CN111245503B - Spectrum sharing method for satellite communication and ground communication - Google Patents
Spectrum sharing method for satellite communication and ground communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN111245503B CN111245503B CN202010050487.XA CN202010050487A CN111245503B CN 111245503 B CN111245503 B CN 111245503B CN 202010050487 A CN202010050487 A CN 202010050487A CN 111245503 B CN111245503 B CN 111245503B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18523—Satellite systems for providing broadcast service to terrestrial stations, i.e. broadcast satellite service
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
- H04B7/18539—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention provides a frequency spectrum sharing method of satellite communication and ground communication.A control station of the ground communication broadcasts Beacon signals to mobile stations in a cell; and dividing a protection area and a sharing area according to the coverage range of the terrestrial communication Beacon signal. And under the condition that the effective omnidirectional radiation power of the satellite is not more than the maximum effective omnidirectional radiation power, the satellite transmits signals to the mobile station by using the ground downlink communication spectrum and/or the satellite-dedicated downlink communication spectrum. When the mobile station is located in a protected area, the mobile station transmits signals to the satellite using the satellite-specific uplink communications spectrum; when the mobile station is located in the shared area, the mobile station transmits signals to the satellite by using the terrestrial uplink communication spectrum and/or the satellite dedicated uplink communication spectrum; and the satellite schedules proper ground uplink communication time-frequency resources and sets proper modulation coding parameters for the mobile station to transmit signals to the satellite according to the interference intensity on the ground uplink communication frequency spectrum.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and more particularly, to a spectrum sharing method for satellite communications and terrestrial communications.
Background
In order to realize The increasingly rich Maritime services in E-Navigation (E-Navigation), The International Maritime Organization (IMO) and The International association of Navigation (IALA) have proposed a Very High Frequency (VHF) Data Exchange System (VDES, VHF Data Exchange System), which includes both a non-centrally controlled, self-organized communication mode and a centrally controlled, centralized resource scheduling communication mode. The centralized resource scheduling communication mode comprises a ground communication VDE-TER used for a ground shore station to communicate with a mobile station and a satellite communication VDE-SAT used for a satellite to communicate with the mobile station. The International Telecommunications Union (ITU) allocates frequency spectrums for the VDE-TER and the VDE-SAT in the VHF maritime mobile frequency band, and indicates that the VDE-SAT is allowed to communicate using the VDE-TER frequency spectrum on the premise of not affecting VDE-TER communication (for example, in a high-sea area where VDE-TER communication does not exist), so that co-frequency interference becomes a non-negligible problem.
In order to maximize spectrum resource utilization and overall spectrum efficiency of the system, a spectrum sharing mechanism between the VDE-TER and the SAT needs to be studied. The existing M.2092-0 technical document adopts a method that a satellite-specific frequency spectrum is used by a VDE-SAT, a section of VDE-TER-specific frequency spectrum is arranged, and the VDE-TER and the SAT are used in a time-sharing mode by the rest frequency spectrum resources. Although this static spectrum sharing scheme is simple, the satellite portion can share only a part of the spectrum resources with the VDE-TER, and does not maximize the spectrum utilization. The spectrum resource sharing scheme provided by the IALA is that the shore station acquires bulletin board information of the satellite space station, and then coordinates time-frequency resources through a control signaling of the shore station. However, a specific scheme for a shore station to acquire the bulletin board information of a satellite space station is lacked, and in the G1139 technical document of the IALA, the channel configuration structures of the VDE-SAT and the TER are not uniform, especially the bulletin board signaling design is not uniform, so that it is difficult to ensure that the bulletin board signal is not interfered, and the situation that the bulletin board signal cannot be acquired occurs. In addition, when the time-frequency resources are configured by the central control station, the prior art does not provide a mechanism for monitoring the channel interference strength on the shared spectrum, and it is difficult to ensure the maximum utilization of the time-frequency resources while satisfying the Quality of Service (QoS) of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a frequency spectrum sharing method of satellite communication and ground communication, aiming at maximizing the frequency spectrum utilization rate and the overall frequency spectrum efficiency of a system while minimizing the interference between the ground communication and the satellite communication.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a spectrum sharing method for satellite communication and ground communication, wherein the satellite communication and the ground communication are both centralized resource scheduling communication modes with central control, the satellite communication comprises a satellite and a mobile station, the ground communication comprises a control station and the mobile station, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) a control station of ground communication broadcasts a Beacon signal to a mobile station in a cell by using a ground downlink communication frequency spectrum, wherein the Beacon signal is a ground communication system configuration information signal which is broadcasted periodically;
2) dividing a protection area and a sharing area according to the coverage area of the Beacon signal, wherein the protection area is arranged in the coverage area of the Beacon signal, the sharing area is arranged outside the coverage area of the Beacon signal, the size of the protection area is larger than that of a ground communication cell, and a ground communication frequency spectrum is used between a mobile station and a control station in the range of the ground communication cell to carry out bidirectional ground communication;
3) under the condition of ensuring normal communication of a ground communication system, a satellite in satellite communication shares a ground downlink communication frequency spectrum to transmit signals to a mobile station;
4) the mobile station periodically detects a Beacon signal broadcast by the ground communication control station to determine that the mobile station is located in one of a protection area and a shared area, the mobile station does not share a ground uplink communication spectrum to transmit signals to the satellite when the mobile station is located in the protection area, and the mobile station shares the ground uplink communication spectrum to transmit signals to the satellite when the mobile station is located in the shared area.
