CN111244463A - Preparation method and application of PEG (polyethylene glycol) intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of PEG (polyethylene glycol) intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a PEG (polyethylene glycol) intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material. The method comprises the steps of taking vanadium pentoxide powder as a vanadium source, polyethylene glycol PEG-6000 as an intercalation molecule, taking hydrogen peroxide as a cosolvent, preparing a vanadium pentoxide precursor by combining a hydrothermal method with a vacuum freeze drying technology, placing the precursor in a muffle furnace, and sintering at 200 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain the PEG intercalation double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material. The electrode material is applied to the preparation of sodium ion batteries. The method is simple to operate and easy to control reaction conditions, and in the preparation process, a proper amount of PEG is introduced between the layers of the double-layer vanadium pentoxide, so that the sodium storage specific capacity, the cycle performance and the rate performance of the double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of positive electrode materials of sodium-ion batteries, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a PEG (polyethylene glycol) intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, environmental friendliness and the like, and are widely applied to the fields of portable electronic equipment, electric automobiles and the like. However, as the demand thereof is increasing, the problem of shortage of lithium resources is gradually revealed, which greatly limits the development of lithium ion batteries. The reserve of metallic sodium is much higher than that of metallic lithium and has similar physicochemical properties to metallic lithium, and therefore, sodium ion batteries are considered as the most potential alternative to lithium ion batteries. However, since the radius of sodium ions is large, the diffusion resistance of sodium ions in the electrode material is large, and the structure of the electrode material is seriously damaged, which finally results in the deterioration of the cycle stability and rate capability of the sodium ion battery.
Vanadium pentoxide (V) of double-layer structure2O5·nH2O) is very beneficial to the intercalation/deintercalation of sodium ions due to the larger interlayer spacing (8.8-13.8 Å), has the advantages of low price, easy preparation and the like, and is a sodium ion battery anode material with very good application prospect2O5·nH2The defects of poor O conductivity, unstable layered structure and the like seriously restrict the sodium storage performance of the composite material. The organic molecules have larger volume and can enter between layers and V2O5·nH2O forms a hydrogen bond to improve its electrochemical properties by enlarging the interlayer distance while stabilizing its layered structure. PEG (polyethylene glycol) is a common organic high molecular polymer, which is physically and chemically stable, is commonly used as a surfactant, and has hydrophilicity. Therefore, the invention provides a method for inserting proper amount of PEG into V2O5·nH2Between layers of O material to increase V2O5·nH2And O is used as the electrochemical performance of the positive electrode material of the sodium-ion battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a PEG (polyethylene glycol) intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material.
The specific steps for preparing the PEG intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material are as follows:
(1) mixing 0.0014 mol of vanadium pentoxide powder, 0-0.10 g of PEG and 3.85 mL of deionized water, dropwise adding 30% hydrogen peroxide into the mixture while stirring to ensure that the concentration of vanadium pentoxide in the mixed solution is 0.28mol/L, continuing stirring for 25 minutes after dropwise adding is finished, then diluting the concentration of vanadium pentoxide in the mixed solution to 0.028 mol/L by using deionized water, and finally transferring the mixed solution into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining and placing the reaction kettle in an oven at 180 ℃ for reaction for 12 hours to obtain a precipitated product.
(2) Washing the precipitate obtained in the step (1) to be neutral by using distilled water, freezing the precipitate in a refrigerator for 24 hours, transferring the precipitate to a freeze dryer, drying the precipitate to be constant weight, and taking out the precipitate to obtain a vanadium pentoxide precursor.
(3) And (3) placing the vanadium pentoxide precursor prepared in the step (2) in a muffle furnace, heating the vanadium pentoxide precursor from room temperature to 200 ℃ in the air atmosphere at the heating speed of 1 ℃/min, and then sintering the vanadium pentoxide precursor at 200 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the PEG intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material.
The PEG is PEG-6000 or polyethylene glycol.
The PEG intercalation double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material is applied to the preparation of sodium ion batteries.
In the invention, in the process of preparing the vanadium pentoxide serving as the positive electrode material of the sodium-ion battery by combining a hydrothermal method with a vacuum freeze-drying technology, a proper amount of PEG is added for intercalation, so that the sodium storage performance of the double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material can be obviously improved, and the preparation method also has the advantages of simple operation, easy control of reaction conditions and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an XRD spectrum of the vanadium pentoxide electrode material prepared in example 1 of the present invention and the PEG intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode materials prepared in examples 2 and 3.
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a vanadium pentoxide electrode material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an SEM image of the PEG intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material prepared in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an SEM image of the PEG intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material prepared in example 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cycle performance curve of the vanadium pentoxide electrode material prepared in example 1 of the present invention and the PEG intercalation double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode materials prepared in examples 2 and 3 at a current density of 0.1A/g.
