CN111240631A - Method and system for virtually transmitting Linux virtual machine screen picture based on AMD display card - Google Patents
Method and system for virtually transmitting Linux virtual machine screen picture based on AMD display card Download PDFInfo
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- G06F3/14—Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units
- G06F3/1454—Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units involving copying of the display data of a local workstation or window to a remote workstation or window so that an actual copy of the data is displayed simultaneously on two or more displays, e.g. teledisplay
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for virtually transmitting a Linux virtual machine screen picture based on an AMD display card, wherein the implementation steps comprise: capturing a virtual machine screen picture in a rendering area by using a display card driving API of the AMD display card, directly coding the captured virtual machine screen picture in the display card into a data frame, and transmitting the data frame to an operating system memory; and transmitting the data frame in the memory of the operating system to the thin terminal. In the invention, under a display card virtualization environment, the display card of the AMD display card is used for driving the API to capture the screen image of the virtual machine in the rendering area, the captured screen image of the virtual machine is directly encoded into the data frame in the display card and then transmitted to the memory of the operating system, and the data frame in the memory of the operating system is transmitted to the thin terminal, so that the data of the screen image of the virtual machine does not need to be copied for many times when reaching the operating system, the image acquisition speed can be improved, the virtual machine image can be transmitted to the thin terminal more quickly, and the user experience is provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of computer cloud computing, virtual computing and cloud desktop, in particular to a method and a system for virtually transmitting a Linux virtual machine screen picture based on an AMD display card.
Background
Due to the rapid development of the infrastructure of the internet, the cloud desktop is more and more popular, only one thin terminal is needed, people can use software running in a virtualization server almost anywhere, and cloud desktop users hope to obtain the same user experience as their workstations when using the software, but the current application is not as single and simple as before. High-definition video coding and decoding, 3D design, 3D games, physical simulation, VR virtual reality and other applications are increasing, cloud desktop manufacturers increasingly attach importance to GPU virtualization technology, and GPU technology and virtualization technology are combined to provide high-performance graphics and 3D performance for virtual machines. There are three types of GPU virtualization schemes, i.e., Device Simulation (Device emulation), graphics card through (gpupassthroughput), and GPU Full virtualization (Full GPU virtualization), which are used to meet 3D requirements in different scenarios.
The device simulation refers to the simulation of a virtual GPU simulated by software by adopting a binary conversion method similar to that in CPU virtualization. However, compared with the CPU, the GPU has complex characteristics, and the GPU specifications of different device providers are greatly different, so that the GPU resources are difficult to split, and the simulation efficiency is low. Thus, typical QEMU software only emulates the basic functionality of a VGA device, accelerating specific 2D image accesses through a paravirtualized image buffer, and does not meet the efficient, shared virtualization requirements. Since device emulation does not have a certain mechanism to enable a virtual machine to perform the ability to access graphics hardware, these virtual display devices perform corresponding processing on graphics data by using a CPU and memory.
The display card direct connection is also called display card penetration, and means that a virtual machine management system is bypassed, a physical GPU is directly and transparently transmitted to a single virtual machine, the physical GPU is independently allocated to a certain virtual machine, the function and the instruction set of the complete physical GPU are obtained, only if the virtual machine has the authority of using the GPU, the host virtual machine loses the capability of using the GPU, the integrity and the independence of the GPU are saved by the allocation mode of the exclusive equipment, a virtual machine operating system uses native drivers and hardware, the performance is close to that of the virtual machine operating system under a non-virtualization condition, and large-scale design and extremely harsh design scenes can be met. The technique maps physical GPU devices 1:1 into a virtual machine, presenting the virtual machine with a device that is consistent in function and performance with the physical GPU. Because the requirement on the virtualization function of the physical GPU is avoided, a common display card can be used, and the average cost of each user is far lower than that of the display card supporting the virtualization of the hardware GPU under the same performance. In addition, the physical display card also supports the display signal of the virtual machine to be directly output through the display interface, so that the virtual machine can be applied to some special scenes with extremely high requirements on desktop display delay or very high requirements on display effect. The graphics card penetration technology isolates the physical GPU from the virtual machine host system, and the situation that the host system uses or changes the GPU state is avoided. The physical GPUs correspond to the virtual machines one to one, and each virtual machine is allocated with an independent physical GPU. In the Hypervisor, a virtual machine accesses a physical GPU through a special channel. The operating system running in the virtual machine sees what would