Furthermore, no matter in a protected area or a shared area, satellite communication does not share the time-frequency resources used by the ground Beacon signals transmitted by the ground Beacon control stations, so that the Beacon signals are protected from satellite communication interference.
Further, in the case that the effective omnidirectional radiation power used by the satellite in the satellite communication is not greater than the maximum effective omnidirectional radiation power, the satellite transmits signals to the mobile station in the protection area and the shared area by using the terrestrial downlink communication spectrum and/or the satellite-dedicated downlink communication spectrum, the maximum effective omnidirectional radiation power is determined according to the maximum allowable power flux density of the satellite downlink, and the maximum allowable flux density is the power flux density mask specified in the ITU-R m.2090 recommendation by the international telecommunication union radio communication department for protecting the normal communication of the terrestrial communication system.
Further, comprising:
when the mobile station does not successfully detect the Beacon signal, determining that the mobile station is located in a shared area, wherein the mobile station transmits signals to a satellite by using a ground uplink communication spectrum and/or a satellite dedicated uplink communication spectrum;
and when the mobile station successfully detects the Beacon signal, determining that the mobile station is located in a protection area, and transmitting the signal to the satellite by using the satellite-dedicated uplink communication spectrum by the mobile station.
Further, when the mobile station uses the terrestrial uplink communication spectrum in the shared area, the satellite in the satellite communication schedules proper terrestrial communication time-frequency resources and sets proper modulation coding parameters for the mobile station to transmit signals to the satellite according to the interference intensity on the terrestrial uplink communication spectrum.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention comprises the following steps:
the frequency spectrum sharing method of the satellite communication and the ground communication can enable the satellite communication to share the frequency spectrum resources of the ground communication to the maximum extent and improve the frequency spectrum utilization rate. In the shared region, the satellite allocates proper time-frequency resources and sets proper modulation coding parameters for the mobile station according to the interference intensity on the monitored terrestrial communication spectrum, so that the overall spectrum efficiency can be maximized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the frequency spectrum allocated to VDE-TER and VDE-SAT by the ITU over the VHF maritime mobile band;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a shared area and a protection area partitioned according to a coverage area of a ground Beacon signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the present invention for a mobile station to determine its location and select different frequency spectrums for transmitting signals to a satellite;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating selection of different frequency spectrums for transmitting signals to a satellite when a mobile station is located in a protection zone and a shared zone respectively according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
In the following, the embodiments of the present invention are described by taking the terrestrial communication VDE-TER and the satellite communication VDE-SAT in the VDES system as examples. The mobile station can be a wireless sensor, a ship, a VHF frequency band communication device and other devices which can receive VDES signals; the ground communication control station can be a base station, a shore station, a network access point and the like; when these terms appear to be used interchangeably, those skilled in the art will understand their meaning.
