CN111243213A - Electromagnetic signal detection and positioning method for spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of coal pile or gangue dump - Google Patents
Electromagnetic signal detection and positioning method for spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of coal pile or gangue dump Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an electromagnetic signal detection and positioning method for a spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of a coal pile or a waste rock mountain, which relates to the technical field of mine safety monitoring, wherein the spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of the coal pile or the waste rock mountain is detected and positioned by a signal detection module and a data processing module, and the method comprises the following steps: judging a potential spontaneous combustion area according to the accumulation conditions of the ground coal pile and the gangue dump; secondly, arranging surrounding cross rods in a layered mode, detecting through an electromagnetic sensor and an infrared imaging sensor, analyzing surface temperature monitoring data in real time through a data processing module, and judging surface temperature abnormal areas of the coal pile and the gangue dump; and thirdly, performing electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection on the normal surface temperature area, and judging the spontaneous combustion evolution process in real time through increase and decrease of electromagnetic signals. The method adopts non-contact temperature detection and electromagnetic detection, realizes layered detection and step-by-step judgment, can determine the position of the spontaneous combustion area, can judge the spontaneous combustion evolution process in real time, and has the advantages of flexibility, reliability, interference resistance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine monitoring, in particular to an electromagnetic signal detection and positioning method for a ground coal pile or a gangue dump spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area.
Background
Large coal piles or gangue piles are arranged in areas such as a collecting and transporting wharf, a coal mine, a coal storage yard of a thermal power plant and the like, and the ground coal piles are exposed in the natural environment for a long time and are easy to generate nature in the atmospheric environment. The spontaneous combustion of the coal pile is characterized by long combustion time, large range, difficult position determination, difficult temperature reduction and fire extinguishment, high spontaneous combustion expansion speed, mainly occurring in spring and autumn and the like. After spontaneous combustion of coal, a large amount of coal resources are burned at first, so that resource waste and huge economic loss are caused. Moreover, a large amount of toxic and harmful gases such as CO and CO are generated in the coal combustion process2、NO2、SO2And the like, causing environmental pollution. The spontaneous combustion of coal also seriously threatens the normal production and life of wharfs, factories, coal mines and other areas, and has great influence on residents living nearby. The prevention and control of spontaneous combustion of coal has positive significance in the aspects of ensuring production, environmental protection and the like, so that fire is found in time before open fire or smoke is generated in the coalDisaster areas and potential fire hazards are important.
At present, the detection of the coal pile spontaneous combustion dangerous source mainly comprises a temperature measurement method, a numerical simulation method, an index gas detection method, an infrared detection method and the like. Wherein: 1. the temperature measurement method mainly detects the temperature information of an area by using corresponding technical means and carries out fire forecast in the early stage of fire occurrence, but the method is easily interfered by environmental factors and is difficult to accurately detect a dangerous source; 2. the numerical simulation method is to establish a coal spontaneous combustion model by using a computer according to the temperature and CO in the environment2The natural ignition point of the coal is judged according to the concentration value, but the method cannot meet the actual engineering requirement on the aspect of detection precision due to the limitation of simulation conditions; 3. index gas detection method using CO and CO generated during oxidizing combustion of coal2And the variation or paraffin ratio of hydrocarbon gas and the coal temperature, but when the coal spontaneous combustion hazard is met, the internal fire is expanded, so that the coal spontaneous combustion hazard is not suitable for early detection and is easily influenced by ventilation. 4. The infrared detection method mainly utilizes an infrared imaging technology to carry out temperature scanning detection on the surface of a coal pile to obtain the surface temperature distribution condition of the coal pile or a gangue dump so as to analyze and determine a fire hazard area. Due to the poor thermal conductivity of coal, a serious and extensive fire has already occurred inside when the temperature abnormality occurs on the surface of a coal pile or a gangue dump. The method therefore has a large hysteresis in the detection of coal from the source of ignition.
