CN111250252B - Grinding aid for thermoplastic grinding process and grinding equipment - Google Patents
Grinding aid for thermoplastic grinding process and grinding equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111250252B CN111250252B CN201911398322.5A CN201911398322A CN111250252B CN 111250252 B CN111250252 B CN 111250252B CN 201911398322 A CN201911398322 A CN 201911398322A CN 111250252 B CN111250252 B CN 111250252B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/06—Selection or use of additives to aid disintegrating
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of grinding aids, and discloses a grinding aid for a thermoplastic grinding process, which aims at solving the problem of complex grinding aid components of the existing thermoplastic, and comprises 20-100% of inorganic salt hydrate powder and 0-80% of inorganic ammonium salt powder by mass percent. The grinding aid has simple components, increases the grindability of thermoplastic plastics, and can improve the flowability of powder. The invention also relates to the field of grinding equipment, and provides grinding equipment for a thermoplastic plastic grinding process, which comprises a closed grinding disc cavity, at least one grinding disc, a cyclone separator, a set of pipelines for connecting the grinding disc cavity and the cyclone separator, a fan for pumping ground powder from the cavity to the cyclone separator through the pipelines, and a set of dust collecting device connected with the cyclone separator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of grinding aids, in particular to a grinding aid for a thermoplastic grinding process; the invention also relates to the field of grinding equipment, in particular to grinding equipment for a thermoplastic plastic grinding process.
Background
Thermoplastic powder has a great number of applications in the fields of coating, rotational molding, sintering molding, 3D printing, cement, ceramics, etc., and grinding thermoplastic granules into powder by using a vertical millstone mill is a conventional technical means (e.g., CN101823300A, CN108311194A, etc.).
Compared with inorganic materials such as cement, ore, coal and the like, most of thermoplastic plastics are tough materials, the millstone powder making process has the defects of poor grindability, poor powder performance and the like, and the improvement of the grindability of the thermoplastic plastics is always the research direction in the industry, for example, CN101973088A adopts a secondary processing mode to improve the powder quality, and CN109535556A adopts a low-temperature powder grinding process and the like.
The grinding aid is used for reducing the energy consumption of materials in the grinding process, improving the grindability and improving the powder quality, is widely applied to the grinding process of cement, flour, ore and the like, is a very mature technology, and the grinding aid effect can be represented or evaluated by the fineness, the particle composition, the average particle size, the flowability and the like, and can also be represented by improving the efficiency of a pulverizer, reducing the pulverizing energy consumption, improving the powder performance and the like in the actual production. However, the grinding aid mechanism is not completely clear at present, and generally, the grinding aid is thought to reduce the surface energy of the material, reduce the crack propagation energy of the material, reduce the adhesion among the particles, increase the lubrication among the particles and the like, thereby improving the grinding efficiency.
At present, few grinding aids are studied in the grinding process of high polymer materials. CN108503862A reports a technical scheme of adding grinding aids such as antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, asbestos, calcium carbonate, gypsum, aluminum oxide, talcum powder, silicon dioxide and the like into grinding lignin; CN108753253A discloses a technical scheme that a mixed grinding aid mainly comprising phospholipid, nano-silica, metal oxide mixed powder, calcium bicarbonate, pretreated nano-calcium carbonate, a bacillus pasteurii bacterial liquid, urea and a calcium nitrate solution is applied to the field of waste rubber grinding; CN106827303A adopts anion exchange resin and triethanolamine to mix as grinding aid to produce rubber powder; CN103237873A ground petroleum wax using a polyol grinding aid. However, none of the above grinding aids is plastic-specific and has unsatisfactory results when used for grinding plastics.
