CN111244636A - Subarray, array surface and device for integrated electromagnetic characteristic regulation of composite material - Google Patents
Subarray, array surface and device for integrated electromagnetic characteristic regulation of composite material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite material integrated electromagnetic characteristic regulation and control subarray, a wavefront and a device, wherein the electromagnetic characteristic regulation and control device is composed of at least one electromagnetic regulation and control wavefront module and at least one driving and control module, wherein the electromagnetic characteristic regulation and control wavefront module is of a multilayer composite structure, an electromagnetic characteristic regulation and control basic subarray with a standard size is used as a minimum composition unit, and the at least one basic subarray forms the electromagnetic regulation and control wavefront module; the electromagnetic characteristic regulating and controlling device of the composite structure can regulate and control electromagnetic fields/waves in at least one electromagnetic physical domain, realizes the regulation and control of the electromagnetic characteristics of multiple physical domains, and simultaneously meets the requirements of actual engineering and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel artificial electromagnetic material surfaces, and particularly relates to a subarray, array surface and device for integrated electromagnetic characteristic regulation of a composite material.
Background
The metamaterial refers to an artificial composite structure formed by units with sub-wavelength scales according to a certain macroscopic arrangement mode (periodicity or aperiodicity). Because the basic units and the arrangement mode can be designed at will, the limitation that the traditional material is difficult to accurately control at the atomic or molecular level can be broken through, the unconventional medium parameters which can not be realized by the traditional material and the traditional technology are constructed, the electromagnetic wave is efficiently and flexibly regulated, and a series of novel physical characteristics and applications are realized. In the last two decades, the metamaterial is always the international leading edge in the fields of physics and information, and based on the equivalent medium theory, under the guidance of methods such as conversion optics and the like, novel electromagnetic structure designs are continuously emerging, such as electromagnetic stealth clothes, stealth carpets, perfect wave absorbers, electromagnetic black holes and the like, so that the metamaterial attracts high attention of scientists and government organizations in various countries in the world.
The metamaterial has been centered on an equivalent medium in the last twenty years, but the metamaterial based on the equivalent medium is difficult to manipulate electromagnetic waves in real time. From a circuit perspective, a metamaterial with continuous media parameters may be referred to as an analog metamaterial. In order to realize the digital edition of the metamaterial, the Chinese scholars and the Engheta subject group of the American university of Pennsylvania independently put forward the concept of the digital metamaterial. Engheta et al propose a method of constructing "metamaterial bytes" by spatially mixing "digital metamaterial bits" to achieve desired medium parameters (Nature Materials, published on line at 9/14/2014), wherein the "digital metamaterial bits" are composed of material particles with different medium parameters (such as positive and negative dielectric constants), so that Engheta works at the core that an equivalent medium is described by means of digital bits and still belongs to the category of equivalent medium metamaterial. The work of Engheta has not been experimentally verified to date due to the complexity of the practical procedure. Meanwhile, Tourism and the like creatively research the metamaterial from the information Science perspective, abandon the characterization method of equivalent media, and propose a new idea of characterizing the metamaterial by using digital coding, namely the information metamaterial, and control electromagnetic waves by changing the spatial arrangement of digital coding units (Light: Science & Applications, formal recording in 9/2014, online publishing in 24/10/2014). The idea is not only proved by experiments, but also a new field is developed, and a new direction is opened for the development of the technology of the metamaterial.