be a physical GPU and installs the same official graphics driver as the physical machine. The underlying bases of the graphics card pass-through technology are IOMMU (I/O memorymanagement unit) and VFIO (Virtual Function I/O). The IOMMU is a memory management unit that controls device DMA address mapping to machine physical addresses (DMARs) and Interrupt Remapping (Interrupt Remapping) to translate virtual addresses accessed by devices to physical addresses while ensuring security. The IOMMU implementation of the localization platform is generally based on SMMU (System Memory Management Unit) which adopts two independent address conversion stages. At the first Stage (Stage 1) a translation of the Virtual Address (VA) into an Intermediate Physical Address (IPA) is implemented. The second Stage (Stage 2) implements the translation from the Intermediate Physical Address (IPA) to the Physical Address (PA). The VFIO is a framework which can safely expose equipment I/O, interruption, DMA and the like to a user space, so that equipment driving can be completed in the user space, and the VFIO can be used for compiling efficient user state driving; in the virtualization scenario, it can also be used to implement Device Passthrough (Device Passthrough) in the user mode. VFIO consists of a platform independent interface layer and a platform dependent implementation layer. The interface layer abstracts the service into IOCTL commands, normalizes operation processes, defines a general data structure and interacts with user states. The implementation layer completes the committed service. VFIO is flexible in design, and can conveniently add support to other kinds of hardware and IOMMU.
The GPU full virtualization means that part of the high-end display card has a hardware virtualization function, the computing power of one physical GPU card can be sliced and divided into a plurality of logically virtual GPUs, namely vGPUs, and the computing power of the GPUs is distributed by taking the vGPUs as units. All vGPUs can share the 3D graphics engine and the video coding and decoding engine which access the physical GPU in a time-sharing mode, and have independent video memories. The single GPU card can be distributed to a plurality of virtual machines for use by taking the vGPU as a unit, and the virtual machines can directly access partial hardware resources of the physical GPU through the bound vGPU, so that the virtual machines can run 3D software, play high-definition videos and the like, and user experience is greatly improved. The vGPU technology does not need to convert a hardware acceleration protocol, and the virtual machine is directly communicated with the vGPU, so that the protocol compatibility and the performance of the virtual machine are greatly improved. Based on the GPU sharing capability provided by GPU virtualization manufacturers, the physical GPU is virtualized into multiple vGPUs with complete GPU functions and instruction sets, and the requirements of most 2D and 3D graphics intensive users can be met. SR-IOV is an ideal GPU full virtualization solution, and performance and scalability can be improved. SR-IOV isolates each virtual GPU's access space through shadow page tables so that most command execution will not be interfered by the virtual machine monitor, and therefore the virtual GPU can obtain performance close to that of non-virtualization. The SR-IOV comprises a Physical Function (PF) and a Virtual Function (VF), and the PF comprises an SR-IOV functional structure for managing the SR-IOV functions. The PF is a fully functional PCIe function that may be discovered, managed, and processed like any other PCIe device. The PF has full configuration resources that can be used to configure or control the PCIe device. A VF is a lightweight PCIe function that may share one or more physical resources with a physical function and other VFs associated with the same physical function. The VF only allows possession of configuration resources for its own behavior. With SR-IOV, a PCIe device can derive not only PCI physical functions, but also a set of virtual functions that share resources on the I/O device. The AMD professional-level display card such as AMD Radon Pro or FirePro, has a GPU full virtualization function, can penetrate into a virtual machine after virtualization for the virtual machine to use, improves the graphics processing capability of the virtual machine, and enables the virtual machine to have the capability of running 3D application. When the video card penetrates through the virtual machine, the image frames in the virtual machine are transmitted to the terminal seen by the user, a remote desktop protocol is needed, and the existing widely used remote desktop protocol supporting 3D application has many disadvantages, such as large occupied bandwidth, high frame delay and the like, and particularly, the user experience is greatly influenced under the condition that display data spans a public network. Therefore, an efficient method is needed to transmit the pictures in the virtual machine in real time after the video card is virtualized and penetrated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for virtually transmitting the screen picture of a Linux virtual machine based on an AMD display card, which can meet and improve the user experience of a cloud desktop terminal user when using a virtual machine application, the screen picture data of the virtual machine does not need to be copied for multiple times when reaching an operating system, the picture acquisition speed can be improved, the virtual machine picture can be transmitted to a thin terminal more quickly, and the user experience is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for virtually transmitting a Linux virtual machine screen picture based on an AMD display card comprises the following implementation steps:
1) capturing a virtual machine screen picture in a rendering area by using a display card driving API of the AMD display card, directly coding the captured virtual machine screen picture in the display card into a data frame, and transmitting the data frame to an operating system memory;
2) and transmitting the data frame in the memory of the operating system to the thin terminal.