Because the respective application range of the existing detection method is narrow, the existing detection method has no universality, and the problems of complex method, high operation difficulty, low precision, high detection cost and the like exist, in order to accurately determine the position of the spontaneous combustion area, judge the spontaneous combustion evolution process in real time, improve the detection precision and avoid the interference of the environment on the detection, the existing detection method needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for detecting and positioning an electromagnetic signal of a spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of a coal pile or a waste rock hill, and the method is used for solving the technical problems that the spontaneous combustion detection of the coal pile or the waste rock hill is difficult, the detection precision is low, the position of the spontaneous combustion area cannot be accurately positioned, the detection interference is complicated due to environmental factors and the like.
The method for detecting and positioning the electromagnetic signal of the spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of the coal pile or the waste rock mountain is characterized in that a signal detection module and a data processing module are utilized to detect and position the spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of the coal pile or the waste rock mountain, the signal detection module comprises a surrounding cross rod, an electromagnetic sensor, an infrared imaging sensor, a movable sliding block and a shielding cover, the surrounding cross rod is arranged along the coal pile or the waste rock mountain, the electromagnetic sensor, the infrared imaging sensor and an electromagnetic antenna are arranged on the movable sliding block, the shielding cover is arranged on the movable sliding block, and the movable sliding block moves along the surrounding cross rod; the data processing module receives and processes the detection information of the signal detection module; the detecting and positioning steps comprise:
judging a potential spontaneous combustion area according to the accumulation conditions of a ground coal pile and a waste rock mountain;
secondly, arranging surrounding cross rods in a layered mode, installing a signal detection module, carrying out layered detection by an electromagnetic sensor and an infrared imaging sensor, analyzing surface temperature monitoring data in real time by a data processing module, and judging surface temperature abnormal areas of the coal pile and the gangue dump;
and thirdly, performing electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection on the normal surface temperature area, and determining the increase and decrease of electromagnetic signals in real time through the data processing module to determine the spontaneous combustion evolution process of the abnormal temperature area.
Preferably, the data processing module comprises a signal amplifier, a signal filter, a data processor, a display and a power supply, the signal amplifier comprises an electromagnetic signal amplifier and an infrared signal amplifier, the signal filter comprises an electromagnetic signal filter and an infrared signal filter, and the data processor comprises a single chip microcomputer and a memory.
Preferably, the distance between the surrounding cross rods and the surface of the coal pile or the gangue dump is 1-2m, the height between the layers of the surrounding cross rods is 1.5-2m, and the height between the lower surfaces of the surrounding cross rods and the ground is 1-2 m; each layer of surrounding cross rod is divided into 1 detection unit according to the length of 20-50m, 1 signal detection module is arranged in each detection unit, and the signal detection modules reciprocate along the surrounding cross rod.
Preferably, the electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection comprises receiving electromagnetic signals in the area through a loop antenna, receiving electromagnetic signals in a single direction through a directional antenna, wherein the detection direction of the signal detection module is perpendicular to the direction of the tangent of the surrounding cross bar or the surrounding cross bar, and determining the coordinate position of the spontaneous combustion area according to the position of the signal detection module.
Further preferably, in the second step, the signal detection module collects the surface temperature of the coal pile or the gangue dump, and when the detected surface temperature is higher than the ambient temperature or the surface temperature of other areas exceeds 5 ℃, the abnormal area of the surface temperature is determined, and meanwhile, the position coordinates of the abnormal area are determined according to the electromagnetic sensor.
Further preferably, in the third step, the electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection on the surface temperature abnormal region specifically includes: presetting a corresponding relation between the spontaneous combustion temperature of the coal pile or the gangue dump and the electromagnetic signal intensity, and determining the electromagnetic signal intensity value of spontaneous combustion early warning; and when the intensity of the electromagnetic signal is continuously increased, judging the spontaneous combustion degree of the temperature abnormal area in real time, and early warning.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
(1) the method for detecting and positioning the electromagnetic signal of the spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of the coal pile or the gangue dump utilizes the mutual cooperation of infrared detection and electromagnetic signal detection to position the spontaneous combustion dangerous area and determine the spontaneous combustion evolution process of the temperature abnormal area; the method simplifies the detection principle, detects from two aspects of temperature and electromagnetic signals, and improves the detection precision.