The information metamaterial, or called digital electromagnetic metamaterial and electromagnetic coding metamaterial, can digitize electromagnetic analog signals, intelligently adjust the electromagnetic information characteristics of the material in real time to adapt to or change the surrounding electromagnetic environment, namely, the material has the capability of real-time regulation and control of multi-dimensional electromagnetic physical spaces such as time-space-frequency-polarization of electromagnetic waves, and one of the important characteristics is that the material can directly process digital coding information. For example, a 1-bit information metamaterial features 0 ° and 180 ° phase responses by unit elements of "0" and "1", respectively, and then the unit elements of "0" and "1" are arranged according to a certain rule to form a surface (or referred to as a metamaterial surface, a metamaterial surface) of the metamaterial, so as to implement a desired design function; the 2-bit information metamaterial respectively represents phase responses of 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees and the like by unit code elements of '00', '01', '10' and '11', and the like, so that unit arrangement is carried out, and a special function metamaterial surface is formed; by analogy, the multi-bit unit code elements are arranged according to a certain coding rule in a limited electromagnetic metamaterial unit form with basically stable phase difference and have a value of 2NA state property, where N represents the number of bits, constitutes a surface of the super structure of the desired function. The multi-bit super-structure surface has the advantages of digital design which is the same as that of the 1-bit super-structure surface, and has more coding combinations, so that the electromagnetic wave can be regulated and controlled more freely, the functions can be realized more abundantly, and the regulation and control effect is better.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems, the invention provides a device for regulating and controlling the electromagnetic characteristics of a composite material multilayer structure, which can realize the regulation and control of the electromagnetic characteristics of multiple physical domains and meet the requirements of actual engineering and application.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a basic subarray for regulating and controlling electromagnetic characteristics is of a multi-layer composite structure, the uppermost layer of the subarray is a composite material protective layer, the second layer of the subarray is a filling and bonding layer, the third layer of the subarray is a functional layer based on the surface of an information metamaterial, an active regulating and controlling device is attached to the upper surface of the functional layer, and a regulating and controlling chip for regulating and controlling the active regulating and controlling device is attached to the lower surface of the functional layer.
Further, the multilayer composite structure further comprises a fourth layer of a filling and bonding layer and/or a bottommost composite material support layer.
Furthermore, two ends of the functional layer on the surface of the information-based metamaterial are connected with buffer materials, and the buffer materials connected with the two ends are respectively connected with the composite material protective layer and the composite material supporting layer.
Furthermore, the functional layer based on the surface of the information metamaterial can regulate and control any one physical domain of amplitude, phase, polarization and frequency of an electromagnetic field or an electromagnetic wave, or comprehensively regulate and control multiple physical domains simultaneously.
Further, the composite material of the uppermost layer and the composite material of the lowermost layer are the same or different.
Furthermore, a socket for driving a flat cable or a low/high speed extension socket is attached to the lower surface of the functional layer, or one or more interfaces of an ethernet port, an optical port or a serial port are attached to the lower surface of the functional layer.
Furthermore, wave-absorbing materials are arranged on the edge part of the uppermost surface of the electromagnetic characteristic regulating and controlling basic subarray.
The invention also provides an electromagnetic regulation array surface module formed by any electromagnetic characteristic regulation basic subarray, which comprises an electromagnetic characteristic regulation basic subarray or is formed by splicing a plurality of electromagnetic characteristic regulation basic subarrays.
Furthermore, the electromagnetic control array surface module is of a planar structure or a non-planar structure.
The invention also provides a device for regulating and controlling the electromagnetic characteristics of the composite material multilayer structure formed by any electromagnetic regulation array surface module, which comprises the following steps: the electromagnetic characteristic regulation and control device comprises at least one electromagnetic regulation and control array surface module and at least one driving and control module, and the electromagnetic regulation and control array surface module is interconnected with the driving and control module through a driving flat cable or a low/high speed flat cable; when the device comprises two or more array surface modules and two or more driving and control modules, the driving and control modules are connected with each other in any mode of Ethernet cable, optical fiber or flat cable/bus, and a distributed topology framework is formed between the electromagnetic control array surface module and the driving and control modules.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
for the surface of the existing information metamaterial, regulating and controlling devices such as diodes, FET tubes and the like are attached to the outer surface of the material and are directly exposed outside, or only one layer of green oil or three-proofing paint is coated on the surface of the metamaterial, the surface of the metamaterial is protected most simply, and the metamaterial does not have the condition of practical engineering application. Meanwhile, if only corresponding composite material layers are simply superposed, the original electromagnetic regulation and control performance is reduced and deteriorated due to the discontinuity of the electromagnetic structure.