Plastic milled grinding aids are reported: CN1341677 discloses a grinding aid used in thermoplastic polymer grinding, which includes silica, alumina, iron powder, copper powder, zinc powder, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, wollastonite, kaolin, montmorillonite, quartz, mica, graphite or cationic, anionic or nonionic organic surfactant, but the above grinding aid has complex components, and the patent does not mention grinding aid principle, grinding aid usage amount and grinding aid effect. CN106391212A uses sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, urea and ammonium chloride as solid phase grinding aids to carry out dry grinding, and then uses water, methanol and ethanol as liquid phase grinding aids to carry out wet grinding, and hydrophilic modification is carried out on polytetrafluoroethylene powder, polyvinyl chloride powder, polyethylene powder or polypropylene powder. In the technical scheme, a ball milling process is used, the proportion of the grinding aid is as high as 50% -80%, and the high polymer powder is subjected to secondary processing to achieve the purposes of refining the particle size and increasing the hydrophilicity. But the solid-phase grinding aid is needed to be used firstly and then the liquid-phase grinding aid is needed to be used, so that the steps are complicated, and the production cost is increased. Accordingly, there is a need for a grinding aid that is ideal for thermoplastic milling processes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the components of the grinding aid for the existing thermoplastic plastic are complex, the invention aims to provide the grinding aid for the thermoplastic plastic grinding process, which consists of inorganic salt hydrate powder and inorganic ammonium salt powder, and has simple components and good grinding aid effect.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the inventor provides the following technical scheme:
a grinding aid for a thermoplastic grinding process comprises the following materials in percentage by mass: 20-100% of inorganic salt hydrate powder and 0-80% of inorganic ammonium salt powder.
In the research of the applicant, the grinding mechanism of the thermoplastic is greatly different from that of cement, mineral and the like, and an important condition for limiting the grinding is as follows: the temperature of the system is increased due to friction in the grinding process, after the softening point or even the melting temperature of the thermoplastic plastic is reached, the thermoplastic plastic becomes a melt and is adhered to a grinding disc, a pipeline and a screen, so that the grinding efficiency is reduced or even stopped, and the powder tailing is formed on the high probability when the thermoplastic plastic is ground at high temperature, so that the important indexes of powder bulk density, powder flowability and the like are influenced. It is critical to effectively lower the polishing temperature. When water is directly added during grinding, the grinding yield is improved, but the powder quality (bulk density and fluidity) is seriously reduced. After a small amount of inorganic salt hydrate is added, the grindability of the thermoplastic plastics in the millstone type pulverizer can be improved, and the powder quality is improved. On the basis, a certain amount of inorganic ammonium salt is added, so that the further gain effect is achieved.
The principle of the technical scheme is that inorganic salt hydrate is influenced by high temperature in the grinding process, decomposed water absorbs heat, water is evaporated into steam and also absorbs heat, and water dissolves inorganic ammonium salt and absorbs a large amount of heat in the presence of inorganic ammonium salt. The temperature rise effect during the grinding process is thus reduced and the grindability of the thermoplastic is improved. Meanwhile, the inorganic salt hydrate is generally in a crystal shape, the hardness of the inorganic salt hydrate is higher than that of plastic, the surface of the plastic powder is smoother due to direct friction between the inorganic salt hydrate and the plastic powder in the grinding process, and the flowability of the plastic powder is improved.
Preferably, the grinding aid has a powder particle size D99 no greater than the particle size D05 of the ground thermoplastic powder. In order to facilitate the separation of the grinding aid and plastic powder and prevent the grinding aid from polluting the plastic, the particle size of the grinding aid powder is limited, so that the grinding aid powder can be conveniently separated out through air flow in a grinding link.
Preferably, the inorganic salt hydrate powder is one or more of aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, calcium bromide hexahydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, calcium sulfite dihydrate, ferric potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate, potassium magnesium sulfate hexahydrate, potassium sodium carbonate hexahydrate, potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate, lithium metaborate octahydrate, lithium hexafluorosilicate dihydrate, magnesium carbonate pentahydrate, magnesium phosphate docosanhydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, ammonium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate, ammonium magnesium chloride hexahydrate, sodium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate, disodium borate decahydrate, sodium bromide dihydrate, sodium carbonate hydrate, sodium calcium sulfate dihydrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate hydrate, sodium hydrogen sulfate hydrate, sodium phosphate hydrate, sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate, sodium heptatungstate hexahydrate, and zinc sulfate heptahydrate. Based on the fact that the grinding aid is colorless or white powder, the grinding aid itself is nontoxic, and has no requirements of safety risks such as explosion, decomposition of harmful and toxic substances and the like in the process of contacting plastics and metals and high-speed collision, and the like, the proper inorganic salt hydrate powder is screened out.
Preferably, the hydrate powder of inorganic salts decomposes water of crystallization at 30 to 100 ℃.
