CN111246347A - Vibrating diaphragm and loudspeaker - Google Patents
Vibrating diaphragm and loudspeaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN111246347A CN111246347A CN202010234078.5A CN202010234078A CN111246347A CN 111246347 A CN111246347 A CN 111246347A CN 202010234078 A CN202010234078 A CN 202010234078A CN 111246347 A CN111246347 A CN 111246347A
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
- H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2307/025—Diaphragms comprising polymeric materials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vibrating diaphragm and a loudspeaker. Wherein the diaphragm comprises at least one thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer. The technical scheme of the invention can improve the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the vibrating diaphragm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acoustic products, in particular to a vibrating diaphragm and a loudspeaker using the vibrating diaphragm.
Background
With the improvement of high power, waterproof and high sound quality requirements of the loudspeaker, the product of using the elastomer material with both rigidity and flexibility as the loudspeaker diaphragm is popularized. The thermoplastic elastomer has good thermal plasticity, is easy to process and has a wider hardness range, so that the thermoplastic elastomer is widely applied to loudspeaker diaphragms. However, when the thermoplastic elastomer material is used as the loudspeaker diaphragm, because of the structural design of the loudspeaker, in order to achieve higher performance and larger displacement, the heat generated by the voice coil is increased, if the heat dissipation is limited, the local temperature near the voice coil is too high, and the heat resistance of the thermoplastic elastomer material is poor, the thermoplastic elastomer material is easily subjected to larger irreversible displacement, even fracture, and the risk of loudspeaker performance loss is caused. In addition, the chemical resistance of the thermoplastic elastomer material is poor, and in the using process, low-molecular-weight chemicals easily permeate into the elastomer to swell, so that the vibration diaphragm structure deforms, and the acoustic performance loss or product failure of the loudspeaker can be caused.
The above is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, and does not represent an admission that the above is prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a vibrating diaphragm and a loudspeaker, and aims to improve the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the vibrating diaphragm.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a diaphragm comprising at least one thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer.
Alternatively, the material of the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer is at least one selected from the group consisting of a thermally reversible covalently crosslinked polyester-based elastomer, a thermally reversible covalently crosslinked polyurethane-based elastomer, a thermally reversible covalently crosslinked silicone-based elastomer, a thermally reversible covalently crosslinked acrylic rubber elastomer, a thermally reversible covalently crosslinked olefinic elastomer, and a thermally reversible covalently crosslinked styrenic elastomer.
Optionally, the material of the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer is the thermally reversible D-a covalently crosslinked elastomer.
Optionally, the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer has an elongation at break of greater than 200%; and/or the thermoreversible covalent crosslinking elastomer layer has a thermoreversible decrosslinking temperature of from 80 ℃ to 250 ℃.
Optionally, the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer has a tensile modulus in the range of 1MPa to 600 MPa; and/or the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer has a thickness in the range of 5 μm to 200 μm.
Optionally, the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer is provided with at least two layers, and two adjacent thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layers are connected by thermal compression or by a glue layer.
Optionally, the diaphragm further includes a thermoplastic elastomer layer, the thermoplastic elastomer layer is one of the surface layers or the intermediate layer of the diaphragm, and the thermoplastic elastomer layer and the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer are connected by hot pressing or through a glue layer.
Optionally, the material of the thermoplastic elastomer layer is at least one selected from polyester thermoplastic elastomers, polyurethane thermoplastic elastomers, polyamide thermoplastic elastomers, polystyrene thermoplastic elastomers, polyolefin thermoplastic elastomers, and dynamic vulcanized rubber/thermoplastic blend thermoplastic elastomers.
Optionally, the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer is provided with a layer, the thermoplastic elastomer layer being thermally compression bonded or bonded by a glue layer to the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer; or the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer is provided with two layers, the two thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layers are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the thermoplastic elastomer layer, and the thermoplastic elastomer layer and the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer are connected in a hot-pressing manner or through a glue layer; or the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer is provided with a plurality of layers, the thermoplastic elastomer layer is provided with a plurality of layers, the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer and the plurality of layers are arranged in a stacked manner, at least one surface layer of the vibrating diaphragm is the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer, and the two adjacent layers are connected through a glue layer or connected through hot pressing.