The electromagnetic characteristic regulating and controlling device integrated with the composite material has the advantages that the electromagnetic information characteristic of the regulating material on the surface of the traditional metamaterial and the surface of the existing information metamaterial is achieved, the electromagnetic characteristic is regulated and controlled, the problem of practical engineering application of the surface of the existing information metamaterial is further solved, meanwhile, the comprehensive electromagnetic regulating and controlling characteristic can be further improved, particularly, the performance of surface waves, oblique incident waves and the like is further improved, and the electromagnetic characteristic regulating and controlling device integrated with the composite material has wide application prospects in the fields of intelligent skins, new system communication systems, new system radars, electromagnetic regulation and control, reflection scattering enhancement and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a topological architecture of a composite-based electromagnetic signature control device; wherein (1a) - (1d) are respectively typical several system topology architecture embodiments.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of an electromagnetically modulated array plane module formed by an electromagnetic signature modulation basic subarray extension; wherein (2a) - (2c) are typical examples of expanding several basic sub-arrays respectively.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary composite multilayer structure of an electromagnetic signature control element.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary composite multilayer structure of an integrated electromagnetic signature control basic subarray.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the effect of the electromagnetic control array surface module based on the information metamaterial for realizing the scattered field amplitude control.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the effect of the electromagnetic control array surface module based on the information metamaterial for realizing the scattered field phase control.
FIG. 7 is an illustration of an embodiment of a non-planar electromagnetically modulated wavefront formed from a planar electromagnetic signature modulation base subarray.
FIG. 8 is an illustration of an embodiment of a conformal module with an electromagnetic modulating front formed from a curved electromagnetic signature modulating base sub-array.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a comprehensive design of a conventional wave-absorbing material in combination with a basic subarray for electromagnetic characteristic modulation.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an electromagnetic feature control basic subarray composite structure with flexible buffer material filled inside the edge.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an electromagnetic feature control basic subarray composite structure with flexible buffer material filled inside the edge.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
In the present invention, the electromagnetic characteristic regulating and controlling device integrated with the composite material is composed of at least one electromagnetic regulating and controlling array surface module and at least one driving and controlling module, and several typical system topology configuration embodiments of the device of the present invention are respectively described with reference to fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1(a), the electromagnetic characteristic adjusting and controlling device integrated with the composite material is composed of an electromagnetic adjusting and controlling array module 1 and a driving and controlling module 2, which are interconnected through a driving flat cable or a low/high speed flat cable, so as to realize direct adjustment and control of the electromagnetic adjusting and controlling array module 1 by the driving and controlling module 2.
As shown in fig. 1(b), the system topology architecture of another composite material integrated electromagnetic characteristic control apparatus is an embodiment, where the apparatus includes a plurality of electromagnetic control array modules and a plurality of driving and control modules, three array modules 11, 12, 13 and three driving and control modules 21, 22, 23 are illustrated as an example, each of the electromagnetic control array modules 11, 12, 13 is respectively interconnected with the driving and control modules 21, 22, 23 via a flat cable or a low/high speed socket, and the driving and control modules 21, 22, 23 are connected to each other via an optical fiber, or a network cable, or a flat cable/bus to form a distributed cooperative network, so as to implement synchronous or asynchronous cooperative control of the driving and control modules on the electromagnetic control array modules.
As shown in fig. 1(c), there is another embodiment of a system topology architecture of a composite material integrated electromagnetic feature control device, in which there are a plurality of electromagnetic control front modules (two front modules 11 and 12 are shown as an example) and a driving and control module 2, the electromagnetic control front modules 11 and 12 are respectively connected to the driving and control module 2 in a summary manner through driving cables or low/high speed socket, and the driving and control module 2 controls the front modules 11 and 12 directly.
As shown in fig. 1(d), in another embodiment of a system topology architecture of a composite material integrated electromagnetic feature control device, there are a plurality of electromagnetic control array modules (four array modules 11, 12, 13, and 14 are shown as an example) and a driving and control module 2, where the electromagnetic control array modules 11, 12, 13, and 14 are interconnected and converged onto any one of the electromagnetic control array modules (for example, the array module 11) through a driving bus or a low/high speed bus, and then the array module 11 is connected with the driving and control module 2 through the driving bus or the low/high speed bus to form another distributed cooperative network, so as to implement cooperative control of the driving and control module on the electromagnetic control array module.