Fig. 6 is a rate performance curve of the vanadium pentoxide electrode material prepared in example 1 of the present invention and the PEG intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode materials prepared in examples 2 and 3 at different current densities (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0A/g).
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are intended to provide those skilled in the art with a better understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is to be construed as limited thereby.
Example 1:
(1) firstly, 0.2547 g of commercial vanadium pentoxide powder is mixed with 3.85 mL of deionized water, then 1.15 mL of hydrogen peroxide with the mass percentage concentration of 30% is slowly dripped into the mixture while stirring, stirring is continued for 25 minutes after dripping is finished, then 45 mL of deionized water is used for diluting the solution until the concentration of the vanadium pentoxide is 0.028 mol/L, and finally the solution is transferred into a 100 mL of reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining and is placed in an oven at 180 ℃ for reaction for 12 hours to obtain a precipitation product.
(2) And (2) repeatedly washing the precipitate obtained in the step (1) with distilled water to be neutral, freezing the precipitate in a refrigerator for 24 hours, transferring the precipitate to a freeze dryer, drying the precipitate to constant weight, and taking out the precipitate to obtain a vanadium pentoxide precursor.
(3) And (3) placing the vanadium pentoxide precursor obtained in the step (2) in a muffle furnace, heating the precursor from room temperature to 200 ℃ in the air atmosphere, wherein the heating speed is 1 ℃/min, and sintering the precursor for 2 hours at the temperature of 200 ℃ to obtain the vanadium pentoxide electrode material.
Example 2:
(1) firstly, 0.2547 g of commercial vanadium pentoxide powder, 0.04 g of PEG-6000 and 3.85 mL of deionized water are mixed, then 1.15 mL of hydrogen peroxide with the mass percentage concentration of 30% is slowly dripped into the mixture while stirring, the concentration of the vanadium pentoxide in the mixed solution is made to be 0.28mol/L, the stirring is continued for 25 minutes after the dripping is completed, then 45 mL of deionized water is used for diluting the solution until the concentration of the vanadium pentoxide is 0.028 mol/L, and finally the solution is transferred into a 100 mL reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining and is placed in an oven with the temperature of 180 ℃ for reaction for 12 hours, so that a precipitation product is obtained.
(2) And (2) repeatedly washing the precipitate obtained in the step (1) with distilled water to be neutral, freezing the precipitate in a refrigerator for 24 hours, transferring the precipitate to a freeze dryer, drying the precipitate to constant weight, and taking out the precipitate to obtain a vanadium pentoxide precursor.
(3) And (3) placing the vanadium pentoxide precursor obtained in the step (2) in a muffle furnace, heating the vanadium pentoxide precursor from room temperature to 200 ℃ in the air atmosphere at the heating speed of 1 ℃/min, and then sintering the vanadium pentoxide precursor for 2 hours at the temperature of 200 ℃ to obtain the PEG intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material.
Example 3:
(1) firstly, 0.2547 g of commercial vanadium pentoxide powder, 0.10 g of PEG-6000 and 3.85 mL of deionized water are mixed, then 1.15 mL of hydrogen peroxide with the mass percentage concentration of 30% is slowly dripped into the mixture while stirring, the concentration of the vanadium pentoxide in the mixed solution is made to be 0.28mol/L, the stirring is continued for 25 minutes after the dripping is completed, then 45 mL of deionized water is used for diluting the solution until the concentration of the vanadium pentoxide is 0.028 mol/L, and finally the solution is transferred into a 100 mL reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining and is placed in an oven with the temperature of 180 ℃ for reaction for 12 hours, so that a precipitation product is obtained.
(2) And (2) repeatedly washing the precipitate obtained in the step (1) with distilled water to be neutral, freezing the precipitate in a refrigerator for 24 hours, transferring the precipitate to a freeze dryer, drying the precipitate to constant weight, and taking out the precipitate to obtain a vanadium pentoxide precursor.
(3) And (3) placing the vanadium pentoxide precursor obtained in the step (2) in a muffle furnace, heating the vanadium pentoxide precursor from room temperature to 200 ℃ in the air atmosphere at the heating speed of 1 ℃/min, and then sintering the vanadium pentoxide precursor for 2 hours at the temperature of 200 ℃ to obtain the PEG intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material.