Referring to FIG. 1, a frequency for VDE-TER and VDE-SAT communications is shownSpectral scheme, in the range of the VHF maritime mobile band (its frequency range is 156MHz to 174 MHz). The VHF maritime mobile band is divided into a plurality of channels (channels) with a bandwidth of 25kHz, and the ITU defines a band channel number (channel index) for some channels, as indicated by the channel numbers inside the rectangular box in fig. 1. The ground portion of VDES, the VDE-TER spectrum, includes 4 25kHz spectra on the low frequency side, denoted LTERWhich can be used for VDE-TER upstream communication or VDE-TER duplex communication; and 4 spectra at 25kHz at the high frequency end, denoted as UTERIt can be used for VDE-TER downstream communication. The satellite portion VDE-SAT spectrum comprises 2 satellite-specific spectra at the low frequency end of 25kHz, denoted LSATIt can be used for VDE-SAT uplink communication or VDE-SAT duplex communication; and 2 special frequency spectrums of 25kHz at high frequency end, which are marked as USATIt can be used for VDE-SAT downlink communication or VDE-SAT duplex communication. In order to maximize the utilization rate of the VDE-TER spectrum, the VDE-SAT can also use a ground communication VDE-TER spectrum with the bandwidth of the high frequency end and the low frequency end of 100kHz respectively. The problem is that due to the mobility of the satellite, its field of view is much larger than the ground communication coverage; when the satellite view and the ground communication range are overlapped, if an effective ground communication and satellite communication spectrum sharing mechanism is not adopted, the VDE-SAT and the VDE-TER share spectrum can generate interference on ship receiving signals in the overlapped coverage area, and conversely, signals transmitted to a shore station by a ship can also generate interference on signals of a satellite receiving mobile station, so that the communication quality of the whole VDES system is influenced.
In order to reduce interference generated by spectrum sharing between the VDE-SAT and the VDE-TER, the embodiment of the invention provides a spectrum sharing method for satellite communication and terrestrial communication. The satellite communication VDE-SAT and the ground communication VDE-TER are both centralized resource scheduling communication modes with central control, wherein the satellite communication comprises a central control satellite and mobile stations, and the ground communication comprises a central control station (or a shore station) and the mobile stations. First, referring to fig. 2, a control station of a terrestrial communication VDE-TER broadcasts a Beacon signal to a mobile station in a cell, where the Beacon signal is a terrestrial communication system configuration information signal that is periodically broadcast. And then, dividing a protection area and a sharing area according to the coverage range of the Beacon signal, wherein the protection area is in the coverage range of the Beacon signal, the sharing area is outside the coverage range of the Beacon signal, and the size of the protection area is larger than that of a cell of ground communication. Bidirectional terrestrial communication is performed between the mobile station and the control station within the terrestrial communication cell using the terrestrial communication spectrum. An area within the protection zone and outside the range of the terrestrial communication cell may be referred to as a buffer, and the buffer functions to protect the Quality of Service (QoS) of communication of the mobile station at the edge of the terrestrial communication cell.
For example, the buffer area is within a 50 nautical mile (approximately equal to 90km) of the cell radius of the ground communication VDE-TER, and the size of the protection area is 110km, please refer to fig. 2, where an area within the protection area and larger than the coverage area of the ground communication VDE-TER is the buffer area, that is, the ground communication control station is the central point, and the distance from the control station is within a range between 90km and 100 km.
In order to protect the ground Beacon signal transmitted by the ground communication control station and avoid the interference of satellite communication, no matter in a protected area or a shared area, the satellite communication does not share the time-frequency resource used by the ground Beacon signal transmitted by the ground communication control station. Because the mobile station judges whether the mobile station is in the protected area or the shared area by detecting the Beacon signal, the Beacon signal is protected from satellite communication interference, the performance of the mobile station for receiving the Beacon signal can be effectively improved, and the probability of the situation that the mobile station is in the protected area but is in the shared area due to unsuccessful detection of the Beacon signal is reduced. It should be noted that the Beacon signal has protection from satellite communication interference, so the coverage area of the Beacon signal can be larger than the size of the ground communication cell, thereby ensuring the existence of the buffer area.
Under the condition of ensuring the normal communication of the ground communication system, the satellite in the satellite communication shares the ground downlink communication frequency spectrum to transmit signals to the mobile station. In order to protect land mobile system services deployed within the VHF maritime mobile frequency range, the ITU specifies that satellite downlink in VDE-SAT communications is subject to a maximum allowable Power Flux Density (PFD) limit. Maximum allowed flux density or power flux density mask (PFD mask) as specified in the ITU-R M.2090 recommendation by the International telecommunication Union) The limitation is a satellite maximum effective omnidirectional Radiated Power (EIRP) limit. In the case where the effective omni-directional radiated power used by the satellite is not greater than the maximum effective omni-directional radiated power, the satellite can transmit signals to the mobile station using the terrestrial VDE-TER downlink communication spectrum in both the protected zone and the shared zone without interfering with the bi-directional communication between the mobile station and the shore station in the VDE-TER. With particular reference to FIG. 2, a satellite in the VDE-SAT may use the VDE-TER downlink communication spectrum UTERAnd/or VDE-SAT dedicated downlink communication spectrum USAT(i.e., U)TER∪USAT) Transmission signals to terrestrial mobile stations.