Specific embodiments of the electromagnetic modulating array module and the electromagnetic feature modulating basic subarrays with standard sizes are further described below with reference to specific structural configurations.
The electromagnetic regulation array surface module is composed of at least one electromagnetic characteristic regulation basic subarray with standard size; the electromagnetic characteristic regulation basic subarray adopts a standard size (such as a standard size of 20cm multiplied by 20cm or 30cm multiplied by 30 cm) according to specific application requirements, such as intelligent skin, so that the electromagnetic regulation array face module has the characteristics of expandability and splicing, and is beneficial to engineering application and implementation.
And one electromagnetic characteristic regulation basic subarray, namely the minimum composition unit of the array surface module forming the electromagnetic regulation. The expansion of the array surface module electromagnetically modulated by the electromagnetic signature modulation elementary subarrays is further described in connection with fig. 2. As shown in fig. 2(a), two electromagnetic characteristic modulating basic sub-arrays 111 and 112 are spliced with each other to form an electromagnetic modulating array module 11. As further shown in fig. 2(b), a plurality of electromagnetic characteristic modulating basic sub-arrays 121, 122, … …, 12N may be arranged and expanded in one dimension, and may form the electromagnetically modulated wavefront module 12. Further, as shown in fig. 2(c), a plurality of electromagnetic characteristic modulating basic sub-arrays, for example, four electromagnetic characteristic modulating basic sub-arrays 131, 132, 133, 134 are illustrated as an example, and two-dimensional arrangement and expansion are performed, so that the electromagnetic modulating array module 13 can be formed.
The structure of the basic subarray for electromagnetic signature modulation is further described in conjunction with fig. 3. For each electromagnetic characteristic regulating and controlling basic subarray 31, the basic structure is a multilayer composite structure, the uppermost layer is a composite material protection layer 311, which is usually a composite material such as glass fiber epoxy resin, quartz fiber reinforced cloth, carbon fiber or basalt fiber reinforced resin, the second layer is a filling and bonding layer 312, the third layer is a functional layer 313 based on the surface of the information metamaterial, the fourth layer is a filling and bonding layer 314, and the bottommost layer is a composite material support layer 315. The fourth layer may be the filling and bonding layer and the bottommost composite material support layer, or only the filling and bonding layer or the bottommost composite material support layer may be left.
The functional layer 313 is generally a multilayer board or a rigid-flex printed board prepared by a PCB process, and can also be a flexible board prepared by an electroplating printing process; the active conditioning device 316 (e.g., PIN diode, varactor, or MEMS device) and the associated conditioning chip 317 are mounted on the top and bottom surfaces thereof, and the filling and bonding layers 312 and 314 are flexible materials that facilitate cushioning and protection of the functional layer 312 and the devices 316 and chip 317 thereon. The active steering device 316 and the steering chip 317 may or may not be embedded in the fill and adhesion layers 312 and 314.
According to partial installation requirements and engineering implementation, the structure can also be simplified into a three-layer composite structure, namely, the uppermost layer is a composite material protection layer 311, the second layer is a filling and bonding layer 312, and the third layer is a functional layer 313 based on the surface of the information metamaterial. Generally, a socket 318 for a driving bus or a low/high speed bus is attached to the lower surface of the functional layer 313, so that the electromagnetic characteristic control basic sub-arrays are interconnected with each other or the electromagnetic characteristic control basic sub-arrays are now interconnected with the driving and controlling module. The driving and control modules implement real-time driving and control on the electromagnetic characteristic regulation and control basic subarrays, particularly the functional layer 313, and when a plurality of driving and control modules are expanded to form a distributed architecture, the driving and control modules are connected with one another in an optical fiber or network cable or flat cable/bus mode.
