CN111244468B - Bipolar plate suitable for trapezoid flow battery and application - Google Patents
Bipolar plate suitable for trapezoid flow battery and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN111244468B CN111244468B CN201811431913.3A CN201811431913A CN111244468B CN 111244468 B CN111244468 B CN 111244468B CN 201811431913 A CN201811431913 A CN 201811431913A CN 111244468 B CN111244468 B CN 111244468B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
A bipolar plate suitable for a trapezoid flow battery is provided, wherein the bipolar plate is of a trapezoid flat plate structure, and an isosceles trapezoid area used for being contacted with an electrode is arranged in the middle of one side surface or two side surfaces of the flat plate, which is called an electrode area; electrolyte flows in from the lower bottom edge of the trapezoid area, flows out from the upper bottom edge after flowing through the electrode area, wherein the lower bottom edge of the flowing-in electrolyte is called an inlet side of the electrode area, and the upper bottom edge of the flowing-out electrolyte is called an outlet side of the electrode area; the side edge of the trapezoid left side waist and the side edge of the trapezoid right side waist of the electrode area are respectively provided with 2 groups of sequentially-spaced long-strip-shaped groove groups which are formed by more than 2 long-strip-shaped grooves towards the middle of the electrode area, 1 group of long-strip-shaped grooves are arranged close to the inlet side edge of the electrode area, and the other 1 group of long-strip-shaped grooves are arranged close to the outlet side edge of the electrode area. The structure is simple, the processing is convenient, the utilization rate of electrolyte is improved, the battery performance is finally improved, and the system cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of flow batteries, in particular to a flow battery or a galvanic pile bipolar plate.
Background
The energy crisis and the environmental problem promote the development of renewable energy sources, and then the research of energy storage technology is initiated. The flow battery technology is one of electrochemical energy storage technologies, active substances are usually dissolved in liquid, and when the battery operates, electrolyte dissolved with the active substances flows through a porous electrode to perform electrochemical reaction under the pushing action of a pump, so that energy storage and release are realized. It generally has the advantages of independent design of energy storage capacity and power, and is widely paid attention to being suitable for large-scale energy storage application. The flow characteristics of the electrolyte in a flow battery are closely related to battery performance. A novel structure of a trapezoid galvanic pile is proposed in chinese patent (patent application number 201410495737.5), which can effectively reduce concentration polarization in an electrode, and has high practicability. However, compared with the trapezoidal battery, the electrolyte flow rate at four corners of the trapezoidal battery is easy to be too large or too small, the distribution of active substances is influenced, and even distribution of the electrolyte is difficult to realize by adopting the existing diversion structure. The bipolar plate in the flow battery mainly plays a role in transferring electrons, but can also realize the function of guiding electrolyte by reasonably designing the geometric structure of the bipolar plate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of nonuniform electrolyte distribution in a trapezoid flow battery, the novel flow battery bipolar plate structure is provided, the structure is simple, the processing is convenient, and the electrolyte can uniformly flow into and flow out of an electrode reaction area through designing a properly oriented groove on the bipolar plate, so that the uniform distribution of the electrolyte in the trapezoid battery is realized, the local effect is relieved, the contact resistance and the overall polarization of the battery are effectively reduced, the electrolyte utilization rate is improved, the battery performance is finally improved, and the system cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a bipolar plate suitable for a trapezoid flow battery or a galvanic pile is in a trapezoid flat plate structure, and an isosceles trapezoid area used for being contacted with an electrode is arranged in the middle of one side surface or two side surfaces of the flat plate, which is called an electrode area; electrolyte flows in from the lower bottom edge of the trapezoid area, flows out from the upper bottom edge after flowing through the electrode area, wherein the lower bottom edge of the flowing-in electrolyte is called an inlet side of the electrode area, and the upper bottom edge of the flowing-out electrolyte is called an outlet side of the electrode area; the side edge of the trapezoid left side waist and the side edge of the trapezoid right side waist of the electrode area are respectively provided with 2 groups of sequentially-spaced long-strip-shaped groove groups which are formed by more than 2 long-strip-shaped grooves towards the middle of the electrode area, 1 group of long-strip-shaped grooves are arranged close to the inlet side edge of the electrode area, and the other 1 group of long-strip-shaped grooves are arranged close to the outlet side edge of the electrode area.