(2) The method comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out temperature detection, and directly processing according to the detection when the surface temperature of a coal pile or a gangue dump is abnormal, so as to eliminate fire hazard; and detecting the electromagnetic signal of the temperature abnormal area by using electromagnetic detection after the temperature is abnormal, analyzing the electromagnetic signal to obtain the electromagnetic signal intensity change of the abnormal area, determining the coordinate position of the spontaneous combustion area, and judging the spontaneous combustion evolution process according to the change condition of the electromagnetic signal intensity.
(3) The signal detection module used by the method performs double detection on the temperature and the electromagnetic signal, the detection range is wide, and the automatic reciprocating movement is realized, so that the automation degree is high, the setting is more flexible, and the reliability is high; the data processing module analyzes the detection data of the signal detection module in real time, so that the monitoring timeliness is ensured; in addition, the detection equipment has the advantages of flexible operation, low cost, strong anti-interference capability and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting and locating electromagnetic signals in a spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of a coal pile or a gangue dump;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for detecting and locating electromagnetic signals in a spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of a coal pile or a gangue dump;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal detection module arrangement;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wrap-around rail;
in the figure: 1-a signal detection module; 2-encircling the cross bar; 3-a tripod; 4, a telescopic rod;
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a specific embodiment of a method for detecting and locating an electromagnetic signal in a high-temperature abnormal area of spontaneous combustion of a coal pile or a gangue dump according to the present invention is as follows.
Example 1
A coal pile or a gangue dump spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal region electromagnetic signal detection and positioning method comprises the steps of detecting and positioning a spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal region of a coal pile or a gangue dump by using a signal detection module and a data processing module, and positioning a spontaneous combustion dangerous region and determining a spontaneous combustion evolution process of the temperature abnormal region by using the mutual cooperation of infrared detection and electromagnetic signal detection; the method simplifies the detection principle, detects from two aspects of temperature and electromagnetic signals, and improves the detection precision.
The signal detection module comprises a surrounding transverse rod, an electromagnetic sensor, an infrared imaging sensor, a movable sliding block and a shielding cover, the surrounding transverse rod is arranged along a coal pile or a gangue dump in a layered mode, the electromagnetic sensor, the infrared imaging sensor and the electromagnetic antenna are arranged on the movable sliding block, the shielding cover is arranged on the movable sliding block, interference of the coal pile on the signal detection module is prevented, and the movable sliding block moves along the surrounding transverse rod to guarantee timeliness of signal detection; and the data processing module receives and processes the detection information of the signal detection module, and judges the spontaneous combustion position and the spontaneous combustion evolution process according to the detection information. The data processing module comprises a signal amplifier, a signal filter, a data processor, a display and a power supply, wherein the signal amplifier comprises an electromagnetic signal amplifier and an infrared signal amplifier, the signal filter comprises an electromagnetic signal filter and an infrared signal filter, and the data processor comprises a single chip microcomputer and a memory. The detection data of the signal detection module is processed by the signal amplifier, then passes through the signal filter, then is transmitted to the signal amplifier, and finally is processed by the data processor.
The distance between the surrounding cross rods and the surface of the coal pile or the gangue dump is 1-2m, the height between the layers of the surrounding cross rods is 1.5-2m, and the height between the lower surfaces of the surrounding cross rods and the ground is 1-2 m. Each layer of surrounding cross rod is divided into 1 detection unit according to the length of 20-50m, 1 signal detection module is arranged in each detection unit, and the signal detection modules reciprocate along the surrounding cross rod. The electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection comprises the steps of receiving electromagnetic signals in an area through an annular antenna, receiving the electromagnetic signals in a single direction through a directional antenna, enabling the detection direction of a signal detection module to be perpendicular to the tangential direction of a surrounding transverse rod or the surrounding transverse rod, and determining the coordinate position of the spontaneous combustion area according to the position of the signal detection module.
