemic situation, the medical staff and the first-line workers do not need to worry about fighting and fight at night and day after day at the first line of resisting the epidemic situation. The current epidemic situation is still lasting, and daily medical material consumes greatly, and especially the material such as goggles, gauze mask, protective clothing is very scarce.
In addition, although conventional eyewear and masks provide functional protection to the front-line, they suffer from a number of drawbacks that can be improved upon. For example, a traditional mask is generally integrated with the mouth and the nose, and when the mask is worn for a long time, gas containing various peculiar smells and germs exhaled from the mouth can be inhaled again, and airflow circulation blockage can be caused, so that the breathing of a wearer is not smooth. We have also noticed that medical goggles, masks, full body protective clothing are all provided with a very good air tightness in order to keep the body of the medical staff, especially the eyes, mouth and nose, completely isolated from the outside. However, the high labor intensity may cause the medical staff to sweat a lot, and the sweat evaporates to form water vapor, and when the water vapor meets the goggles with a low surface temperature, the water vapor condenses on the inner surface of the goggles to form condensation. In the Hujian beauty of the major first hospital of Shanxi medical science, aiming at the problem that the goggles are easy to generate fog during comprehensive protection, the measures of smearing the lens by the antifogging agent, sealing the upper edge of the mask by the indwelling needle sticking film and wiping the lens by the liquid detergent are provided, but the mode is too complicated and the working efficiency is influenced. Moreover, because the traditional goggles frame needs to be tightly attached to the face, the face of a medical worker who wears the goggles frame is indented, the face of the medical worker is injured after the medical worker wears the goggles frame for a long time, and the work efficiency of the worker is greatly influenced.
The integral type protective facial mask that we designed needs towards this epidemic situation, because medical personnel's operational environment's high risk, in the face of the extremely strong virus of infectivity, also is especially important to medical personnel's body temperature detection, therefore integral type protective facial mask is equipped with body temperature sensor and comes real-time supervision medical personnel's health status. How to rapidly produce required protective equipment and improve the defects of the traditional mask and goggles is an innovation point of the integrated protective mask while the key point to be solved by the project is.
With the progress and development of 3D printing technology, 3D printing technology is applied more widely in the medical industry. Due to the unique forming mode of 3D printing, the method has obvious advantages in the aspect of personalized customization of products. Therefore, we propose to develop a 3D printed intelligent integrated protective mask using SLS or FDM 3D printing technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a manufacturing method of an intelligent integrated protective mask based on an SLS or FDM 3D printing technology.
The invention is realized by the following materials and devices: nylon PA2200 powder and SLS 3D printer or PLA and FDM 3D printer.
1. A manufacturing method of a 3D printing intelligent integrated protective mask is characterized in that a mask and goggles are of an integrated structure, the mask has a mouth-nose separation function of one-way airflow and a body temperature detection device, and manufacturing is performed in a 3D printing mode;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) ①, designing the breathing mouth mask part structurally, dividing the breathing space of the oral cavity and the nasal cavity into two parts by a partition plate according to the design concept of 'mouth-nose separation', wherein the partition plate is provided with a conical through hole array structure with the upper surface close to the nose having a diameter of 2-3 mm and the lower surface close to the mouth having a diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm;
② goggles has an anti-fog function, the goggle frame is made of nylon PA2200 material or PLA material and has a structure thickness of 2-2.5 mm, the lenses are made of acrylic plates and have a thickness of 4-5 mm, the temperature difference of the surface of the goggle frame is far greater than the temperature difference of the surface of the lenses ③, and a groove structure is designed at the top of the protective mask and used for accommodating a body temperature sensor
2) Manufacturing protective mask through selective laser sintering 3D printing technology
① printing parameters comprise 50-130W of laser power, 1000-2000 mm/s of scanning speed, 0.08-0.13 mm of spot diameter, 0.06-0.12% of powder supply rate, 2.5-2.8% of circulating air rate, 0.09-0.12 mm of layer thickness and 167-171 ℃ of preheating temperature;
② post-treatment process, namely performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the protective mask made of SLS, then putting the protective mask into an ultrasonic oscillator for 2-3 minutes, and cleaning the redundant powder on the surface of the protective mask by alcohol;
fabrication by fused deposition Fabrication (FDM)3D printing technique:
printing parameters: the preheating temperature is 150-200 ℃, the thickness of the printing layer is 0.1-0.5 mm, the printing speed is 30-120 mm/s, the flow rate of the spray head is 24cc/h, and the filling rate is 50-100%.