The design standard of the battery or the electric pile is as follows:
the long strip-shaped grooves in the 2 groups of long strip-shaped groove groups formed in the middle of the electrode area on the side where the trapezoid left side waist is located and the long strip-shaped grooves in the 2 groups of long strip-shaped groove groups formed in the middle of the electrode area on the side where the trapezoid right side waist is located are axisymmetric with the perpendicular bisector B of the inlet side of the electrode area on the plane A where the plate body is located.
The section of the strip-shaped groove parallel to the plane A of the plate body is quadrilateral C; one of two opposite sides in the quadrangle C coincides with the side where the left waist or the right waist of the trapezoid is located, wherein the other side D in the long strip-shaped groove close to the electrode area entrance side 1 is located below the coinciding side, and the other side D in the long strip-shaped groove close to the electrode area exit side 1 is located above the coinciding side; the other two opposite sides are respectively an upper side E and a lower side F; the more than 2 strip-shaped grooves in the 2 groups of strip-shaped grooves close to the side edge where the left waist of the trapezoid is positioned and the more than 2 strip-shaped grooves in the 2 groups of strip-shaped grooves close to the side edge where the left waist of the trapezoid is positioned are arranged in a one-to-one bilateral symmetry manner; symmetrical groove edges D are overlapped, symmetrical edges E and F near the upper bottom edge of the trapezoid are respectively intersected into an inverted V shape, and symmetrical edges E and F near the lower bottom edge of the trapezoid are respectively intersected into a V shape; or, the symmetrical groove edges D are spaced, the symmetrical edges E and F near the upper bottom edge of the trapezoid form corresponding splayed shapes respectively, and the symmetrical edges E and F near the upper bottom edge of the trapezoid form corresponding inverted splayed shapes respectively. The V-shaped or inverted splayed groove is composed of two strip-shaped grooves, the two strip-shaped grooves forming the V-shaped groove are communicated with each other, but the two strip-shaped grooves forming the inverted splayed groove are not communicated with each other. The bottom of the V-shaped or inverted-eight character formed by the groove faces to the lower bottom of the trapezoid in the area close to the lower bottom of the trapezoid electrode area, and the bottom of the V-shaped or inverted-eight character formed by the groove faces to the upper bottom of the trapezoid in the area close to the upper bottom of the trapezoid electrode area. The straight line where the edge E or the edge F is positioned forms an included angle of 5-85 degrees with the perpendicular bisector B.
Preferably, the width of the long strip-shaped groove forming the V-shaped or inverted splayed groove is 0.1-100 mm, and the depth is 0.1-100 mm.
Preferably, the width and height/depth of the elongated grooves constituting the V-shaped or inverted splayed grooves are the same, or follow the principle that the width and/or depth/height of the flow guiding quadrangular structure at the midpoints of the inflow and outflow sides of the electrolyte near the electrode area is narrower and/or the width and/or depth/height of the distal end is wider.
Preferably, the diameter of the inflow and outflow opening of the electrolyte is 0.1 to 100mm.
The width of the plate body around the upper electrode area of the plate body is 1-500 mm; the thickness of the plate body is 0.1-100 mm.
Preferably, the intersection of the inner corners of the strip-shaped grooves forming the V-shaped or inverted splayed grooves and the edges is arc-shaped.
The bipolar plate provided by the invention can be made of graphite and other materials, but is not limited to the materials. The groove structure on the plate body can be formed by mechanical processing and carving, hot pressing and the like, but is not limited to the above.
Compared with the prior art, the bipolar plate structure is particularly suitable for the trapezoid flow battery, and can greatly improve the uniformity of electrolyte distribution, so that the uniformity of internal reaction of the battery and a pile is ensured, the local effect is weakened, the uniformity of electrolyte distribution in the inlet and outlet directions can be improved by adjusting the height or depth of the groove, and the utilization rate of the electrolyte is improved. Particularly for high-power galvanic pile, the cost can be effectively reduced, and the material is saved.