Preferably, the inorganic ammonium salt powder is an anhydrous compound of one or more of ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, ammonium hydrochloride, ammonium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium carbonate, and ammonium hydrogen carbonate. And the grinding aid is colorless or white powder, and the grinding aid is nontoxic and has no safety risks of explosion, decomposition of harmful and toxic substances and the like in the process of contacting with plastics and metals and colliding at high speed, so that the proper inorganic ammonium salt powder is screened out.
Preferably, the thermoplastic is a polymer material of a newtonian fluid or a pseudoplastic fluid having heat softening and cooling hardening characteristics.
Preferably, the thermoplastic is one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polystyrene, ABS, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene, polyester, polyetheretherketone, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, chlorinated polyether, or a derivative of one or more of the above thermoplastics.
A grinding device is suitable for a grinding process of the grinding aid and comprises a closed grinding disc cavity, at least one grinding disc, a cyclone separator, a set of pipelines for connecting the grinding disc cavity and the cyclone separator, a fan for pumping ground powder from the cavity to the cyclone separator through the pipelines, and a set of dust collecting device connected with the cyclone separator. The mill cavity is airtight, only exports and is connected with cyclone, and the fan will grind good powder when the mill crocus sends cyclone through the pipeline from the mill cavity, and grinding aid and plastic powder accomplish the separation in cyclone, and dust collection device is used for collecting the grinding aid, prevents environmental pollution.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the grinding aid disclosed by the invention is simple in component, inorganic salt hydrate decomposes and absorbs heat to reduce the temperature rise effect in the milling process, and inorganic ammonium salt has a further gain effect, so that the grindability of thermoplastic plastics is improved; meanwhile, the inorganic salt hydrate is generally in a crystal shape, the hardness of the inorganic salt hydrate is higher than that of plastic, the surface of the plastic powder is smoother due to direct friction between the inorganic salt hydrate and the plastic powder in the grinding process, and the flowability of the plastic powder is improved.
(2) The grinding aid is simple to use, does not need complex equipment and is easy to realize industrial operation.
(3) The powder particle size D99 of the grinding aid is not larger than the particle size D05 of the ground thermoplastic powder, so that the grinding aid can be separated out through air flow in a grinding link, and the grinding aid is suitable for being separated from the plastic powder through a cyclone separator in grinding equipment of a grinding process of the grinding aid, and is convenient to separate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. It is to be understood that the practice of the invention is not limited to the following examples, and that any variations and/or modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention. In the invention, all parts and percentages are weight units, and all equipment, raw materials and the like can be purchased from the market or are commonly used in the industry, if not specified. Unless otherwise indicated, the examples employ methods that are within the ordinary skill in the art.
The grinding equipment used in the embodiment is a millstone type pulverizer, and comprises a closed millstone cavity body provided with two millstones, wherein at least one millstone is a movable millstone, and the pulverizer also comprises a cyclone separator, a fan and a dust collecting device, wherein an outlet is arranged on the millstone cavity body and is communicated with the cyclone separator through a pipeline, the fan is positioned between the millstone cavity body and the cyclone separator and pumps ground powder to the cyclone separator through the pipeline from the millstone cavity body, grinding aid and plastic powder are separated in the cyclone separator, the cyclone separator is communicated with the dust collecting device through the pipeline, and the dust collecting device is used for collecting the grinding aid and preventing atmospheric pollution.
Example 1
Grinding aid is aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate 1Kg and ammonium hydrochloride 1Kg, mixed well with polyethylene 98Kg, and ground in a millstone type grinding mill.
Example 2
The grinding aid is 1Kg of aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, which is mixed with 99Kg of polyethylene evenly and then put into a millstone type pulverizer for pulverizing.
Example 3
Grinding aid is 0.2Kg of magnesium phosphate behenate dihydrate and 0.8Kg of ammonium sulfate, and the grinding aid and polyamide are mixed evenly and then put into a millstone type pulverizer for pulverization.
Example 4
Grinding aid is 4Kg of hydrated disodium hydrogen phosphate and 1Kg of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and is put into a millstone type pulverizer for pulverizing after being uniformly mixed with 95Kg of polycarbonate.
Comparative example 1
100Kg of polyethylene was directly put into a millstone type pulverizer to be pulverized.
Comparative example 2
The polyamide 100Kg is directly put into a millstone type pulverizer to be pulverized.
Comparative example 3
100Kg of polycarbonate was directly put into a millstone type pulverizer to be pulverized.