The detecting and positioning steps comprise:
judging a potential spontaneous combustion area according to the accumulation conditions of the ground coal pile and the gangue dump, specifically judging according to the characteristics, moisture, ventilation, environment temperature, granularity and volatile matters of coal.
Arranging surrounding cross rods in a layered mode, specifically setting the number and the shape of the layers of the surrounding cross rods according to the height and the shape of the coal pile, installing a signal detection module, carrying out layered detection by an electromagnetic sensor and an infrared imaging sensor, analyzing surface temperature monitoring data in real time by a data processing module, and judging surface temperature abnormal areas of the coal pile and the gangue dump. The signal detection module is used for collecting the surface temperature of the coal pile or the gangue dump, when the detected surface temperature is higher than the environment temperature or the surface temperature of other areas exceeds 5 ℃, the abnormal area of the surface temperature is judged, and meanwhile, the position coordinate of the abnormal area is determined according to the electromagnetic sensor.
And thirdly, performing electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection on the normal surface temperature area, and determining the increase and decrease of electromagnetic signals in real time through the data processing module to determine the spontaneous combustion evolution process of the abnormal temperature area. The electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection on the surface temperature abnormal area specifically comprises the following steps: presetting a corresponding relation between the spontaneous combustion temperature of the coal pile or the gangue dump and the electromagnetic signal intensity, and determining the electromagnetic signal intensity value of spontaneous combustion early warning; and when the intensity of the electromagnetic signal is continuously increased, judging the spontaneous combustion degree of the temperature abnormal area in real time, and performing early warning processing.
Example 2
A method for detecting and positioning electromagnetic signals in a coal pile or gangue dump spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area is characterized in that a plurality of signal detection modules and a data processing module are used for detecting and positioning the spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of the coal pile or the gangue dump, wherein each signal detection module comprises a surrounding transverse rod, an electromagnetic sensor, an infrared imaging sensor, a movable sliding block and a shielding cover, a plurality of layers of the surrounding transverse rods are arranged along the coal pile or the gangue dump in a layered mode, the electromagnetic sensors, the infrared imaging sensors and electromagnetic antennas are arranged on the movable sliding blocks, the shielding cover is arranged on the movable sliding blocks, interference of the coal pile on the signal detection modules is prevented, the movable sliding blocks move along the surrounding transverse rods, and timeliness of signal detection is guaranteed. And the data processing module receives and processes the detection information of the signal detection module, and judges the spontaneous combustion position and the spontaneous combustion evolution process according to the detection information. The data processing module comprises a signal amplifier, a signal filter, a data processor, a display and a power supply, the signal amplifier comprises an electromagnetic signal amplifier and an infrared signal amplifier, the signal filter comprises an electromagnetic signal filter and an infrared signal filter, the data processor comprises a single chip microcomputer and a memory, the power supply supplies power for the data processing module, and the display displays a processing result. The data processing module is also provided with a keyboard for adjusting or inputting parameters; the signal detection module can be connected with the data processing module through a transmission cable.
The surrounding cross bars are arranged in a contour diagram shape similar to that of a coal pile or a gangue dump, the distance between the surrounding cross bars and the surface of the coal pile or the gangue dump is 1-2m, 1.5m or 2m, the vertical height between the layers of the surrounding cross bars is 1.5-2m, 2m is generally selected, and the vertical height between the lower surfaces of the surrounding cross bars and the ground is 1-2m, and can also be 1.5 m. Each layer of the surrounding cross bar is divided into 1 detection unit according to the length of 20-50 m. 1 signal detection module is arranged in each detection unit, the signal detection modules reciprocate along a surrounding transverse rod, and a movable sliding block is driven by a direct current motor; the surrounding cross rod is supported by a tripod, and a telescopic rod can be arranged on the movable sliding block, so that the distance between the signal detection module and the coal pile can be adjusted at will. The electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection comprises the steps of receiving electromagnetic signals in an area through an annular antenna, receiving the electromagnetic signals in a single direction through a directional antenna, enabling the detection direction of a signal detection module to be perpendicular to the tangential direction of a surrounding transverse rod or the surrounding transverse rod, and determining the coordinate position of the spontaneous combustion area according to the position of the signal detection module.