The technical proposal of the invention has the beneficial effects that
The bipolar plate is simple in structure and convenient to process, uniformity of electrolyte distribution near the wall surface of the trapezoid liquid flow battery is improved by designing the flow guide grooves, and therefore local effects are relieved, and battery performance is improved. Specifically:
as shown in fig. 1, according to the basic principle of fluid mechanics, when an electrolyte enters a trapezoidal electrode area from an inlet section, the electrolyte flows along a direction perpendicular to the inlet section, and at the moment, the electrolytes on the left side and the right side are blocked by two waists, so that the flow of the electrolyte is not smooth, a stagnation area with slow electrolyte update rate, even a flow dead area, is formed, the electrolyte update rate is slow in the area, active substances are rapidly reduced along with the progress of reaction, larger polarization is caused, the voltage efficiency is reduced, the electrolyte utilization rate is reduced, and finally the overall performance of the battery is reduced.
By additionally arranging the properly oriented flow guiding structure near the wall surface, the electrolyte is more uniform near the wall surface, so that the distribution of active substances in the battery is more uniform, the polarization of the battery is reduced, and the performance of the battery is improved.
Drawings
Schematic diagram of flow velocity distribution and flow direction inside trapezoid flow battery in fig. 1
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of comparative example 3;
symbol description:
1-negative electrode electrolyte flow inlet, 2-plate body, 3-electrode region inlet side, 4-electrode region, 5-elongated groove, 6-electrode region wall surface, 7-positive electrode electrolyte flow inlet, 8-negative electrode electrolyte flow outlet, 9-electrode region outlet side, 10-positive electrode electrolyte flow outlet
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, a flow battery bipolar plate. The graphite-pressed bipolar plate is formed by pressing graphite and comprises a bipolar plate body 2, wherein a negative electrode electrolyte flow inlet 1, a negative electrode electrolyte flow outlet 8, a positive electrode electrolyte flow inlet 7 and a positive electrode electrolyte flow outlet 10 are arranged on the bipolar plate body. Wherein the negative electrode electrolyte flow inlet 1 and the positive electrode electrolyte flow inlet 7 are positioned on the lower bottom side of the plate body, and the negative electrode electrolyte flow outlet 8 and the positive electrode electrolyte flow outlet 10 are positioned on the upper bottom side of the plate body. The middle part of the plate body is provided with an electrode area 4 which is trapezoidal, and a V-shaped groove is arranged in the electrode area, and can be regarded as being composed of two strip-shaped grooves.
The thickness of the plate body is 8mm; the negative electrode electrolyte flow inlet 1, the negative electrode electrolyte flow outlet 8, the positive electrode electrolyte flow inlet 7 and the positive electrode electrolyte flow outlet 10 are all round, and have the diameter of 14mm; the isosceles trapezoid where the trapezoid electrode area is located has 400mm lower bottom edge, 200mm upper bottom edge and 1mm high depth of V-shaped groove, and consists of 16 long strip grooves with different lengths and 4mm widths, and the leftmost edge and the rightmost edge of the grooves are overlapped with the wall surface of the electrode area. The angles between the remaining four sides and the perpendicular bisectors of the sides of the electrolyte inlet and outlet are 72 degrees.
The two sides of the plate body are provided with the same V-shaped grooves; all the intersection points with corners are in arc transition. The grooves on the bipolar plate are engraved by machining.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, a flow battery bipolar plate. The graphite-pressed bipolar plate is formed by pressing graphite and comprises a bipolar plate body 2, wherein a negative electrode electrolyte flow inlet 1, a negative electrode electrolyte flow outlet 8, a positive electrode electrolyte flow inlet 7 and a positive electrode electrolyte flow outlet 10 are arranged on the bipolar plate body. Wherein the negative electrode electrolyte flow inlet 1 and the positive electrode electrolyte flow inlet 7 are positioned on the lower bottom side of the plate body, and the negative electrode electrolyte flow outlet 8 and the positive electrode electrolyte flow outlet 10 are positioned on the upper bottom side of the plate body. The middle part of the plate body is provided with an electrode area 4 which is trapezoidal, a splayed groove is arranged in the electrode area, and the splayed groove consists of two strip-shaped grooves.