Optionally, the diaphragm further includes a plastic substrate layer, the plastic substrate layer is one of the surface layers or the middle layer of the diaphragm, and the plastic substrate layer is connected with the thermally reversible covalent crosslinking elastomer layer through hot pressing or through a glue layer.
Optionally, the material of the plastic substrate layer is selected from at least one of polyether ether ketone, polyarylate, polyetherimide, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene naphthalate and polyethylene terephthalate.
Optionally, the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer is provided with a layer, and the plastic substrate layer is connected with the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer by hot pressing or by a glue layer; or the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer is provided with two layers, the two thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layers are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the plastic substrate layer, and the plastic substrate layer is connected with the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer in a hot-pressing mode or through a glue layer; or, the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer is provided with a plurality of layers, the plastic substrate layer is provided with a plurality of layers, a plurality of layers the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer and the plurality of layers the plastic substrate layer is stacked, just at least one surface layer of the vibrating diaphragm is the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer, and two adjacent layers are connected through a glue layer or connected through hot pressing.
Optionally, the vibrating diaphragm further includes a thermoplastic elastomer layer and a plastic substrate layer, the thermoplastic elastomer layer, the plastic substrate layer and the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer are connected by hot pressing or through a glue layer, and at least one surface layer of the vibrating diaphragm is the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer.
The invention also provides a loudspeaker, which comprises a ball top part, a folded ring part and a voice coil, wherein the folded ring part is arranged at the edge position of the loudspeaker, the ball top part is connected to one side of the folded ring part, the voice coil is connected to the other side of the folded ring part, the ball top part and/or the folded ring part is a vibrating diaphragm, and the vibrating diaphragm comprises at least one layer of thermally reversible covalent crosslinking elastomer layer.
Optionally, the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer of the diaphragm is disposed toward the voice coil.
According to the technical scheme, the vibrating diaphragm comprises at least one thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer, and the vibrating diaphragm is made of a thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer material, so that the vibrating diaphragm can show good heat resistance and chemical resistance. Meanwhile, the diaphragm has the characteristic of convenient processing due to thermal plasticity at high temperature, so that the processing cost can be effectively reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the diaphragm is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm in a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of storage modulus versus temperature for comparative and modified samples;
FIG. 10 is a graph of the THD curve performance of the control and modified samples;
fig. 11 is a plot of the HOHD curve performance for the comparative and modified samples.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) |
| 100 | |
200 | |
| 10 | Thermally reversible covalently crosslinked |
210 | Folded |
| 20 | |
220 | Ball top |
| 30 | |
230 | |
| 40 | Plastic substrate layer |
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a diaphragm 100 applied to a loudspeaker 200.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the diaphragm 100 of the present invention, the diaphragm 100 includes at least one thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer 10.
Here, the number of layers of the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 may be one or more, and in the case of a plurality of layers, a plurality of thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layers 10 are stacked. The thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer is an existing material, polymer molecular chains exist in a covalent bond form at the working temperature of the loudspeaker 200, and a cross-linked net structure exists, so that compared with a thermoplastic elastomer material, the material has higher strength, heat resistance, chemical resistance and thermal stability and shows the characteristics of a thermosetting elastomer; the covalent cross-linking bond of the thermal reversible covalent cross-linking elastomer material can be broken at a higher temperature, and the linear macromolecule is obtained again on the premise of not damaging the macromolecular chain structure of the polymer material framework, so that the thermoplastic processing of the cross-linking material is realized, and the thermal plasticity is shown. It is understood that the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomeric material has the characteristics of a thermoset material under operating conditions, such as good performance stability, heat resistance, and chemical resistance. When the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer material is used as the diaphragm 100, the diaphragm 100 can have good heat resistance and chemical resistance. Meanwhile, the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer material has the characteristic of convenient processing due to thermal plasticity at high temperature, and can effectively reduce the processing cost when used as the diaphragm 100 of the loudspeaker 200.
In addition, because the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer is an elastomer material, when the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer is used for the vibrating diaphragm 100, the vibrating diaphragm 100 material can be ensured to have better resilience, and the requirements of high performance, high fidelity tone quality and high resilience of a loudspeaker 200 product are met.