The data processing and analyzing module can realize the coordinate positioning and three-dimensional dynamic real-time display of the detection area, can automatically identify each divided detection unit when the detection is started, record the position coordinates in each unit, analyze the surface temperature and the electromagnetic signal space characteristics, automatically draw an area signal change trend graph and display the area signal change trend graph on the display in real time. The data processing module contains a wireless transmitting module, can be connected with a wireless receiving terminal in the ground monitoring room, and transmits the analyzed and judged data to the ground monitoring room in real time so as to control the ground scheduling room.
After the instruments of the signal detection module and the data processing module are arranged, the input of adjustment parameters is carried out according to the actual situation on site. And then starting the detecting instrument to operate according to the system prompt. Setting a relation between a normal temperature T1 of the coal pile or the gangue dump and the spontaneous combustion temperature and an electromagnetic signal, determining a threshold value of a signal received by an electromagnetic antenna and electromagnetic intensity values E corresponding to different temperatures T by referring to normal electromagnetic signal information of the coal pile or the gangue dump, and setting signal intensity values E corresponding to triggering early warning and different levels of warning; the instrument is then commissioned to bring the instrument to a ready state for probing.
The detecting and positioning steps comprise:
and step one, judging a potential spontaneous combustion area according to the analysis of the stacking conditions of the ground coal pile and the waste rock mountain.
The accumulation conditions of the ground coal pile and the gangue dump mainly comprise the characteristics, moisture, ventilation, environment temperature, granularity and volatile matters of coal, and the potential spontaneous combustion danger is judged to exist mainly from the following aspects that (1) the moisture content can influence the spontaneous heating of the coal, a large amount of heat is absorbed from the outside when water is evaporated, the heat is transferred to coal powder when water is condensed, and the temperature of the coal is increased by 17 ℃ when the water content is increased by 1%; (2) the temperature of the coal pile is raised by complete reaction of air which does not circulate in the coal pile, and in fact, when air which circulates at a high speed provides oxygen for the coal, a large amount of heat can be taken away, while the opposite is true at a low speed, although a considerable amount of oxygen is also provided, the spontaneously generated heat cannot be taken away, so that the ventilation air speed is also the key for influencing spontaneous combustion; (3) when the temperature is raised below 80 ℃, the reaction rate is reduced, and the activity is raised along with the temperature rise at 80 ℃; (4) the smaller the coal particles, the larger the surface area of the coal particles, the more sufficient the coal particles are contacted with air, and the self-heating is easier to generate; (5) according to volatile matter, coal can be divided into soft coal, lignite and anthracite, the heat value is increased gradually, and the possibility of spontaneous heating is reduced in sequence.
And secondly, arranging and surrounding the cross rods in a layered mode, installing a signal detection module, carrying out layered detection on an electromagnetic sensor and an infrared imaging sensor, analyzing surface temperature monitoring data in real time by a data processing module, and judging surface temperature abnormal areas of the coal pile and the gangue dump. The method mainly comprises the steps of detecting the temperature through an infrared imaging sensor, determining an area with abnormal temperature, and judging and determining a coordinate position in the area with abnormal temperature through an electromagnetic sensor. The signal detection module is used for acquiring the surface temperature of the coal pile or the gangue dump, and when the detected surface temperature is higher than the ambient temperature or the surface temperature of other areas exceeds 5 ℃, the surface temperature is judged to be an abnormal area, wherein the ambient temperature is obtained according to actual measurement in the environment near the coal pile or the gangue dump; and meanwhile, the position coordinates of the abnormal area are determined according to the electromagnetic sensor, and the area with abnormal temperature is processed.