According to some application situations, the driving and control module and the functional layer may also be combined to realize a more complex multilayer PCB, as shown in fig. 4, the multilayer composite structure of the electromagnetic characteristic control basic sub-array 32 includes a composite material protection layer 321 as the uppermost layer, a filling and bonding layer 322 as the second layer, and a function and driving control layer 323 based on the surface of the information metamaterial as the third layer; an active control device 324 surface-mounted on the function and drive control layer 323; the filling and bonding layer 322 is made of flexible material, and plays a role in protecting the function and drive control layer 323 and the mounted active control device 324, the lower surface of the function and drive control layer 323 is mounted with a corresponding drive chip 325 and a control/logic chip 326 (such as a DSP, an FPGA, a CPLD, or an ARM, a RISC-v, a single chip, etc.), the drive chip 325 provides a current or a voltage for driving the active control device 324, and the control/logic chip 326 provides a controlled digital code for the active control device 324; meanwhile, the ethernet port, the optical port, or the serial port is attached to the lower surface of the function and drive control layer 323, so as to expand the electromagnetic characteristic control basic sub-array 32, thereby forming an integrated electromagnetic control array module. In this case, a fourth layer may be provided under the third layer based on the function of the surface of the information metamaterial and the drive control layer 323 as a filling and adhesive layer and/or a bottommost composite support layer.
The electromagnetic feature control device and the basic sub-array thereof are not only designed to be integrated in the aspect of structure, but also required to be integrated in the aspect of electrical performance. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that for multilayer structures in general, and composite multilayer structures in particular, the interfaces between layers are actually electromagnetically discontinuous due to differences in dielectric properties: if the information metamaterial is simply stacked, the composite material protective layer, the filling layer and the bonding layer can deteriorate the electromagnetic regulation and control performance of the functional layer based on the surface of the information metamaterial, and further the expected electromagnetic characteristic regulation and control function cannot be achieved. Therefore, for the design of the composite multilayer structure, the material attribute parameters of the composite material protective layer and the filling and bonding layer are considered according to the principle of integrated electromagnetic design, an electromagnetic structure model is integrally established, and relevant parameter simulation and optimization are performed by adopting a full-wave simulation design method, such as a finite element method, a moment method and the like, so as to achieve corresponding indexes.
The functional layer of the electromagnetic regulation array surface module based on the information metamaterial can regulate and control any one physical domain of amplitude, phase, polarization and frequency of an electromagnetic field or electromagnetic wave, or comprehensively regulate and control multiple physical domains simultaneously, so that a specific electromagnetic function is realized.
For example, by adjusting the current or voltage value of the active modulation device 316 (such as a PIN diode) on the functional layer 313 of the electromagnetic modulation front module, as shown in fig. 5, the modulation of the scattering electromagnetic field amplitude of the information super-structured surface can be realized, and the scattering fields of the functional layer 313 with different driving currents can show different reflectivities in the designed frequency range, that is, the modulation of the amplitude domain of the electromagnetic modulation front can be realized.
For another example, by adjusting the on and off of the active modulation device 316 (such as an FET diode or an MEMS device) on the functional layer 313 of the electromagnetic modulation front module, two opposite states, i.e. different phase encodings, of the phase of the scattered electromagnetic field of each unit on the surface of the information superstructure can be achieved, and then the modulation of the phase domain of the electromagnetic modulation front. The extraordinary deflection of the scattered field beam can be achieved by a specific combination of phase encoding of the functional layer 313 of the electromagnetic wavefront module, as shown in fig. 6 for kiThe field incident in the direction k, the scattered field formed after the functional layer 313 is irradiated, has a conventional beam directionr0I.e., specular reflection direction, the scattered beam can be made to follow a particular direction k by phase-encoding the functional layer 313 to achieve phase modulationrBeam deflection is achieved.
For another example, different parameter responses (such as capacitance values) can be formed by adjusting the bias voltage value of the active control device 316 (such as a varactor) on the functional layer 313 of the electromagnetic control front module, so as to form the reflection polarization angles of the scattering electric fields of different information metamaterial units, thereby further forming the control of the electromagnetic control front in the polarization domain.
The functional layer based on the surface of the information metamaterial can be regulated and controlled in the physical dimension of a time/frequency domain by changing or adjusting the coding sequence besides the dimensions of the amplitude domain, the phase domain, the polarization domain and the like.