The conventional thermally reversible covalent crosslinked elastomer is generally obtained by modifying a thermosetting rubber or a thermoplastic elastomer and introducing a reversible crosslinking bond, and has good thermoplastic heat.
Therefore, it can be understood that, according to the technical solution of the present invention, the diaphragm 100 includes at least one layer of the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10, where the diaphragm 100 uses a thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer material, and may exhibit good heat resistance and chemical resistance. Meanwhile, the diaphragm has the characteristic of convenient processing due to thermal plasticity at high temperature, so that the processing cost can be effectively reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the diaphragm 100 is reduced.
Alternatively, the material of the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 is selected from at least one of thermally reversible covalently crosslinked polyester-based elastomers, thermally reversible covalently crosslinked polyurethane-based elastomers, thermally reversible covalently crosslinked silicone-based elastomers, thermally reversible covalently crosslinked acrylic rubber elastomers, thermally reversible covalently crosslinked olefinic elastomers, and thermally reversible covalently crosslinked styrenic elastomers.
The elastomer materials are all existing materials, and when the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer 10 is selected as the diaphragm 100, one or more of the elastomers which can be selected as the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer material can show better heat resistance and chemical resistance.
It should be noted that the thermally reversible covalent crosslinking elastomer material can be classified into 5 types according to the reaction mechanism, namely, azis ester type, acid anhydride esterification type, menxiu gold reaction type, isocyanate and active hydrogen reaction type, and Diels-alder (da) reaction type. When the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer 10 is used as the diaphragm 100, one or more mixtures of these types of elastomers may be used as the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer material.
Preferably, the material of the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 is a thermally reversible D-A covalently crosslinked elastomer. The thermally reversible covalent crosslinking elastomer material is a thermally reversible D-A covalent crosslinking elastomer, has mild reaction conditions and strong positioning selectivity, is more suitable for modifying the elastomer, and the prepared polymer material can be better matched with the application of the loudspeaker 200 vibrating diaphragm 100 in the aspects of the overall performance, the use temperature, the repeated processing and the like of the material.
It should be noted that the thermally reversible D-a covalent crosslinked elastomer has a better thermoplastic processability, mainly because a dilene and a amphiphile group are introduced into a molecular chain of a matrix polymer, the dilene and the amphiphile react with Diels-alder (da) at a specified temperature to generate covalent crosslinking, and the covalent crosslinking bond can react reversely at a higher specific temperature range, so that the material has thermoplastic processability. The DA reaction system mainly comprises one of a cyclopentadiene system, a furan/maleimide system, a maleic anhydride derivative and a polyalcohol/amine system.
Alternatively, the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 has an elongation at break of greater than 200%. The elongation at break of the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomeric layer 10 is suitably controlled to ensure good performance. Generally, the elongation at break is greater than 200%, and if the elongation at break is less than 200%, the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer material will cause material damage under long-term high-temperature or low-temperature vibration, resulting in an increased risk of failure of the diaphragm 100 product.
Alternatively, the thermoreversible covalent crosslinking elastomer layer 10 has a thermoreversible decrosslinking temperature of from 80 ℃ to 250 ℃.
Here, the thermoreversible decrosslinking temperature of the thermoreversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 is controlled to be appropriate for ensuring good performance. For example, the thermally reversible decrosslinking temperature is 80 ℃, 100 ℃, 120 ℃, 150 ℃, 170 ℃, 200 ℃, 220 ℃ or 250 ℃. If the thermal reversible decomposition and crosslinking temperature of the material is lower than 80 ℃, the dimension stability of the product is poor in the using process of the material, and the vibrating diaphragm 100 of the loudspeaker 200 is easy to deform after long-time working and vibration, so that the product performance is lost; if the temperature of the material for thermally reversible decrosslinking is higher than 250 ℃, the thermoplasticity of the material is deteriorated, and the processing cost in the preparation process of the diaphragm 100 is increased.
Alternatively, the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 has a tensile modulus in the range of 1MPa to 600 MPa.