The thickness of the plate body is 10mm; the negative electrode electrolyte flow inlet 1, the negative electrode electrolyte flow outlet 8, the positive electrode electrolyte flow inlet 7 and the positive electrode electrolyte flow outlet 10 are all round, and have the diameter of 12mm; the isosceles trapezoid where the trapezoid electrode area is located is 380mm in lower bottom edge, 150mm in upper bottom edge and height, 2mm in depth of the splayed groove, and composed of 16 long-strip-shaped grooves with different lengths and 4mm in width, the leftmost edge near the left groove and the rightmost edge near the right groove are respectively overlapped with the left waist and the right waist of the electrode area, and the edge near the middle is perpendicular to the two bottoms of the trapezoid. The included angle between the rest two sides and the perpendicular bisector of the side edges of the electrolyte inlet and outlet is 65 degrees.
The two sides of the plate body are provided with identical splayed grooves; all the intersection points with corners are in arc transition. The grooves on the bipolar plate are engraved by machining.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example is a flat plate without V-shaped or inverted splayed grooves, and the structure is shown in fig. 4. Taking an all-vanadium redox flow battery as an example, commercial software package COMSOL Multiphysics is utilized @ Performing simulation calculation, wherein a mathematical model used for simulation mainly comprises:
momentum conservation and continuity equation:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,and P represents the velocity vector and pressure, μ and μ, respectively * The intrinsic viscosity and the effective viscosity of the electrolyte are shown, respectively, and K represents the permeability of the porous medium (porous electrode) as determined by the Carman-Kozeny equation.
Conservation of materials equation:
wherein c i For the concentration of material i, S i Is a source term in the conservation equation of the material i,is the effective diffusion coefficient in the porous electrode region.
Boundary conditions and initial conditions:
wherein the inlet pressure was set at 24000Pa and the outlet pressure was set at 0Pa.
In the model, the concentration of inlet vanadium ions is correlated with the charge-discharge state (SoC) to eliminate the effect of reaction time. The diffusion flux of all materials at the outlet was set to 0 based on the assumption of a sufficiently developed flow. The wall boundary was set to 0 flux. The specific expression is:
and->The initial concentration of vanadium ions in the positive and negative electrodes, respectively, was set to 1000mol m in this model -3 . Model convergence relative error factor of 1×10 -6 。
Carbon felt with thickness of 5mm is used as an electrode, and the thickness is 100mA cm -2 When the SoC is 88%, the simulation calculation results of the examples and comparative examples are shown in the following table:
therefore, the bipolar plate can remarkably improve the uniformity of electrolyte distribution. Further, the polarization is reduced, the local heat release is reduced, and the utilization rate of the electrolyte is improved.