Corresponding fire prevention and extinguishing measures should be immediately carried out on the area with abnormal temperature, when the surface temperature of the coal pile or the gangue dump is not abnormal, electromagnetic data analysis and inversion and further omnidirectional and directional detection and positioning are carried out, and the area with spontaneous combustion danger is positioned through the time change trend and the spatial characteristics of electromagnetic signals.
In the embodiment, the coal pile is in a long strip shape, the encircling cross rod is arranged at a distance of 1m from the bottom of the coal pile or the gangue dump, the height of the encircling cross rod from the ground is 1.5m, and the encircling cross rod is fixed on a tripod. Dividing n length units (20-50m is a unit, length setting is carried out according to field conditions) on the surrounding cross rod of each layer, then arranging a signal detection module on the cross rod of each unit and connecting the signal detection module with a data processing and analyzing module, wherein the signal detection module is always kept at a distance of about 2-5m from a coal pile or a gangue dump. Finally, on-site adjustment is carried out to ensure that the signal detection modules are in a normal working state, and the signal detection modules of all the units can move on the cross rod under the control of the system and carry out electromagnetic and temperature signal detection.
When the detection is started, the signal detector firstly carries out infrared temperature scanning detection in the unit through the processing of the data processing and analyzing module, if the surface temperature of the coal pile or the gangue dump is found to exceed the ambient temperature, the area is judged to be a spontaneous combustion dangerous area, the system records the position coordinates of the area, sends out an alarm signal and immediately carries out corresponding fire prevention and extinguishing measures; and if the infrared temperature of the surface of the coal pile or the gangue dump is normal, detecting the electromagnetic signals, obtaining the change information of the electromagnetic signals of each unit in the system, and positioning the spontaneous combustion dangerous area according to the time change trend and the spatial characteristics of the electromagnetic signals.
And thirdly, performing electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection on the surface temperature abnormal area, and determining the increase and decrease of electromagnetic signals in real time through the data processing module to determine the spontaneous combustion evolution process of the temperature abnormal area. The method comprises the steps of carrying out electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection on a surface temperature abnormal area, enabling a directional electromagnetic antenna to receive electromagnetic signals in one direction only, enabling an annular antenna to receive the electromagnetic signals facing the side, and selecting the frequency of the antenna for receiving the electromagnetic signals according to the size and shape of a coal pile or a gangue dump, wherein the detection direction of the directional electromagnetic antenna is perpendicular to the direction surrounding a cross rod or the tangential direction surrounding the cross rod, so that the determination of the coordinate position is facilitated. The judging process specifically comprises the following steps: presetting a corresponding relation between the spontaneous combustion temperature of the coal pile or the gangue dump and the electromagnetic signal intensity, and determining the electromagnetic signal intensity value of spontaneous combustion early warning; before detection, a relational expression between the spontaneous combustion temperature of the coal pile or the waste dump and the electromagnetic signal can be predetermined, electromagnetic strength values E corresponding to different temperatures T can be determined according to normal electromagnetic signal information of the coal pile or the waste dump, and signal strength values E corresponding to triggering early warning and alarming of different levels are set.