For time/frequency domain modulation of scattering properties, one canThe time-varying reflection coefficient is realized by adopting a control device (such as FPGA or singlechip) to generate a time-varying signal
When incident wave Ei(t) upon incidence on the surface, the reflected wave can be denoted as Er(t)＝Ei(t) Γ (t), the frequency spectrum can be regulated and controlled by selecting a proper time domain coding sequence, and the frequency spectrum of the time domain reflected wave can be expressed as follows by adopting a convolution mode:
wherein E isr(f) As reflected waves in the frequency domain, Ei(f) Is the incident wave in the frequency domain, and Γ (f) is the reflection coefficient in the frequency domain, a0Is a Fourier series term of 0 th order, akIs a k-th order Fourier series term, f0Is the time domain modulation frequency, i.e. the repetition frequency of the time domain coding sequence. Therefore, the time domain characteristics of the reflected wave can be controlled by the time-varying reflection coefficient, and for the conventional device or surface, only a exists because the reflection coefficient is time-invariant0Term, the latter harmonic term does not occur. And for the time/frequency domain adjusted information metamaterial functional layer (namely, an electromagnetic regulation array surface module or an electromagnetic characteristic regulation basic subarray), performing time-space coding, such as permutation coding t0Time 1 unit symbol, t1Symbol with time 0 unit, t2Time 1 unit symbol, t3Time 0 unit symbol.. times, and so on, with a time interval of 0.1ms, since the reflection coefficients are time-varying, there are high order fourier series terms, which can produce non-linear characteristics to tune the spectrum. Because the time/frequency domain adjusted information metamaterial functional layer (namely an electromagnetic regulation array surface module or an electromagnetic characteristic regulation basic subarray) becomes a nonlinear device on the premise of not using nonlinear materials, the amplitude and the phase of each order of harmonic wave can be independently regulated and controlled, namely the amplitude of each order of harmonic wave of the reflected wave is regulated by using control voltage combination, and each order of harmonic wave of the reflected wave is regulated by using control signal time delayThe order harmonic phase not only can realize independent regulation and control of the amplitude phase of each order of harmonic wave of the reflected wave, but also can realize simultaneous regulation and control of multiple orders of harmonic waves.
The multilayer composite structure formed by the electromagnetic control array surface module based on the information super-structure material has the advantages that the uppermost layer is the composite material protective layer and the second layer is the filling and bonding layer, so that on one hand, the function of protecting and stress buffering is realized on the covered functional layer, and the environmental adaptability and reliability are improved; on the other hand, because the composite material protective layer and the second layer are filling and the bonding layer is also a wave-transparent medium base material, a wide-angle matching layer covering the functional layer can be formed through the design of thickness and relative dielectric constant, so that the working bandwidth of the functional layer is widened, and the angle stability performance is improved.
The electromagnetic characteristic regulation basic subarray is expanded to form an electromagnetic regulation array surface module, besides a planar structure, a curved surface or a surface which is conformal to the shape of a carrier can be designed according to the surface shape of the carrier or an installation structure, as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of electromagnetic characteristic regulation basic subarray flat plates are expanded and spliced to form a non-planar electromagnetic regulation array surface module. As shown in fig. 8, the electromagnetic characteristic control basic subarray itself is designed into a curved surface, and is further expanded and spliced to form a curved electromagnetic control array surface module, so as to attach a corresponding carrier to form an array surface module conformal to the carrier.
As shown in fig. 9, the electromagnetic characteristic modulating basic subarray 711 is expanded to form the electromagnetic modulating array module 71, and optionally, a conventional wave-absorbing material 712 may be attached or coated on an edge portion of an uppermost surface of the electromagnetic characteristic modulating basic subarray 711, so that on one hand, the edge of the basic subarray 711 may be shielded and fixed to a structure such as an actual carrier or a mounting bracket, and a fastener may be used to affect performance.