The tensile modulus of the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomeric layer 10 is suitably controlled to ensure good performance. For example, the tensile modulus may be 1MPa, 25MPa, 50MPa, 100MPa, 150MPa, 250MPa, 400MPa, 500MPa or 600 MPa. Preferably between 3MPa and 300 MPa. If the tensile modulus is lower than 1MPa, the stiffness of the material is insufficient, and the vibrating diaphragm 100 is prone to polarization and too large amplitude when the product vibrates, thereby causing distortion of the product. If the tensile modulus is higher than 600MPa, the toughness of the material is insufficient, the resilience is poor, and particularly, after the diaphragm 100 product generates large displacement, the product can generate partial irreversible deformation, or the product is difficult to achieve the required displacement under the condition of certain input power due to high modulus, so that the sensitivity and loudness of the product are influenced.
Alternatively, the thickness of the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 ranges from 5 μm to 200 μm.
The thickness of the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 is suitably selected, for example, to be controlled to be 5 μm, 15 μm, 30 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 150 μm or 200 μm. If the thickness is less than 5 μm, the manufacturing difficulty is large, and if the thickness is more than 200 μm, the weight of the diaphragm 100 is increased, which results in a decrease in product sensitivity and a decrease in product vibration space.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer 10 is provided with at least two layers, and two adjacent thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layers 10 are connected by thermal compression or by a glue layer 20.
Here, the diaphragm 100 employs at least two thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layers 10, which can more effectively improve the heat resistance and chemical resistance. Moreover, two adjacent thermo-reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layers 10 can be connected together by a hot pressing method, or can be connected by an adhesive layer 20, so that the diaphragm 100 can be obtained. It should be noted that the material and thickness of each thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 may be the same or different, and are not limited herein.
Referring to fig. 3, the diaphragm 100 includes two thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layers 10, and the two thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layers 10 are connected by a glue layer 20, where the glue layer 20 may be a damping glue layer 20.
In an embodiment of the invention, the diaphragm 100 further includes a thermoplastic elastomer layer 30, the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30 is stacked with at least one thermoplastic elastomer layer 30, and the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30 is one of the surface layers or an intermediate layer of the diaphragm 100.
The composite structure of the diaphragm 100 comprises the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30 and the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer 10, so that the prepared diaphragm 100 has good resilience, and the requirements of high performance, high fidelity tone quality and high resilience of a loudspeaker 200 product are met. The diaphragm 100 has two surface layers and an intermediate layer along the thickness direction thereof, and the plastic substrate layer 40 may be the intermediate layer of the composite structure of the diaphragm 100, or may be one of the surface layers of the composite structure of the diaphragm 100. Here, the "surface layer" refers to the outermost layer of the diaphragm 100, and the "intermediate layer" refers to the layer of the diaphragm 100 located between the two surface layers, and the "surface layer" and the "intermediate layer" are defined identically below. It is understood that when the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer 10 is a single layer, the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30 is disposed on a surface of the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer 10, i.e., a surface layer constituting the diaphragm 100. When the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 is a plurality of layers, the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30 may be disposed between two layers of the plurality of thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layers 10, which is an intermediate layer of the diaphragm 100, and may be disposed on an outer surface of an outermost layer of the plurality of thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layers 10, which is one of the surface layers of the diaphragm 100.
Optionally, the material of the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30 is at least one selected from polyester thermoplastic elastomer, polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, polyamide thermoplastic elastomer, polystyrene thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer, and dynamic vulcanized rubber/thermoplastic blend type thermoplastic elastomer. These elastomer materials are conventional materials, and one or more of the thermoplastic elastomer layers 30 may be selected from these materials.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment of the present invention, a layer of thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer 10 is disposed, and a layer of thermoplastic elastomer 30 is connected to the layer of thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer 10 by a glue layer 20.
Referring to fig. 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer 10 is provided with two layers, the two thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layers 10 are respectively provided on two surfaces of the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30, and the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30 is connected with the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer 10 by thermal compression or by the adhesive layer 20. The thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer 10 has two layers, which can effectively improve the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the diaphragm 100.