Optionally, step 1) is preceded by the step of configuring an AMD display card: inserting an AMD display card into a display card slot of a cloud platform server, creating a Linux virtual machine on the cloud platform server, penetrating a virtualized AMD display card into the Linux virtual machine, installing an AMD display card driver in an AMD display card virtualization environment, manufacturing an EDID file analog display, configuring a display configuration file of the Linux virtual machine, and configuring the analog display to support terminal multi-screen display.
Optionally, the detailed steps of step 1) include:
1.1) detecting the number of virtual displays of a Linux virtual machine through a main process, starting screen data acquisition thread quantity the same as the number of the virtual displays, informing an AMD display card to drive a RapidFire by each screen data acquisition thread, and independently taking charge of acquisition of data of one display screen by each screen data acquisition thread; meanwhile, the main process also starts a mouse data capturing thread to capture the mouse data;
1.2) respectively defining RapidFire session attributes of each screen data acquisition thread, wherein the session attributes comprise the type of an encoder, the ID of a screen, whether to capture mouse data and whether to copy the mouse data from a GPU to an internal memory of an operating system, and establishing a RapidFire session by using the RapidFire session attributes;
1.3) registering the rendering area of each screen data acquisition thread to the driver RapidFire of the AMD display card;
1.4) each screen data acquisition thread respectively calls an rfEncodeFrame interface of an AMD display card driving RapidFire to encode a data frame of a current rendering area and checks whether the encoding setting is changed, if the encoder setting is changed, the screen is grabbed according to the changed setting, and if the encoder setting is not changed, the screen is grabbed according to the original setting;
1.5) each screen data acquisition thread calls an rfGetEncoddFrame respectively to acquire a coded data frame;
1.6) monitoring the mouse position in real time by a mouse data capturing thread to be unchanged, and calling an rfGetMouseData function to acquire mouse data if the mouse position is changed;
1.7) transmitting the data frames captured by each screen data acquisition thread and each mouse data capture thread to an operating system memory.
Optionally, the detailed steps of step 2) include:
2.1) encoding the data frame in the memory of the operating system into a data packet;
2.2) transmitting the data packet to the thin terminal according to the designated transmission frequency.
Optionally, the encoding in step 2.1) specifically refers to performing h.264 encoding and adding the sending header information.
The invention also provides a system for virtually transmitting the screen picture of the Linux virtual machine based on the AMD display card, which comprises the following steps:
the screen acquisition program module is used for capturing a virtual machine screen picture in a rendering area by utilizing a display card driving API of the AMD display card, directly coding the captured virtual machine screen picture in the display card into a data frame and transmitting the data frame to an operating system memory;
and the data sending program module is used for transmitting the data frame in the memory of the operating system to the thin terminal.
The invention also provides a system for virtually transmitting the Linux virtual machine screen picture based on the AMD display card, which comprises a computer device, wherein the computer device is programmed or configured to execute the steps of the method for virtually transmitting the Linux virtual machine screen picture based on the AMD display card.
The invention also provides a system for virtually transmitting the Linux virtual machine screen based on the AMD display card, which comprises a computer device, wherein a computer program which is programmed or configured to execute the method for virtually transmitting the Linux virtual machine screen based on the AMD display card is stored on a memory of the computer device.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program programmed or configured to execute the method for virtually transmitting the Linux virtual machine screen based on the AMD display card.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the traditional screen capture method is to capture data by using an API (application program interface) on the operating system level, and the data is copied for many times when reaching the operating system. In the invention, under a display card virtualization environment, the display card of the AMD display card is used for driving the API to capture the screen image of the virtual machine in the rendering area, the captured screen image of the virtual machine is directly encoded into the data frame in the display card and then transmitted to the memory of the operating system, and the data frame in the memory of the operating system is transmitted to the thin terminal, so that the data of the screen image of the virtual machine does not need to be copied for many times when reaching the operating system, the image acquisition speed can be improved, the virtual machine image can be transmitted to the thin terminal more quickly, and the user experience is provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic flow of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an implementation principle of the method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a detailed flowchart of screen capture by the method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the implementation steps of the method for virtually transmitting the Linux virtual machine screen based on the AMD video card in the embodiment include:
1) capturing a virtual machine screen picture in a rendering area by using a display card driving API of the AMD display card, directly coding the captured virtual machine screen picture in the display card into a data frame, and transmitting the data frame to an operating system memory;
2) and transmitting the data frame in the memory of the operating system to the thin terminal. Referring to fig. 2, the thin terminal may use VAAPI or VDPAU to perform hard decoding to restore the screen of the virtual machine.