On the other hand, according to the performances and characteristics of different types of materials, the conventional wave-absorbing material 712 has a good absorption characteristic for surface waves but a slightly poor absorption characteristic for vertical incidence, and on the contrary, the electromagnetic regulation and control composite functional layer based on the information metamaterial has an obvious effect on the absorption of vertical incidence but slightly poor inhibition for surface waves; under practical application conditions, if the electromagnetic waves irradiated by the radar are generally obliquely incident, that is, the electromagnetic waves have components of vertical incidence and surface waves, the characteristics of the two materials are fused in design, a combined design is carried out, and the occupied area of the traditional wave absorbing material 712 at the edge of the basic subarray 711 is regulated and controlled by optimizing the composite electromagnetic characteristics, so that the solution of comprehensively regulating and controlling the surface waves and the obliquely incident waves is realized.
As shown in fig. 10, optionally, the size of the functional layer 813 based on the information super-structure material surface and the filling and bonding layers 812 and 814 filled with flexible materials from top to bottom in the middle layer of the electromagnetic characteristic controlling basic subarray 81 is slightly smaller than or equal to the size of the composite material protection layer 811 and the composite material support layer 815 on the outer layers of the upper and lower surfaces, the buffer material 821 is disposed at two ends of the functional layer 813 based on the information super-structure material surface and the filling and bonding layers 812 and 814 filled with flexible materials from top to bottom, and the buffer material 821 is located between the composite material protection layer 811 and the composite material support layer 815, so that when the electromagnetic characteristic controlling basic subarray or the electromagnetic controlling array module is mounted on the carrier or the support structure, the functional layer 813 is not stressed, and further protects the device and the chip mounted on the functional layer 813 and the electromagnetic controlling basic subarray and the electromagnetic controlling array, especially when the electromagnetic characteristic, the filling of the interior of the rim with the flexible cushioning material 821 may act as a tangential cushion.
In addition, unlike the embodiment described above with reference to fig. 10, as shown in fig. 11, a buffer material 821 may be provided and connected to both ends of the whole of the functional layer 813 based on the surface of the information super-structural material, the filling and adhesive layers 812 and 814 filled with flexible materials up and down, the composite material protection layer 811, and the composite material support layer 815. When the electromagnetic characteristic control basic subarray or the electromagnetic control array module is mounted on a carrier or a support structure, the functional layer 813 is not stressed, the functional layer 813 and devices and chips mounted on the functional layer 813 are further protected, and especially when the electromagnetic characteristic control basic subarray or the electromagnetic control array module is stressed to bend or deform, the flexible buffer material 821 filled in the edge can play a tangential buffer role.
Without loss of generality, the above-described composite-integrated electromagnetic signature control device may be used in the following applications.
The application field of the device for regulating and controlling the electromagnetic characteristics integrated by the composite material, which is formed by the characteristics, can be used as a scattering regulation surface in certain frequency bands or certain time so as to reduce or enhance the RCS of the device for regulating and controlling the electromagnetic characteristics integrated by the composite material.
The application field of the composite material integrated electromagnetic characteristic regulating and controlling device formed by the characteristics can form an intelligent skin with an electromagnetic regulating and controlling effect. On one hand, the electromagnetic sensor can be used as an electromagnetic sensor in certain frequency bands or certain time to passively detect, process and transmit signals; on the other hand, the device can also be applied as an electronic countermeasure device in certain frequency bands or certain time.
The device application field of the electromagnetic characteristic regulation and control integrated by the composite material formed by the characteristics can form a relay node which is used for communication transmission in certain frequency bands or certain time, and the signal of a communication node at one end is forwarded to enlarge the network transmission distance or carry out obstacle-detouring communication; on the other hand, the transmission network can be optimized in certain frequency bands or in certain time as the application of scattered beam regulation.
The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The basic subarray is characterized in that the subarray is of a multi-layer composite structure, the uppermost layer of the subarray is a composite material protective layer, the second layer of the subarray is a filling and bonding layer, the third layer of the subarray is a functional layer based on the surface of an information metamaterial, an active regulation and control device is attached to the upper surface of the functional layer, and a regulation and control chip for regulating and controlling the active regulation and control device is attached to the lower surface of the functional layer.
2. An electromagnetic signature modulating element array as claimed in claim 1 wherein the multilayer composite structure further comprises a fourth layer of filler and adhesive layers and/or a lowermost composite support layer.