In an embodiment of the invention, the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 is provided with a plurality of layers, the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30 is provided with a plurality of layers, the plurality of thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layers 10 and the plurality of thermoplastic elastomer layers 30 are stacked, and at least one surface layer of the diaphragm 100 is the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10, and two adjacent layers are connected by thermal compression or by an adhesive layer 20. The thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer 10 and the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30 are both multilayer, so that the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the diaphragm 100 can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the diaphragm 100 can be effectively ensured to have better rebound resilience, and the requirements of high performance, high fidelity tone quality and high rebound resilience of a loudspeaker 200 product can be met.
In an embodiment of the invention, the diaphragm 100 further includes a plastic substrate layer 40, the plastic substrate layer 40 is one of the surface layers or an intermediate layer of the diaphragm 100, and the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30 is connected to the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer 10 by thermal compression or by a glue layer 20.
The composite structure of the diaphragm 100 herein contains the plastic substrate layer 40, which can ensure that the diaphragm 100 has good toughness and strength, and good stability. The diaphragm 100 has two surface layers and an intermediate layer along the thickness direction thereof, and the plastic substrate layer 40 may be the intermediate layer of the composite structure of the diaphragm 100, or may be one of the surface layers of the composite structure of the diaphragm 100. The plastic substrate layer 40 may be connected to the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30 through the adhesive layer 20, or may be connected to the plastic elastomer substrate layer through a hot pressing method.
Alternatively, the material of the plastic substrate layer 40 is selected from at least one of polyetheretherketone, polyarylate, polyetherimide, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene naphthalate, and polyethylene terephthalate. These materials are all the existing materials, and the material of the plastic substrate layer 40 can be made of one or more of the above materials.
Referring to fig. 6, in an embodiment of the present invention, a thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer 10 is provided with a plastic substrate layer 40 and the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer 10 are connected by a glue layer 20. In this case, the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer 10 is formed by multiple layers, so that the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the diaphragm 100 can be improved more effectively.
Referring to fig. 7, in an embodiment of the invention, the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 is provided with two layers, the two thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layers 10 are respectively disposed on two surfaces of the plastic substrate layer 40, and the plastic substrate layer 40 and the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 are connected by thermal pressing or by the adhesive layer 20. The thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer 10 has two layers, which can effectively improve the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the diaphragm 100.
In an embodiment of the invention, the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10 is provided with a plurality of layers, the plastic substrate layer 40 is provided with a plurality of layers, the plurality of thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layers 10 and the plurality of plastic substrate layers 40 are stacked, at least one surface layer of the diaphragm 100 is the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10, and two adjacent layers are connected by the adhesive layer 20 or connected by hot pressing. The thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer 10 and the plastic substrate layer 40 are both multilayer, so that the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the diaphragm 100 can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the diaphragm 100 can be effectively ensured to have good toughness and strength, and the stability is good.
Referring to fig. 8, in some embodiments of the invention, the diaphragm 100 further includes a thermoplastic elastomer layer 30 and a plastic substrate layer 40, the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30, the plastic substrate layer 40 and the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer 10 are connected by thermal compression or by a glue layer 20, and at least one surface layer of the diaphragm 100 is the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer 10.
Here, the diaphragm 100 is a composite layer structure of the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10, the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30, and the plastic substrate layer 40, wherein the number of layers of the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer 10, the thermoplastic elastomer layer 30, and the plastic substrate layer 40 may be one or more. The adjacent two layers can be connected through the glue layer 20, and can also be connected through hot pressing. Moreover, at least one surface layer of the diaphragm 100 is a thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer 10, so that the diaphragm 100 has good heat resistance, chemical resistance, toughness, strength, stability and high resilience, and the requirements of high performance, high fidelity tone quality and high resilience of the loudspeaker 200 product are met.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the present invention further provides a speaker 200, the speaker 200 includes a spherical top portion 220, a folded ring portion 210 and a voice coil 230, the folded ring portion 210 is disposed at an edge position of the speaker 200, the spherical top portion 220 is connected to one side of the folded ring portion 210, the voice coil 230 is connected to the other side of the folded ring portion 210, the spherical top portion 220 and/or the folded ring portion 210 are the aforementioned diaphragm 100, and the specific structure of the diaphragm 100 refers to the aforementioned embodiments. Since the speaker 200 adopts all technical solutions of all the foregoing embodiments, at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments are achieved, and no further description is given here.