The contact part of the protective mask and the face of a human body is provided with a round chamfer groove, the diameter of the round chamfer is 0.5mm, and the width of the groove is 0.5 mm.
The left side and the right side of the main structure of the mirror frame and the mask are respectively provided with a rope belt perforation which passes through the through hole through the elastic belt and bypasses the back neck and the back brain of the human body for fixation.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
design of model by using three-dimensional modeling software
Design goggles, gauze mask structure, through the through-hole structure that increases the array on gauze mask major structure surface, realize the circulation of air and reduce the whole weight of face guard. Designing an oral-nasal separation baffle and a filter element interlayer structure; designing a groove for placing a body temperature sensor; and carrying out structure local optimization, Boolean operation and integral assembly to finally obtain a complete protective mask model.
Secondly, carrying out correlation performance simulation on the involved models
The treated model was imported into ANSYS. Aiming at the mechanical property of the mask, the static anti-compression property of the mask is verified by adding a fixed load, and the damage degree of the mask to a structure after falling off the ground is verified by collision simulation. The antifogging performance of the goggles was verified by thermodynamic simulation as well as by fluid simulation. And modifying and optimizing the model through the feedback of the simulation result until the model meets the required performance.
Thirdly, 3D printing manufacturing process is carried out
SLS forming mode: slicing the model, and importing the sliced model into 3D printing equipment; cleaning equipment, preheating, setting printing parameters, setting laser power of 50-130W, scanning speed of 1000-2000 mm/s, spot diameter of 0.08-0.13 mm, powder supply rate of 0.06-0.12%, circulating air rate of 2.5-2.8, layer thickness of 0.09-0.12 mm, and preheating temperature of 167-171 ℃.
After the forming process is finished, cooling is carried out for 10-15 hours, then sand blasting treatment is carried out on the surface of the protective mask made of SLS through 1.5mm glass beads, the surface of the protective mask is made to be smoother, then the protective mask is placed into an ultrasonic oscillator of 0.4W/cm2 to be vibrated for 2-3 minutes, and redundant powder on the surface of the protective mask is cleaned up through alcohol.
FDM forming mode: slicing the model, guiding the sliced model into equipment, putting the PLA wire into the equipment, setting the preheating temperature to be 150-200 ℃, the printing layer thickness to be 0.1-0.5 mm, the printing speed to be 30-120 mm/s, the flow rate of a spray head to be 24cc/h, and the filling rate to be 50-100%.
After a formed object is obtained, passing a customized elastic band with the width of 2-4 mm through the through hole for fixing; putting the KN95 mask filter element into the baffle interlayer of the mouth and nose part; cutting the acrylic plate by using a laser cutting machine according to the size of the model to manufacture a lens, and embedding the lens into the groove of the mirror frame; and finally, placing the body temperature sensor into the groove at the top.
The invention has the following innovations:
(1) the protective mask and the goggles are integrally designed and manufactured, the advantages of 3D printing are fully exerted, the sealing performance is excellent, and pollutants such as droplets, dust, pollen and the like can be effectively isolated. Through combining goggles and gauze mask two to an organic whole and the design of its convenience, the user can easily dress labour saving and time saving.
(2) The design of traditional gauze mask is mouth nose is integrative usually, and the gas of mouth nose exhalation can mix together, influences the breathing impression, and originally send the baffle through having circular cone through-hole with the breathing space separation of mouth nose to the air current direction can only flow into the breathing space of oral cavity by the gas of nasal cavity exhalation, has so both guaranteed that the thermal current can not influence eyes, also can not wear the impression because the gaseous taste influence in oral cavity.