In this embodiment, step 1) includes the step of configuring an AMD video card: inserting an AMD display card into a display card slot of a cloud platform server, creating a Linux virtual machine on the cloud platform server, penetrating a virtualized AMD display card into the Linux virtual machine, installing an AMD display card driver in an AMD display card virtualization environment, manufacturing an EDID file analog display, configuring a display configuration file of the Linux virtual machine, and configuring the analog display to support terminal multi-screen display.
As shown in fig. 3, the detailed steps of step 1) include:
1.1) detecting the number of virtual displays of a Linux virtual machine through a main process, starting screen data acquisition thread quantity the same as the number of the virtual displays, informing an AMD display card to drive a RapidFire by each screen data acquisition thread, and independently taking charge of acquisition of data of one display screen by each screen data acquisition thread; meanwhile, the main process also starts a mouse data capturing thread to capture the mouse data;
1.2) respectively defining RapidFire session attributes of each screen data acquisition thread, wherein the session attributes comprise the type of an encoder, the ID of a screen, whether to capture mouse data and whether to copy the mouse data from a GPU to an internal memory of an operating system, and establishing a RapidFire session by using the RapidFire session attributes;
1.3) registering the rendering area of each screen data acquisition thread to the driver RapidFire of the AMD display card;
1.4) each screen data acquisition thread respectively calls an rfEncodeFrame interface of an AMD display card driving RapidFire to encode a data frame of a current rendering area and checks whether the encoding setting is changed, if the encoder setting is changed, the screen is grabbed according to the changed setting, and if the encoder setting is not changed, the screen is grabbed according to the original setting;
1.5) each screen data acquisition thread calls an rfGetEncoddFrame respectively to acquire a coded data frame;
1.6) monitoring the mouse position in real time by a mouse data capturing thread to be unchanged, and calling an rfGetMouseData function to acquire mouse data if the mouse position is changed;
1.7) transmitting the data frames captured by each screen data acquisition thread and each mouse data capture thread to an operating system memory. In this embodiment, the rfGetEncodedFrame is called to obtain the encoded data frame, validity of the frame is checked, and the data frame is transmitted to the memory of the operating system.
In this embodiment, the detailed steps of step 2) include:
2.1) encoding the data frame in the memory of the operating system into a data packet;
2.2) transmitting the data packet to the thin terminal according to the designated transmission frequency. E.g., set to 30fps, the transmit module transmits 30 frames of data to the thin terminal a second.
In this embodiment, the encoding in step 2.1) specifically refers to performing h.264 encoding and adding header information. And the captured pictures are compressed into H.264 streams, so that the network bandwidth is effectively reduced, the thin terminal is convenient to decode by utilizing hardware, and the decoding and rendering speed is improved.
In addition, the embodiment further provides a system for virtually transmitting the screen image of the Linux virtual machine based on the AMD video card, which includes:
the screen acquisition program module is used for capturing a virtual machine screen picture in a rendering area by utilizing a display card driving API of the AMD display card, directly coding the captured virtual machine screen picture in the display card into a data frame and transmitting the data frame to an operating system memory;
and the data sending program module is used for transmitting the data frame in the memory of the operating system to the thin terminal.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a system for virtually transmitting the Linux virtual machine screen based on the AMD video card, which comprises a computer device, wherein the computer device is programmed or configured to execute the steps of the method for virtually transmitting the Linux virtual machine screen based on the AMD video card. In addition, the embodiment also provides a system for virtually transmitting the Linux virtual machine screen based on the AMD video card, which includes a computer device, wherein a memory of the computer device stores a computer program programmed or configured to execute the method for virtually transmitting the Linux virtual machine screen based on the AMD video card. In addition, the present embodiment also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores thereon a computer program programmed or configured to execute the foregoing method for virtualizing and transmitting the Linux virtual machine screen based on the AMD video card.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for virtually transmitting a Linux virtual machine screen picture based on an AMD display card is characterized by comprising the following implementation steps:
1) capturing a virtual machine screen picture in a rendering area by using a display card driving API of the AMD display card, directly coding the captured virtual machine screen picture in the display card into a data frame, and transmitting the data frame to an operating system memory;
2) and transmitting the data frame in the memory of the operating system to the thin terminal.