Application example: mixing and grinding the vanadium pentoxide electrode material prepared in the embodiment 1 and the PEG intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode materials prepared in the embodiments 2 and 3 as active materials, using conductive carbon black (Super P) as a conductive agent and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a binder according to the mass ratio of 7:2:1 uniformly, adding a proper amount of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), mixing uniformly to form slurry, uniformly coating the slurry on an aluminum foil, and drying in vacuum at 80 DEG CAnd (5) cutting for 12 hours to obtain the electrode slice. Using the electrode slice obtained after blanking as a working electrode, a metal sodium slice as a counter electrode, a glass fiber membrane (GF/D) as a diaphragm and 1.0 mol/L NaClO4The mixed solution (v (EC): v (PC) =1: 1) of Ethylene Carbonate (EC) and Propylene Carbonate (PC) is used as electrolyte, and the CR2016 type button sodium ion battery is assembled in a glove box filled with argon. The constant-current charge and discharge and rate capability of the battery are tested by adopting a BTS-5V/10mA type charge and discharge tester of Shenzhen Xinwei corporation, the charge and discharge voltage range is 1.0-4.0V, the current density of the rate capability test is respectively 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0A/g, and the current density of the cycle performance test is 0.1A/g. The results of the rate capability tests of the electrode materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 are shown in table 1. The results of the cycle performance tests of the electrode materials obtained in examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 Rate Performance test results for electrode materials prepared in examples 1-3
TABLE 2 results of cycle performance test of electrode materials prepared in examples 1 to 3
As can be seen from FIG. 1, example 1 is an aqueous phase V2O5And an orthogonal phase V2O5Examples 2 to 3 are aqueous phase V2O5That is, the PEG intercalation obtains an aqueous phase V with a double-layer structure2O5。
As can be seen from fig. 2, 3 and 4, example 1 is a nano-sheet structure formed by extruding nanofibers, and examples 2 and 3 are two-dimensional nano-sheet structures with wrinkles on the surface.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the cycle performance of the electrode material prepared in example 2 is significantly better than that of the electrode materials prepared in examples 1 and 3, which indicates that a proper amount of PEG intercalation is an effective method for improving the cycle stability of the positive electrode material of the vanadium pentoxide sodium ion battery.
As can be seen from fig. 6, the rate performance of the electrode material prepared in example 2 is significantly better than the rate performance of the electrode materials prepared in examples 1 and 3, which indicates that a proper amount of PEG intercalation is an effective method for improving the rate performance of the positive electrode material of the vanadium pentoxide sodium ion battery.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of a PEG (polyethylene glycol) intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) mixing 0.0014 mol of vanadium pentoxide powder, 0-0.10 g of PEG and 3.85 mL of deionized water, dropwise adding 30% hydrogen peroxide into the mixture while stirring to ensure that the concentration of vanadium pentoxide in the mixed solution is 0.28mol/L, continuing stirring for 25 minutes after dropwise adding is finished, then diluting the concentration of vanadium pentoxide in the mixed solution to 0.028 mol/L by using deionized water, and finally transferring the mixed solution into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining and placing the reaction kettle in an oven at 180 ℃ for reaction for 12 hours to obtain a precipitate product;
(2) washing the precipitate obtained in the step (1) with distilled water to neutrality, freezing in a refrigerator for 24 hours, transferring to a freeze dryer, drying to constant weight, and taking out to obtain a vanadium pentoxide precursor;
(3) heating the vanadium pentoxide precursor prepared in the step (2) in a muffle furnace from room temperature to 200 ℃ in the air atmosphere, wherein the heating speed is 1 ℃/min, and then sintering at 200 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the PEG intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material;
the PEG is PEG-6000 or polyethylene glycol.
2. The application of the PEG intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material prepared by the preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the PEG intercalated double-layer vanadium pentoxide electrode material is applied to the preparation of a sodium-ion battery.
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Cited By (5)
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CN111847510A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-10-30 | 西南石油大学 | Polyaniline in-situ polymerization intercalation vanadium pentoxide and preparation method and application thereof |
CN112259381A (en) * | 2020-10-01 | 2021-01-22 | 桂林理工大学 | Preparation and application of non-woven multifunctional diaphragm |
CN112421017A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-26 | 湘潭大学 | Preparation method of binder-free water-based zinc ion battery positive electrode composite material |
CN113991096A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Vanadium pentoxide nanobelt with hydrogen bond network and preparation and application thereof |
CN115520897A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2022-12-27 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of high-rate low-temperature-resistant nano lithium vanadate anode material |
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Cited By (8)
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CN111847510A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-10-30 | 西南石油大学 | Polyaniline in-situ polymerization intercalation vanadium pentoxide and preparation method and application thereof |
CN112259381A (en) * | 2020-10-01 | 2021-01-22 | 桂林理工大学 | Preparation and application of non-woven multifunctional diaphragm |
CN112421017A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-26 | 湘潭大学 | Preparation method of binder-free water-based zinc ion battery positive electrode composite material |
CN112421017B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-02-18 | 湘潭大学 | Preparation method of binder-free water-based zinc ion battery positive electrode composite material |
CN113991096A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Vanadium pentoxide nanobelt with hydrogen bond network and preparation and application thereof |
CN113991096B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2024-05-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Vanadium pentoxide nanobelt with hydrogen bond network, and preparation and application thereof |
CN115520897A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2022-12-27 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of high-rate low-temperature-resistant nano lithium vanadate anode material |
CN115520897B (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2024-02-13 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of high-rate low-temperature-resistant nano lithium vanadate anode material |
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