(3) The traditional mask is fixed by hanging the straps on the ears. Although reasonable, the fixing mode can cause hurting to the ears of the user after long-time wearing. The invention uses a novel bandage design, the bandage is not contacted with the ear, but is fixed at the position of the hindbrain by a fixing device, and the fixing device adopts a comfortable and light structural design and does not cause any discomfort to a user.
(4)3D prints intelligent integrated protective mask's goggles has good anti-fogging characteristic, and the mode of its realization makes the inside and outside difference in temperature at lens position far less than the temperature difference at picture frame position through the optimal design of structure to let picture frame position preferentially generate water smoke and in time get rid of, prevent the lens fog in order to realize.
(5) Compared with a disposable mask, the durable mask has the biggest defects that the mask is not light enough in weight and can generate uncomfortable feelings such as ache and the like after being worn for a long time. In order to improve the problems, the 3D printing intelligent integrated protective mask adopts a porous structure design with optimized topology, and through the porous structure, the mechanical property requirement of use is guaranteed, the weight can be greatly reduced, and the comfort is greatly improved.
(6) The design of the infrared temperature sensor of the intelligent integrated protective mask printed by the 3D is realized by installing an infrared body temperature sensor above goggles, so that the body temperature of a user can be monitored in real time, whether medical personnel have heating symptoms or not can be detected, and the health condition of a wearer can be paid attention to in time.
(7) The manufacturing mode of FDM or SLS 3D printing is selected, support does not need to be added in FDM and SLS processes, the model appearance can be truly restored, and a designer does not need to consider the manufacturing difficulty, so that the design of a workpiece can be designed from an integrated concept, the strength and the reliability of parts are improved, the production period is shortened, and meanwhile personalized customization can be achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a baffle plate designed for one-way airflow mouth-nose separation function of an intelligent integrated protective mask
FIG. 2 shows perforation of elastic strap
FIG. 3 is a groove for placing a temperature sensor
FIG. 4 shows the tapered hole and the sliding slot of the nose-mouth separation baffle
Mouth-nose separated mask division baffle-1
Elastic lace perforations-2
Groove-3 for placing temperature sensor
Separation baffle taper hole-4
Separating baffle sliding clamping groove-5
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
1. the structure of the goggles frame and the mouth mask is designed by using Solidworks, and the array through hole structure is additionally arranged on the surface of the main structure of the mouth mask. Designing an oral-nasal separation baffle and a filter element interlayer structure; designing a groove for placing a body temperature sensor; and performing local optimization, Boolean operation and integral assembly on the structure by using Magics to finally obtain a complete protective mask model.
2. Finite element simulation of a preliminarily designed model using ANSYS
Static mechanics and collision simulation results:
the deformation of the face mask is less than 0.1mm under the pressure of 100N, the protective face mask falls off the ground from 2m higher, and the structural deformation of the protective face mask is less than 2.8 multiplied by 10-4mm。
Thermodynamic simulation and fluid results:
the temperature distribution of the protective mask worn by a human body is simulated, at room temperature, in 4 hours, the temperature difference inside and outside the lens is far lower than that inside and outside the lens frame, and fog is generated on the surface of the lens frame and can timely flow into the bottom of the lens frame. The performance embodied by the simulation result meets the design requirement.
3. Slicing the finally optimized and determined model, importing the sliced model into SLS 3D printing equipment, and setting printing parameters: the laser power is 60W, the scanning speed is 1400mm/s, the spot diameter is 0.12mm, the powder supply rate is 0.09%, the circulating air rate is 2.5, the layer thickness is 0.12mm, the preheating temperature is 169.9 ℃, and the printing process is implemented. After the forming process is finished, cooling for 15 hours, then carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the protective mask made of SLS through 1.5mm glass beads to make the surface smoother, and then putting the protective mask into a container with the thickness of 0.4W/cm2The ultrasonic oscillation machine cleans the redundant powder on the surface of the ultrasonic oscillation machine through alcohol to obtain the complete integrated protective mask.