2. The method for virtually transmitting the screen of the Linux virtual machine based on the AMD display card as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 1) is preceded by the step of configuring the AMD display card: inserting an AMD display card into a display card slot of a cloud platform server, creating a Linux virtual machine on the cloud platform server, penetrating a virtualized AMD display card into the Linux virtual machine, installing an AMD display card driver in an AMD display card virtualization environment, manufacturing an EDID file analog display, configuring a display configuration file of the Linux virtual machine, and configuring the analog display to support terminal multi-screen display.
3. The method for virtually transmitting the screen of the Linux virtual machine based on the AMD display card as recited in claim 1, wherein the detailed step of the step 1) comprises the following steps:
1.1) detecting the number of virtual displays of a Linux virtual machine through a main process, starting screen data acquisition thread quantity the same as the number of the virtual displays, informing an AMD display card to drive a RapidFire by each screen data acquisition thread, and independently taking charge of acquisition of data of one display screen by each screen data acquisition thread; meanwhile, the main process also starts a mouse data capturing thread to capture the mouse data;
1.2) respectively defining RapidFire session attributes of each screen data acquisition thread, wherein the session attributes comprise the type of an encoder, the ID of a screen, whether to capture mouse data and whether to copy the mouse data from a GPU to an internal memory of an operating system, and establishing a RapidFire session by using the RapidFire session attributes;
1.3) registering the rendering area of each screen data acquisition thread to the driver RapidFire of the AMD display card;
1.4) each screen data acquisition thread respectively calls an rfEncodeFrame interface of an AMD display card driving RapidFire to encode a data frame of a current rendering area and checks whether the encoding setting is changed, if the encoder setting is changed, the screen is grabbed according to the changed setting, and if the encoder setting is not changed, the screen is grabbed according to the original setting;
1.5) each screen data acquisition thread calls an rfGetEncoddFrame respectively to acquire a coded data frame;
1.6) monitoring the mouse position in real time by a mouse data capturing thread to be unchanged, and calling an rfGetMouseData function to acquire mouse data if the mouse position is changed;
1.7) transmitting the data frames captured by each screen data acquisition thread and each mouse data capture thread to an operating system memory.
4. The method for virtually transmitting the screen of the Linux virtual machine based on the AMD display card as recited in claim 1, wherein the detailed step of the step 2) comprises the following steps:
2.1) encoding the data frame in the memory of the operating system into a data packet;
2.2) transmitting the data packet to the thin terminal according to the designated transmission frequency.
5. The method for virtually transmitting the screenshot of the Linux virtual machine based on the AMD video card as claimed in claim 4, wherein the encoding in the step 2.1) is h.264 encoding and adding header information.
6. A system for virtually transmitting a Linux virtual machine screen picture based on an AMD display card is characterized by comprising:
the screen acquisition program module is used for capturing a virtual machine screen picture in a rendering area by utilizing a display card driving API of the AMD display card, directly coding the captured virtual machine screen picture in the display card into a data frame and transmitting the data frame to an operating system memory;
and the data sending program module is used for transmitting the data frame in the memory of the operating system to the thin terminal.
7. A system for virtually transmitting Linux virtual machine screen based on AMD display card, comprising a computer device, wherein the computer device is programmed or configured to execute the steps of the method for virtually transmitting Linux virtual machine screen based on AMD display card according to any one of claims 1-5.
8. A system for virtually transmitting Linux virtual machine screen based on AMD display card comprises a computer device, wherein a computer program which is programmed or configured to execute the method for virtually transmitting Linux virtual machine screen based on AMD display card according to any one of claims 1-5 is stored on a memory of the computer device.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program programmed or configured to execute the method for virtually transmitting the Linux virtual machine screen based on the AMD display card according to any one of claims 1-5.
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