Referring to fig. 3, a flow chart for a mobile station determining its location and selecting a different frequency spectrum for transmitting signals to a satellite is shown. As previously mentioned, terrestrial Beacon signals are typically system configuration information signals that are broadcast periodically, such as the terrestrial station Bulletin Board broadcast signal. The mobile station therefore always monitors the terrestrial Beacon signal periodically. When the mobile station successfully detects the Beacon signal, the mobile station is determined to be located in a protection area, the mobile station can not use the ground communication frequency spectrum to transmit signals to the satellite and can only use the uplink communication frequency spectrum L special for the satelliteSATAs shown in fig. 4.
With continued reference to fig. 3, when the mobile station does not successfully detect the Beacon signal, it is determined that it is located in the shared area. In this case, the mobile station uses the terrestrial uplink communication spectrum LTERAnd/or outside the satellite-specific uplink communications spectrum LSATTransmitting signals to satellites, i.e. mobile stations having an available spectrum of LTER∪LSATAs shown in fig. 4. Considering that the satellite field coverage is much larger than the size of the terrestrial communication cell, the mobile station is in the VDE-TER uplink communication spectrum LTERThe transmission of signals to the satellite is likely to be interfered by the transmission of signals from the mobile station to the shore station, so that the satellite always monitors the VDE-TER uplink communications spectrum LTERAccording to the interference intensity, the time-frequency resource of the ground communication is distributed according to the difference of the interference intensity, and the appropriate modulation coding parameter is set for the corresponding mobile station to transmit signals to the satellite, so that the QoS of the mobile station is met, and the spectrum efficiency of the whole system is maximized.
The above is the technical solution of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A spectrum sharing method for satellite communication and ground communication, wherein the satellite communication and the ground communication are both centralized resource scheduling communication modes with central control, the satellite communication comprises a satellite and a mobile station, the ground communication comprises a control station and the mobile station, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) a control station of ground communication broadcasts a Beacon signal to a mobile station in a cell by using a ground downlink communication frequency spectrum, wherein the Beacon signal is a ground communication system configuration information signal which is broadcasted periodically;
2) dividing a protection area and a sharing area according to the coverage area of the Beacon signal, wherein the protection area is arranged in the coverage area of the Beacon signal, the sharing area is arranged outside the coverage area of the Beacon signal, the size of the protection area is larger than that of a ground communication cell, and a ground communication frequency spectrum is used between a mobile station and a control station in the range of the ground communication cell to carry out bidirectional ground communication;
3) under the condition of ensuring normal communication of a ground communication system, a satellite in satellite communication shares a ground downlink communication frequency spectrum to transmit signals to a mobile station;
4) the mobile station periodically detects a Beacon signal broadcast by the ground communication control station to determine that the mobile station is located in one of a protection area and a sharing area, the mobile station does not share a ground uplink communication spectrum to transmit signals to a satellite when located in the protection area, and the mobile station shares the ground uplink communication spectrum to transmit signals to the satellite when located in the sharing area;
no matter in guard space or shared space, satellite communication does not share ground communication control station transmission the time frequency resource that ground Beacon signal used to the satellite communication interference is avoided to the protection Beacon signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the effective omni-directional radiation power used by the satellite in the satellite communication is not greater than a maximum effective omni-directional radiation power, the satellite transmits signals to the mobile station in the protected area and the shared area using a terrestrial downlink communication spectrum and/or a satellite-specific downlink communication spectrum, the maximum effective omni-directional radiation power is determined according to a maximum allowable power flux density of the satellite downlink, and the maximum allowable power flux density is a power flux density mask specified in ITU-R m.2090 recommendation by the international telecommunication union radio communication sector for protecting normal communication of the terrestrial communication system.
3. The method for spectrum sharing of satellite communication and terrestrial communication according to claim 1, comprising:
when the mobile station does not successfully detect the Beacon signal, determining that the mobile station is located in a shared area, wherein the mobile station transmits signals to a satellite by using a terrestrial uplink communication spectrum and/or a satellite dedicated uplink communication spectrum;
and when the mobile station successfully detects the Beacon signal, determining that the mobile station is located in a protection area, and transmitting the signal to the satellite by using the satellite-dedicated uplink communication spectrum by the mobile station.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the mobile station uses the uplink terrestrial communication spectrum in the shared area, the satellite in the satellite communication schedules the appropriate time-frequency resource for terrestrial communication and sets the appropriate modulation and coding parameters for the mobile station to transmit signals to the satellite according to the interference strength on the uplink terrestrial communication spectrum.
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