4. Printing by an FDM forming mode: slicing the model, guiding the model into equipment, putting the PLA wire into the equipment, setting the preheating temperature to be 200 ℃, the printing layer thickness to be 0.1mm, the printing speed to be 50mm/s, the flow rate of a spray head to be 24cc/h and the filling rate to be 98%.
5. Fixing the elastic band with the width of 2mm through the through hole; putting the KN95 mask filter element into the baffle interlayer of the mouth and nose part, and pushing the clamping groove inwards to fix the mask filter element; cutting an acrylic plate serving as a lens by using a laser cutting machine according to the size of the printing model, and embedding the acrylic plate into the groove of the mirror frame; and finally, placing the body temperature sensor in the groove.
Claims (3)
1. A manufacturing method of a 3D printing intelligent integrated protective mask is characterized in that a mask and goggles are of an integrated structure, the mask has a mouth-nose separation function of one-way airflow and a body temperature detection device, and manufacturing is performed in a 3D printing mode;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) ①, designing the breathing mouth mask part structurally, dividing the breathing space of the oral cavity and the nasal cavity into two parts by a partition plate according to the design concept of 'mouth-nose separation', wherein the partition plate is provided with a conical through hole array structure with the upper surface close to the nose having a diameter of 2-3 mm and the lower surface close to the mouth having a diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm;
② goggles has an anti-fog function, the goggle frame is made of nylon PA2200 material or PLA material and has a structure thickness of 2-2.5 mm, the lenses are made of acrylic plates and have a thickness of 4-5 mm, the temperature difference of the surface of the goggle frame is far greater than the temperature difference of the surface of the lenses ③, and a groove structure is designed at the top of the protective mask and used for accommodating a body temperature sensor
2) Manufacturing protective mask through selective laser sintering 3D printing technology
① printing parameters comprise 50-130W of laser power, 1000-2000 mm/s of scanning speed, 0.08-0.13 mm of spot diameter, 0.06-0.12% of powder supply rate, 2.5-2.8% of circulating air rate, 0.09-0.12 mm of layer thickness and 167-171 ℃ of preheating temperature;
② post-treatment process, namely performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the protective mask made of SLS, then putting the protective mask into an ultrasonic oscillator for 2-3 minutes, and cleaning the redundant powder on the surface of the protective mask by alcohol;
fabrication by fused deposition Fabrication (FDM)3D printing technique:
printing parameters: the preheating temperature is 150-200 ℃, the thickness of the printing layer is 0.1-0.5 mm, the printing speed is 30-120 mm/s, the flow rate of the spray head is 24cc/h, and the filling rate is 50-100%.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the contact part of the protective mask and the face of a human body is provided with a round chamfer groove, the diameter of the round chamfer is 0.5mm, and the width of the groove is 0.5 mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the left side and the right side of the main structure of the mirror frame and the mask are respectively provided with a rope belt perforation which passes through the through hole through the elastic belt and bypasses the back neck and the back brain of the human body for fixation.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN111838820A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-10-30 | 昆明学院 | Multipurpose mask with recyclable silica gel substrate |
| CN111905294A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-10 | 昆明学院 | Multifunctional integrated recyclable medical mask |
| CN112743835A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-04 | 聊城市东昌府区妇幼保健院 | Medical protective clothing and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112773018A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-11 | 北京工业大学 | Mask manufacturing method based on fused deposition in-situ 3D printing technology |
| CN112836335A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-05-25 | 北京工业大学 | Manufacturing method of personalized 3D printing mask based on face photo synthesis model |
| CN112848273A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-05-28 | 北京工业大学 | Manufacturing method of in-situ 3D printing customized mask based on facial feature extraction |
| CN113142703A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-07-23 | 北京工业大学 | 3D prints stereoplasm mouth nose separation gauze mask with health function |
| CN117574466A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-02-20 | 齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院) | Respiratory mask design method based on facial three-dimensional data clustering model |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112773018A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-11 | 北京工业大学 | Mask manufacturing method based on fused deposition in-situ 3D printing technology |
| CN117574466A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-02-20 | 齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院) | Respiratory mask design method based on facial three-dimensional data clustering model |
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Application publication date: 20200609 |