And (4) analyzing results: and measuring the flowability of the powder according to an ARM standard, and installing a temperature tester at the outlet of the cyclone separator to measure the temperature of the material outlet. The results of comparison of the examples are shown in the following table.
| Examples | Powder flowability s/100g | Exit temperature of the material |
| Example 1 | 25 | 59 |
| Example 2 | 26 | 63 |
| Example 3 | 30 | 82 |
| Example 4 | 24 | 60 |
| Comparative example 1 | 29 | 65 |
| Comparative example 2 | 32 | 85 |
| Comparative example 3 | 27 | 70 |
As can be seen from the table, the addition of a small amount of the grinding aid of the present invention to the plastic reduced the exit temperature of the powder and increased the powder flowability.
Claims (3)
1. A grinding aid for a thermoplastic grinding process is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 20-100% of inorganic salt hydrate powder, 0-80% of inorganic ammonium salt powder and 100% of inorganic salt hydrate powder are excluded; decomposing inorganic salt hydrate powder at 30-100 deg.c to obtain crystal water; the inorganic ammonium salt powder is one or more anhydrous compounds of ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, ammonium hydrochloride, ammonium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium carbonate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate; thermoplastic refers to a polymer material of Newtonian fluid or pseudoplastic fluid with the characteristics of softening by heating and hardening by cooling; the powder particle size D99 of the grinding aid is not larger than the particle size D05 of the ground thermoplastic powder.
2. The grinding aid of claim 1 wherein the hydrated powder of inorganic salt is aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, calcium bromide hexahydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, calcium sulfite dihydrate, ferric potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate, potassium magnesium sulfate hexahydrate, potassium sodium carbonate hexahydrate, potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate, lithium metaborate octahydrate, lithium silicate dihydrate, magnesium carbonate pentahydrate, magnesium phosphate behenate dihydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, ammonium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate, ammonium magnesium chloride hexahydrate, sodium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate, disodium borate decahydrate, sodium bromide dihydrate, sodium carbonate hydrate, sodium calcium sulfate dihydrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate hydrate, sodium hydrogen sulfate hydrate, sodium phosphate hydrate, sodium decahydrate, sodium pyrophosphate hexadecahydrate, sodium heptatungstate hexahydrate, sodium pyrophosphate hexahydrate, sodium borate decahydrate, sodium borate hydrate, sodium bromide hydrate, sodium carbonate hydrate, sodium sulfate dihydrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate hydrate, sodium hydrogen sulfate hydrate, sodium phosphate, sodium decahydrate, sodium pyrophosphate heptahydrate, one or more of zinc sulfate heptahydrate.
3. The grinding aid for thermoplastic milling of claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic is one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene vinyl acetate, polystyrene, ABS, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene, polyester, polyetheretherketone, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, chlorinated polyether, or a derivative of one or more of the foregoing thermoplastics.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911398322.5A CN111250252B (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Grinding aid for thermoplastic grinding process and grinding equipment |
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| CN201911398322.5A CN111250252B (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Grinding aid for thermoplastic grinding process and grinding equipment |
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| CN111250252B true CN111250252B (en) | 2021-07-09 |
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| CN111994975A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-27 | 安徽鑫固环保股份有限公司 | Recycling method of cyclohexanone wastewater |
| CN111908671B (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2023-11-14 | 国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Method and device for preventing scaling of desulfurization wastewater concentration system |
| CN112743706A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-05-04 | 上海丽科高分子材料有限公司 | Thermoplastic plastic grinding process |
| CN116023726B (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-10-03 | 神华(北京)新材料科技有限公司 | Resin composition, resin powder material, preparation method and application thereof |
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| JP2017210398A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2017-11-30 | デンカ株式会社 | Cement grinding aid and method for producing cement composition using the same |
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Denomination of invention: Grinding aids and grinding equipment for thermoplastic grinding process Effective date of registration: 20221129 Granted publication date: 20210709 Pledgee: China Construction Bank Corporation Cixi sub branch Pledgor: ZHEJIANG ROTOUN PLASTIC TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022330003313 |
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Address after: 315323 588 Industrial Avenue, Shengshan Town, Cixi City, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: ZHEJIANG ROTOUN PLASTIC TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 315323 588 Industrial Avenue, Shengshan Town, Cixi City, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: ZHEJIANG ROTOUN PLASTIC TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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