Specifically, the dome portion 220 is located at the center of the speaker 200, the corrugated rim portion 210 is located at the edge of the speaker 200, the dome portion 220 is generally glued to one side of the corrugated rim portion 210, and the other side of the corrugated rim portion 210 is connected to the voice coil 230 of the speaker 200, where the corrugated rim portion 210 and the dome portion 220 both adopt the structure of the diaphragm 100 of the present invention, such that the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the speaker 200 can be improved, and the service life of the speaker 200 can be prolonged.
Alternatively, the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer 10 of the diaphragm 100 is disposed toward the voice coil 230. Here, by disposing the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer 10 of the diaphragm 100 toward the voice coil 230, the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the speaker 200 can be more effectively improved, thereby more effectively extending the life of the speaker 200.
The diaphragm of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Comparative example
The diaphragm is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer materials with the hardness of about 90A and is marked as a comparison sample.
Examples
The invention improves the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer material sample in the comparison, namely, introduces double-dilute and double-dilute functional groups which can generate DA reaction into the sample molecular chain to obtain the thermoplastic reversible covalent crosslinking elastomer material which is marked as a modified sample.
The temperature of the comparative sample and the modified sample was scanned by a dynamic thermodynamic analyzer (DMA) to obtain the variation curve of the storage modulus with temperature, and the result is shown in fig. 9.
As can be seen from the figure, the modulus change rate of the thermo-reversible modified elastomer material is reduced from low temperature to high temperature, which shows that due to the existence of covalent cross-linking bonds, the thermal mobility of the chain segment is reduced, and the influence of the temperature on the chain segment is reduced, so that the diaphragm material has stable mechanical properties in a wider temperature range.
Further, the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) curves of the comparative sample and the modified sample at different voltages were obtained by testing the Total Harmonic Distortion, i.e., the results generated by the Distortion are shown in fig. 10. The percentage of the effective value of total harmonic sound pressure to the representation of the average characteristic sound pressure represents the magnitude of the distortion.
As can be seen from the figure, the sample after crosslinking modification has lower THD under the same voltage, and the modified sample has lower distortion degree as the test voltage is increased from 2.37V to 4.0V and the THD increases by 200-300 Hz (the THD of the comparative sample is increased from 21% to about 42%, and the THD of the modified sample is increased from about 20% to about 36%). It can be understood that the thermo-reversible modified elastomer material has stable mechanical properties, so that the listening yield of the loudspeaker product is obviously improved. Especially the listening yield under high power is improved. The reason is that under high power, the suspension system of the loudspeaker needs to generate larger displacement, the temperature near the voice coil is increased, the influence of the temperature on the mechanical property of the folded ring of the loudspeaker diaphragm is smaller, the vibration stability of the vibration system is better, and the poor polarization and other problems are difficult to generate, so that the problem of distortion increase of a product caused by large displacement can be effectively reduced.
Meanwhile, the higher harmonic distortion of the comparison sample and the modified sample is tested to obtain a higher harmonic distortion (HOHD) curve, wherein the solid line is the test voltage of 2.83V, and the dotted line is the test voltage of 4.0V. Can be used to reflect the presence or absence of noise at the speaker. The results are shown in FIG. 11.
As can be seen from the figure, the modified samples have lower distortion, and the distortion does not change much as the test voltage increases. Therefore, the acoustic performance of the sample after crosslinking modification is more stable under different voltages or input signals, and the hearing yield is higher.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A diaphragm for a loudspeaker, the diaphragm comprising at least one layer of a thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer.
2. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer is made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of a thermally reversible covalently cross-linked polyester elastomer, a thermally reversible covalently cross-linked polyurethane elastomer, a thermally reversible covalently cross-linked silicone elastomer, a thermally reversible covalently cross-linked acrylic rubber elastomer, a thermally reversible covalently cross-linked olefinic elastomer, and a thermally reversible covalently cross-linked styrenic elastomer.
3. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer is formed from the thermally reversible D-a covalently cross-linked elastomer.
4. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer has an elongation at break of greater than 200%; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the thermoreversible, covalently crosslinked, elastomeric layer has a thermoreversible decrosslinking temperature of from 80 ℃ to 250 ℃.