And when the intensity of the electromagnetic signal is continuously increased, judging the spontaneous combustion degree of the temperature abnormal area in real time, and early warning in a ground monitoring room. When the electromagnetic signal intensity is abnormal during detection and analysis, the signal detection module accurately detects the electromagnetic signal in the area, automatically generates an electromagnetic signal change trend chart of the abnormal area in the data processing and analyzing module, and simultaneously records the position coordinates of the area and correspondingly sends out an early warning signal. If the electromagnetic signal intensity of the area is continuously increased, the system automatically sends out a spontaneous combustion danger level higher than that of the upper level and gives an alarm, the area is judged to be a serious spontaneous combustion danger area, and fire prevention and extinguishing measures are immediately carried out; if the electromagnetic signal does not have a continuously increasing change trend, canceling the early warning; the detection time is 4 h/day, 2h in the day and 2h at night.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method is characterized in that the signal detection module comprises a surrounding transverse rod, an electromagnetic sensor, an infrared imaging sensor, a movable sliding block and a shielding cover, the surrounding transverse rod is arranged along the coal pile or the waste rock, the electromagnetic sensor, the infrared imaging sensor and the electromagnetic antenna are arranged on the movable sliding block, the shielding cover is arranged on the movable sliding block, and the movable sliding block moves along the surrounding transverse rod; the data processing module receives and processes the detection information of the signal detection module;
the detecting and positioning steps comprise:
judging a potential spontaneous combustion area according to the accumulation conditions of a ground coal pile and a waste rock mountain;
secondly, arranging surrounding cross rods in a layered mode, installing a signal detection module, carrying out layered detection by an electromagnetic sensor and an infrared imaging sensor, analyzing surface temperature monitoring data in real time by a data processing module, and judging surface temperature abnormal areas of the coal pile and the gangue dump;
and thirdly, performing electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection on the normal surface temperature area, and determining the increase and decrease of electromagnetic signals in real time through the data processing module to determine the spontaneous combustion evolution process of the abnormal temperature area.
2. The method for detecting and locating the electromagnetic signals in the high-temperature abnormal area of the spontaneous combustion of the coal pile or the gangue dump as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data processing module comprises a signal amplifier, a signal filter, a data processor, a display and a power supply, the signal amplifier comprises an electromagnetic signal amplifier and an infrared signal amplifier, the signal filter comprises an electromagnetic signal filter and an infrared signal filter, and the data processor comprises a single chip microcomputer and a memory.
3. The method for detecting and positioning the electromagnetic signals in the spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of the coal pile or the gangue dump as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the surrounding cross bars and the surface of the coal pile or the gangue dump is 1-2m, the height between the layers of the surrounding cross bars is 1.5-2m, and the height between the lower surfaces of the surrounding cross bars and the ground is 1-2 m; each layer of surrounding cross rod is divided into 1 detection unit according to the length of 20-50m, 1 signal detection module is arranged in each detection unit, and the signal detection modules reciprocate along the surrounding cross rod.
4. The method for detecting and positioning the electromagnetic signals in the coal pile or gangue dump spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection comprises the steps of receiving the electromagnetic signals in the area through an annular antenna, receiving the electromagnetic signals in a single direction through a directional antenna, enabling the detection direction of a signal detection module to be perpendicular to the tangential direction of a surrounding transverse rod or the surrounding transverse rod, and determining the coordinate position of the spontaneous combustion area according to the position of the signal detection module.
5. The method for detecting and positioning the electromagnetic signals of the spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of the coal pile or the gangue pile according to any one of the claims 2 to 4, wherein in the second step, the signal detection module collects the surface temperature of the coal pile or the gangue pile, and when the detected surface temperature is higher than the ambient temperature or the surface temperature of other areas exceeds 5 ℃, the abnormal area of the surface temperature is determined, and meanwhile, the position coordinates of the abnormal area are determined according to the electromagnetic sensor.
6. The method for detecting and positioning the electromagnetic signals of the spontaneous combustion high-temperature abnormal area of the coal pile or the gangue dump according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein in the third step, the electromagnetic omnidirectional and directional detection of the surface temperature abnormal area specifically comprises the following steps: presetting a corresponding relation between the spontaneous combustion temperature of the coal pile or the gangue dump and the electromagnetic signal intensity, and determining the electromagnetic signal intensity value of spontaneous combustion early warning; and when the intensity of the electromagnetic signal is continuously increased, judging the spontaneous combustion degree of the temperature abnormal area in real time, and early warning.
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