Claims (5)
1. A bipolar plate suitable for a trapezoidal flow battery, characterized in that: the bipolar plate is of a trapezoid flat plate structure, and an isosceles trapezoid area for contacting with the electrode is arranged in the middle of one side surface or two side surfaces of the flat plate and is called an electrode area; electrolyte flows in from the lower bottom edge of the trapezoid area, flows out from the upper bottom edge after flowing through the electrode area, wherein the lower bottom edge of the flowing-in electrolyte is called an inlet side of the electrode area, and the upper bottom edge of the flowing-out electrolyte is called an outlet side of the electrode area; the side edge of the trapezoid left side waist and the side edge of the trapezoid right side waist of the electrode area are respectively provided with 2 groups of sequentially-spaced strip-shaped groove groups which are formed by more than 2 strip-shaped grooves towards the middle of the electrode area, 1 group of strip-shaped grooves are arranged close to the inlet side edge of the electrode area, and the other 1 group of strip-shaped grooves are arranged close to the outlet side edge of the electrode area;
the long strip-shaped grooves in the 2 groups of long strip-shaped groove groups formed in the middle of the electrode area on the side where the trapezoid left side waist is positioned and the long strip-shaped grooves in the 2 groups of long strip-shaped groove groups formed in the middle of the electrode area on the side where the trapezoid right side waist is positioned are axisymmetric with the perpendicular bisector B of the inlet side of the electrode area on the plane A where the plate body is positioned;
the section of the strip-shaped groove parallel to the plane A of the plate body is quadrilateral C; one of two opposite sides in the quadrangle C coincides with the side where the left waist or the right waist of the trapezoid is located, wherein the other side D in the long strip-shaped groove close to the electrode area entrance side 1 is located below the coinciding side, and the other side D in the long strip-shaped groove close to the electrode area exit side 1 is located above the coinciding side;
the other two opposite sides are respectively an upper side E and a lower side F; the more than 2 strip-shaped grooves in the 2 groups of strip-shaped grooves close to the side edge where the left waist of the trapezoid is positioned and the more than 2 strip-shaped grooves in the 2 groups of strip-shaped grooves close to the side edge where the left waist of the trapezoid is positioned are arranged in a one-to-one bilateral symmetry manner; symmetrical groove edges D are overlapped, symmetrical edges E and F near the upper bottom edge of the trapezoid are respectively intersected into an inverted V shape, and symmetrical edges E and F near the lower bottom edge of the trapezoid are respectively intersected into a V shape; or the symmetrical groove edges D are spaced, the symmetrical edges E and F near the upper bottom edge of the trapezoid form corresponding splays respectively, and the symmetrical edges E and F near the upper bottom edge of the trapezoid form corresponding inverted splays respectively; the width of the strip-shaped groove forming the V-shaped or inverted splayed groove is 0.1-100 mm, and the depth is 0.1-100 mm.
2. The bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein:
the V-shaped or inverted splayed groove consists of two strip-shaped grooves, the two strip-shaped grooves forming the V-shaped groove are communicated with each other, but the two strip-shaped grooves forming the inverted splayed groove are not communicated with each other; the bottom of the V-shaped or inverted-eight character formed by the groove faces to the lower bottom of the trapezoid in the area close to the lower bottom of the trapezoid electrode area, and the bottom of the V-shaped or inverted-eight character formed by the groove faces to the upper bottom of the trapezoid in the area close to the upper bottom of the trapezoid electrode area.
3. The bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein: the straight line where the edge E or the edge F is located forms an included angle of 5-85 degrees with the perpendicular bisector B.
4. The bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein: the bipolar plate was provided with 4 through holes as inflow and outflow ports for the positive and negative electrolytes.
5. Use of a bipolar plate according to any of claims 1-4 in a trapezoidal flow battery.
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| CN201811431913.3A CN111244468B (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2018-11-28 | Bipolar plate suitable for trapezoid flow battery and application |
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| CN201811431913.3A CN111244468B (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2018-11-28 | Bipolar plate suitable for trapezoid flow battery and application |
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| CN111244468B true CN111244468B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2380637A1 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2002-07-13 | Powerdisc Development Corporation Ltd. | Fuel cell plates and assemblies |
| JP2007305339A (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-22 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Electrolyte circulating battery cell |
| CN202275888U (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2012-06-13 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Metal bipolar plate of PEMFC favorable for improving fluid distribution |
| CN207624813U (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-07-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of liquid flow frame suitable for trapezoidal liquid flow battery stack |
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2018
- 2018-11-28 CN CN201811431913.3A patent/CN111244468B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2380637A1 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2002-07-13 | Powerdisc Development Corporation Ltd. | Fuel cell plates and assemblies |
| JP2007305339A (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-22 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Electrolyte circulating battery cell |
| CN202275888U (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2012-06-13 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Metal bipolar plate of PEMFC favorable for improving fluid distribution |
| CN207624813U (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-07-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of liquid flow frame suitable for trapezoidal liquid flow battery stack |
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