5. The diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer has a tensile modulus in the range of 1MPa to 600 MPa; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer has a thickness in a range from 5 μm to 200 μm.
6. The diaphragm according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thermoreversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer is provided with at least two layers, and two adjacent layers of the thermoreversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer are connected by thermal compression or by a glue layer.
7. The diaphragm of any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a thermoplastic elastomer layer, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer layer is one of a surface layer and an intermediate layer of the diaphragm, and the thermoplastic elastomer layer is thermally compression bonded or bonded by a glue layer to the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer.
8. The diaphragm of claim 7, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer layer is made of at least one of a polyester-based thermoplastic elastomer, a polyurethane-based thermoplastic elastomer, a polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomer, a polystyrene-based thermoplastic elastomer, a polyolefin-based thermoplastic elastomer, and a dynamic vulcanized rubber/thermoplastic blend-type thermoplastic elastomer.
9. The diaphragm of claim 7, wherein the thermoreversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer is provided with a layer, and the thermoplastic elastomer layer is thermally compression bonded or bonded by a glue layer to the thermoreversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the thermal-reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer is provided with two layers, the two layers of thermal-reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layers are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the thermoplastic elastomer layer, and the thermoplastic elastomer layer is connected with the thermal-reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer in a hot-pressing mode or through a glue layer; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the thermal reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer is provided with a plurality of layers, the thermoplastic elastomer layer is provided with a plurality of layers, the thermal reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer and the plurality of layers are arranged in a stacked manner, at least one surface layer of the vibrating diaphragm is the thermal reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer, and the two adjacent layers are connected through a glue layer or connected through hot pressing.
10. The diaphragm of any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a plastic substrate layer, wherein the plastic substrate layer is one of a surface layer and an intermediate layer of the diaphragm, and the plastic substrate layer is connected with the thermally reversible covalent cross-linked elastomer layer by hot pressing or through a glue layer.
11. The diaphragm of claim 10, wherein the plastic substrate layer is made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of polyetheretherketone, polyarylate, polyetherimide, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene naphthalate, and polyethylene terephthalate.
12. The diaphragm of claim 10, wherein the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer is provided with a layer, and the plastic substrate layer is connected with the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer by thermal compression or by a glue layer; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the thermal reversible covalent crosslinking elastomer layer is provided with two layers, the two thermal reversible covalent crosslinking elastomer layers are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the plastic substrate layer, and the plastic substrate layer is connected with the thermal reversible covalent crosslinking elastomer layer in a hot-pressing mode or through a glue layer; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the thermally reversible covalent crosslinking elastomer layer is provided with a plurality of layers, the plastic substrate layer is provided with a plurality of layers, the plurality of layers are arranged on the thermally reversible covalent crosslinking elastomer layer and the plurality of layers, the plastic substrate layer is stacked, at least one surface layer of the vibrating diaphragm is the thermally reversible covalent crosslinking elastomer layer, and the adjacent two layers are connected through a glue layer or connected through hot pressing.
13. The diaphragm according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the diaphragm further includes a thermoplastic elastomer layer and a plastic substrate layer, the thermoplastic elastomer layer, the plastic substrate layer and the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer are thermally compressed or connected by a glue layer, and at least one surface layer of the diaphragm is the thermally reversible covalently crosslinked elastomer layer.
14. A speaker, comprising a dome portion, a folded ring portion and a voice coil, wherein the folded ring portion is disposed at an edge of the speaker, the dome portion is connected to one side of the folded ring portion, the voice coil is connected to the other side of the folded ring portion, and the dome portion and/or the folded ring portion are/is the diaphragm according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
15. The loudspeaker of claim 14, wherein the thermally reversible covalently cross-linked elastomer layer of the diaphragm is disposed toward the voice coil.
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| CN202010234078.5A CN111246347A (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Vibrating diaphragm and loudspeaker |
| PCT/CN2020/138341 WO2021190003A1 (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-12-22 | Diaphragm and speaker |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010234078.5A CN111246347A (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Vibrating diaphragm and loudspeaker |
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| WO2021190003A1 (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-30 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Diaphragm and speaker |
| CN114827871A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-07-29 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Vibrating diaphragm and sound generating device |
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| WO2021190003A1 (en) | 2021-09-30 |
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