3. The electromagnetic characteristic control basic subarray according to claim 2, wherein buffer materials are connected to two ends of the functional layer on the surface of the information-based metamaterial, and the buffer materials connected to the two ends are respectively connected to the composite material protective layer and the composite material support layer.
4. The electromagnetic characteristic regulating basic subarray according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the functional layer based on the surface of the information metamaterial can regulate and control any one of amplitude, phase, polarization and frequency of an electromagnetic field or an electromagnetic wave, or can comprehensively regulate and control a plurality of physical domains simultaneously.
5. An electromagnetic signature modulating element matrix as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the uppermost and lowermost composite materials are the same or different.
6. The electromagnetic characteristic regulating and controlling basic subarray according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a socket for driving a flat cable or a low/high speed socket is attached to the lower surface of the functional layer, or one or more interfaces of an ethernet port, an optical port or a serial port are attached to the lower surface of the functional layer.
7. An electromagnetic characteristic modulating basic subarray according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a wave absorbing material is provided at an edge portion of an uppermost surface of the electromagnetic characteristic modulating basic subarray.
8. An electromagnetic modulation front module composed of any one of the electromagnetic characteristic modulation basic sub-arrays of claims 1 to 7, wherein the electromagnetic modulation front module comprises one electromagnetic characteristic modulation basic sub-array or is formed by splicing a plurality of electromagnetic characteristic modulation basic sub-arrays.
9. An electromagnetically modulated wavefront module according to claim 8, characterized in that said electromagnetically modulated wavefront module is of planar or non-planar configuration.
10. An electromagnetic signature control device for a composite multilayer structure comprising an electromagnetic control front module according to any of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that it comprises: the electromagnetic characteristic regulation and control device comprises at least one electromagnetic regulation and control array surface module and at least one driving and control module, and the electromagnetic regulation and control array surface module is interconnected with the driving and control module through a driving flat cable or a low/high speed flat cable; when the device comprises two or more array surface modules and two or more driving and control modules, the driving and control modules are connected with each other in any mode of Ethernet cable, optical fiber or flat cable/bus, and a distributed topology framework is formed between the electromagnetic control array surface module and the driving and control modules.
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| CN202010123074.XA CN111244636A (en) | 2020-02-27 | 2020-02-27 | Subarray, array surface and device for integrated electromagnetic characteristic regulation of composite material |
| PCT/CN2020/112987 WO2021169228A1 (en) | 2020-02-27 | 2020-09-02 | Composite material integrated electromagnetic characteristic regulation and control sub-array, array surface and apparatus |
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| CN112543531A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-23 | 东南大学 | Multi-channel multi-bit driving chip for scattering array surface |
| WO2021169228A1 (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-09-02 | 江苏易珩空间技术有限公司 | Composite material integrated electromagnetic characteristic regulation and control sub-array, array surface and apparatus |
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| CN114144053B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2024-04-12 | 重庆邮电大学 | Composite wave absorber with dual dynamic regulation and control and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN103001001A (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2013-03-27 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Metamaterial beam modulator |
| CN103296437B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2017-04-26 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Manufacturing method for metamaterial board, metamaterial antenna housing and manufacturing method for metamaterial antenna housing |
| US10439292B2 (en) * | 2017-04-04 | 2019-10-08 | The Johns Hopkins University | Electromagnetic energy shielding systems, apparatuses, and methods |
| CN109904623A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-18 | 东南大学 | A kind of broadband inhale wave, scattering is adjustable super surface |
| CN211605415U (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-09-29 | 江苏易珩空间技术有限公司 | Subarray, array surface and device for integrated electromagnetic characteristic regulation of composite material |
| CN111244636A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-05 | 江苏易珩空间技术有限公司 | Subarray, array surface and device for integrated electromagnetic characteristic regulation of composite material |
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| WO2021169228A1 (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-09-02 | 江苏易珩空间技术有限公司 | Composite material integrated electromagnetic characteristic regulation and control sub-array, array surface and apparatus |
| CN112543531A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-23 | 东南大学 | Multi-channel multi-bit driving chip for scattering array surface |
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